2019外研社版高中英语选修四 Unit 6 Space and beyond 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读notionn.hazardousadj.shuttlen.thespaceshuttleexcursionn.rekindlev.instantaneouslyadv.lifelikeadj.telescopen.thenakedeyeanglev.galaxyn.cosmicadj.conceivablyadv.subatomicadj.particlen.musclen.peppern.discn.重点单词识记__________n.坏影响,阴影__________v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫__________n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员__________adj.很好的,了不起的__________adj.简单的__________n.自我约束,自律__________v.(去)拿来__________v.打喷嚏核心词汇拓展__________adj.平常的→__________adj.例外的;独特的→__________prep.除……外→__________n.例外__________adv.悲惨地,不幸地→__________adj.悲惨的,悲痛的→__________n.悲剧;不幸;遗憾__________v.暂停,中止;悬;挂→__________n.停职;悬浮;暂停;中止__________adj.模仿的,模拟的,仿真的→__________v.模仿;假装;冒充→__________n.(用于人员训练的)模拟装置,模拟器__________v.提交;呈递;屈服→__________n.提交(物);呈递(书);屈服__________adj.看不见的→__________adj.看得见的→__________n.视野核心短语速记习惯于(做)某事castashadowon/over心提到嗓子眼起飞;脱下;突然成功踏上,登上收看;收听reachforthestars由……组成对……的追求/追索向某人挥手计算出;解决;锻炼忙于;从事看不到报名参加primitiveadj.原始的;远古的;简单的principlen.原理;原则;信条processn.过程vt.加工prohibitvt.阻止;禁止provokevt.对……挑衅;激起punctualadj.准时的,守时的purifyvt.使纯净;使纯洁purposen.目的;意图qualityn.质量;性质quantityn.量;数quartern.四分之一;一刻钟queuen.队列vi.排队FollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisaster,spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated,andsomeoftheshuttle’scomponentswereredesigned.(while引导时间状语从句)“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后,航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间,同时调查事故原因,重新设计飞行器的部分零件。Buttherewasneveranydoubtthatmannedflightswouldcontinue.(thereisneveranydoubtthat...)但是毫无疑问,载人飞行将继续下去。Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.(itbe＋v.-ed＋that...)很快,人们认识到,太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。Nothinginhistoryhasallowedustoseesomuchoversuchgreatdistances,fromenormouscloudsofgaswherestarsarebeingborn,tohugeblackholes,andeventonewplanetswherewemightconceivablyfindlife.(where引导定语从句)它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团,到巨型黑洞甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。The500-metredishofthe“EyeofHeaven”,asitisknown,isbeingusedinthesearchfordarkmatter,thoughttobecomposedofsubatomicparticlesinvisibletoordinarytelescopes.(形容词短语作后置定语)众所周知,这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成,一般望远镜是观测不到的。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。castashadowon,awesome,beaccustomedto,tragically,suspendAtpresent,we1.__________observingthenightskywithatelescopeandmostofushavebeenawarethatitisan2.__________invention.Withthehelpofit,wecanseenumberlessstarsinvisibletothenakedeye.However,ourquestisfarbeyondobservingthestars,andwehavebeentryingtoexploremanygalaxiesintheuniverse.Oureffortsnever3.__________,althoughthelossoftheChallengeronce4.__________ourhearts.Withthepurposeofrekindlingyoungpupils’interestinspacetravel,thespaceshuttletookoffon28January1986.Butonlyaminutelater,itexplodedandthelivesofitscrewwere5.__________cutshort.Thesevenheroessacrificed,buttheirspiritswouldinspireustocontinuetoreachforthestars,howeverdistanttheyare.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇suspendv.中止,暂停,推迟;悬,挂;使悬浮(suspensionn.停职;悬浮;暂停,中止)besuspendedfromthejob被停职besuspendedby被……悬挂Ithinkher__________(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.Hewassuspended__________hisfeetandbeatenwithmetalbars.由于正在进行安全检查,生产已被暂停。______________________________,becausethesafetychecksarebeingcarriedout.submitv.提交;呈递;屈服[submissionn.屈服;提交(物);呈递(书)]submitsthtosb将某物提交给某人submit(oneself)to屈从于……Itisrequestedthatyoushouldsubmityourreport__________metomorrow.虽然这名警官被停职,但他拒绝屈从于他们。Althoughtheofficerwassuspended,hedeclinedto_______________them.对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交申请书和相关资料。ThosewhoareinterestedinthesummercampmustbyMay15.be/get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth习惯于(做)某事(accustomedadj.习惯了的;惯常的accustomvt.使习惯于;使适应于)accustomsb/oneselfto(doing)sth使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事MrKingwasaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideandfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.