2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit2MoralsandVirtues教师用书新人教版必修第三册

Unit2MoralsandVirtuesⅠ．词块记单词1．exploretheimportanceofmoralvaluesandvirtues探讨道德价值和美德的重要性2．preciouslife宝贵的生命3．thetraditionalpathofmarriage传统的婚姻道路4．thehightuitionfees高昂的学费5．behiredasaresidentphysician被聘为住院医师6．overthenextseveraldecades在接下来的几十年里7．tendpatients照料病人8．publishmedicalresearch发布医学研究9．leavehersavingstoakindergarten把她的积蓄留给一个幼儿园10．themainprinciple主要原则11．passivechildren被动的孩子12．healthcareandhealthinsurance医疗保健和健康保险13．replacethesecretary取代秘书14．whispersomethingintohisear对他耳语几句15．higherimportandexportcosts较高的进出口成本16．biteherlip咬她的嘴唇17．prefermoreflexibleworkhours更喜欢较灵活的工作时间18．aquestionabouttensionsbetweendoctorsandpatients一个关于医患矛盾的问题Ⅱ．语境记单词1．Themajorityofthestudentsinourclassliketomajorincomputerscienceincollege．(major)2．AnumberofcomplaintsaboutthestandardofserviceonBritain'srailwaysarereceivedandmanypeoplearecomplaining．(complain)3．Noneofthestudentsrespondedtoherquestion;thatistosay,herquestionfailedtogetaresponsefromanyofthestudents．(respond)4．Muchtohisdisappointment,hisapplicationwasrejectedbythecompanyandhereceivedarejectionletter．(reject)5．Rosewasappointedtoactassecretary．NowsheismakinganappointmentwiththemanagerofMarketingDepartment．(appoint)6．Thelittleboyneedsapencilsharpenertosharpenhispencil．(sharp)7．Look!Theseseniorsaresoenergetic．Ireallyadmiretheirenergy．(energy)8．Theoperatorisoperatingthebigmachineaccordingtotheoperationguidance．(operate)9．Tomisanassistantteacherinthecollege．Heoftenassiststhestudentswiththeirproblemsandgivesassistancetoanystudentinneed．(assist)10．Eatingtoomucheverydayisharmfultoourhealth;thatistosay,eatingtoomucheverydaydoesharmtoourhealth．(harm)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Thecarransofastthatitcrashedinto(撞到)atree．2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Itdidn'ttakelongbeforehepickedhimselfup(振作起来)againandcontinuedhismission．3．Thefishermantrippedover(被……绊倒)arootandfellintotheriver．4．Mostofuswereintears(流着泪；含着泪)bythetimehe'dfinishedhisstory．5．Afterhearingthebadnews,hesoongaveuptheattemptindespair(处于绝望中)．6．It'ssaidthatafilmwillbemadeinmemoryof(作为对……的纪念)thosebravefirefighters．7．Ourfriendshiphascarriedmethrough(帮助某人渡过难关)alotofdifficultexperiences．8．Postmenareresponsiblefor(对……负责)thedeliveryoflettersandparcelstoeveryhousehold．9．“Fatherofhybridrice”YuanLongpingpassedaway(去世)onMay22,2021inChangsha．10．Onceuponatime(从前)therewasabeautifulprincess．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(否定词＋比较级)ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealisednobodywashappierthanIwas．2．大多数人都知道居里夫人是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女士。(不定式作定语)MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize．3．我们到了这样一个阶段：为了挽救我们自己，我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。(含有抽象地点名词的定语从句)Wehavereachedastagewhere/inwhichwemusttakeeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentsoastosaveourselves．4．过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每人头上顶(balance)着一壶水。(独立主格结构)Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead．5．没有动力，你既无法制定目标也无法实现目标。(neither...nor...)Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit．1．majorityn．大部分；大多数[素养佳句]Whenitcomestoeducation,themajorityofpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy．谈及教育时，大部分人认为教育是一生的学习。(1)themajorityof...大多数……beinthemajority大多数(2)majorn．