2017年山东青岛大学翻译硕士英语考研真题

》》》》》》2023年整理历年要考研试题资料《《《《《《》》》》》》2023年整理历年要考研试题资料《《《《《《/》》》》》》2023年整理历年要考研试题资料《《《《《《2017年山东青岛大学翻译硕士英语考研真题PartI.Cloze(20points)Directions:thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoumustchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.1theturnofthecenturywhenjazzwasborn,Americahadnoprominent2ofitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenjazzwas3,orbywhom.Butitbegantobe4intheearly1900s.JazzisAmericascontributionto5music.Incontrasttoclassicalmusic,which6formalEuropeantraditions,jazzisspontaneousandfreeform.Itbubbleswithenergy,7themoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920sjazz8likeAmerica,and9itdoestoday.The10ofthismusicareasinterestingasthemusic11.AmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,werethejazz12.TheywerebroughttoSouthernStates13slaves.Theyweresoldtoplantationownersandforcedtoworklong14.WhenaNegrodiedhisfriendandrelatives15aprocessiontocarrythebodytothecemetery.InNewOrleans,abandoftenaccompaniedthe16.Onthewaytothecemeterythebandplayedslow,solemnmusicsuitedtotheoccasion.17onthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Deathhadremovedoneoftheir18,butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayed19music,improvisingonboththeharmonyandthemelodyofthetunes20atthefuneral.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.1.A.ByB.AtC.InD.On2.A.musicB.songC.melodyD.style3.A.discoveredB.actedC.inventedD.designed4.A.noticedB.foundC.listenedD.heard5.A.classicalB.sacredC.popularD.light6.A.formsB.followsC.approachesD.introduces7.A.expressingB.explainingC.exposingD.illustrating8.A.appearedB.feltC.seemedD.sounded9.A.asB.soC.eitherD.neither10.A.originsB.originalsC.discoveriesD.resources11.A.concernedB.itselfC.availableD.oneself12.A.playersB.followersC.fansD.pioneers13.A.forB.asC.withD.by14.A.monthsB.weeksC.hoursD.times15.A.demonstratedB.composedC.hostedD.formed16.A.demonstrationB.processionC.bodyD.march17.A.EvenB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.But18.A.numberB.membersC.bodyD.relations19.A.sadB.solemnC.happyD.funeral20.A.whistledB.sungC.presentedD.showedPartII.ErrorCorrection(10points)Directions:thepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinarightway.Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foranunnecessaryword,crossouttheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/”andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Sportingactivitiesareessentiallymodifiedformsofhuntingbehavior.Viewingbiologically,themodern1.________footballerisrevealedasamemberofadisguisedhuntingpack.Hiskillingweaponhasturnedintoaharmlessfootballandhispreyintoagoal-mouth.Ifhisaimisinaccurateandhescoresagoal,2.________enjoysthehunter'striumphofkillinghisprey.3.________Tounderstandhowthistransformationhastakenplacewemustbrieflylookupat4.________ourancientancestors.Theyspentoveramillionyearevolvingasco-operativehunters.5.________Theirverysurvivaldependedonsuccessinthehunting-field.UnderthispressureTheirwholewayoflife,eveniftheirbodies6.________becameradicallychanged.Theybecamechasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,throwersandprey-killers.Theyco-operate7.________asskillfulmale-groupattackers.Then,abouttenthousandyearsago,Whenthisimmenselylongformativeperiod8.________ofhuntingforfood,theybecamefarmers.Theirimprovedintelligence,sovitaltotheiroldhuntinglife,wereputtoanewuse,that9.