新教材高中英语Unit4ExploringliteratureSectionⅠWeletotheunitReading学案牛津译林版必修第二册

Unit4Exploringliterature话题阅读背景导入：汤显祖是明代成就最高、影响最大的剧作家，其“临川四梦”达到了同时代戏剧创作的高峰。一些中外学者曾将汤显祖与莎士比亚进行平行研究，认为这两位戏剧大师在16世纪与17世纪之交的东西方剧坛上为人类作出了卓越的贡献。文章主要介绍了“中国的莎士比亚”——汤显祖的文学成就及其作品风格。Inhis402ndanniversaryyear,Shakespeareisstillrightlycelebratedasagreatwordsmithandplaywright.Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofdramaticwritingtodiein1616,andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastinginfluenceontheatre.Whilelessknownworldwide,TangXianzuisconsideredChina'sgreatestplaywrightandishighlyspokenofinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan,JiangxiProvince,andpursuedalow-keycareerasanofficialuntil,in1598,heretiredtofocusonwriting.UnlikeShakespeare'slargebodyofplays,poemsandsonnets(十四行诗),Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin(《紫钗记》),ThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》),ADreamUndertheSouthernBough(《南柯记》),andTheHandanDream(《邯郸记》).ThePeonyPavilionisconsideredasTang'smasterpiece.Therestthreeareconstructedaroundadreamnarrative,adevicethroughwhichTangunlockedtheemotionaldimensionofhumandesiresandambitionsandexploredhumannaturebeyondthesocialandpoliticalrestrictionsofthattime.TanglivedintheendoftheMingDynastyandthepopularityofhisworkshadagoodreason.SimilartoShakespeare,hissuccessrodethewaveofarenaissanceintheatreasanartisticpractice.AsinShakespeare'sEngland,Tang'sworksbecamehugelypopularinChinatoo.DuringTang'sChina,theway,inwhichplayletswereenjoyedandperformed,changed.KunquOpera,aformofmusicaldrama,spreadfromsouthernChinatothewholenationandbecameasymbolofChineseculture.biningnortherntuneandsouthernmusic,KunquOperawasknownforitspoeticlanguage,music,dancemovementsandgestures.Tang'sworksbenefitedgreatlyfromthepopularityofKunquOpera,andhisplayletsareconsideredasclassicsofKunquOpera.WhileTangandShakespearelivedinaworldawayfromeachother,therearemanythingstheyshareinmon,suchasthehumanityoftheirdrama,theiriconicandheroicfigures,theirloveforpoeticlanguage,alastingpopularityandtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.【译文】在莎士比亚逝世402周年时，他仍当之无愧地被称颂为伟大的语言大师和剧作家。但他并不是唯一一位在1616年逝世的戏剧大师，毫无疑问，他也不是唯一一位对戏剧产生深远影响的作家。汤显祖虽然在世界范围内知名度不高，但却被认为是中国最伟大的剧作家，并且在中国古代文学和戏剧传统中备受尊崇。汤显祖于1550年出生在江西省临川，他(前半生)低调从政，直到1598年，他退出官场，潜心写作。与创作了大量戏剧、诗歌和十四行诗的莎士比亚不同，汤显祖主要写了四部戏剧：《紫钗记》《牡丹亭》《南柯记》和《邯郸记》。(其中)《牡丹亭》被认为是汤显祖的代表作。其余三部作品都是围绕梦境叙事展开，通过这一叙事手法，汤显祖揭开了人类欲望和野心的情感层面，并探索了超出当时社会和政治约束的人性。汤显祖生活在明朝末期，他的作品有充分的理由受到人们喜爱。与莎士比亚相似，他的成功得益于戏剧这一艺术形式的复兴。与莎士比亚(的作品)在英格兰一样，汤显祖的作品在中国也非常流行。在汤显祖时代的中国，人们欣赏以及表演戏剧的方式发生了变化。昆曲，一种音乐剧形式，从中国南方地区传播到全国，成为中国文化的一个象征。昆曲结合了北方曲调和南方音乐，以其诗歌语言、音乐、舞蹈动作和手势而闻名。汤显祖的作品十分得益于昆曲的流行，他的戏剧被认为是昆曲经典剧目。虽然汤显祖和莎士比亚生活在两个相隔甚远的世界，但他们有许多共同点，例如他们的戏剧(所展现出来的)人性、他们标志性的英雄人物、他们对诗歌语言的热爱、经久不衰的魅力以及在他们的周年纪念日，我们仍然会纪念他们。SectionⅠWeletotheunit&ReadingⅠ.核心词汇1．______adj.非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的2．______n.蝴蝶3．______n.贝壳；壳4．______n.灵魂；心性，内心5．______adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的6．______n.要素，基本部分7．______n.特色，特征vt.以……为特色，是……的特征8．______n.作者，作家9．______adv.因此，所以10．______n.重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；(报刊)一期vt.宣布，公布11．______n.(长篇)小说12．______adj.上部的；上面的13．______n.差距；间隙14．______n.(事情发生的)背景，环境，来龙去脉；上下文，语境15．