牛津译林版8下unit2-Grammar2教学课件

8BUnit2TravellingGrammarB‘forandsince’预习检测用for,since,ago填空SallyhasbeenawayfromLondon______lastSaturday.Ourschoolhaschangedalot_____thenewbuildingwasbuilt.Tommyhashadthismotorcycle_____threeyears.IhavebeeninNanjing____eightyears.Myparentshasbeenmarried

sincetwentyyears______.sincesinceforforagofor/sinceTheyhavelearned1,000Englishwords____threeyears.2.Theoldmanhaslivedhere______hewasborn.3.Hehascollectedquiteafewstamps______threeyearsago.4.Ihaveknownyou_____2009.5.ShehastaughtEnglish____fiveyears.forsincesincefor+时间段since+过去的时间点since2013+时间段+agosince2yearsago+从句（过去时）sinceheleftheresincefor注意：延续动词+选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead_____severalyears.forsinceforsincefor下一页Weonlyuse

forandsincewithverbslikewait,work,sleepand

teach,becausethey’relongactions.Wecan’tuse

foror

sincewithverbslikecome,go,

buyandleave,becausetheyareshortactions.延续性动词与since/for连用

注意：如果动词是短暂性动词，则不可以和since以及for连用Ilivedherefiveyearsago.(同义句)=________________________________=________________________________此句中的动词live是可以延续的，可以和since+点时间以及for+一段时间连用。Ihavelivedheresincefiveyearsago.Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.延续性动词和终止性动词*延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。*终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词。表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。

英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词(短暂性动词）

判断下列动词是短暂性还是延续性动词leavearrivestudydiewaitknowjoindowatchgetupteachborrowbeginbuy短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词短暂性动词短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词短暂性动词短暂性动词短暂性动词

非延续性动词

与一段时间连用时的表达方法buy

borrow

come,go,arrive

leave

start,begin

stop,finish

marry

havekeepbein/atbeawayfrombeonbeoverbemarriedbeginbeonmarrybemarriedfinishbeover

getmarriedstopdiebedeadcomebein/at

buyhavegoopenbeopenarriveclosebeclosedleavebeaway(from)catchacoldhaveacoldborrowkeepfallasleepbeasleepjoinbein/becomebebeamemberoftakepartinbein短暂性动词的用法短暂性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：for+时间段,since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用于Howlong引导的特殊疑问句，但否定句中可以接时间段。延续性动词的用法延续动词用于现在完成时一般要和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：for+时间段,since+时间点/从句连用。如buy和borrow是非延续性动词，我们在使用时要注意。可以说：Iboughtapresentlastweek

不可以说：Ihaveboughtapresentforoneweek

Ihaveboughtapresentsinceoneweekago

为了和for以及since连用，在使用完成时我们需把非延续性动词转换成延续性

buyhave/hashad××√Ihavehadapresentsincelastweek.Ihavehadapresentforoneweek.HehasleftBeijingforaweek.HehasnotleftBeijingyet.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingforaweek.Hehasboughtacarsince2007.√√××Hehasnotboughtanynewcarsince2007.√Hehashadacarsince2007.√HehasleftBeijingforaweek.HehasnotleftBeijingyet.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingforaweek.FTTleave是一个短暂性动词，不能在现在完成时中与持续的时间状语连用。leave是一个短暂性动词,可以在否定句中与持续的时间状语连用。如果想表达一个持续的状态，可以把leave变成beawayfrom再用在现在完成时中。

判断下列句子正确与否Hehasboughtacarsince2007.Hehasnotboughtanynewcarssince2007.Hehashadacarsince2007.FTTbuy是个短暂性动词，不能在现在完成时中与持续的时间状语连用。buy是一个短暂性动词,可以在否定句中与持续的时间状语连用。如果想表达一个持续的状态，可以把buy变成have再用在现在完成时中。1.Ihaveseenmanyinterestingfilmssince2012.()2.Tom’sdoghasdiedfortwoyears.()3.TheyhavebeeninGuilinforaweek.()4.KittyhasleftBeijingsincelastMonday.()5.Danielhasboughthisglovesforayear.()TrueorFalse?√×hasbeendead