________is,penning,controllinganddomesticatingtheirprey.Thefoodwasthereonthefarms,awaitingtheirneeds.Therisksanduncertaintiesoffarming10.________werenolongeressentialforsurvival.PartIII.ReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.Passage1Duringtheseventeenthandeighteenthcenturies,almostnothingwaswrittenaboutthecontributionsofwomenduringthecolonialperiodandtheearlyhistoryofthenewlyformedUnitedStates.Lackingtherighttovoteandabsentfromtheseatsofpower,womenwerenotconsideredanimportantforceinhistory.AnneBradstreetwrotesomesignificantpoetryintheseventeenthcentury,MercyOtisWarrenproducedthebestcontemporaryhistoryoftheAmericanRevolution,andAbigailAdamspennedimportantlettersshowingsheexercisedgreatpoliticalinfluenceoverherhusband,John,thesecondPresidentoftheUnitedStates.Butlittleornonoticewastakenofthesecontributions.Duringthesecenturies,womenremainedinvisibleinhistorybooks.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thislackofvisibilitycontinued,despitetheeffortsoffemaleauthorswritingaboutwomen.Thesewriters,likemostoftheirmalecounterparts,wereamateurhistorians.Theirwritingswerecelebratoryinnature,andtheywereuncriticalintheirselectionanduseofsources.Duringthenineteenthcentury,however,certainfeministsshowedakeensenseofhistorybykeepingrecordsofactivitiesinwhichwomenwereengaged.National,regional,andlocalwomen'sorganizationscompiledaccountsoftheirdoings.Personalcorrespondence,newspaperclippings,andsouvenirsweresavedandstored.Thesesourcesfromthecoreofthetwogreatestcollectionsofwomen'shistoryintheUnitedStatesoneattheElizabethandArthurSchlesingerLibraryatRadclifféCollege,andtheothertheSophiaSmithCollectionatSmithCollege.Suchsourceshaveprovidedvaluablematerialsforlatergenerationsofhistorians.Despitethegatheringofmoreinformationaboutordinarywomenduringthenineteenthcentury,mostofthewritingaboutwomenconformedtothe"greatwomen"theoryofhistory,justasmuchofmainstreamAmericanhistoryconcentratedon"greatmen."TodemonstratethatwomenweremakingsignificantcontributionstoAmericanlife,femaleauthorssingledoutwomenleadersandwrotebiographies,orelseimportantwomenproducedtheirautobiographies.Mostoftheseleaderswereinvolvedinpubliclifeasreformers,activistsworkingforwomen'srighttovote,orauthors,andwerenotrepresentativeatallofthegreatofordinarywoman.Thelivesofordinarypeoplecontinued,generally,tobeuntoldintheAmericanhistoriesbeingpublished.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A)TheroleofliteratureinearlyAmericanhistoriesB)TheplaceofAmericanwomeninwrittenhistoriesC)ThekeensenseofhistoryshownbyAmericanwomenD)The"greatwomen"approachtohistoryusedbyAmericanhistorians2.Theword"contemporary"inline6meansthatthehistorywasA)informativeB)writtenatthattimeC)thoughtfulD)faultfinding3.Inthefirstparagraph,Bradstreet,Warren,andAdamsarementionedtoshowthatA)awoman'sstatuswaschangedbymarriageB)eventhecontributionsofoutstandingwomenwereignoredC)onlythreewomenwereabletogettheirwritingpublishedD)poetryproducedbywomenwasmorereadilyacceptedthanotherwritingbywomen4.Inthesecondparagraph,whatweaknessinnineteenth-centuryhistoriesdoestheauthorpointout?A)TheyputtoomuchemphasisondailyactivitiesB)Theyleftoutdiscussionoftheinfluenceofmoneyonpolitics.C)Thesourcesoftheinformationtheywerebasedonwerenotnecessarilyaccurate.D)Theywereprintedonpoor-qualitypaper.5.