______adj.特定的；明确的，具体的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．____n．文学，文学作品→____adj.文学的2．____vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁→____adj.有吸引力的3．____vt.确定；决定，支配vi.决心→____adj.坚定的→____n．决定；决心4．____adj.有重要意义的，显著的→____n．意义，重要性5．____n．描述，形容，说明→____vt.描述，描写→____adj.描述性的；描写的6．____adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的→____n．感官vt.感觉到→____adj.可感觉到的；合理的7．____vt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思→____n．反射；思考→____adj.能反光的；沉思的8．____vt.&vi.唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来→____adj.醒着的9．____vt.使(船)下水；开始从事，发动→____n．发射架；发射装置10．____n．永久，持久性→____adj.永久的；永恒的11．____vt.包含，含有，容纳→____n．容器12．____adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→____adv.全体地；共同地13．____n．总结，概括，概要→____v．总结，概括Ⅲ.重点短语1．______经受住时间的考验2．______致力，专心，献身3．______使某人安全4．______把某物放到某人耳边5．______好奇地6．______一系列，各种7．______(forsb.)即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)8．______努力做某事9．______总之10．______在于11．______当着某人的面12．______人性13．______呈现，具有；承担；雇用14．______凭借，利用15．______结果Ⅳ.重点句型1．每本书背后都有一个人……____________isaman...2．总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。Inaword,wehavenowreachedapoint________________________．3．毫无疑问，曹雪芹是根据自己的亲身经历，对当时的生活作出了详细的描述。____________________，CaoXueqingivesadetaileddescriptionofwhatlifewaslikeatthattime.根据课文内容选择正确答案1．Whydoestheauthorcitetheexampleofachildandaman?A．Toshowwhatthesoundsintheshellarelike.B．Toprovethattheboyiscuriousabouttheworld.C．Tointroducethetopicofthewonderofliterature.D．Toexplaintheman'suniquemethodofteachingachild.2．WhatcanwelearnfromthethirdParagraph?A．Thepoetistheonlyonewhocanfindbeautyintheworld.B．Whetherthebeautyisfoundispletelydeterminedbyasensitiveman.C．Theunnoticedsoundisjustlikeasensitivemaninthepassage.D.Theabilitytofindanddescribebeautyisakeyqualityofliterature.3．Howdoestheauthormentiontheappealofliteraturetoourfeelingsandimagination?A．Byparingdifferentaspects.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bytellinghisownexperience.D．Byanalyzinghispoints.4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionThewonderofliteratureAchildandamanwerewalkingonthebeachwhenthechildfoundashellandheldittohisear[1].Suddenlyheheardstrange,low,musicalsounds.Thesesoundsseemedtobefromanotherworldandthechildlistenedtothemwithwonder.Thenthemanexplainedthatthechildheardnothingstrange,andthattheshellcaughtarangeofsoundstoofaintforhumanears.Whatamazedthechildwasnotanewworld,buttheunnoticedmusicoftheold[2].[1]该句中含有固定句式bedoing...when...，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。[2]Whatamazedthechild是what引导的名词性从句，作句子的主语；另外，主句中还含有not...but...(不是……而是……)结构。Somesuchexperienceasthisliesinstoreforuswhenwebeginthestudyofliterature.Letalittlesongappealtotheear,oragreatbooktotheheart[3],andwediscoveranewworld,aworldofdreamsandmagic.Toenterandenjoythisnewworld[4],weneedtoloveliterature,andmakeanefforttoexplainit.Behindeverybookisaman,behindthemanistherace,andbehindtheracearethenaturalandsocialenvironments[5].Wemustknowallthese,ifthebookistospeakitswholemessage.Inaword,wehavenowreachedapointwherewewishtoenjoyandunderstandliterature[6].Thefirststepistodeterminesomeofitssignificantqualities.[3]句中oragreatbooktotheheart是省略句，完整的表述为orletagreatbookappealtotheheart。