广州版7年级英语下册语法U1冠词play用法

广州初一英语语法学案rce、Warm-up:ReadingUnitl定冠词the和动词play的用法Aliceismybestfriend.Sheisatallgirlwithglasses.Sheoftentellsjokestomakemelaugh,butshenevermakesfunofothers.Aliceisasmartgirl.HeisgoodatMaths.Weoftenstudyandplaytabletennistogether.Ihopewewillalwaysremainfriends.考1.掌握冠词泛指、特指的用法；纲2.掌握定冠词和不定冠词的常见搭配；要求3.冠词和名词连用表示类别。命题规律冠词考查的内容主要集中在三种冠词的搭配及其用法上。一、重难点1）不定冠词a和an的区别;2）定冠词the的运用；3）零冠词的用法；4）冠词的固定搭配。5）play的动词搭配二、精讲点拨冠词一共有三种，分别是不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词的情况）。学习冠词我们首先需要明确几个概念。特指：指特定的人或物，名词前用定冠词the。如,themaninthemirror,thewaterintheglass,thethreestudents泛指：泛泛提及的人或事物。aboy,amoviethreestudents类指：人或者物分类时的所指，用于区别其他的人或事物。Adogisananimal.Thedogisananimal.Dogsareanimals.Waterisakindofliquid.不定冠词a和an多用来修饰单数可数名词1）a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如:aboy,auniversitystudent;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：anapple,anhonestboy注意:有些字母虽然是元音字母，但是却不发元音，如字母u,以u开头的单词第一个音凡是发［ju?］前面皆用a,若第一个音为［?］前面则用an,如：ausefulbook,anuncle.2）表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。例如：Thatisapen,notapencil.那是钢笔而不是铅笔。（指属于某一种类）Givehimapear,please请给他一个梨。（指某一种类中的任何一个）3）和one的区别：a/an表示类别,种类；one强调数量abus（表示是一辆公交车而不是一辆小汽车也不是火车）onebus（强调是一辆车而不是两辆或三辆）4）表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。例如：threetimesaday,10yuanakilosixclassadaythirtymilesanhour等。【即时即练1】选用a或an填空（1）Hissisteristeacher.（2）Thisisyoungman.（3）JackwantstobeEnglishteacher.（4）MissLeeisladynurse.（5）universityteacherlivesnearus.（6）Iwillcallyouinhalfhour.（7）Peoplehavethreemealsday.（8）Jeremyishoneststudent.（9）Whatinterestingmovieitis!（10）Mydreamistobeengineer.2.定冠词the的用法：定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。女口：Doyouknowthegirlinaredskirt?你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗?BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中国的首都。第一次提到的东西用不定冠词a(n),第二次提及则用the。如：Peterhasadog.Thedogisveryclever.Thereisabookonthedesk.Thebookisveryinteresting.the用于说话人和听话人双方都知道的人或物。如：Openthewindow,please.MayIusethecomputer?the用于世上独一无二的名称前。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.the用于表示方位和表西洋乐器的名词前。如：Peteristheboyontheleft.Thesunrisesintheeast.Rosecanplaythepiano.the用于姓氏复数形式前，表示某人夫妇或一家人。如：TheGreensarefromEngland.TheBrownshaveaholidayinWales.the用于形容词序数词和最高级前。如：Iliveonthethirdfloor.Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourclass.the与某些形容词连用表示一类人。如：Therichhavealotofmoney.Weshouldhelptheold.用在由普通名词构成的表示场所或国家的专有名词前。theGreatWall长城theSummerPlace颐和园thePeople'sSquare人民广场theUnitedStates美国用于某些固定词组中。例如:inthemorning/afternoon/evening，bytheway等【即时即练2】Thereisoldbike.oldbikeisMr.Zhao's.A.an;TheB.the;AnC.a;TheD.the;Theappleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.A.TheB.AC.AnD.Two—Howmanybooksdoyouhave?—Ihavebook.That'sEnglishbook.A.a;anB.a;oneC.one;anD.one;oneAtthattimeTomwaseight-year-oldbaby.A.aB.anC.theD./tigerisfromChina.A.The;aB.A;theC.The;/D.The;theWecan'tseesunatnight.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;/Oneafternoonhefoundhandbag.Therewas“s”onthecornerofhandbag.A.a;an;theB.a;a;theC.an;an;anD.the;a;aoldladywithwhitehairspokeEnglishwellatmeeting.A.An;an;aB.The;/;anC.The;/;aD.The;/;theGreatWallislongestwallintheworld.A.A;aB.The;theC.A;theD.The;awomanoverthereispopularteacherinourschool.A.A;anB.The;aC.The;theD.A;the零冠词的用法：1）在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词Electricityisusefulinourdailylife.Icefeelscold.Knowledgeispower,2）国名、地名和人名前通常不用定冠词EnglandGuangzhouMaryMr.Green3）在星期、月份、季节等名词前SundayMarchsummerwinter4）名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格修饰时（my，this，those，these等）如：thismorningmypenyourwatchwhosebike等5）在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：havebreakfastplaychessplaybasketball6）当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词bybusbytrainbycarbyairbybikebyplane7）有些个体名词不用冠词如:school,college/university,prison,hospital,bed,table,church，等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义；gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院（并不是去看病,而是有其他目的）【即时即练3】---Whatdaywasityesterday?