定语从句课件

TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause

限制性定语从句

Relativewords(关系词）Antecedent(先行词)FunctionRelativePronouns关系代词PersonSubject(主),Object(宾)PersonObjectThingSubject/ObjectPerson/ThingSubject/Object/predicative(表)asPerson/ThingSubject/ObjectPerson's/Thing'sAttributive(定)RelativeAdverbs关系副词PlaceAdverbial(状)TimeAdverbialReasonAdverbialwhosewherewhenwhywhomwhowhichthatThecoronavirusoutbreak_________wastracedtotheHuananSeafoodMarketinWuhanisadisaster.(forthingsoranimalssubject主语pronoun)Thecoronavirusoutbreak________wetracedtotheHuananSeafoodMarketinWuhanisadisaster.(object宾语pronoun)“which”isoftenreplacedby“that”inspokenEnglish.whichwhich/that/thatMillionsofpeople________concernaboutthecurrentepidemicarewatchinglive（直播）ontheInternet.(forpeople,subjectpronoun)Millionsofpeople________thecurrentepidemicaffectarewatchingliveontheInternet.(objectpronoun)“whom”isonlyreallyusedinveryformalEnglish.Itismorecommontouse“who”astheobjectpronounforpeople.“who”and“whom”areoftenreplacedby“that”inspokenEnglish.whowho/that/that/whomthatforpeopleorthings“that”oftenreplaces“who”,“whom”and“which”inspokenEnglish.(subjectorobjectorpredicative表语

pronoun)Tostoptheepidemicfromspreading,Wuhanislockeddown,anditisnolongerthecity_______sheusedtobe.

(

predicativepronoun)thatDr.LiWenliangisawhistleblower______earlywarningshavebeenappreciatedandadmiredafterhisdeath.Wearethankfultothemedicalworkerswithout______helpwewillneverwinthebattleagastthenovelcoronavirus.whosewhose(forpeopleorthingspossessive所属关系的pronoun)positionofprepositions(介词)Therearetwochoicesforthepositionofprepositions1)beforetherelativepronoun(formal)IlikethepeoplewithwhomIwork.2)attheendoftheattrbutiveclause(informal)Ilikethepeoplewho/whom/thatIworkwith.“who”and“that”arenotusedafterprepositions.Ilikethepeoplewithwho/thatIwork.ThisistheschoolinthatIwork.Thisistheschool

inwhichIwork.××√where（relativeadverb）They’llneverforgetthedays________theystudiedtogetherandneverforgettheclassroom_____theystudiedtogether!Thereason____________they’llneverforgetthedaysisthattheyarethemostwonderfuldaysintheirlives!when/duringwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhichRelativeAdverbswhen/where/whyRelativewords(关系词）Antecedent(先行词)FunctionRelativePronouns关系代词PersonSubject(主),Object(宾)PersonObjectThingSubject/ObjectPerson/ThingSubject/Object/predicative(表)asPerson/ThingSubject/ObjectPerson's/Thing'sAttributive(定)RelativeAdverbs关系副词PlaceAdverbial(状)TimeAdverbialReasonAdverbialwhosewherewhenwhywhomwhowhichthat限制性定语从句考点（2017北京卷）Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。(2020龙岩市质检)Chineserestaurantsusedtobeoneofthefewpublicplaces________welcomedAfrican-Americandiners.中餐馆是过去为数不多，欢迎非裔美国人的餐馆之一。thatthat考点1.只用that不用which的情况

1.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistohelphim.3.ThisisthebestforeignfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4.That’stheverytoolthatwearelookingfor.5.Theytalkedaboutthethingsandfriendsthattheycouldremember.6.Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?a.当先行词是all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词或被其修饰时，只用that。b.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级，或被其修饰时，只用that。c.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等所修饰时，只用that。d.先行词既有人又有物只用that。e.主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，只用that。只用that不用which代、高、序、特、双Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway_____hesaidit.(04湖北)A.thatB.whichC.howD.whyA先行词是theway，关系词在定语从句中做状语，这时可用inwhich/that/不填.在现代英语中，how不能引导定语从句。考点2：theway做先行词的特殊用法I’veneverheardsuchfrighteningstories_____hetells.我从未听过他讲那样的吓人故事。I’veneverheardsuchfrighteningstories____Iamscaredtodeath.我从未听过那样的吓人故事,以至于我差点被吓死了。考点3：用as引导限制性定语从句as引导限制性定语从句时，可作主语或宾语，常用于下列句式：such…as...像...一样的thesame...as...和...一样的asthat(定语从句)（结果状语从句）①Thisisthesameumbrella___Ilost.②Thisisthesameumbrella____Ilost.这把雨伞和我弄丢的那把一样。这正是我弄丢的雨伞。析：thesame…as指“同样或同类的”

thesame…

that指“同一个”asthatSalesdirectorisaposition________communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.(2012重庆，29)

考点4：where表示抽象地点的用法wherewhere在定语从句中做地点状语，除了可以表示具体地点之外，还可表示抽象意义的地点。常放在先行词如position,point,situation,case,occasion等词后Salesdirectorisaposition___________manysalespeoplewanttoapplyfor.which/that①ItwasApril29,2011____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.(2011福建，33)②ItwasonApril29,2011____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothePalacehalloftheweddingceremony.

A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.beforeBA考点5：分清定语从句和强调句型

(2017

江苏卷)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_________（be）bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens'statusasaleadingnovelist.

句意：《远大前程》的出版得到广泛地评价和高度地赞扬，也强化了狄更斯作为领袖级小说家的地位。考点6：主谓一致was

当先行词是“theonlyoneof＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式；当先行词是“oneof＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。

①Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______latethismorning.他是今早唯一一个迟到的学生。②Heisoneofthestudentswho______latethismorning.

他是今早所有迟到学生中的一个。Oneofthestudentswaslatethismorning.其中有一个学生迟到了。(主语)was

were

限制性定语从句在写作中的应用restrictiveattributiveclauses

=bettersentencesinEnglishwriting:1.allowusnottorepeatonewordoftenandmakesentencesmorefluent,naturalandvivid.2.addmorewordsandinformation.

如何写出定语从句：方法1：两句涉及同一事物的简单句，将其中一句改为定语从句，去修饰另外一句子中的相同事物。

（注意关系词的选用）方法2：找出这个简单句的中心词，用定语从句丰富其内容或者性质特征。2019全国Ⅰ卷假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1．写信目的：2．个人优势：3．能做的事情。DearSir/Madam,IamaChinesestudentnamedLihua.IamstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.IamdelightedtoknowthatthelocalartgallerywillholdanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsandvolunteersarewantedforit.I'mwritingtoapplyfortheposition.DearSir/Madam,IamaChinesestudentnamedLihua.IamstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.IamaChinesestudentnamedLihuawhoisstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.IamdelightedtoknowthatthelocalartgallerywillholdanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsandvolunteersarewantedforit.I'mwritingtoapplyfortheposition.KnowingthatvolunteersarewantedforanexhibitionofChinesepaintingswhichwillbeheldintheloca