&v．专业；主修majorin主修……；以……为专业(3)minorityn．少数beintheminority占少数——单句语法填空①Studentscanchangemajors(major),butrememberthatthere'snorelivingacertainsemester．②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)However,themajorityofpeopleare(be)effectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．③Infact,heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld．——词汇升级Ithinkmostpeoplewouldagreethatit'sunhealthytoliveinthepast．④Ithinkthemajorityofpeoplewouldagreethatit'sunhealthytoliveinthepast．“the/amajorityof＋名词”表示“大多数”，谓语动词的单复数形式与of后面的名词相一致；themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。2．respondvt．回答；回复vi．做出反应；回应[素养佳句]Don'trespondtoanyemailsrequestingpersonalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook．不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。(1)respondto对……做出反应；答复……(2)responsen．回应，反应，回答inresponseto对……做出反应；回答——单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷听力)Hetookmetothemuseum,andIrespondedverystronglytowhatIsawonthewallsthere．②Inresponse(respond)totheaudience'sgreatdemand,theplaywillbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek．——一句多译我想知道他为什么不回复我的建议。③Iwanttoknowwhyhedidn'trespondtomysuggestion．(respond)④Iwanttoknowwhyhemadenoresponsetomysuggestion．(response)respondto,inresponseto,makearesponseto中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。3．appointvt．任命；委派[素养佳句]Yesterday,Samwasappointedasmanageroftheengineeringdepartment．昨天，萨姆被任命为工程部经理。(1)appointsb．as/tobe...任命某人为……appointsb．todosth．委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn．任命；指派；约会；约定make/haveanappointmentwithsb．与某人有约keep/breakanappointment守约/违约cancel/calloffanappointment取消约会(3)appointedadj．指定的；约定的——单句语法填空①Tomwasappointed(appoint)asmanagerofthefirmandhesparednoefforttoworkforit．②Iwasappointedtotake(take)chargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesonthatday．③MyteachermadeasuggestionthatIshouldapologisetoyouforfailingtokeeptheappointment(appoint)．——句式升级Hewasappointedascaptainofthebasketballteamandledtheplayerstothe2019FIBABasketballWorldCup．④Appointedascaptainofthebasketballteam,heledtheplayerstothe2019FIBABasketballWorldCup．(过去分词短语作状语)4．tendvt．照顾；照料vi．倾向；趋于[素养佳句]WiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,morepeopletendtosendelectroniccardsinsteadofpapercardstotheirfriendsandrelatives．随着互联网的发展，更多人倾向于给他们的朋友和亲戚发送电子贺卡而不是纸质贺卡。(1)tend(to)sb．/sth．照料，护理某人/某事tendtodosth．易于做某事；往往会发生某事(2)tendencyn．倾向；趋势haveatendencytodosth．有做某事的倾向——单句语法填空①(2022·北京卷)Oftenduetovariouspressures,wetendtoignore(ignore)ourhealth．②Thesortofmusichelistenstovaries,buthetendstopopularmusic．③Thereisagrowingtendency(tend)forpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices．——一句多译据报道，房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。④Itisreportedthathousingpricestendtodecreaseinsomecities．(tend)⑤Itisreportedthathousingpriceshaveatendencytodecreaseinsomecities．(tendency)5．replacevt．接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处[素养佳句](2020·全国Ⅰ卷)We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday．我们正思考如何设计植物来取代我们日常使用的东西的功能。(1)replace...with/by...用……替换；以……接替(2)taketheplaceof/takeone'splace代替inplaceof.../inone'splace代替(3)replacementn．[U]更换；替换[C]替换的人(物)——单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷改编)Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedwith/bymudoverice．②Mostscientistsagreethatcomputerscan'tcompletelytaketheplaceofhumans．