2019外研社版高中英语选修三 Unit 6 Nature in words 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读secrecyn.保密,秘密状态shavingn.刮胡子flushv.(使)发红plumn.李子;梅子faintlyadv.微弱地;模糊地disposev.排列,布置sparklen.闪耀,闪光reddenv.(使)变红glaren.刺眼的强光flaken.小薄片weathercockn.(公鸡形)风标churchn.教堂rhymen.儿歌,童谣alabastern.雪花石膏goosen.鹅feathern.羽毛bloomv.开花bleakadj.阴冷的;阴郁的fadev.逐渐消失;褪色orchardn.果园clustern.串,丛,簇wheatn.小麦pilev.堆放,摞起tingev.着淡色于……wagonn.四轮运货车reapv.收割(庄稼)backyardn.后院moribundadj.垂死的,奄奄一息的tremblev.颤抖,发抖throbv.生机勃勃;热闹chorusn.合唱曲robinn.知更鸟catbirdn.猫鹊doven.鸽子jayn.松鸦wrenn.鹪鹩(一种褐色小鸟)marshn.沼泽,湿地fablen.寓言alertv.提醒,使(某人)意识到knowinglyadv.故意地gypsymoth舞毒蛾posthumousadj.死后获得的marineadj.海洋的diamondn.钻石重点单词识记insistv.坚称,坚决认为prospectn.开阔的景观,景色enhancev.改进;增强sweepv.吹过;掠过banv.禁止,取缔dozennumber一打;许多thoroughadj.仔细的;缜密的preciseadj.精确的;一丝不苟的launchn.推出,发起reputationn.名誉,名望核心词汇拓展weeklyadj.一周一次的,每周的→weekn.星期,一周inspectorn.检查员,巡视员→inspectv.检查,巡视→inspectionn.检查;查看;视察bendv.变弯曲→bentadj.弯曲的innocentadj.天真无邪的→innocencen.天真无邪;无辜charmn.魅力,魔力→charmingadj.迷人的gentleadj.轻柔的;温和的→gentlyadv.轻柔地;温和地puzzledadj.困惑的,无法理解的→puzzlen.谜;不解之谜v.迷惑;使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的elegancen.优美;简洁→elegantadj.优美的,优雅的;简练的,简洁的→elegantlyadv.优雅地passionateadj.具有强烈信念的→passionn.强烈情感;激情核心短语速记talkaway喋喋不休,不断地谈comearound/round短暂访问breakout爆发alertsbtosth提醒,使某人意识到某事causeharmto对……造成危害urgesbtodosth督促某人做某事becomeatargetfor成为……的目标standby坚持,信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言)attheriskof冒着……的危险dozensof几十;很多regard...as...把……视为;把……当作ratherthan而不是modestadj.谦虚的;谦逊的monumentn.纪念碑,纪念物moraladj.道德上的motivationn.动机;动力motorn.发动机adj.有引擎的;汽车的motton.箴言,格言mountainousadj.多山的mournvt.哀痛;哀悼mouthfuln.满口,一口multiplyvt.&vi.乘;(使)增加;繁殖murdervt.谋杀musiciann.音乐家;乐师Thefactis,however,thatthesnowwasasstrangeandfascinatingtomeasitwastothem.(that引导表语从句)事实上,这场雪于我而言,也是同样的奇异,同样的迷人。Thenthesuncameout,andbythetimeIhadsatdowntobreakfastitwasshiningbravelyandflushingthesnowwithdelicatepinks.(bythetime引导的时间状语从句)接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。Thisisnotsomuchbecauseofthequalityofherarguments,strongthoughtheyare,butbecauseofthebeautyandeleganceofherwriting.(not...but...)这并不都是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力,而是因为她美丽和高雅的文笔让读者喜欢。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。prospect,dozen,bend,tremble,puzzledKnownasaninspector,Mikeinsistedthatheshouldmakeaweeklyexaminationontheproductionprocedureofthefactorycarefully.Onemorning,hegotup,washed,shavedandthenhewentouttowork.Suddenly,therewassomethingonthegroundsohe1.bentdownandfoundsomefeathersofgoose.Inthedistance,heheardtherhymebeingsungfromthechurch.Whata2.prospect！Hesighedandcontinuedhiswaytohiscompany.Therehesawsomecleanerssweepingthegroundthoroughlyandseveralworkerswerebusyunloadingsomepilesofwheatfromthewagon.Hewas3.puzzled;therefore,hequestionedthemwhattheyweredoinginagentlevoice.Theworkersansweredina4.tremblingvoicethattheydidnothingwrong.However,Mikewasalerttothatandhefound5.dozensoffaultsinwhattheyhadsaid.Hethoughtithisdutytoprotectthereputationofthecompanyandavoidanymistakesthatwouldhappen.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇insistv.坚称,坚决认为insist作“坚持要求;坚持主张”讲时,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即动词用“(should＋)do”;作“坚持说;坚持认为”讲时,其后的从句用陈述语气。insiston/upon(sb/sb’s)(doing)sth坚持要求(某人)(做)某事Thedoctorinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatshe(should)beoperated(operate)onimmediately.ThoughIpreferredcyclingtothecompany,heinsistedthatheshoulddrivemethere.