使用省略以避免重复，使语言精练。[4]toenterandenjoythisnewworld为动词不定式短语作目的状语。[5]“Behindeverybookisaman...”是表语前置的完全倒装句式。[6]wehavenowreachedapointwherewewishto...是含有定语从句的复合句。wehavenowreachedapoint是主句，其后是where引导的定语从句，修饰表示抽象地点的先行词point。Thefirstqualityofliteratureisitsdescriptionoftruthandbeauty.Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticeduntilasensitivehumansoulbringsthemtoourattention,justastheshellreflectstheunnoticedsounds[7].Ahundredmenmaypassafieldandseeonlydeadgrass;butapoetstops,looksdeeper,seestruthandbeauty,andwrites,“Yesterday'sflowersamI．”Onewhoreadsitiscapableofseeingthebeautythatwashiddenfromhiseyesbefore[8].[7]justas...是as引导的方式状语从句，意为“正如……”。[8]Onewhoreadsitiscapableofseeingthebeautythatwashidden...是主从复合句，whoreadsit是定语从句，修饰主语one。后面的thatwashidden...也是定语从句，修饰beauty。Thesecondqualityofliteratureisitsappealtoourfeelingsandimagination.Itsattractionliesmoreinwhatitawakensinusthanwhatitsays[9].WhenChristopherMarlowe'sDoctorFaustusasksinthepresenceofHelen,“Wasthisthefacethatlaunchedathousandships[10]？”heopensadoorthroughwhichourimaginationentersanewworld[11],aworldoflove,beautyandheroism.[9]whatitawakensinus及whatitsays均为what引导的宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。[10]“Wasthisthefacethatlaunchedathousandships？”是主从复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰face。[11]throughwhichourimaginationenters...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词door。Thethirdqualityofliterature,ingoutoftheothertwo[12],isitspermanence.Toachievethis,itshouldcontaintwoelements:universalinterestandpersonalstyle.Goodliteraturereflectsthemostbasicofhumannature—loveandhate,joyandsadness,fearandhope.Italsotakesonapersonalstyle—nowritercandescribehumanlifewithoutreflectinghisownlifeandexperiences[13].[12]ingoutoftheothertwo是现在分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句thatesoutoftheothertwo.[13]nowritercan...without...是双重否定表肯定。Insummary,literatureistheexpressionoflifeinformsoftruthandbeauty,thewrittenrecordofman'sthoughtsandfeelings,andthehistoryofthehumansoul.(AdaptedfromWilliamJ.Long'sEnglishLiterature：ItsHistoryandItsSignificancefortheLifeoftheEnglish-SpeakingWorld)文学(literature)的奇妙之处孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳(shell)，把它放到了耳边。突然，他听到了奇怪、低沉、悦耳的声音。这声音仿佛来自另一个世界，孩子听后十分惊奇。随后男子解释说，孩子听到的声音没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了种种对于人的耳朵来说过于微弱的声音而已。让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的音乐。当我们开始学习文学的时候，我们也会有如此这般的体验[instore(forsb.)即将发生(在某人身上)]。让一首小曲愉悦(appealto吸引)我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。要进入这个新世界，并享受其中的乐趣，我们需要热爱文学，并尽力去解读它。每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。如果要了解一本书所传递的全部信息，我们就必须了解所有这些内容。总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。第一步是确定(determine)它的一些重要(significant)特质。文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写(description)。一些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的(sensitive)人类灵魂(soul)让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉(reflect反映)到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。一百个人走过田野，眼中所见的可能都只是枯草，而诗人驻足，看得更深，他看到了真与美，遂写下：“昨日之花即是我。”读了这句诗的人便能(capable)看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。文学的第二个特质在于它能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力。