历史学专业英语08-Political-Philosophy

HistoryofIdeasDrMarkJCrowleyE-Mail:MJC83@LIVE.CO.UK精选pptFoundationsUniversalityRootsinAristotle’sthoughtsScience,politics,ethics,aesthetics,rhetoric,poetry,historyAnythingthatcreates‘wonder’精选pptFoundationsAristotle,MetaphysicsProgressivedevelopmentThe‘canon’tomeasureimpactofthoughtSignificantorinsignificant‘permittedsagacity’(Nietzsche)or‘trulygreat’Intellectualhistorywouldgrowovertime精选pptCriticismsNotwelcomedbytraditionalhistoriansSomeconcernedabouttheimpactoftheoryGeoffreyElton‘thevirusoftheory’‘byitsverynature,likelytolosecontactwithreality’(Elton)精选pptDevelopmentArthurLovejoy(1930s)‘Unitideas’tracedthroughtimeFoundationofideasPsychologicalimpact1940–JournaloftheHistoryofIdeas精选pptChangesinsocietyReligionnotsoimportantby19thcenturyPeoplemoreinterestedinrationalityandscience‘welearnthatthereisadefinitemodeofprogressforthemindofman;[and]fromthehistoryoflatertimesweshallfindthatitiseverinthesamedirection’(JWDraper)精选pptAimsandpurpose‘Historiansofideaswanttomakeintelligiblethewaysomeoneelsehasseentheworldintelligible;theywanttounderstandhowsomeoneelsehasunderstoodthings’(MarkBevir)精选pptWhyuseintellectualhistory?Trytounderstandhowcontemporariesunderstoodthepast‘Culturalenvironment’Isphilosophy,literature,art,musicandhistorycreatedagainstthisbackground?The‘Zeitgeist’(spiritofthetime)精选pptKeyquestionsHowdoesculturalandintellectualchangehappen?ReplacementofintellectualframeworksHowdopeoplerespondtointellectualchange?精选pptTheresultsSelf-knowledgethroughexaminingalternativesLiberatedfromtunnelvision精选pptMethodsText-basedstudyReadingandinterpreting‘intrinsic’meaning‘toknowwhatawritermeantbyaparticularworkistoknowwhathisprimaryintentionswereinwritingit’(QuentinSkinner)精选pptMachiavelli,‘ThePrince’(1513)

“Fromthisarisesthequestionwhetheritisbettertobelovedratherthanfeared,orfearedratherthanloved.Itmightperhapsbeansweredthatweshouldwishtobeboth:butsinceloveandfearcanhardlyexisttogether,ifwemustchoosebetweenthem,itisfarsafertobefearedthanloved.”精选pptMachiavelli,‘ThePrince’(1513)“Aprincebeingthusobligedtoknowwellhowtoactasabeastmustimitatethefoxandthelion,forthelioncannotprotecthimselffromtraps,andthefoxcannotdefendhimselffromwolves.Onemustthereforebeafoxtorecognizetraps,andaliontofrightenwolves”.

精选pptUsefulnessandlimitations‘themostimportanthistoricalskillisthatofputtinginformationintocontext’(ConradRussell,1990)Wheredowestop?Whatdowemeanbycontext?Howdoweselectthecontext?精选pptUsefulnessandlimitationsLanguageconsiderationsMeaningchangesthroughtimeHowdoweknow‘thetone’?Howdoweunderstandconceptsthatnolongerexist?精选pptNecessityRichardHPopkin,HistoryofScepticism‘weneedalltheinsightwecangarnerfromthepast,sothatwemayyethaveafuture’InterdisciplinaryIntellectual,socialandpoliticalhistoryPeoplehavelostconfidenceininstitutions精选pptNecessityCannotbeconsideredwithouttheknowledgeofthemenandwomenwhocreated,discussed,wroteaboutandwereconcernedwithideas.LinkedtohistoryofphilosophyandideasStudyideasinthecontextofcultureIdeasdonotdevelopinisolation精选pptKeyfeaturesUnderstandingthepastthroughcontextualisationPolitical,cultural,social,intellectualChronologicalContemporaryPlaceideasfromthepastintomultiplecontexts精选pptThefutureNeverbeabletofind‘thetruth’Globalintellectualhistory?ConnectionswithothersocietiesHistoryofthebook精选pptWhatisthepointofit?InsightintoourownthoughtsandbeliefsLookatalternativesBringtogetherideasth