2022-2023学年江苏省镇江市茅西中学高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年江苏省镇江市茅西中学高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Ilookonitasagoodopportunityto_________freshskillsandbroadenmyknowledge.A.acquire

B.require

C.accept

D.receive参考答案：A2.Theboyisoftenfound_______inreadingbooks.A.absorbs

B.isabsorbed

C.absorbing

D.absorbed参考答案：D3.________confidenceinyourselfisthebiggestbarrier_______greaterprogressinyourwork.A.Lackingof;tomaking

B.Lackof;tomakeC.Lackof;tomaking

D.Thelackof;tomake参考答案：Ｃ略4.Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon'tbetoo_________aboutherjob.A.special

B.responsible

C.unusual

D.particular参考答案：D10.______Iwasachild,I’vewantedtolearntodance.A.Eversince

B.Incase

C.Though

D.Eventhough

参考答案：A略6.Hardly

whentheyrealizedthatitwastoolatetocatchthelasttrain.A.theclockhadstrucktwelve

B.theclockhadbeenstrucktwelveC.hadtheclockbeenstrucktwelve

D.hadtheclockstrucktwelve参考答案：D7.Keepawayfromsmokers,sincenon-smokerswhoarealwaysaroundsmokershavealmostthesame__________ofsufferingfromlungcancer.A.potential

B.occasion

C.symptom

D.anxiety参考答案：A8.Theywillnevergivein_______theymightdoorsayabouttheplan.A.although

B.nomatterhow

C.whatever

D.how参考答案：C9.HissmoothspokenEnglishhasgivenhercertainadvantages_______othersinjobhunting.A.to

B.on

C.above

D.over参考答案：D10.Itstillremainsamysterywhysomepeopleare_______certainflowerfragrancewhileothersarenot.

A.allergicto

B.accustomedto

C.addictedto

D.appealingto参考答案：A

11.—DoyouknowthereasonwhytheWhitesgotdivorced?—No,theyhaven’tquarreledwitheachothersincetheygotmarried._______,theybrokeupfinally.A.Somehow

B.Anyhow

C.Anyway

D.Somewhat参考答案：A12.Theairisbadlypollutedbecausesomefactoriesdon’t

therulestoprotecttheenvironment.A.appreciate

B.regard

C.honor

D.respect参考答案：D13.Mygrandmagaveussandwichesforourpicnicandabagofcookies

.A.inaddition

B.bymistake

C.bychance

D.inhand参考答案：A14.therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Havinggiven B.Give C.Given D.Togive参考答案：C考查过去分词作状语。这里give与句子的主语theseteenagesoccerplayers之间存在动宾关系,所以这里要用过去分词。句意:若给予正确的训练,这些青少年足球运动员有一天可能会成长为国际明星。15.Imake$2,000aweek,60surelywon’tmake____differencetome.A.thatabig

B.athatbig

C.bigathat

D.thatbiga参考答案：D16.Getamoveon!Therunnershave_______theirpositionsonthestartingline.

A.madeup

B.pickedup

C.dressedup

D.takenup参考答案：D略二、完型填空17.Largelybecauseofitsscale,amajorstrategysuchastheBRIinevitablyfindsitselfhavingtonavigatenumerousobstacles.___21___theChinesesayinggoes,"Atalltreeattractsthewind.’’Manycommentatorsseetheprojectasanefforttogainadvantageandgloballeverage___22___geopoliticalrivals,suchastheU.S.,India,andGermany.Thesameconcernsthat___23___inthepastfewyearsaboutinvestmentinChina-limitsonaccesstolucrative(赚钱的)markets,forcedpartnershipswithChinesecompanies,pressuretoyieldtechnologicalknowledgeandintellectualproperty,andrestrictionsoninformationflow-havealsobeenraisedabouttheBeltandRoadInitiative.___24___,webelievesomecommentaryhasbeentooquicktonarrowlylabeltheBRIasapurelygeopoliticalplaybyChinaintended___25___itsinfluenceacrossEastAsiaandCentralAsia.