③Itwasdifficulttofindareplacement(replace)forTed．——一句多译找一个人来代替现在的校长是不容易的。④Itwouldbedifficulttofindamaninplaceofthepresentheadmaster．(inplaceof)⑤Itwouldbedifficulttofindamantoreplacethepresentheadmaster．(replace)⑥Itwouldbedifficulttofindamantotaketheplaceofthepresentheadmaster．(taketheplaceof)(1)inplaceof为介词短语，不可单独作谓语；(2)replace,takeone'splace和taketheplaceof是动词(短语)，可作谓语。6．whispervi．&vt．悄声说；耳语；低语n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传[素养佳句]Theyaretalkinginawhisperinordernottowakeupthesleepingbaby．他们低声说话，以免吵醒熟睡的婴儿。(1)whispersth．tosb．向某人低声说……(2)inawhisper/whispers低声地；耳语地——单句语法填空①“I'mterriblysorryaboutthegift，”shewhisperedtome．②“Hello,Sir，”thelittlegirlspokealmostinawhisper．——一句多译人们私下说，他正在准备一个惊喜聚会。③Thepeoplewhisperedthathewaspreparingabigparty．(whisperv．)④Thepeoplesaidinawhisper/whispersthathewaspreparingabigparty．(whispern．)⑤Thepeoplesaidinalowvoicethathewaspreparingabigparty．(voice)⑥Itwaswhisperedthathewaspreparingabigparty．(it作形式主语)7．assistvt．帮助；援助[素养佳句](2021·全国乙卷)Ilovedoinghousework．Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishesaftermeals．我喜欢做家务。饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。——单句语法填空①(2021·全国甲卷写作)Withyourassistance(assist),Iwillmakefullpreparationsforthemeeting．②Thatday,alongwiththebarbertherewasanassistant(assist),whohadrecentlyjoinedtheshop．③Herearesomegoodsourcesofinformationtoassistyoutomake(make)thebestselection．——一句多译帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。④Itismydutytoassistmymotherwiththehousework．(assistsb．withsth．)⑤Itismydutytoassistmymothertodothehousework．(assistsb．todosth．)⑥Itismydutytoassistmymotherindoingthehousework．(assistsb．indoingsth．)8．harmn．&vt．伤害；损害[素养佳句]Theconclusionisthattoomuchlovewilldoharmtothecharacterdevelopmentofchildren．结论是，过多的爱会损害孩子的性格发展。(1)doharmto对……造成伤害Thereisnoharmindoingsth．做某事无害处。(2)harmfuladj．有害的；造成伤害的beharmfulto...对……有害(3)harmlessadj．无害的；无恶意的——单句语法填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful(harm)．②Pleasetellmehowtotellapoisonoussnakefromaharmless(harm)snake．③AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnoharminmakinganapologytohimfirst．——一句多译众所周知，吃太多的垃圾食品危害我们的健康。④Weallknowthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodharmsourhealth．(harmv．)⑤Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfooddoesharmtoourhealth．(harmn．)⑥Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisharmfultoourhealth．(harmful)9．carrysb．throughsth．帮助某人渡过难关[素养佳句]Itwasherfamilymembers'loveandcarethatcarriedherthroughthattoughperiod．是家人的关爱帮助她度过了那段艰难的时期。carryout执行carryaround随身携带carryoff成功地完成；赢得；获得(奖项)carryondoing/with...继续做……——单句语法填空①ChineseathleteZhangYufeicarriedofffourmedalsatthe2020TokyoOlympics．②Inmyopinion,theplanshouldbecarriedoutimmediately．③Notonlyaretheysweetanddelicious,buttheyareeasytocarryaround,soyoucantakethemanywhere．——完成句子④Whatevertheresultoftheexaminationswillbeintheend,Iwillcarry/keep/goonstudyingandmakemeausefulpersontosociety．无论考试的结果如何，我都将继续学习，使我成为一个对社会有用的人。⑤Thesewords,passeddownfromtheancienttimes,willcarrymethrougheveryadversityandmaintainmylifeinbalance．这些话从远古流传下来，将帮我渡过每一个逆境，使我的生活保持平衡。10．inmemoryof纪念；追念；作为对……的纪念[素养佳句](2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight．评委将选出多达50名优胜者，每人将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。inhonourof为了纪念；为向……表示敬意insearchof寻找infavourof支持；赞同inchargeof掌管inviewof鉴于；由于inneedof需要inpraiseof赞扬intermsof就……而言；从……角度——用恰当的“in＋n．＋of”型短语填空①WiththeDragonBoatFestivalapproaching,weareplanningtoholdadragonboatraceinmemory/honourofthefamouspoet,QuYuan．②Tiredastheyare,therescuersarestillinsearchofthemissingpeopleintheflashfloods．③ManystudentsareinfavourofwearingthetraditionalChineseclothes．④I'llbeinchargeofthewholefactorynextweekwhenthemanagerisaway．⑤Inviewoftheincreaseddemandforourproducts,wewishtoappointanagent．——完成句子⑥AmonumentwassetupinmemoryofthosewholosttheirlivesinWorldWarⅡ．人们建了一座纪念碑以纪念那些在第二次世界大战中失去生命的人们。11．先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句[素养佳句]She'sgotherselfintoadangeroussituationwhere/inwhichshe'slikelytoloseherlife．她使自己陷入危险境地，在那里她可能会失去自己的生命。(1)当先行词是stage,point,spot,case,situation,position,scene,family等表示抽象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺少状语时，常用关系副词where来引导定语从句，相当于inwhich。(2)注意：抽象名词后面的定语从句若缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which来引导。——单句语法填空①Ourclassisawarmfamily,wherewecareforandencourageeachother．②ThenIgottothepointwhereIwasstayingupreallylateatnighttogetmyworkdone．③Theirchildisatthestagewhereshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences．④Withthedevelopmentoftourism,securityisbecomingakeypointthat/whichtouristsareconcernedabout．——完成句子⑤Worryingneverhelpsinasituationthat/whichyoucan'tchange．对于你无法改变的情况，发愁于事无补。⑥Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong．他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。12．the＋序数词＋n．＋todosth．[素养佳句]Chinaisthefirstcountrytolaunchaquantum-enabledsatelliteintospace．中国是第一个向太空发射量子卫星的国家。(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，next,only,last等限定时，通常用动词不定式作定语。(2)动词不定式作定语还可以修饰抽象名词，如：ability,chance,ambition,attempt,belief等。——单句语法填空①DrYuanLongpingbecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrow(grow)ricethathasahighoutput．②Beijinghasbecomethefirstcitytohost(host)bothSummerandWinterOlympicGames．③Theabilitytoexpress(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself．④MarieCuriewasthefirstscientistintheworldtobeawarded(award)theNobelPrizetwice．——完成句子⑤Asisknowntousall,Chinaisthethirdcountryintheworldtosendmentospace．众所周知，中国是世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。选词填空agreatdealof;passaway;pickoneselfup;indespair;tripover;decade;intears;energetic;flexible;scared1．Themomenthecaughtsightofhismother,thelittleboystoodthere,lookingathismotherintears．2．Totellthetruth,Iwasindespairatthatmoment．3．(2022·浙江卷6月写作)Asthelineofpeoplecametowardme,Igotalittlescared．4．Inthepark,athree-year-oldchildpickedhimselfupwithouthismother'shelp．5．Humourcanmakeoneenergeticinhiswork,study,andlife．6．Whenweheardthenewsthatsomefirefighterspassedawayinthebattleagainstthebigfire,weallfeltverysad．7．Inrecentyears,agreatdealofrubbishhasbeenpouredintotheriver,whichsmellsterrible．8．Theyoungmantrippedoverastoneinthemiddleoftheroadandgotinjured．9．Inthelasttwodecades,advancesinmedicaltechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforpeopletolivelongerthaninthepast．10．We'llpayforyourtrainingbeforethisfallandcanalsoofferflexiblesummertutoringchances．Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain，”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory．adj．道德的2．(2021·浙江卷6月)ThesummerbeforemyeighthgradeIwasoneofagroupofboysthataneighboringfarmerhiredtoworkinhisfield．vt．雇用3．(2020·浙江卷1月)WhenImademymajorlifedecisions,Iwasstillthatlittlegirltearingfull-speedacrossthelawn．v．狂奔Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2022·全国乙卷)Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard．BA．n．企业 B．n．经营C．n．手术 D．n．运转2．(2020·浙江卷7月改编)Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage．BA．adj．锋利的 B．adj．敏捷的C．adj．急剧的3．(2022·全国乙卷)Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety．CA．n．储蓄B．n．挽救C．n．节约Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Sodelightedwasshethatshehuggedthetwinstightly,tearsofjoywellingupinhereyes．她太高兴了，紧紧地拥抱着双胞胎，高兴的泪水夺眶而出。2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Shockedandproud,theirmothersaidinasweetwhisper,“Thanks,mykids．”他们的母亲感到又惊讶又骄傲，她温柔地对他们说：“谢谢，孩子们。”Ⅰ．单词拼写1．(2022·全国甲卷)Therealizationthatthisisaprecious(宝贵的)land,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni．2．Theboywhowonthescholarship(奖学金)wasquiteanoutstandingstudent．3．InChina,itisavirtue(美德)andtraditiontorespectteachers．4．Thegovernmenthasimposedstrictcontrolsovertheimport(进口)ofluxurygoods．5．Myparentslivedinasmallfaraway(遥远的)villageinthenorth．6．Awaveoftension(紧张)flashingonhisface,theboystoodupinstantly．7．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Roadaccidents(事故),whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply．8．Itwaswellaftermidnight(午夜)bythetimeAnnereturnedtoherapartment．Ⅱ．单句语法填空1．Hecomplainedtousthatthisprinterdidn'tfunctionatall．2．Theysatatthebackoftheroom，talkinginwhispers(whisper)．3．Wewereallscared(scare)todeathwhenwefoundthegroundwasshaking．4．Hetriedtojointhearmybutwasrejected(reject)becauseofhispoorhealth．5．Everyyearinthiscountrymorethan50，000childrenarebitten(bite)bydogs．6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Asourdistinguishedforeignlanguageteacher,yourassistance(assist)canhelpusagreatdeal．7．Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmoreenergetic(energy)．8．Shecannotbeartowatchthefilmbecauseofthebadmemories(memory)itbringsback．9．Thankstotheretired(retire)teacher,Helenmanagedtofinishherhighschooleducation．Ⅲ．补全句子1．下课了，蔡老师建议我通过补课来赶上其他人。(独立主格结构)Classover,MsCaiadvisedmetocatchupwiththeothersbyhavingextralessons．2．不从错误中吸取教训，我们既不能提高技能，也不能实现我们的目标。(neither...nor...)Withoutlearningalessonfromourmistakes,wewouldneitherimproveskillsnorrealiseourgoals．3．我能想出许多情况，学生知道许多英语单词和短语却写不出好文章。(先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句)Icanthinkofmanycaseswhere/inwhichstudentsknewquiteafewEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn'twriteagoodessay．4．他将于下月出版的第一本书是根据一个真实故事改编的。(不定式作定语)Hisfirstbooktobepublishednextmonthisbasedonatruestory．课时质量评价(十三)必修第三册UNIT2主题语境：优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任Ⅰ．阅读理解JoseAlbertoGutierrez'slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthetrash20yearsago．Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingbooksthatwerethrownaway．Itlithisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthetrash．Heusedtotakehomebetween50and60bookseverymorningafterhisnine-hourshiftthatranfrom9p．m．to6a．m．Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow-incomefamilies．Colombia'scapitalcityofBogotahas13millionresidentsand19publiclibraries．However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive．Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon-existentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet．Gutierrez'slibraryistruerepresentationofhowoneman'strashcanbeanother'streasure．Havingaccesstoalibraryofbooksandbeingtakenawayinstantlytoanotherworldwhileabsorbedinabookisaluxuryforthekids．“Ithinkwearesimplyabridgebetweenpeoplewhohavebooksandthosewhodon'thaveanything，”hesaidhumblyabouthisremarkableattempt．Gutierrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool．Nevertheless,hismotherwasaneagerreaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight．HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutierrez,whoneverletalackofformaleducationstophimfromreadingclassics．Heoncesaid,“There'snothingmorebeautifulthanhavingabookinyourpocket,inyourbagorinsideyourcar．”Today,hislibrary,titled“TheStrengthofWords”，occupiesmostofhishome,andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon-fictiontitles．Hehasalsoropedinhisfamilytoexpandthismission．MrsGutierrez,forexample,selectsandrepairsthebooksherhusbandfinds．Aswordbegantospreadabouthisamazingproject,fifty-six-year-oldGutierrezearnedhimselfthenickname“LordoftheBooks”．Inspiteofallthis,Gutierrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday．Hecontinuestosearchbinsforreadingmaterial．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为了让贫困的孩子也能读书，垃圾收集员Gutierrez将富人区扔掉的书收集起来建立了社区图书馆，从而既节约了资源，又让贫穷的孩子有书可读。1．WhatisGutierrezbyoccupation?A．Apubliclibrarian．B．Aprofessionaldriver．C．Atrashcollector．D．Ashiftworkerinaplant．C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingbooksthatwerethrownaway．”可知，Gutierrez的职业是垃圾收集员。故选C。2．WhatisaluxuryforthekidsinGutierrez'scommunity?A．Enjoyingpleasurefromreading．B．Havingtheirownreallibrary．C．Thedistancefrompubliclibraries．D．Thechoicesofbuyingnewbooks．A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Havingaccesstoalibraryofbooks...whileabsorbedinabookisaluxuryforthekids．”可知，对于Gutierrez的社区的孩子们而言，能享受阅读的乐趣是一种奢侈。故选A。3．WhatreallymotivatedGutierreztostarthislibraryforunderprivilegedchildren?A．Anassignmenttorescuerejectedbooks．B．Apassionforreadingsincechildhood．C．Apityontheunderprivileged．D．Adesiretomakeadifference．B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutierrez,whoneverletalackofformaleducationstophimfromreadingclassics．”可知，正是他对阅读的热爱激发了他建立社区图书馆的想法。故选B。4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LordoftheBooksB．FromTrashtoTreasureC．TheStrengthofWordsD．ABridgebetweenPeopleB标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow-incomefamilies．”可知，文章主要讲述了为了让贫困的孩子也能读书，垃圾收集员Gutierrez将富人区扔掉的书收集起来建立了社区图书馆的故事。他所做的事就是一种变废为宝的行为。故选B。Ⅱ．完形填空(2022·青岛一模)EradajereOleitathinksshemayhavegotsomethingaboutthe1totwoofhercountry'sproblems:garbageandpoverty．ItiscalledtheChip(薯片)BagProject．The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistisaskinga2oflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowemptychipbagsintogarbagecans,3themsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthe4．Chipeaters5theiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelpers6them．Aftertheydisinfect(消毒)thechipbagsinsoapyhotwater,theyslicethemopen,7themflat,andironthemtogether．Thentheyusecottonandliners(衬层)fromoldcoatstolinetheinsides．Ittakesaboutfourhoursto8asleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,9onwhetherthey'resingle-serveorfamilysize．Sinceitsstartin2020,theChipBagProjecthas10110sleepingbags．Sure,itwouldbe11toraisethemoneytobuynewsleepingbags．However,that'sonlyhalfthe12forOleita．“Weaimtomakea(n)13notonlysoci