→ThoughIpreferredcyclingtothecompany,heinsistedon/upondrivingmethere.我们老师坚决要求我们要意识到自己动手的重要性。Ourteacherinsistedthatwe(should)realizetheimportanceofworkingwithourownhands.banvt.明令禁止;取缔n.禁令bansbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事abanon对……的禁令近义短语：prohibit/forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事Whalesareprotectedbyaninternationalbanonwhaling.为了创建更干净的环境,禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。Tocreatecleanersurroundings,everyoneisbannedfromlitteringeverywhere.(ban)Tocreatecleanersurroundings,everyoneisforbiddenfromlittering/tolittereverywhere.(forbid)puzzledadj.困惑的;感到迷惑的[puzzlev.迷惑,(使)困惑n.智力游戏;不解之谜;疑问puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的]bepuzzledat/about对……迷惑不解apuzzledlook/expression一脸迷惑apuzzletosb一件让某人感到困惑的事情Afterhearingthenews,theinspectorhadapuzzled(puzzle)lookonhisface.消防员们对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。Thecauseofthefirewasapuzzletothefiremen.(puzzlen.)Thefiremenwerepuzzledat/aboutthecauseofthefire.(puzzledadj.)Whatpuzzledthefiremenwasthecauseofthefire.(puzzlev.;主语从句)regard...as...把……视为;把……当作……(regardn.注意,关注;关心;问候vt.将……认为;看待)with/inregardto关于giveone’sregardstosb代某人向某人问候regardlessof不管;不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)Ifyouseeyourgentleuncle,givehimmyregards(regard).尽管面临巨大的挑战,阿里(Ali)还是把跑步比赛当作了一次为妹妹赢得一双新鞋的机会。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒,阿里还是跳了起来,冲向终点线。至于结果,阿里赢得了三等奖,获得了新鞋,像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。Regardlessofgreatchallenges,Aliregardedtherunningraceasanopportunitytowinanewpairofshoesforhissister.Despiteanunexpectedfallduringtherace,Alijumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.With/Inregardtotheresult,Aliwonthethirdprize,gotthenewshoes,andflewtohishomelikeabird.ratherthan而不是;与其……不如……eq\b\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdoAthandoB,woulddoAratherthandoB,prefertodoAratherthandoB,preferdoingAtodoingB))宁愿做A而不愿做Botherthan除了……;除……之外orrather更确切地说morethan很;非常;超过;不仅仅YouratherthanIare(be)responsibleforthelossofyourreputation.星期天,我宁愿出去锻炼也不愿待在家里玩电脑游戏。IprefertotakesomeexerciseoutsideratherthanplaycomputergamesathomeonSundays.(prefer...ratherthan...)IwouldrathertakesomeexerciseoutsidethanplaycomputergamesathomeonSundays.(wouldrather...than...)IwouldtakesomeexerciseoutsideratherthanplaycomputergamesathomeonSundays.(would...ratherthan...)IprefertakingsomeexerciseoutsidetoplayingcomputergamesathomeonSundays.(prefer...to...)用法点拨ratherthan连接两个成分作主语时,其谓语动词的数通常与前面的主语保持一致。bythetime引导时间状语从句Thenthesuncameout,andbythetimeIhadsatdowntobreakfastitwasshiningbravelyandflushingthesnowwithdelicatepinks.接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。bythetime＋从句(一般过去时),主句时态为过去完成时。bythetime＋从句(一般现在时),主句时态为一般将来时或将来完成时。bytheendof＋过去时间,句子时态为过去完成时。bytheendof＋将来时间,句子时态为将来完成时。Bythetimethisletterreachesyou,Iwillhaveleft(leave)thecountry.Bythetimethedoctorarrivedatthespot,thepatienthaddied(die).Hehadfinished(finish)readingAesop’sFablesbytheendoflastyear.Nextyearhewillbe22andhewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.→Bythetimeheis22,hewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.(用bythetime引导的时间状语从句改写)(2022新高考全国Ⅱ)Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers...在过去的七年里,大多数州都禁止司机发短信……(2022全国乙)Theysimplyinsistonmutualrecognitionandregard.他们只是坚持相互的承认和尊重。(2021全国乙)Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthenreplied：“Ohthisisn’tforthecareIhad.Itakethatasagiven.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”这名患者看上去很困惑,然后回答道：“哦,这钱不是因为我受到的护理。我认为那理所当然。这钱是因为你昨天帮我做了头发。”(2021全国甲)Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.南岸位于泰晤士河东部的一个拐弯处,是英国滑板运动的中心,在那里滑板的持续碰撞让你的头嗡嗡响。(2020全国Ⅰ)Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.工程师们还在努力开发一种开关“电闸”,当暴露在日光下时,光线就会消失。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍launchA.推出，发布(新产品)B.发射C.发动Wewilllaunchthemoonrocketnextweek.BHeplanstolaunchabigattackontheenemy.CIfacompanylaunchesanewproduct,itmakesitavailabletothepublic.AstandbyA.做好准备B.袖手旁观C.遵守(诺言，协议等)Howcanyoustandbyandseethearchitectaccusedofsomethinghedidn’tdo?BThetroopsarestandingbyandwillnotwithdraw.AThephysicianpromisedtostandbyeverywordhesaid.C快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Herushedtogreether,sweepinghisarmswide.挥动,舞动(手、臂等)Twoalertscientistsfoundthattherewassomethingwrongwiththeradar.警觉的核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Dozensofvolunteershavebeenassignedtodisposeofthegarbagesincelastweek.John,ratherthanhisroommates,is(be)toblameforthepollutionofthepond.Althoughrejected,Jamesinsistedthatshe(should)come(come)downtowntoexplainthis.Inmyopinion,keepingdogsshouldnotbebanned(ban),butlimitedtocertainareas.Thatwasreallyapuzzlingproblem;nowonderthearchitectlookedpuzzled.(puzzle)Itwastoocoldoutsideandthegirlstoodinfrontofthecottage,trembling(tremble)withcold.Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.Thesingerisregardedasarepresentativeoftheyouthofhergeneration.单句写作——应用文增分练(不能适应新学校,向朋友求助)我很困惑如何跟他人相处,我已经被困扰一段时间了。(bepuzzledabout)Iampuzzledabouthowtofitinwithothers,whichhasbeentroublingmeforawhile.事实是,这些天我不能集中精力上课,我觉得在这所学校里被冷落了。(that引导表语从句)ThefactisthatIcannotconcentrateonmylessonsthesedaysandfeelleftoutinthisschool.我试图让自己对这里的生活更有激情,但没有成功。(passionate)Itriedtobemorepassionateaboutmylifehere,butinvain.如果你能给我一些建议,让我的新学校生活更轻松,我将不胜感激。(make＋宾语＋宾补)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldoffermesomeadvicethat/whichcanmakemynewschoollifeeasier.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写insistv.坚持;坚称,坚决认为flushv.(使)发红;脸红bendv.变弯曲sweepv.吹过;掠过;打扫enhancev.增强;改进banv.禁止pilev.堆起tremblev.颤抖人物描写inspectorn.检查员puzzledadj.困惑的;无法理解的passionateadj.具有强烈信念的elegantadj.优美的→elegancen.优雅reputationn.名誉;名望gentleadj.温柔的→gentlyadv.柔和地环境描写bloomv.开花wheatn.小麦prospectn.开阔的景观;景色[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。因为在过去的两年里,我一直保持着冠军的地位,我被选中参加比赛。我的老师Sara女士坚持让我为比赛多多练习。我撒谎说：“我喉咙有点痛。”我甚至告诉她不要担心,因为我对任何事情都不困惑。然而,当我走上舞台时,我的手掌出汗,声音颤抖。最终,我走下舞台,羞愧得满脸通红。我对Sara女士说：“我本应该练习以提高我的能力。”她低下头,温柔地告诉我,为一切做好充分的准备是很重要的。Havingheldthechampionshipforthepasttwoyears,Iwaschosentoparticipateinthecompetition.Myteacher,MsSara,insistedthatI(should)practicemoreforthecontest.“Ihaveabitofsorethroat,”Ilied.IeventoldhernottoworryasIwasnotpuzzledaboutanything.However,whenIsteppedonthestage,mypalmssweatedheavilyandmyvoicetrembled.Finally,Iwalkedoffthestageandflushedwithshame.“Ishouldhavepracticedtoenhancemyability,”IsaidtoMsSara.Bendingherhead,shegentlytoldmethatgettingwellpreparedforeverythingwasofgreatimportance.词形变化填空(每小题2分,共12分)Alltheproofprovedhisinnocence,sothelawyercancertainlyprovethatheisinnocent.(innocence)Manypeopleatthecent