名词性从句资料

PAGE1PAGE5名词性从句1名词性从句：在句子中起到一个名词的作用，并充当句子的主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。判断依据：看在从句中有无具体意义；看在从句中有无充当成分。如有，是充当什么成分常见的关联词：which,how,why,whenever,what,whetherwho,when,whom,whose,that，whatever,whoever,where,whomever,wherever，whichever，if，however一、名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义和用法见下表：类别词义在从句中的作用连接词__________无任何词义仅起连接作用，不作成分连接词____________________是否起连接作用，不作成分连接代词________________________________________________________________________________________有各自含义引导从句，并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语连接副词________________________________________有各自含义引导从句，在从句中作状语二、从句中that和what的区别连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。表“…的东西/事情/样子/的话/的地方”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。1.Iwonderifthisis______youarelookingfor.2.Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom_______itwasbefore.3.Fathermadeapromise______ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.4._______Ican’tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.5.________theearthisroundisknowntousall.6.Is_____hetoldustrue?7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.三、who与whoever；what与whateverwhoever,whatever等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而who,what等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。1._________wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._______weneedismoretime.3._______madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.四、that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别引导同位语从句的that无实际意义,不作从句的任何成分,而引导定语从句的that从句的某个成分。Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthematch.(同位语从句)Hetoldmethenewsthatwasveryexciting.(定语从句)五、if与whether1.主语从句：whether引导主语从句位于句首,if引导主语从句不能位于句首Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.Itisnotknownifhewillcome.2.表语从句：只能用whether，if不能引导表语从句Theproblemiswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.3.宾语从句：whether与if有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether①介词后的宾语从句Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.②whether…ornot的宾语从句Idon’tknowwhetherornotshe’lllikeit.③复合不定式只能用whetherTelluswhethertogoorstayhere.六、在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.七、it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型1．it作形式主语的常用句型(1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句6．我想要强调(stress)的是我们每个人都应该更多地倾听他人。(主语从句,表语从句)___________________________________________________________________________________________7．我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。(定语从句,表语从句)___________________________________________________________________________________________8．有人建议每个学生唱一首英文歌曲。(主语从句,it作形式主语)___________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅶ.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关Andy的英语短文，尽可能多地使用名词性从句。1．大家都知道Andy是位有名的作家，但没有人知道她来自何处，而且她是否出生于1961年仍然是个谜；2．大家对她了解的是穷人都喜欢她，因为她总是帮助那些急需钱的人；3．Andy很慷慨而且乐于助人，她只是想做自己认为正确的事；4．我认为那就是生命意义之所在。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2014暑假新高二英语读写训练9名词性从句1名词性从句：在句子中起到一个名词的作用，并充当句子的主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。判断依据：看在从句中有无具体意义；看在从句中有无充当成分。如有，是充当什么成分常见的关联词：which,how,why,whenever,what,whetherwho,when,whom,whose,that，whatever,whoever,where,whomever,wherever，whichever，if，however一、名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义和用法见下表：类别词义在从句中的作用连接词that无任何词义仅起连接作用，不作成分连接词whether,if是否起连接作用，不作成分连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever有各自含义引导从句，并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语连接副词how,when,why,where,however,whenever,wherever有各自含义引导从句，在从句中作状语二、从句中that和what的区别连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。表“…的东西/事情/样子/的话/的地方”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。1.Iwonderifthisis______youarelookingfor.what2.Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom_______itwasbefore.what3.Fathermadeapromise______ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.that4._______Ican’tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.What5.________theearthisroundisknowntousall.That6.Is_____hetoldustrue?what7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.that8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.What三、who与whoever；what与whateverwhoever,whatever等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而who,what等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。1._________wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._______weneedismoretime.3._______madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.答案Whatever,What,Who,Whoever四、that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别引导同位语从句的that无实际意义,不作从句的任何成分,而引导定语从句的that从句的某个成分。Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthematch.(同位语从句)Hetoldmethenewsthatwasveryexciting.(定语从句)五、if与whether1.主语从句：whether引导主语从句位于句首,if引导主语从句不能位于句首Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.Itisnotknownifhewillcome.2.表语从句：只能用whether，if不能引导表语从句Theproblemiswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.3.宾语从句：whether与if有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether①介词后的宾语从句Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.②whether…ornot的宾语从句Idon’tknowwhetherornotshe’lllikeit.③复合不定式只能用whetherTelluswhethertogoorstayhere.六、在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.七、it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型1．it作形式主语的常用句型(1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句(4)It＋特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters)＋that从句(5)Itdoesn'tmatterwho/whether/if等从句2．it作形式宾语的常用句型(1)动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。