Therearealsosigns___26___China'sstate-ownedenterprisesarechangingtheirbehavior.TheassociationoftheBRIwith"XiJinpingthought"suggeststhatChinesecompaniesarebeingencouraged___27___qualitygrowthandprofitability,notjustgrowthatanycost.Furthermore,theBRI's___28___withglobalfundingentitiessuchastheWorldBankandtheAsianDevelopmentBankdemonstratesitscommercialfocus.Thecrucialquestionoffunding___29___onlyinpart.TheChinesegovernmenthasallocatedhugesumstoBRIprojects.MajorfundingsourcessuchastheSilkRoadFundandpolicyandcommercialbankshavecommittedto____30____$186billion,asof2016.AtaBRIsummitinChinainMay2017,XiannouncedtheexpansionoftheSilkRoadFundby$14.8billioninadditiontoitsstartingcapitalof$40billion.Policybanksarealso____31____BRImulticurrencyspeciallendingschemes____32____about$56billion.Yeteventhiswillnotbeenoughto____33____everything.Chinais____34____seekingpartnershipswithforeigncompaniesbecause,____35____domesticfinancialconstraints,itcannotaffordtofundalltheseBRIprojectsonitsown.Morethan600millionChinesepeoplestilllive____36____“middleincome"status,andtheindebtednessofChinesecorporationsandprovinceslooms(隐约可见)asasignificantissue.Webelievethishasprofound-andpositive-implicationsfortheBRI:Chinanotonlyneeds____37____,atapolicylevel,wantstheBRItoshowcommercialreturnsassoonasis____38____possible.Thismeansthatthereissignificantpotentialalignment(一致)betweentheobjectivesofChinaand____39____offoreigncompaniesandinvestorsastheylooktoget____40____.21.A.Like B.As C.When D.While22.A.attheendof B.atallcosts C.attheexpenseof D.atthebeginningof23.A.havebeenfocused B.havebeenignored C.havebeenconcerned D.havebeenexpressed24.A.However B.Therefore C.Instead D.Besides25.A.toimprove B.tostrengthen C.toincrease D.toearn26.A.what B.which C.who D.that27.A.tocommenton B.tocareabout C.tocallfor D.tofocuson28.A.association B.relation C.organization D.construction29.A.istested B.isanswered C.isfound D.israised30.A.supporting B.helping C.financing D.donating31.A.puttingup B.settingup C.holdingup D.takingup32.A.totaling B.adding C.counting D.reaching33.A.contain B.include C.hold D.cover34.A.quickly B.greatly C.actively D.abruptly35.A.insteadof B.owingto C.asto D.inreturnto36.A.above B.under C.beneath D.below37.A.or B.and C.so D.but38.A.importantly B.really C.practically D.likely39.A.these B.those C.that D.this40.A.involved B.engaged C.united D.occupied参考答案：21.B

22.C

23.D

24.A

25.B

26.D

27.D

28.A

29.B

30.C

31.B

32.A

33.D

34.C

35.B

36.D

37.D

38.C

39.B

40.A本文是一篇说明文，介绍了习近平主席提出的一带一路倡议的目的以及目前面临的困难。【21题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：正如中国有句俗语所说“树大招风”。Asthesayinggoes表示“正如俗语所说”，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：许多评论人士认为，该倡议旨在以牺牲地缘政治对手为代价来获得优势和全球利益。A.attheendof在……的尽头；B.atallcosts不惜一切代价；

C.attheexpenseof以……为代价；D.atthebeginningof在……的开始。根据空前的“gainadvantageandgloballeverage”可知，许多评论人士认为该倡议旨在以牺牲如美国、印度、德国等地缘政治对手为代价来获得优势和全球利益，故C项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们对在华投资也表达了同样的担忧——限制进入利润丰厚的市场，强迫与中国企业结成伙伴关系，要求获得技术知识和知识产权的压力，以及对信息流动的限制。A.focused集中；B.ignored忽视；

C.havebeenconcerned

涉及；D.havebeenexpressed表达。根据空后的“inthepastfewyearsaboutinvestmentinChina…”可知此处是说人们对在华投资也表达了同样的担忧，故D项正确。【24题详解】考查连接副词辨析。句意：然而，我们认为，一些评论过于草率地将一带一路定义为目的是增强中国在东亚和中亚的影响力的地缘政治游戏。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Instead相反；D.Besides此外。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故A项正确。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.improve改进；

B.strengthen增强；C.increase增加；D.earn赢得。一些评论将“一带一路”定义为地缘政治游戏是因为他们认为一带一路倡议的目的是增强中国在东亚和中亚的影响力，故B项正确。【26题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：也有迹象表明，中国国有企业正在改变自己的行为。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，解释说明signs的内容，从句成分完整，所以用that引导这个同位语从句，仅起连接作用，无实义，故D项正确。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：习近平提出的一带一路倡议表明了中国政府鼓励企业注重质量增长和盈利能力，而不是不惜任何代价的增长。A.commenton对……评论；B.careabout关心；C.callfor提倡；D.focuson集中精力于。根据空后的“qualitygrowthandprofitability,notjustgrowthatanycost.”可知，中国政府鼓励企业注重质量增长和盈利能力，而不是不惜任何代价的增长，故D项正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一带一路与世界银行、亚洲开发银行等全球融资机构的合作，体现了其商业重心。A.association