√×hasbeenaway

from×hashad

6.Tomhasboughtawatchforaweek._____7.Tomboughtawatchaweekago._____8.Howlonghaveyoucomehere?_____9.Thefilmhasfinishedforhalfanhour.____10.KittyhasleftNanjingfortwodays._____11.KittyleftBeijingtwodaysago._____×√×××√hashadbeenhasbeenoverhasbeenawayfrom12.Hehasgonetothecinemasincelastnight.13.Hewenttothecinemalastnight.14.Hehasseenmanygreatfilms.15.Mygrandfatherhasdiedfortwoyears.16.Mygrandfatherdiedtwoyearsago.17.Mygrandfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.18.TheyhavebeeninBritainsince1998.FTTFTTTGame:TorFYaoMingjoinedtheRocketssixyearsago.He________theRocketssincesixyears

ago.…forsixyears.He_________________theRocketssince

sixyearsago.jointheRocketssixyearsagohasbeeninhasbeenamemberofYaoMingleftBeijingsixmonthsago.leaveBeijingsixmonthsagoYaoMing_______________Beijingsincesixmonthsago.hasbeenawayfromYaoMingborrowedabikefromtheboylastweek.borrowabikelastweekYaoMing_______thebikesincelastweek.haskeptKittyistellingMillieaboutherholidayinHKonthephone.Completewhatshesayswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Finishtheexerciseonpage28.MyparentsandI__________(arrive)inHongKongonthefirstdayofthewinterholiday.We_____________(be)hereforthreedays.I__________(borrow)abookaboutHKaweekago.It’sveryuseful.I______________(keep)itwithmeforafewdays.IthelpsmelearnmoreaboutHK.Nowit’snoonandwe’reinOceanPark.Thefirstdolphinshow__________(begin)at11:30a.m.It__________(be)onforabouthalfanhour.Theshowisreallyexciting.arrivedhavebeenborrowedhavekeptbeganhasbeen

一般过去时与现在完成时的替换Hisgrandfatherdied

fiveyearsago.=Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadforfiveyears.=Hisgrandfatherhasbeendead

sincefiveyearsago.=Itisfiveyearssincehisgrandfatherdied.

hasbeen=Fiveyearshaspassed

sincehisgrandfatherdied.1.Itis/hasbeen+时间+since+从句(一般过去时)2.时间+haspassed+since+从句(一般过去时)HisfatherjoinedthePartytenyearsago.=HisfatherhasbeeninthePartysincetenyearsago.=HisfatherhasbeenamemberofthePartyfortenyears.=HisfatherhasbeenaParty

memberfortenyears.=ItistenyearssincehisfatherjoinedtheParty.

=TenyearshaspassedsincehisfatherjoinedtheParty.1.shecametoourhometownfiveyearsago.She____________ourhometownsincefiveyearsago.2.Wegottoknoweachotherfiveyearsago.We_______________eachotherforfiveyears.3.Ihavehadthebikeforthreemonths.I________thebike3monthsago.4.Wegotmarriedtenyearsago.We___________________fortenyears.hasbeeninhaveknownboughthavebeenmarriedExercise(同义句转换)5.Theclasswasovertenminutesago.Theclass________________fortenminutes.6.Hisgrandpadiedin2003.Hisgrandpa________________since2003.7.Theexhibitionhasbeenonforthreedays.Theexhibition__________________threedaysago.8.Myparentsgotmarried25yearsago.Myparents_____________________since25yearsago.hasbeenoverhasbeendeadstarted/beganhavebeenmarried9.IboughttheMP3lastweek.I______________theMP3foraweek.10.KittyjoinedtheReadingClublastyear.Kitty________________________theReadingClubsincelastyear.havehadhasbeenamemberof