---ItwasWednesday.aB.theC.anD./---DoesshespeakChinese?---Yes.ThoughshelivesinNewYork.aB.anC./D.theMarch12isTree-plantingDay.A./B.theC.aD.anDoesMissLigotoworkonbusoronfoot?A.an;/B.a;/C.a;theD./;/Helikestolistentomusiconcellphon手机）.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.a;the---DidtheygotoYunnanbytrain?---No,theywenttherebyair.A./;aB./;/C.a;theD.the;aItistoocoldinthenorthinwinter.A./B.aC.anD.the---Whatisyourhobby?---Myhobbyisplayingchesswithmyfather.A.aB.anC.theD./4.play的用法1）play可以用作不及物动词,意思是“玩”Thechildrenareplaying.Don'tplaywithfire.2）play用作及物动词，意思是“打……（球）；弹……（乐器）Heisafootballfanandlikesplayingfootballverymuch.LangLangcouldplaythepianowhenhewasthree.3）play还可以做名词，TVplays电视剧【即时即练4】翻译他每天放学后和他朋友一起玩。他会弹吉他。打篮球是我的爱好之一。三、巩固提升一•冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划X。Thereispictureofelephantonwall.Thisisusefulbook.I'vereaditforhour.elephantismuchheavierthanhorse.doctortoldhimtotakemedicinethreetimesday.Let'sgooutforwalk.It'stoohot.Opendoo，rplease.Thereiswomanoverthere.womanisMeimei'smother.sunrisesineast.ChangjiangRiverislongestriverinChina.WashingtoniscapitalofUSA.GreensarelivingattheendofTurnerStreet.Hejoinedthearmyinspringof1995.oldmanisteacher.Helikesplayingbasketballaftersupper.TheywenttoPeople'sPar，kbutwebothwenttoPeople'sCinemayesterday.TomorrowisChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochooseChristmastreetoday.二．语法填空1Turners特纳一家）comefrom2__USA.They'renowinBeijing.3__istheirfirsttimetobeinChina.They'regoingtostay___4___Chinaforthreemonths.Theywant___5___somebigcitiesandlearnalittleChinese.Mr.Turnerisadriver.HelikestodriveinBeijing.Mrs.Turneris__6___universityteacher.Betty,___7daughterisaschoolgirl.Theytakealotofphotoshere.__8__theyarebacktoAmerica,theywillshowthem__9__theirfriends.Theywant__10___toknowmoreaboutChina.1.A.AB.AnC.TheD./2.A.AB.AnC.TheD./3.A.ThisB.ThoseC.ThatD.These4.A.inB.onC.atD.inside5.A.visitB.visitsC.tovisitD.visiting6.A.aB.anC.theD./7.A.ourB.theirC.hisD.theirs8.A.WhereB.WhattimeC.WhenD.How9.A.withB.toC.forD.at10.A.theAmericansB.theAmericanC.theChineseD.theUSA三．完形填空Onedayarichmanwantedtosellsomegoods（物品）inanothertownandbuysomethingsthere.He1totaketenservants（卜人）withhim.Theywouldcarrythegoodsandalsosome___2___toeatontheirway.Therichmansaidto___3___ofhisservants,"Ali,youarethe___4___andtheweakestone.Youmay5thelightestloa（担子）tocarry."Alithankedhimandchosethe6load.Itwastheirfoodbread.Therichmansaid,"Howfoolish愚蠢）youare!That'stheheaviestone."ButAliwas___7___toliftitup.Andsotheysetoff.Fourhours___8___,theystoppedforarest.Theyall___9___someofthebread.Thentherewas___10___breadforAlitocarry.Eachtimetheyatesome,theloadbecamesmallerandlighter.Atlastthecleverservanthadnothingtocarry.（）1.A.agreedB.likedC.decidedD.refused()2.A.foodB.goodsC.waterD.meat()3.A.allB.bothC.noneD.one()4.A.tallestB.smallestC.busiestD.fastest()5.A.findB.giveC.chooseD.carry()6.A.lightestB.smallestC.bestD.biggest()7.A.gladB.worriedC.sorryD.tired()8.A.earlyB.laterC.pastD.last()9.A.lovedB.putC.calledD.ate()10.A.moreB.littleC.lessD.no四．阅读理解ALookattheinstructionsonthebottleofthemedicineandthenchoosetherightanswers.Johnistwelveyearsold.Hehadabadcoldandcougheddayandnight.Hewenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorgavehimsomecoughmedicine.CoughMedicineShake动摇)itwellbeforeuse.Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals.Dose(药量):Age:over142teaspoonfuls勺)8-131teaspoonful4-71/2teaspoonfulNotrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree.Putitinacoldplace.UseitbeforeDecember1st,2003.Johnshouldtakeaday.2teaspoonfulsB.3teaspoonfulsC.4teaspoonfulsD.1teaspoonfulsThemedicineshouldbekeptin.afridgeB.hotwaterC.anyplaceD.thesunJohnshouldbeforehetakesit.A.shakethemedicineB.eatnothingC.dosomeexerciseD.drinkacupofteaWhenpeopleareyearsold,theycannottakethismedicine.A.eightyB.thirtyC.twoD.twelveJohnwillthemedicinewhenitisleftafterDec.1st,2003.A.throwawayB.stoptotakeC.takeonceD.takesixtimesmoreApotatofarmerwasinprison（监狱）.Itwastimetodigthefieldandplantthepotatoes.Heknewthathiswifewasnotstrong,andcouldnotdothedigging.Andhealsoknewthatnofriendsorneighbourswouldhelphiswifedothedigging.Sohewrotealettertohiswifeandsaid:“Pleasedonotdigthepotatofield.Ihidourmoneythere.”Thedayslaterhegotaletterfromhiswife.Itsaid:“Ithinksomebodyreadyourletterbeforeitgotoutoftheprison.Somepolicemencameheretwodaysagoanddugupthepotatofield.WhatshallIdonow?”Thefarmerwroteback:“Plantthepotatoes,ofcourse”.Wherewasthepotatofarmer?A.InprisonB.OnhisfarmC.AthomeWhichistrueaboutthepotatofarme'rswife?Shewasinprisontoo.Shedugthepotatoesfield.Shewasnotverystrongandcouldnotdigthepotatofield.Didthefarmerhidetheirmoneyinthepotatofield?A.Yeshedid.B.No,hedidnot.C.Idon'tknow.Whodugthepotatofield?A.Thefarmer.B.Thefarmer'swife.C.Somepolicemen.Whydidthepolicemendigupthewholepotatofield?Becausetheywantedtohelpthefarmer.Becausetheywantedtogetthemoneyinthefield.Becausetheywantedtohelpthefarme'rswife.CThebestwayoflearningalanguageisusingit.ThebestwayoflearningEnglishistalkinginEnglishasmuchaspossible.Sometimesyou'llgetyourwordsmixedup（混合）andpeoplewillnotunderstandyou.Sometimespeoplewillsaythingssoquicklythatyoucan'tunderstandthem.Butifyoukeepyoursenseofhumoi幽默感）,youcanalwayshaveagoodlaughatthemistakesyoumake.Don'tbeunhappyifpeopleseemtobelaughingatyourmistakes.It'sbetterforpeopletolaughatyourmistakesthantobeangrywithyou，becausetheydon'tunderstandwhatyouaresaying.ThemostimportantthingforlearningEnglishis：“Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakesbecauseeveryonemakesmistakes”.Thewriterthinksthatthebestwayforyoutolearnalanguageis.A.writingB.listeningC.usingitD.learninggrammarWhatshouldyoudoinlearningEnglish?A.Becarefulnottomakeanymistake.Writeasquicklyasyoucan.Laughmoreoften.SpeakEnglishasmuchasyoucan.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zWhenpeoplelaughatyourmistake，syoushould.A.notcareB.behappyC.feelworriedD.beunhappyWhenyoumakeamistake，youshould.A.keepquietB.keepyoursenseofhumorC.bekindD.getangryThestorytellsus：“”.A.Onlyfoolish（愚蠢的）peoplemakemistakesFewpeoplemakemistakesPeoplenevermakemistakesThereisnoonewhodoesn'tmakemistakesDMynameisLily．Myfatherisateacher．Hisstudentslovehimalotbecauseheisfunn．yIlovehimtoo，butIthinkhecanbe‘foolish'sometimes．Oncewemovedhouseandhadtogoshoppingtobuynewchairsandlights．Inthesupermarket．wesawmanybeautifullights．Ilikesomeofthemandmademyfatherbuythem．Whenwegothome．myfatherbegantoworkouthowmuchmoneywehadspentthatday．Suddenly,hestopped．“Somethingiswrong．”hesaid，“Ihavegot300yuanmorethanIshould．”“That'sgreat,”Isaid,‘'Youcanbuymethatcartoonbookthen,”Fathersaidnothing.Instead，hecountedhowmuchmoneyhehadagainandagain．“Thesalesgirlmusthavemadeamistake错误）.Weshouldgobacktotheshop”hesaid.“Dowehavetogoback?lasked,Nobodywillknowshegaveustoomuchchange．Itwouldbefoolishtogoback．“Itwouldnotbefoolish，”myfathersaidangrily,“It'scalledbeinghones.t”Atthatmoment,Ilookedintohiseyesandknewhewasright.Thesalesgirlwassurprisedtoseeusintheshopagain.Butwhenwegavehermoney,shethankedusalotSuddenlymyfatherstoppedmeandsmiled“Doyoustillwantthatcartoonbook?'heaskedIlookedatmy‘foolish