基于Freescale-HCS12系列单片机设计和实现抢答器-外文翻译

外文资料原文DesignandImplementofResponderBasedonFreescaleHCS12SingleChipMicrocomputerResponderisalsoknownasthefirstsignaldiscriminator,whichiswidelyusedinvariouscompetitions.Itcanjudgethenumberofthefirstplayeraccurately,fairlyandintuitively.Currently,avarietyofquizresponderhasemergedonthemarket,inwhichasmallresponderiscommonlydesignedwithsmall-scaledigitalintegratedcircuit.Althoughthetechnologyhasbeenquitemature,butitissimplefunction,lowintelligence,highfault,simpledisplay,lessflexibility,notconvenienceforupgrade,ithasbeenunabletomeetallkindsofrequirementsforintellectualcompetitionsandvarietyshows.Therefore,itisnecessarytodevelopsomekindsofresponderwhicharemoresuitableforapplications.Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theapplicationsofsingle-chipmicrocomputerarebecomingwidely,whichpromotesthedevelopmentoftraditionalmeasurementandcontroltechnology.Inthispaper,FreescaleHCS12[1-3]isdesignedasacorecomponenttoachieveanintelligentdigitalresponderwith8-channel[4-8],ithassomebreakthroughsontechnology,functionandotheraspects,comparingwiththepastresponder.Itischaracterizedbysimplestructure,powerful,goodreliability,practicability,sothatthecompetitioncanreallycarriedoutonjust,fairandopenrules.Thebasicfunctionsofresponderdesignedinthispaperare:(1)Thesystemcanlimitthecompetitiontimeandanswertimeofthealarm;(2)Thesystemcanidentifytheanswersignalandidentifytheplayer'snumber;(3)Thesystemcancalculatescoreforeachplayeranddisplaythescores.Respondercanaccommodate8playersnumbered1to8.Inaddition,LEDdigitaltubesaredesignedtodisplaythelatcheddata.Afterracehostclearsthesystem,ifparticipantspressswitch,andafteransweriscertificatedwhetheritiscorrectornot,thenumberoffirstplayertoanswerinactionisimmediatelyshownbydigitaltubes.Respondershouldhaveastrongabilitytodistinguishplayerstoanswerintheaction,itsresolutionreachesatleastafewmsAftertherequirementsandfunctionsofresponderareanalyzed,thefollowingcircuitsarerequiredingeneral:1、RespondercircuitThecircuithastwofunctions:oneistoidentifythenumberoftheplayerwhopressbutton,andtosavethenumber;theotheristoprohibittheotherplayersfrombuttoningortomakeotherbuttonsnotavailable2、TimingcircuitsHostcansetcompetitiontimeandanswertimebythetimepre-set-circuit.Ifnobodycananswerquestionwithinthesettime,allplayerswillnotgetscore,thenthehostwillannouncetheanswer.Besides,ifsomeonegetsthechancetoanswerthequestion,butdoesnotgivetherightresultbeforetheallowabletime,heorshewon'tgetthescore,theovertimesignalwillbealsosend,thehostwilldeclaretherightanswer.FreescaleHCS12containstimermodule,thetimermodulecanbedirectlyused.3、OvertimecircuitHCS12willsendovertimesignalwhentimegoesbeyondthesettime,thissignalwillbetransferredtothePCcomputerbytheserialport.Thenextquestionwillbeproceededtoanswer.4、Scorescountanddisplaycircuit.Whenhostpressestheanswerkey,itistimetostarttoanswer,ifoneplayerpressestheanswerkey,hisorhernumberwillberecorded,hisorherscorewillbecountedanddisplayedontheLEDdigitaltubes.Bedsidethecircuitsdesignedabove,somenecessarylogicdesignsarealsonecessary.Thelogicdesignsareasfollowing:First,thehostwillreadthequestionwhichwillshowintheLCD;next,thePCcomputerwillsendletter"k",whichmeansthatplayisbeginningtocompetition.Atthesametime,timingcircuitstartstowork,ifnobodygetsthechancetoanswerthequestionwithinpermittedtime,microcontrollerwillsendtheword"chaoshi"toPCcomputer;Ifsomeonepressesthecompetitionkeywithinthespecifiedtime,microcontrollerwillsendhisorhernumber.Ifthetimegoesbeyondthepermittedtime,PCcomputerwillsend"next"whichmeansturningtothenextquestion,thenextquestionwillbeautomaticallyshowedtoanswer.Ifsomeplayergetsthechancetoanswerthequestion,hisorhernumberandscoreswilldecrease1automaticallyandshowinthedigitaltubes,thenmicrocontrollersends"next"togoonthenextquestion.Ifthescoreisfewthan0afterdecreasing,playeriseliminated.TherightanswerwillshowontheLCD.Finally,ifallthequestionsaredone,microcontrollerwillsend"e"toendthegame,thenthescoresofallplayerswillbecomputed,thehighestonewillbeshownonthedigitaltubes.Responderhardwareisfirstlydesigned;ResponderhardwareistakendirectlyfromthehardwareresourcesofFreescaleHCS12developmentboarddevelopedbySuzhouUniversity.ThedevelopmentboardtakesMC9S12DG128asthecore,usingmodulardesignapproach,itextractspartofI/Oresources,anditalsoprovideseachmodulewithacorrespondinginterfacecircuit.ItalsoprovidesA/Dinputchannels,PWMlow-passfiltercircuits,16-keykeyboardinputchannels,8-bitdigitalI/Ocircuits,SPII/Ocircuits,SCIcommunicationcircuits,ICbutI/Oexpansion被记录，他或她的分数将计算并显示在LED数码管显示。设计也是必要的。逻辑设计是如下：首先，主机会读取这将在LCD显示的问题，其次，PC机将发送字母“K”，这意味着该剧开始竞争。与此同时，定时电路开始工作，如果没有人得到机会允许的时间内回答问题，微控制器会发出单词“超市”到PC电脑，如果有人按下指定时间内竞争的关键，单片机将送他或她的编号。如果时间超出了允许的时间，PC机将发送“下一步”，这意味着将目光转向了​​下一个问题，下一个问题将被自动显示来回答。如果某些选手都有机会来回答这个问题，他或她的编号和成绩将自动减少1，并显示在数码管，然后单片机发送“下一步”继续下一个问题。如果分数是几比0后下降，选手被淘汰。正确的答案将显示在LCD上。最后，如果所有的问题都做了，微控制器会发出“E”来结束比赛，然后所有选手的分数将被计算，最高的一位将在数码管显示。抢答器的硬件首先设计;抢答器的硬件是由飞思卡尔HCS12开发板由苏州大学开发的硬件资源直接服用。该开发板采用MC9S12DG128为核心，采用模块化设计方法，它提取的I/O资源的一部分，而且还提供了每个模块有相应的接口电路。它还提供了A/D输入通道，PWM低通滤波电路，16键键盘输入通道，8位数字I/O电路，SPI的I/O电