Changethesentencesusingthelongactions:11.Iboughtthiscomputersixmonthsago.I___________thiscomputer____sixmonths.12.Sheborrowedthemagazineyesterday.She__________themagazine_____yesterday.13.UncleSamarrivedinNanjingthreedaysago.UncleSam__________inNanjing_____threedays.14.Judyandmarkgotmarriedlastmonth.JudyandMark_________________________lastmonth.havehadforhaskeptsincehasbeenforhavebeenmarriedsince15.Mr.Wanglefthishometownwhenhewasseven.Mr.Wang___________________hishometown________hewasseven.hasbeenawaysinceChangethesentencesusingthelongactions:16.Iboughtthiscomputersixmonthsago.I____________thiscomputer_______sixmonths.17.Sheborrowedthemagazineyesterday.She___________themagazine______yesterday.18.UncleSamarrivedinNanjingthreedaysago.UncleSam___________inNanjing_____threedays.19.Judyandmarkgotmarriedlastmonth.JudyandMark_______________________lastmonth.20.MrWanglefthishometownwhenhewasseven.MrWang____________________hishometown_______hewasseven.havehadforhaskeptsincehasbeenforhasbeenmarriedsincehasbeenawayfromsince同义句改写Heboughtthismotorcycleovertwoyearsago.2.Sheborrowedthisbookthreeweeksago.3.KittyarrivedinHongKongtwodaysago.4.Shelefthomeamonthago.Hehashadthismotorcycleforovertwoyears/sinceovertwoyearsago.Shehaskeptthisbookforthreeweeks/sincethreeweeksagoKittyhasbeeninHongKongfortwodays/sincetwodaysagoShehasbeenawayfromhomeforamonth/sinceamonthago5.SimonjoinedtheFootballClublastyear.6.Thedogdiedtwohoursago.7.Theygotmarriedmorethanfifteenyearsago.8.Mycousinwent/cametoBeijingamonthago.=SimonhasbeenintheFootballClubfortwoyears=SimonhasbeenamemberoftheFootballClubsincelastyear.Thedoghasbeendeadfortwohours/sincetwohoursago.Theyhavebeenmarriedformorethanfifteenyears/sincemorethanfifteenyearsago.MycousinhasbeeninBeijingforamonth/sinceamonthago.9.Theparadebeganalmostanhourago.10.ThemeetingstoppedlastSaturday.Theparadehasbeenonforalmostanhour/sincealmostanhourago.ThemeetinghasbeenoversincelastSaturday.1.Howlong___aPartymember？

A.haveyoubeenB.areyouC.haveyoubecomeD.didyoubecome2.--____you___yourbreakfast?

--Yes,Ihave.

--When___you___it?

--Twentyminutesago.

A.Have;had;have;hadB.Did;have;did;have

C.Have;had;do;haveD.Have;had;did;haveAD3.Theyarelate.Thefilm___forfiveminutes.

A.hasbegunB.hasstartedC.hasbeenonD.began4.Hergrandpa___forthreeyears.

A.hasbeendeadB.hasdiedC.hadbeendeadD.died5.Tom___Londonfortwoyears.

A.hadleftB.hasgoneaway

C.hasbeenawayfromD.hadbeenawayfromCAC6.Ihavewatchedthegame.When____you____it?A.have,watchedB.do,watchC.did,watchD.will,watch7.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasbeendeadC.wasdeadD.hasdied8.WhereisHanMeinow?She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgoneCBD9.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,______?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.didyou10.Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?Ihave____toBeijingwithmyfriends.A.been,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.gone,gone11.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lentCBC12.Howlong___aPartymember？

A.haveyoubeenB.areyouC.haveyoubecomeD.didyoubecome13.--____you___yourbreakfast?

-Yes,Ihave.

-When___you___it?

-Twentyminutesago.

A.Have;had;have;hadB.Did;have;did;have

C.Have;had;do;haveD.Have;had;did;have

14.Theyarelate.Thefilm___forfiveminutes.

A.hasbegunB.hasstartedC.hasbeenonD.began15.Hergrandpa___forthreeyears.

A.hasbeendeadB.hasdiedC.hadbeendeadD.died16.

Tom___Londonfortwoyears.

A.hadleftB.hasgoneaway

C.hasbeenawayfromD.hadbeenawayfrom17.()–Ihavewatchedthegame.--When____you____it?Ahave,watchedBdo,watchCdid,watchDwill,watchC18.()Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdead