Unit2GrammarTask复习讲义牛津译林版英语八年级上册

教学目标教学内容复习unit2语法和task部分重点、难点更好地掌握比较级和最高级的意义灵活运用more/most,fewer/fewest,less/least的句型教学过程重点词汇短语numberofstudents【固定结构】thenumberof...“...的数量、数目，号码”，后面要接可数名词，表示名词的数量或号码。e.g.Thenumberofmycaris86540.Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolis2,000.【拓展】thenumberof引导的名词短语作主语时，其后谓语动词必须用单数。e.g.Thenumberofworkersinthefactoryis5,000.anumberof"许多”，修饰可数名词复数，相当于many，alotof或lotsof。number前面可用large，small等修饰表示程度。anumberof引导的短语作主语时，其后谓语动词必须用复数。e.g.Anumberofstudentsarefondofmusic.【随堂演练】根据句意用thenumberof或anumberof填空(1)thestudentsinourclassis65.(2)1haveletterstowrite.单项选择Thenumberofteachersinourschoolgreatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;is重点句型分析1.Howmuchtimedostudentsspendonhomeworkeveryday?【句子结构】此句相当于Howlongdostudentsspendonhomeworkeveryday?【解析】spend动词，“花费（时间或金钱）”，固定句型结构“主语+spend+时间／金钱+onsth./(in)doingsth”表示“某人在（做）某事上花费时间／金钱”。e.g.Ispenttwohoursonmyhomeworkyesterday.=Ispenttwohours(in)doingmyhomeworkyesterday.词条含义意义spend花费(时间/金钱)主语通常为人，固定句型“Sb.+spend(s)+sometime/money+on／(in)doingsth.”cost花费(金钱)主语为物，固定句型“Sthcost(s)sb.somemoney”pay付(钱)主语为人，固定句型“Sb.+pay(s)somemoneyforsth”take花费(时间)it作形式主语，固定句型“Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth”e.g.Everyday，Ispendonehour(in)watchingTV.Theskirtcostsme300yuan.Iwillpay60dollarsforthatdress.Itusuallytakesus30minutestoplaysportseveryafternoon.【随堂演练】.Theyfivedaysfinishingthework.A.paidB.tookC..ItMr.Greenanhourtofixuphisbicycleyesterday.A.costB.paidC.spentD.took.Thisdresslooksbeautifulonyou.Howmuchisit?Itmemorethanathousandyuan.A.spentB.costC.took2.ChinesestudentshavemoreweeksoffforthesummerholidaysthanBritishstudents.【固定短语】havesometimeoff“有一段时间的假期”，其中have可用take替换”；off为副词，可以和不同的词组搭配，表示“休息；停止（工作）”，相当于livefromdayorweek.e.g.Sheisofftoday.Wehavetwomonthsoffinthesummertimeeveryyear.【注意】givesb.sometimeoff"准某人一段时间的假期”。e.g.Hisbossgavehimthreedaysoff.【拓展】副词off常构成短语：turnoff关，关掉takeoff脱下；起飞putoff延期falloff从……上落下【随堂演练】.I’msorryyoudidn'thavefun.A.inyourdayoffB.onyourdayoffC.inyouroffdayD.onyouroffday.Don'ttoday'sworkfortomorrow.Today'sworkmustbedonetoday.A.putupB.putoutC.putoffD.giveup3.Ilookedthroughthequestionsquickly.【解析】lookthrough“浏览，快速查看”，相当于gothrough。例如：Herearethebooksforyoutolookthrough.【拓展】lookthrough“看穿；审核”。例如：Supermancanlookthroughwalls.【随堂演练】我想在吃饭时把四份报纸看一遍。Itrytofournewspapersatthetable.4.Ireadveryslowlyatfirst,butIamdoingbetternow.【解析】atfirst“起初，首先”，相当于firstofall,是表示事情发生的先后顺序。反义短语为finally,atlast或intheend.例如：Atfirstshejustsmiled,thenshestartedtolaugh.Ourfootballteamplayedbadlyatfirst,butduringthesecondhalf,theydidbetterandwewonthegameatlast/intheend.【随堂演练】他起初刚到伦敦时很孤单。HewaslonelywhenhemovedtoLondon.Ialsokeepwriting①inEnglishaboutmydaily②life.【解析】①keep(on)doingsth“持续做某事，连续做某事”，表示保持同一动作的持续状态或连续不断的动作。keep动词，“保持，继续”。例如：Myfatherkeepsworkingtilllateeveryevening.Hekept(on)askingustorememberteamwork.【拓展】keepsb/sthdoingsth“让某人/某物不停地做某事”，keep动词，“使......处于某种状态”。例如：Ikeptthemwaitingonthegate.Don’tkeepthefireburningwhenyouareout.②daily形容词，“每日的；日常的”，相当于everyday.【固定短语】dailyEnglish“日常英语”，dailylife“日常生活”。例如：Now,ourdailylifeisaffectedbyputers.【拓展】daily名词，”日报“，复数为dailies.例如：ChineseDailyisveryfamousinChina.【辨析】daily/everyday与everyday单词用法daily/everyday形容词时，只作名词的前置定语everyday时间副词状语，不能作定语，常与一般现在时连用例如：Ienjoymydaily/everydaylife.Theygoshoppinginthetowneveryday.【随堂演练】Ifwekeeptheland,thefarmerswillhavenowheretolive.Asweallknow,it’snotpolitetokeepothersforalongtime.(3)ShekeepsspeakingEnglish.A.everyday;everydayB.everyday;everydayC.everyday;everydayD.everyday;everyday(4)It’sgoodforstudentstospeakEnglish.’s;everydayB.daily;everydayC.everyday;everydayD.daily;everyday6.Whendoyoufinishschool?【解析】finish动词，“完成；结束”，后接名词、代词或动名词，但不能接动词不定式。【固定结构】finishdoingsth“完成做某事”。同义词为end;反义词为start.例如：Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Ifinishedreadingthebook.【提醒】在英语中有些类似finish的动词，只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式的还有：enjoy“喜欢”，mind“介意”，miss“错过”，bebusy“忙于”等。【随堂演练】MayIhavearest?Ihavealreadyfinishedthereport.7.Wedonotneedtogetupearly,andwehavelotsoftimeforafterschoolactivities.【解析】havetimeforsth“有时间做某事”，其中time前面可以有lotsof、具体时间、no等限定词来修饰。例如：Mymotherhaslotsoftimeforhertrip.Ihavetwohoursformyhomework.WearebusysowehavenotimeforTV.【拓展】havetimeforsth相当于havetimetodosth“有时间做某事”。例如：Shehastolookafterhersickmother,soshehasnotimeforplaying/toplay.【随堂演练】1.Myuncleisaworker,sohehaseighthoursforworkeveryday.=Myuncleisaworker,sohehaseighthourseveryday.2.学生们每天有两个小时的活动时间。Studentstwohoursactivitieseveryday.8.Welistentomusicatlunchtime.【解析】atlunchtime“在午餐时间”，也可以写成atlunchtime.例如：Weonlyhadalittlesnackatlunchtime.【拓展】atlunch“在吃午餐”；atbreakfast“早餐时，正吃早餐”；atdinner“在吃饭”You’dbetternotgotoseehimatlunch.【随堂演练】这样的话，我就可以在午餐时间来看您了，王老师！Icaneandseeyou,MissWang!重点语法讲解（一）两者比较数量①more...than...表示“...比...多”，其结构为“more十可数名词复数或不可数名词+than...”e.g.IhavemoreapplesthanSimon=MyapplesaremorethanSimon's.PeterhasmorericethanLily(does).②fewer...than...或less...than...表示“...比...少”，其结构为“fewer+可数名词复数+than...”或“less+不可数名词+than...”e.g.Thiscatcaughtfewermicethanthatone(did).LilyhaslessricethanPeter(does).【注意】固定结构中的more是many和much的比较级；fewer是few的比较级；less是little的比较级。（二）三者或三者以上比较数量①themost...表示“最多...”，其结构为“themost+可数名词复数或不可数名词”Johngotthemostpointsinhisclass.Simonhasthemostmoneyofthethree.②thefewest...或theleast...表示“最少...”，其结构为“thefewest+可数名词复数”或“theleast+不可数名词”。Heatethefewestgrapesofthethreeboys.．在三个男孩子中他吃的葡萄最少。ThereistheleastmoneyinKitty'spurse.=Kittyhastheleastmoneyinherpurse.【注意】固定结构中的most是many和much的最高级；fewest是few的最高级；least是little的最高级。【随堂演练】1.单项选择(1)Ididn'tbuythesecondhandbookbecausethesellerwantedmoneythanIhadexpected.A.lessB.leastC.mostD.more(2)Heeats____foodthanhisbrother.A.fewB.littleC.fewer2.用themost,thefewest填空Andy,AmyandIareintheReadingClub.Wealllikereadingstorybooks.Ihavetenstorybooks.Andyhasfivestorybooks.Amyhasthree.Ihavestorybooksofus.Amyhasstorybooksofus.（三）副词的比较级和最高级【解析】1.定义:副词的比较级用于两者之间程度的比较，三者或三者以上的程度的比较，要用最高级。2.常用句式结构：①比较级：A+动词十副词比较级+than+B，表示“A较B...”。e.g.SandylistensmorecarefullythanJane.②最高级：A+谓语动词(the)+最高级(+of/in／among短语)。e.g.Jackjumped(the)highestinhisclass.3.副词的比较级和最高级的构成方法：副词的比较级、最高级和形容词的比较级、最高级的构成相似，分为规则和不规则变化。A.规则变化单音节词和部分双音节词构词规则