进阶05 套卷篇（ 4阅读理解+1七选五+1完形填空+1语法填空+1应用文写作）-2021年高二升高三暑假英语进阶天天练（新高考）

进阶练（五）套卷篇034阅读理解+1七选五+1完形填空+1语法填空+1应用文写作（含解析）【阅读理解①】Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation(GDA).Whateverstageoflifeyou’reat,whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA,you’llcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity(社区).Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersareaged17—24.Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25—75.Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,andcommunicationofficers.Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunity’saccesstosafedrinkingwater,orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,you’llalsolearnnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewho’llbecomeyourlifelongfriends.Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:CountrySchedule4-weekprogrammes7-weekprogrammesAlgeria5Jul.—1Aug.20Jun.—7Aug.Egypt24Jul.—20Aug.19Jun.—6Aug.Kenya20Jul.—16Aug.18Jun.—5Aug.SouthAfrica2Aug.—29Aug.15Jun.—2Aug.GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:Website:Email:humanresources@31.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?A.Toseeklocalpartners.B.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.C.Tocarryoutprogrammes.D.Tofosterculturalawareness.32.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein.A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.SouthAfrica33.ThesharedgoalofGDA’sprojectsisto.A.explorenewculturesB.protecttheenvironmentC.gaincorporatebenefitsD.helpcommunitiesinneed【阅读理解②】Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(装配线)onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive(过度的)energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(经济)isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”28.Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?A.ToexplainAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar.B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica’sroadsystem.29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.30.WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful. D.Tolerant.【阅读理解③】Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.63.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat.A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.A.exemptionsareallowed B.severalvaccinesareusedtogetherC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin D.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws65.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine. B.Thelackofmedicalcare.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself. D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.66.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption. B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination. D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.【阅读理解④】AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I’llhavewhatshe’shaving”effect.However,we’lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I’llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I’llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan’tI?12.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand.D.Eatingbehavior.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inParagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.14.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.15.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.【七选五⑤】Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.46Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?47Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.48Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”49Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.50AnA-teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【完形填空⑥】ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatthemusicstudents,36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases,37atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto39music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.40,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwas41ofhisschool’sstandardcurriculum,hewasplayingidly(随意地)onthepianoandfoundit42topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthatheactually43doingit.Hetriedtohidehis44pleasurefromthemusicteacher,whohad45overtolisten.Hemightnothavedonethisparticularlywell,46theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood47andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusicstore-roomtoseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere48him.Therehedecidedtogivethecello(大提琴)a49.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery50.36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling37.A.risingupB.comingupC.drivingup D.turningup38.A.before B.after C.until D.since39.A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate40.A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover41.A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit42.A.complicated B.safeC.confusing D.easy43.A.missed B.dislikedC.enjoyed D.denied44.A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar45.A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered46.A.because B.but C.though D.so47.A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice48.A.occurredtoB.tooktoC.appealedto D.heldto49.A.change B.chance C.mission D.function50.A.seriously B.proudlyC.casually D.naturally【语法填空⑦】DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61.