文学的魅力更多在于它唤起(awaken)了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问：“这就是那张让上千艘战舰为之起航(launch)的面庞吗？”此时他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。文学的第三个特质是其持久(permanence)的生命力，它源于前两个特质。要实现这一点，它须包含(contain)两个要素(element)：广泛的(universal)关切和个人的风格。好的文学作品反映了人性最基本的内涵——爱与恨、喜与悲、恐惧与希望。它也带有个人风格——没有哪个作家能够在描写人类的生活时不反映其个人生活和经历。总之(insummary)，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。(改编自威廉·J.朗恩的《英语文学：历史及其对英语世界生活的意义》)►第一版块|重点词汇诠释1.instore即将发生（在某人身上），等待着（某人）；贮藏着，准备着❶Wedon'tknowwhatlifeholdsinstoreforus.我们不知道等待我们的将是什么样的生活。❷Ifshehadknownwhatlayinstoreforher,shewouldneverhaveagreedtogo.她如果事先知道会有什么遭遇的话，就决不会同意去的。❸Healwayskeepsseveralcasesofmilkinstore.他总是备有几箱牛奶。联想拓展表示“即将发生”的短语还有：onhand,aroundthecorner等。即学即练单句写作①当我第一次踏入大园时，我不知道未来等待我的会是什么。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②我们为即将到来的冬季储藏了大量食物。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.appealvi.有吸引力；呼吁，恳求；上诉；申诉；n.呼吁，恳求；吸引力appealtosb.吸引某人appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁appealtosb.todosth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事appeal(tosb./sth.)againststh.就……(向……)提起上诉make/launchanappealtosb.forsth.向某人呼吁某事make/launchanappealtosb.todosth.呼吁某人做某事appealingadj.有吸引力的，有感染力的，令人感兴趣的❶Thebookappealstoreadersofallagesandestablishesaliterarybondbetweenparentsandchildren.这本书老幼皆宜，并在父母和孩子之间建立了文学纽带。❷Inthevote,heappealedtoeveryoneforsupport.在这次选举中，他恳请大家支持他。❸Sheappealedtoustogowithher.她恳求我们和她同行。❹Theadvertisementisaimedatappealingtopeoplenottosmoke.这个广告旨在呼吁人们不要吸烟。❺Iintendtoappealagainstthissentence.我打算对这个判决提起上诉。❻Thepolicemadeanappealtothepublictoremaincalm.警方呼吁公众保持镇静。❼Thefilmhasgreatappealforyoungaudiences.这部电影备受年轻观众喜爱。❽Thecityoffersanappealingbinationofsportingandculturalevents.这座城市集体育活动和文化活动于一身，颇具吸引力。❾SpendingtheholidaysinBritainwasn'taprospectthatIfoundparticularlyappealing.在英国度假对我并不特别有吸引力。联想拓展appealto上诉；呼吁appealtoAforB恳请A给予Bsexappeal性魅力；性感appealcourt上诉；法院语境助记Anoldman,whoappealedagainsthisson'ssentence,madeanappealtothepublicforhelp,whichappealedtomanywarm-heartedpeople.一位老人对儿子的判决提出上诉，呼吁公众帮帮他，这吸引了很多热心肠的人。即学即练判断下列句子中appeal的词性及含义/单句语法填空①Sheappealedtothehighcourtagainsthersentence.______②Ourschoolappealstothestudentstosetasideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertokeepfit.______③—HowdidyoulikeNick'sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest,hissingingdidn'tappealtome.______④ThemassiveappealofChineseonlineliteraturehasalsoextendeditsreachtomillionsofreadersworldwide.______⑤Whentherearenewusers,theywillgiveaquite____(appeal)pricetoattractthemtoregisterandbuygoods.⑥Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealed____theworldformorethan350years.⑦Tobuildthebridge,wemadeanappeal____thevillagers____donations.⑧It'sremendedthatthegovernmentshouldappealtothelocalpeople____(reduce)theemissionofcarbondioxideintheirdailylife.3.determinevt.测定，查明，准确算出；确定，安排，决定，支配，影响determineon...决心/决定……determinetodosth.(表示动作)决心做某事，决定做某事determinedadj.决心，决定；坚定的，坚决的bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事adeterminedefforttooveredifficulties坚决克服困难的努力determinationn.[U]决心，坚定❶Wesetouttodeterminewhathappenedthatnight.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。❷Thedateforthemeetinghasyettobedetermined.会议日期尚待确定。