→,MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用形容词短语作状语改写)→,MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)castashadowon/over给……蒙上阴影castdown使失望;使沮丧(多用于被动语态)castout驱逐出去;赶走castoff摆脱掉;抛弃castaway使(船遇难后的幸存者)流落某处;扔掉;浪费(多用于被动语态)用cast短语的正确形式填空：Youmustdevelopself-disciplineandallthesebadhabits.Hewhenheheardthathehadn’tbeeninvitedtoattendthefeast.Ifyouonadesertisland,whatwouldyoumissmost?Tragically,theaccidentthepeopleonthebus.Itbe＋v.-ed＋that...Soon,itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快,人们认识到,太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。it作形式主语而that从句是真正主语的常见句式有：Itbe＋过去分词＋that从句Itbe＋名词词组/adj.＋that从句It＋特殊动词(seem/turnout/occurto/...)sb＋that从句Ithasbeenannounced__________anothermannedspaceshuttlewillbesentupintospacenextyear.Would__________beconvenientforyoutopickmeupatfouro’clockthisafternoon?他突然想到,第二天早上他有一个重要的会议要参加。____________________hehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.很遗憾,这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。_______________theindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.用法点拨在英语中,形式主语或形式宾语只能用it,不能用this,that或其他代词。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.所有的作业将在指定的日期前通过我们的在线学习和课程管理系统“Blackboard”提交。(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn’thearhim.他坚持了几分钟,尖叫着喊他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听见。(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttlesChallengerandColumbia,andthesinkingoftheTitanic.在这本书中,他讲述了挑战者号和哥伦比亚号航天飞机的失事,以及泰坦尼克号的沉没。(2020·天津)Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.正如某个做弟弟的都会告诉你的那样,有一个哥哥就意味着经常走在别人的阴影下,尤其是当你有一个典型的“酷”的哥哥时。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍shadowA.影子B.昏暗处;背光处C.(坏)影响D.少许;一丁点Hisfacewasdeepinshadow,turnedawayfromus.BThekidsarechasingeachother’sshadows.ATheystolethemoney,madeagetawayandlivedundertheshadowoffear.CAshadowofsmiletouchedhismouth.D快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Anotablequestioniswhethertheycantackletheawesometask.__________Heangledhischairsothathecouldsitandwatchher.__________核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识OnceIthrewmyselfintoit,Ihadnodifficultyinworking__________theproblem.Thinkingtwice,Idecidedtosignup__________thebasketballteam.Inthepast,Ifrequentlysubmittedmyself__________difficultiesbutnowIcansparenoefforttohandlethem.Atthesightofthemonster,hesteppedbackwardandmadeagetaway,__________(scream)withterror.Davewassuspended__________schoolandwasunderinvestigationbecausehebroketheschoolrules.__________(accustom)tolivinginthevillage,hedidn’twanttomove.Thereisneveranydoubt__________Chinahasachievedalotinexploringspaceinthepast20years.Theartistwhodevoteshimselftothequest__________perfectionisveryrespectable.单句写作——应用文增分练(邀请朋友参加学校摄影比赛)我们学校将举办一场深受大家欢迎的摄影比赛。(形容词短语作后置定语)听说你对摄影感兴趣让我非常高兴,因此我写信邀请你参加这次活动。(it作形式主语)毫无疑问,参加各种学校活动对我们学生是有益的。(there’sneveranydoubtthat...)你一定会在这场艺术人才云集的摄影比赛中脱颖而出。(where引导定语从句)如果你想加入,你可以在7月1日之前将你的作品提交至photocontest@school.com.(submit)微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写become/beaccustomedto习惯于(做)某事castashadowon/over给……蒙上阴影screamv.(因疼痛,惊恐,兴奋等)尖声大叫suspendv.暂停;中止;悬;挂submitv.提交;呈递;屈服sneezev.打喷嚏fetchv.(去)拿来人物描写straightforwardadj.简单的;直接的crewn.(飞机上的)全体机组人员;全体船员其他描写词汇hazardousadj.危险的,不安全的unexceptionaladj.平常的tragicallyadv.悲惨地,不幸地instantaneouslyadv.瞬间地lifelikeadj.生动的,逼真的awesomeadj.很好的,了不起的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。汤姆习惯于在安静的环境中做作业。所以当有一天,他听到一些人在惊恐地尖叫,他意识到发生了一些危险的事情。汤姆打开公寓门去查看。瞬间,一股浓烟使他打喷嚏又咳嗽。与此同时,他能感觉到天花板上悬挂的灯在晃动。原来是一家商店着火了。汤姆冲出门,沿着走廊穿过烟雾去取水灭火。不幸的是,他公寓里的所有物品都被彻底烧毁了。半小时后,消防队员赶到了,所有人都松了一口气。老实说,这场火灾给他的生活蒙上了一层阴影。Tominquietsurroundings.Therefore,onedaywhenhe,herealizedsomethinghazardoushappened.Tomopenedthedoorofhisflattoinvestigate.Instantaneously,athickcloudofsmoke.Meanwhile,hecouldfeltthelampsuspendedfromtheceilingwasshaking.Itprovedthatashophadcaughtfire.Tomrushedoutthedoor,alongthecorridor,throughthesmoketofetchwatertoputoutthefire.Tragically,allhisbelongingsintheflatweretotallydestroyed.Halfanhourlater,thefirefightersarrived.Allthepeople.Tobehonest,thefirehislife.词形变化填空(每小题3分,共15分)Wenormallyrespondtoarticlesubmissionsthataresubmittedwithinsixweeks.(submit)Tragically,onedaywhileswimming,shewasdrowneddeepinthesea.Whatatragedy!(tragic)Manystarsoverheadareinvisibletothenakedeyewhilemanyothersarevisible.(visible)Allexceptionalexpertswithoutexceptionhaveparticipatedinthecompetition.(except)Theactivityhastobesuspendedduetosomethingunexpected,andnooneknowshowlongthesuspensionwilllast.(suspend)选词填空(每小题