______(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62_____.past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63.(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64.(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65.riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66.(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67.(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68.(start)asoil-testingprogram69.givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70.(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.【应用文写作⑧】假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Peter在纽约,因为新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发,停课隔离在家,心情沉闷,请你给他写一封信,内容包括:1.表示安慰,并告知在家隔离的重要性;2.根据你在家隔离的经验,给他调整身体和心理的一些建议(可以做一些什么事情来打发时间和调整情绪)。(至少三条建议)参考词汇:新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19传染病epidemic注意:词数80个左右DearPeter,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【参考答案】【阅读理解①】31、【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.”可推断出答案,关键词是“carryout”和“running”,故选C。32、【解析】选D。细节理解题。本题的关键词是“inAugust”,根据表格中“2Aug.—29Aug.”可知选D。33、【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.”可知,GDA项目的目标是促进贫穷和边远社区的发展。故选D。【阅读理解②】28、【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.可知,汉堡是汽车影响美国文化的产物。故选B。29、【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,汽车在推动美国梦的同时,也带来了生态灾难。故选B。30、【解析】选C。观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.以及下一段中的具体建议,可知,ThomasL.Friedman对美国的未来是充满希望的。故选C。【阅读理解③】63、【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第二段的第一句可知,虽然数量少却是危险的兆头,与A项相符;文章中没有提到公众的关注,通过第一段最后一句的115measlescaseshavebeenreported和第二段第一句的Thenumbersmightsoundsmall可知,只是小范围的事件,故B项错误;文章只提到了anti-vaccinemovement,但并没有说明原因,故C项错误;文中提到的是错误信息的传播速度快,故D项错误。64、【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段第一句herdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin可知C项正确。65、【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段的Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.可知,麻疹再度发生的原因就是人们不再接种疫苗,故D项正确。66、【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章说明麻疹再度发生是因为人们不再接种疫苗,根据文章末段最后一句Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.可知,作者呼吁人们接种疫苗,以获得疫苗提供的针对生命的保障,故C项正确。【阅读理解④】12、【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据整篇短文的内容特别是第一段中第一句研究的结论可知文章主要在讲就餐同伴会影响人们的食物摄入量,即选D。13、【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据前面“和现存研究的结论‘你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭’相反”可知,我们要避免的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人;还有根据三、四段的两次实验的结果可知,就餐同伴如果苗条且吃得很多的话,就会使同餐者的食物摄入量大增,可知,就餐时一定要避免和身材苗条但食物摄入量大的人在一起,不然就会摄入过多的食物。故选D。14、【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据研究的结论可知,雇演员就是为了证明就餐者的食物摄入量是否受就餐同伴的影响,故雇用这个演员的作用就是看看她会如何影响其他就餐者。故选A。15、【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,如果一个超重的人吃得很多,就餐同伴就会吃得相对少些,因为看到了大吃的后果;但是如果一个苗条的人吃得多,就会有“他吃得多且能保持苗条,我也可以”的心理,因此调整是建立在如何看待就餐同伴的前提之上的,故选C。【七选五⑤】46.【解析】选B。考查上下文逻辑关系。前文是说“在当今的世界,很多任务是靠团队完成的。但在一个伟大的团队中,可能聚集了很多天才的个人”;而后文说“公司花数百万雇用顶尖人才,花那么多的钱值得吗?”所填空处承上启下,具体说一个例子,比如说运动团队,故选B。millions是关键词。47.【解析】选E。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据下文“Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.”,故E项“最近几份研究核查了天才在运动界的角色”,前后对应,故选E。48.【解析】选G。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据下文“Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.”,是说棒球主要靠个体,而不是靠团队的力量,棒球与足球和篮球不同,故选G。individual是关键词。49.【解析】选D。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据上文“Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold”以及所举的例子,本部分是说篮球是需要团队的力量的,不突出个人,故D项“显然,顶尖队员并不遵守这种体育精神基本的原则”,与前面相呼应。50.【解析】选F。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据后文“AnA-teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.”可知,建立一个理想的团队不仅仅需要顶尖运动员的,其实是很复杂的,故选F。【完形填空⑥】36、【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据本句中的withtheirheavyinstrumentcases可知那些学生背着沉重的乐器很艰难,struggle的本意是“挣扎”,可以表现出行走困难的样子,其他三项不合题意。37、【解析】选D。词义辨析题。此处表示出现在学校。turnup出现;riseup升起;comeup上来;发生;driveup抬高;使上升。38、【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据后面hehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly可知学音乐的学生要比其他学生早到学校,所以选before。39、【解析】选C。背景常识题。根据后一句他讨厌特别早到学校,所以发誓避免学音乐。betray背叛;accept接受;avoid避免;appreciate欣赏。40、【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。起初Gabriel不喜欢学音乐,后文提到现在喜欢上了音乐,所以此处是转折关系(However),故选B。41、【解析】选A。背景常识题。音乐是他们学校标准课程的一部分(part)。42、【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文Withasinkingfeeling(带着沉醉的感情),可知Gabriel发现很容易(easy)辨别音调。complicated复杂的;safe安全的;confusing令人困惑的,均不符合语境。43、【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。他意识到他实际上很喜欢弹钢琴。enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事,和后面的pleasure相呼应。44、【解析】选B。词语辨析题。根据上文可知此时Gabriel已经开始喜欢音乐,他试图不让音乐老师看到他那种明显的快乐。obvious明显的,符合语境。45、【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据常识可以判断,Gabriel弹奏钢琴时,老师在他旁边徘徊着(wandered)听他弹奏,其他三项均不符合文意。46、【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。他可能并没有隐藏得很好，因为老师告诉他他的音乐能力很强。故选A。47、【解析】选A。词语辨析题。haveagoodearformusic有欣赏音乐的能力。ear在此表示“（学习音乐、模仿声音等的）能力”。48、【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。老师建议他去音乐储藏室看看有什么乐器对他有吸引力。occurto突然想起;taketo开始喜欢;appealto吸引;holdto坚持。根据句意选C。49、【解析】选B。