❸Generally,agoodeducationalbackgroundandahighlydevelopedmoralsensecandetermineyourfuturesuccess.一般来说，良好的教育背景和强烈的道德意识能够决定你未来的成功。❹Greatlyencouragedbywhattheteachersaid,theboyreturnedtohisseat,determiningtostudyharder.老师的话使男孩深受鼓舞，他回到座位上，决心更加努力学习。❺Theydeterminedonanearlystart.他们决定早点出发。语境助记LiHuawasayoungmanwithgreatdetermination.Hedeterminedtogotoabigcityaftergraduation.Determinednevertoebackbeforehecouldmakeafortune,helefthomewithoutsayingaword.李华是一个很有决心的年轻人。他决定毕业后去大城市。他决定在赚大钱之前决不回来，一句话也没说就离开了家。即学即练单句语法填空①Johnsonhadmadeuphismindtogiveitup,butonsecondthoughthedetermined____(try)athirdtime.②Hepatted(轻拍)meontheshoulder,witha____(determine)look,sayingthatIhadthecapabilitytosucceed.③Hedidtheexperimentdayandnight,determined____(find)outaneffective(有效的)waytotreatthedisease.④Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthe____(determine)topushfurtherandkeepongoing.

4.sensitiveadj.感觉敏锐的，艺术感觉好的，有悟性的；易生气的，易被惹恼的，神经过敏的；（对低温、光、食物等）敏感的，过敏的；体贴的，善解人意的besensitiveto/about...对……神经敏感besensitiveto...对……过敏/敏感；对……体贴的❶Don'tmentionthatshehasputonweight,forsheisverysensitivetoit.不要提她体重增加了，因为她很忌讳这个。❷Don'tbesosensitiveandIwasnotcriticizingyou.不要这么敏感，我不是在批评你。❸Myteethareverysensitivetocoldfood.我的牙齿对冷食过敏。❹Theeyesofsomefishareacutelysensitivetolight.有些鱼的眼睛对光非常敏感。特别提示形近词：sensibleadj.明智的，通情达理的即学即练判断下列句子中sensitive的含义①Throughouthercareersheremainedsensitivetocriticism.______②—Maryisalwaysverysensitivetothesufferingofothers.—Nowondershechoosestobeareliefworker.______③Theelderlyneedspecialcareinwinter,astheyareverysensitivetothesuddenchangesintheweather.______5.reflectvt.反射；显示，表明；反映，映出（影像）vt.&vi.沉思，认真思考reflecttheviewsof...表明……的意见reflectsb./sth.insth.在某物里映出某人/某物reflecton/upon...认真思考……reflectionn.[U]反射；沉思；[C]映像；反映beareflectionof...是……的反映on/uponreflection经过沉思后❶Thewindowsreflectedthebrightafternoonsunlight.窗户反射着午后明媚的阳光。❷Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,reflectingman'sintelligenceandcreativity.城市是人的手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。❸Ournewspaperaimstoreflecttheviewsofthelocalmunity.我们的报纸旨在表达当地人民的心声。❹Shecouldseetreesreflectedinwater.她看见树木映照在水中。❺Readinghistoryisanamazingexperiencebecauseitenablesustoreflectonthesocialandeconomiclifeofthepeoplelivinglongtimeago.阅读历史是一种奇妙的体验，因为它能让我们认真思考很久以前的人们的社会和经济生活。❻Whenhewasalone,hewasoftenlostinreflection.他独处的时候经常会陷入沉思。❼Yourclothesareoftenareflectionofyourpersonality.你的穿着常常反映出你的个性。❽Whilethenewsatfirstshockedme,onreflectionitmadeperfectsense.虽然一开始这个消息令我震惊，但经过认真思考，我觉得它也很有道理。语境助记Thepainting,whichisareflectionofdevelopmentofmyhometown,makesusreflectontheplanmadelastyear.这幅画，反映了我家乡的发展，让我们思考起去年制定的计划。即学即练单句语法填空/单句写作①Thelakeiscalmandclear,andoneofthethingsthatarereflected____thewateristhefamoustower.②Ithinkyoushouldstopforamomentandreflect____yoursuccessandfailure.③These“in-need-of-praise”chatgroupsarea____(reflect)ofChineseculturewhereopenlyseekingandgivingpraiseisunmon.④我们反思自己过去的错误并下定决心不再犯。________________________________________________________________________⑤书法就像一面镜子，是心灵的无声反映。________________________________________________________________________6.containvt.包含，含有，容纳❶Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.这本书包含你所需要的一切信息。❷Lemonsandorangescontainalotofvitaminswhicharegoodforourhealth.