(2)有些动词带宾语从句时，需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词(短语)主要有：hate,like,owe,have,appreciate,seeto等。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是必要的。(it是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语)Ihateitwhentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。(it是形式宾语，when引导的从句是真正的宾语)八、有用的句型1.…的原因是…Thereasonfor+名词+isthat…Thereasonwhy+句子+isthat…他缺席的原因是他……。Thereasonforhisabsenceisthat…Thereasonwhyhewasabsentisthat…2.This/That/Itis+where/why/how/because,表示具体的地点、原因、方式1)这就是我们为什么应该保持健康的原因。Thisiswhyweshouldkeephealthy.2)这就是我停车的地方。ThisiswhereIparkedmycar.过关强练：Ⅰ.用正确的关联词填空1.我的问题是我没有时间和他交流。Myproblemis______Ihavenotimetocommunicatewithhim.that2.问题是这本书是否值得一读。Theproblemis_______thisbookisworthreading.whether3.她没有去上学的原因是她生病了。Thereason_____shedidn’tgotoschoolwas______shewasill.why,that4.我的意见是你不该一个人去。Myopinionis______youshouldn’tgoalone.that5.今天的中国已不是过去的样子了。Chinatodayisnolonger_____sheusedtobe.what6.那是因为这两兄弟想要打赌。That’s_______thetwobrotherswantedtomakeabet.because7.我的建议是我们明天应该早点出发。Mysuggestionis______we(should)setoffearlytomorrow.thatⅡ.用宾语从句或表语从句完成下列句子1．Whereisthepostoffice？Hedoesn'tknowthat. Hedoesn'tknow__________________________________.2．Howshouldwedothework？Didshesayanythingaboutit? Didshesayanythingabout________________________？3．Willthatmanturnupintime？It'saquestion. Thequestionis________________________________4．Yesterday'sgamemakesmefeelexcited. Yesterday'sgameis________________________________.5．HetoldmesomethingthatIshouldread. Hetoldme_______________________________________.答案1.wherethepostofficeis2.howweshoulddothework3.whetherthatmanwillturnupintime4.whatmakesmefeelexcited5.whatIshouldreadⅢ.用主语从句改写下列句子1．Ishecomingornot？Itisstilluncertain. Itisstilluncertain_________________________________.2．Whydidhedoit？Itremainsamystery. ________________________remainsamystery?3．Somethingcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.Itisprettywellunderstood.Itisprettywellunderstood_______________________4．Suchathinghappenedinyourclass.Itwasapity. _________________________________________________5．Thethingthatyouneedismorepractice. _________________________________________________答案1.whetherheiscomingornot2.Whyhedidit3.thatsomethingcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday4.Itwasapitythatsuchathinghappenedinyourclass.5.Whatyouneedismorepractice.Ⅳ.用同位语从句改写下列句子1．Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion.Allmatterconsistsofatoms. Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion_________________________________________________2．Wheredidyougettheidea？Icouldnotcome. Wheredidyougettheidea________________________________________？3．Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestion.Wherearewegoingtospendoursummervacation? Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestion_________________________________________________4．Theydidn'tfinishthework.Theyhavetofacethefact. _________________________________________________5．Imadeapromise.IwillwritetoyouassoonasIgettoBeijing. _________________________________________________答案1.thatallmatterconsistsofatoms2．thatIcouldnotcome3．wherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation4．Thefactthattheydidn'tfinishtheworkhastobefaced.5．ImadeapromisethatIwillwritetoyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.Ⅴ.将下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句1．a.Themanagersaidalotatthemeeting.b.Hiswordswereveryattractive.2．a.Whendidyouentertheroom？b.Thepolicewantstoknowit.3．a.Thisismydecision.b.Allofusaretostartat6o'clocktomorrowmorning.4．a.Ourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionship.b.Thenewsencouragedusallgreatly.5．a.WeshouldpractiseoralEnglishforanhoureveryday.b.Thatwasourrule.答案：1.Whatthemanagersaidatthemeetingwasveryattractive.2．Thepolicewantstoknowwhenyouenteredtheroom.3．Mydecisionisthatallofusaretostartat6o'clocktomorrowmorning.4．Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.5．WemadeitarulethatweshouldpractiseoralEnglishforanhoureveryday.6．a.Manypeopleintheareaareshortofmoney.b.Thisisaquestion.答案：Thequestionisthatmanypeopleintheareaareshortofmoney.7．a.Themanagersaidalotatthemeeting.b.Hiswordswereveryattractive.答案：Whatthemanagersaidatthemeetingwasveryattractive.8．a.Hehassucceededinpassingtheexamination.b.Itisgoodnews.答案：Thathehassucceededinpassingtheexaminationisgoodnews.或Itisgoodnewsthathehassucceededinpassingtheexamination.9．a.Weshouldnotoveruseoureyesanddomoreoutdoorexercises.b.Hesuggestedit.答案：Hesuggestedthatweshouldnotoveruseoureyesanddomoreoutdoorexercises.10．a.Ourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionship.b.Thenewswasit.c.Thenewsencouragedusallgreatly.答案：Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.11．a.Shelostherwayandherhomewasnearby.b．Thegirltoldittous.答案：Thegirltoldusthatshelostherwayandthatherhomewasnearby.Ⅵ.单句翻译1．我坚信未来掌控在我们自己的手中。(宾语从句)2．我最感兴趣的是文学书(literarybooks)，尤其是由著名作家写的。(主语从句)3．我们的英语老师李老师发现很奇怪,在教师节那天她连一张来自学生的问候卡(greetingcard)都没收到。(宾语从句，it作形式宾语)4．在我的英语学习中最主要的两个问题是我感觉记单词难，而且说英语时经常感到紧张。(表语从句)5．老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。(givesomeadviceon)(宾语从句)6．我想要强调(stress)的是我们每个人都应该更多地倾听他人。(主语从句,表语从句)7．我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。(定语从句,表语从句)8．有人建议每个学生唱一首英文歌曲。(主语从句,it作形式主语)1.Therefore,Ifirmlybelievethatourfutureisinourownhands.2.Whatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.3.Ms.Li,ourEnglishteacher,musthavefounditstrangeonTeachers'Daythatshedidnotreceiveasinglegreetingcardfromusstudents.4.ThetwomainproblemsinmyEnglishstudyarethatIfeelitdifficulttolearnwordsbyheart,andthatIoftenfeelnervouswhenspeakingEnglish.5.Ourteachergaveussomeadviceo