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormentionsallofthefollowingaspossiblerolesofnineteenth-century"greatwomen"EXCEPTA)authorsB)reformersC)activistsforwomen'srightsD)politiciansPassage2Everyfall,likeclockwork,LindaKrentzofBeaverton,Oregon,feltherbraingoonstrike.“Ijustcouldn’tgetgoinginthemorning,”shesays.“I’dgetdepressedandgain10poundseverywinterandlosethemagaininthespring.”Thenshereadaboutseasonalaffectivedisorder,aformofdepressionthatoccursinfallandwinter,andshesawthelight—literally.Everymorningnowsheturnsonaspeciallyconstructedlightboxforhalfanhourandsitsinfrontofittotrickherbrainintothinkingit’sstillenjoyingthoselongsummerdays.Itseemstowork.Krentzisnotalone.Scientistsestimatethat10millionAmericanssufferfromseasonaldepressionand25millionmoredevelopmilderversions.Butthere’sneverbeendefinitiveproofthattreatmentwithverybrightlightsmakesadifference.Afterall,it’shardtodoadouble-blindtestwhenthesubjectscanseeforthemselveswhetherornotthelightison.That’swhynobodyhaseverseparatedtherealeffectsoflighttherapyfromplacebo(安慰剂)effects.Untilnow,inthreeseparatestudiespublishedlastmonth,researchersreportnotonlythatlighttherapyworksbetterthanaplacebobutthattreatmentisusuallymoreeffectiveintheearlymorningthanintheevening.Intwoofthegroups,theplaceboproblemwasresolvedbytellingpatientstheywerecomparinglightboxestoanewanti-depressantdevicethatemitsnegativelychargedions.Thethirdusedthetimingoflighttherapyasthecontrol.Whydoeslighttherapywork?Noonereallyknows.“Ourresearchsuggestsithassomethingtodowithshiftingthebody’sinternalclock,”sayspsychiatristDr.Lewey.Thebodyisprogrammedtostartthedaywithsunrise,heexplains,andthisgetslaterasthedaysgetshorter.Butwhysuchsubtleshiftsmakesomepeopledepressedandnotothersisamystery.Thathasn’tstoppedthousandsofwinterdepressivesfromtryingtohealthemselves.Lightboxesforthatpurposeareavailablewithoutadoctor’sprescription.ThatbotherspsychologistMichaelTermanofColumbiaUniversity.Heisworriedthattheboxesmaybetriedbypatientswhosufferfrommentalillnessthatcan’tbetreatedwithlight.Termanhasdevelopedaquestionnairetohelpdeterminewhetherexpertcareisneeded.Inanyevent,youshouldchooseareputablemanufacturer.Whateverproductyouuseshouldemitonlyvisiblelight,becauseultravioletlightdamagestheeyes.Ifyouarephotosensitive,youmaydeveloparash.Otherwise,themaindrawbackishavingtositinfrontofthelightfor30to60minutesinthemorning.That’saninconveniencemanywinterdepressivescanlivewith.1.WhatistheprobablecauseofKrentz’sproblem?A)Anunexpectedgaininbodyweight.B)Unexplainedimpairmentofhernervoussystem.C)Weakeningofhereyesightwiththesettinginofwinter.D)Pooradjustmentofherbodyclocktoseasonalchanges.2.BysayingthatLindaKrentz“sawthelight”(Line4,Para.1),theauthormeansthatshe“_____”.A)learnedhowtoloseweightB)realizedwhatherproblemwasC)cametoseetheimportanceoflightD)becamelight-heartedandcheerful3.WhatistheCURRENTviewconcerningthetreatmentofseasonaldepressionwithbrightlights?A)Itseffectremainstobeseen.B)Itservesasakindofplacebo.C)Itprovestobeaneffectivetherapy.D)Ithardlyproducesanyeffects.4.WhatispsychologistMichaelTerman’smajorconcern?A)Winterdepressiveswillbeaddictedtousinglightboxes.B)Nomentalpatientswouldbothertoconsultpsychiatrists.C)Inferiorlightboxeswillemitharmfulultravioletlights.D)Lighttherapycouldbemisusedbycertainmentalpatients.