柠檬和橙子含有大量对我们的健康有益的维生素。❸Themuseumcontainsanumberoforiginalartworks.这座博物馆藏有许多原创艺术品。❹Thehallcancontain3，000people.这个大厅能容纳3000人。[辨析比较]contain/include易混词区别contain意为“包含，含有”，侧重于“整体内有”，也可指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时态。Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.有些动植物含有对人有害的天然毒素。include意为“包括”，侧重于被包含者只是整体中的一部分。ThetourincludedavisittotheScienceMuseum.这次游览包括参观科学博物馆。特别提示句子中contain的含义WhenIheardthenews,Icouldnotcontainmyexcitement.点拨：vt.控制，抑制(感情)。同义词为：control。即学即练选词填空(contain/include)/完成句子①LittleJohnnyfeltthebag,curioustoknowwhatit____．②Ourtouralso____achancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.③Thiskindoffruit____lotsofvitamins,vitaminD____．④他很担心，因为他丢了装有护照、身份证和钱的包。Hewasworried,becausehelosthisbag__________________．⑤房间太小容纳不了那么多人。Theroomistoosmall________________．7.insummary总的来说，总之summaryn.[C]总结，概括，概要abriefsummaryof...对……的简短总结anewssummary新闻综述❶Insummary,thiswasanexcellentperformance.总的来说，这场演出很棒。❷Insummary,itismyopinionthatthispletetreatmentprocessisverysuccessful.总之，我认为这整个治疗过程非常成功。联想拓展“总之”的其他表达：onthewholeallinallinshort/briefingeneralinaword即学即练完成句子①____________________(总的来说),dancingiswonderfulanditmakesmefeelyoung!②Tommakesitaruleto___________________(在课后对所学内容做个总结).►第二版块|重点句型解构1.（教材P44）Behindeverybookisaman...每本书背后都有一个人……[句式分析]此句属于完全倒装，就是将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。当表示地点的介词短语放在句首，谓语动词是不及物动词，如lie，stand，sit，exist等或连系动词be，且主语是名词时，要用完全倒装。❶Infrontofourhousestandsabigtree.我们的房子前有一棵大树。完全倒装的其他情况：①当副词here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，away等置于句首，谓语动词是e，go，run，rush，fly等，且主语是名词时，要用完全倒装。这种情况常用一般现在时或一般过去时。❷Hereesthebus.公共汽车来了。❸Nowesyourturn.现在轮到你了。❹Outrushedadog.一条狗冲了出来。②Therebe/lie/stand/appear/remain...结构。❺Therestandsatempleonthetopofthemountain.山顶上有座庙。特别提示此句型需要特别注意主谓一致。语境助记Theyarrivedatasmallvillage,infrontofwhichwasabigriver.他们来到一个小乡村，村庄前面是条大河。即学即练完成句子①墙上挂着一张世界地图。_______________amapoftheworld.②接下来到了分享最美好记忆的时刻了。_______________themoment—thetimetoshareyourbestmemory.③大众广场是这个城市一个引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石像矗立在那儿。ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity._____________manystonesculpturesoffamoushistoricalfigures.④树下站着一个男孩，他的眼睛早已被几只蝴蝶吸引了过去。_______________aboy,whoseeyeswereattractedbyseveralbutterflies.2.（教材P44）Inaword，wehavenowreachedapointwherewewishtoenjoyandunderstandliterature.,总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。[句式分析]此句型为：抽象地点＋where引导的定语从句。❶Wehadreachedthepointwheretherewasnomoney.我们已经到了没有一分钱的阶段。❷Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.那些成功的聋人舞者认为跳舞是一种视觉比听觉更重要的活动。名师点津当先行词是case，situation，position，point，stage，activity等表抽象地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语时，定语从句常用where或inwhich引导。即学即练单句语法填空①Thematterhasreachedastage____theyhavetogivein.②Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading”，____theycanreadtolearn.③Theyexperiencedaserioussituation____theinjuredpeopleweredyingfromtheextremesuffering.3.（教材P47）Nodoubtdrawingonhisownexperiences，CaoXueqingivesadetaileddescriptionofwhatlifewaslikeatthattime.毫无疑问，曹雪芹是根据自己的亲身经历，对当时的生活作出了详细的描述。[句式分析]此句中Nodoubt...“毫无疑问……”，nodoubt作状语，修饰整个句子。(此时doubt是名词)Thereissome(此时doubt是动词)I肯定句中：doubt（否定句、疑问句中：doubt（特别提示此句型常出现在考卷中的综合试题中，如阅读理解、完形填空，需要正确理解其含义，也会出现在语法填空中。