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A)Winterdepressivespreferlighttherapyinspiteofitsinconvenience.B)Lighttherapyincreasesthepatient’sphotosensitivity.C)Eyedamageisasideeffectoflighttherapy.D)Lightboxescanbeprogrammedtocorrespondtoshiftsinthebodyclock.Passage3Theterm"folksong"hasbeencurrentforoverahundredyears,butthereisstillagooddealofdisagreementastowhatitactuallymeans.ThedefinitionprovidedbytheInternationalFolkMusicCouncilstatesthatfolkmusicisthemusicofordinarypeople,whichispassedonfrompersontopersonbybeinglistenedtoratherthanlearnedfromtheprintedpage.Otherfactorsthathelpshapeafolksonginclude:continuity(manyperformancesoveranumberofyears);variation(changesinwordsandmelodieseitherthroughartisticinterpretationorfailureofmemory);andselection(theacceptanceofasongbythecommunityinwhichitevolves).Whensongshavebeensubjectedtotheseprocessestheiroriginisusuallyimpossibletotrace.Forinstance,ifafarmlaborerweretomakeupasongandsingittoacoupleoffriendswholikeitandmemorizeit,possiblywhenthefriendscometosingitthemselvesoneofthemmightforgetsomeofthewordsandmakeupnewonestofillthegap,whiletheother,perhapsmoreartistic,mightaddafewdecorativetouchestothetuneandimproveacoupleoflinesoftext.Ifthishappenedafewtimestherewouldbemanydifferentversions,thesong'soriginalcomposerwouldbeforgotten,andthesongwouldbecomecommonproperty.Thisconstantreshapingandre-creationistheessenceoffolkmusic.Consequently,modempopularsongsandotherpublishedmusic,eventhoughwidelysungbypeoplewhoarenotprofessionalmusicians,arenotconsideredfolkmusic.Themusicandwordshavebeensetbyaprintedorrecordedsource,limitingscopeforfurtherartisticcreation.Thesesongs'originscannotbedisguisedandthereforetheybelongprimarilytothecomposerandnottoacommunity.Theidealsituationforthecreationoffolkmusicisanisolatedruralcommunity.Insuchasettingfolksongsanddanceshaveaspecialpurposeateverystageinaperson'slife,fromchildhoodtodeath.Epictalesofheroicdeeds,seasonalsongsrelatingtocalendarevents,andoccupationalsongsarealsolikelytobesung.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheterm"folksong"issupportedbythepassage?A)Ithasbeenusedforseveralcenturies.B)TheInternationalFolkMusicCouncilinventedit.C)Itisconsideredtobeout-of-date.D)Thereisdisagreementaboutitsmeaning.2.Theword"subjected"inline9isclosestinmeaningtoA)reducedB)modifiedC)exposedD)imitated3.Accordingtothepassage,whywouldtheoriginalcomposersoffolksongsbeforgotten?A)Audiencesprefersongscomposedbyprofessionalmusicians.B)Singersdislikethedecorativetouchesinfolksongtunes.C)Numerousvariationsoffolksongscometoexistatthesametime.D)Folksongsarenotconsideredanimportantformofmusic.4.Theword"essence"inline16isclosestinmeaningtoA)basicnatureB)growingimportanceC)fullextentD)firstphase5.TheauthormentionsthatpublishedmusicisnotconsideredtobefolkmusicbecauseA)theoriginalcomposercanbeeasilyidentifiedB)thesongsattractonlytheyoungpeopleinacommunityC)thesongsaregenerallyperformedbyprofessionalsingersD)thecomposerswritethemusicinruralcommunitiesPartIV.Translation(40points)Directions:(1)TranslatethefollowingfromEnglishintoChinese(20points)Hiswas,infact,asavagelydividedchildhood.Compelledtogrowupinanenvironmentandahouseholdwhichhehatedwitheveryinstinctivesenseofloathingandrepulsionofhisbeing,hefoundhimselflongingconstantlyforanotheruniverseshapedinthecolorsofhisowndesire.Andbecausehewastoldincessantlythattheonehehatedwasgood