即学即练完成句子①毫无疑问，剧院为该地区的发展和经济增长作出了贡献。___________thetheaterhascontributedtothearea'sdevelopmentandeconomicgrowth.②毫无疑问，我们使用记忆的方式正在改变。_______________thewayweusememoriesischanging.③我开始怀疑他的小说是否比其他人的好。Ibegantodoubt________hisnovelisbetterthanothers'.④他是否会来是有疑问的。_______________he'lle.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thecampuspolice____(献身)themselvestoguardingthecampus.2．Itreatedtheguyin____(真诚)inmyhome.3．WhenIwasmeetingwiththefemaleleader,Ihad____(蝴蝶)inmystomach.4．WutheringHeights(《呼啸山庄》)isaclassicofEnglish____(文学).5．Thepolicehaveissuedan____(呼吁)tothepublictostayawayfromtheareaovertheweekend.6．She____(决心)togoonadiettoloseweight.7．Doingexerciseplaysa____(有重要意义的)partinreducingpressure.8．Policehaveissueda____(描述)ofthethief.9．Batshaveextremely____(感觉敏锐的)ears.10．Hispoetrycontainsmanybeautifulimages,butitlacks____(灵魂).11．Inthecenterofthecampus,thelake____(映出)thesurroundingbuildings.12．Iwanttoseeyouachievewhatyouare____(有能力的)of.13．Theappisto____(唤起)students'interestinEnglishliterature.14．Thepanyisscheduledto____(发动)itsnewproduct.15．Wenolongertalkofthe____(永久；持久性)ofmarriage.16．Yogurt____(含有)lessfat.17．Greatnovelscontainsimilar____(要素).18．Hissuggestionhasnotmetwith____(普遍的)agreement.19．Ourteacheraskedustowritea____(概要)ofthenovel.20．Teamworkasakey____(特征)ofthetrainingprogrammeisuniversallyrecognised.21．Heisatalentedyoung____(作家).22．Hisbookisappealingand____(因此)appealstoalotofreaders.23．It'sawebsitedevotedtoenvironmental____(问题).24．Hetookprideinhislatest____(小说).25．Thebossdeterminedtousethe____(上面的)floorsofthebuilding.26．Thiscontributestothe____(差距)betweentherichandthepoor.27．Youarecapableofguessingthemeaningofthewordfromthe____(语境).28．Thefollowingsummarypresents____(特定的)instancesoftheseissues.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Inreallifetheauthorisa____(devote)husbandandfather.2．Wearedevotedtomakingthedesignmore____(appeal)toyoungpeople.3．Therewasa____(determine)lookonhisfacewhenhefinishedreadingthelastpageofthepoetrycollection.4．Thiscontributes____(significant)tothesuccessofourexperiment.5．Heisverygoodatthe____(describe)abouttheordinarypeopleinhisnovels.6．Thepoliceoughttobemore____(sense)totheneedsofthelocals.7．Alovingfamilyenvironmentgiveschildrenthesenseof____(permanent)whichissignificanttotheirgrowth.8．Thispoem____(reflect)thepoet'sloveofnature.9．Musichasbeencalledthe____(universe)languageandthesourceofhappiness.10．Ihavebeenreflectingonthese____(issue)thesedays!Ⅲ.课文语法填空Toenterandenjoythisnewworldofliterature,weneedtoloveliteratureandmakeaneffort1.____(explain)it.Behindeverybookisaman,behindthemanistherace,andbehindtherace2.____(be)thenaturalandsocialenvironments.Wehavenowreachedapoint3.____wewishtoenjoyandunderstandliterature.Let'slookatsomeofitssignificantqualities.Thefirstqualityofliteratureisits4.____(describe)oftruthandbeauty.Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticed5.____asensitivehumansoulbringsthemtoourattention,justastheshellreflectstheunnoticedsounds.Thesecondqualityofliteratureisitsappeal6.____ourfeelingsandimagination.Itsattractionliesmoreinwhatitawakensinusthanwhatitsays.Thethirdqualityofliterature,7.____(e)outoftheothertwo,isitspermanence.Toachievethis,itshouldcontaintwo8.____(element):u