联系（合作）；B.relation关系；C.organization组织；D.construction建设。根据空后的“withglobalfundingentitiessuchastheWorldBankandtheAsianDevelopmentBank”可知，一带一路与世界银行、亚洲开发银行等全球融资机构的合作，故A项正确。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：资金的关键问题只得到部分解决。A.tested测试；B.answered回答；C.found发现；D.raised提出。根据空前的“Thecrucialquestionoffunding”可知此处指资金的关键问题只得到部分回答（解决），故B项正确。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：截至2016年，丝路基金、政策和商业银行等主要资金来源已筹措资金1860亿美元。A.supporting支持；B.helping帮助；C.financing筹措资金；D.donating捐献。丝路基金、政策和商业银行是一带一路的主要资金来源，他们承诺筹措资金1860亿美元，故C项正确。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：政策银行还在制订一带一路多币种特别贷款计划，总额约560亿美元。A.puttingup张贴；B.settingup制订、建立；C.holdingup举起；D.takingup开始从事。根据空后的“BRImulticurrencyspeciallendingschemes”可知，政策银行还在制订一带一路多币种特别贷款计划，故B项正确。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.totaling总计达到；B.adding添加；C.counting计算总数；D.reaching达到。这个多币种特别贷款计划得到款总额多达560亿美元，故A项正确。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，即便如此，也不足以涵盖一切。A.contain包含；B.include包括；C.hold支撑；D.cover涵盖。空后说中国正积极寻求与外国公司建立伙伴关系，这表明这个多币种特别贷款计划不足以涵盖一切（解决所有问题），故D项正确。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：中国正积极寻求与外国公司建立伙伴关系，因为由于国内财政紧张，中国无法独自为所有这些一带一路项目提供资金。A.quickly快速地；B.greatly极大地；C.actively积极地；D.abruptly突然地，唐突地。由于国内财政紧张，中国无法独自为所有这些一带一路项目提供资金，所以中国正积极寻求与外国公司建立伙伴关系，故C项正确。【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A.insteadof而不是；B.owingto由于；C.asto至于；D.inreturnto作为……的报答。根据空后的“domesticfinancialconstraints,itcannotaffordtofundalltheseBRIprojectsonitsown.”可知，由于国内财政紧张，中国无法独自为所有这些一带一路项目提供资金，故B项正确。【36题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：中国还有六亿多人生活在中等收入以下。A.above在……以上；B.under在……之下（常指方位）；C.beneath低于、不够好；D.below在……以下（常指水平、收入）。根据常识可知，中国还有很多人生活在中等收入以下，故D项正确。【37题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：中国不但需要，而且在政策层面，希望一带一路在实际上尽快展现商业回报。notonly…but(also)表示“不但……而且……”，故D项正确。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.importantly

重要地；B.really真实地；C.practically在实际上；D.likely可能。中国希望一带一路在实际上尽快展现商业回报，故C项正确。【39题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，在外国公司和投资者寻求参与的过程中，中国的目标与他们的目标是一致的。A.these这些；B.those那些；C.that那个；D.this这个。根据句意可知此处用those指代前面的objectives，故B项正确。40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.involved参与、涉及；B.engaged订婚；C.united联合；D.occupied占据。根据空前的“thereissignificantpotentialalignment(一致)betweentheobjectivesofChinaand___19___offoreigncompaniesandinvestorsastheylooktoget”可知，中国的目标与那些寻求参与到一带一路中来的外国公司和投资者的目标是一致的，故A项正确。三、阅读理解18.

Childrenstartoutasnaturalscientists,eagertolookintotheworldaroundthem.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy;thereisnoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.Youonlyhavetoshareyourchildren’scuriosity.Firstly,listentotheirquestions.Ioncevisitedaclassroomofseven–year-oldstotalkaboutscienceasajob.Thechildrenaskedme“textbookquestions”aboutschooling,salaryandwhetherIlikedmyjob.WhenIfinishedanswering,wesatfacingoneanotherinscience.FinallyIsaid,”Nowthatwe’vefinishedwithyourlists,doyouhavequestionsofyourownaboutscience?”

Afteralongpause,aboyraisedhishand,“haveyoueverseenagrasshoppereat?WhenItryeatingleaveslikethat,Igetastomachache.Why?”

Thisbeganasetofquestionsthatlastednearlytwohours.

Secondly,givethemtimetothink.Studiesoverthepast30yearshaveshownthat.Afteraskingaquestion,adultstypicallywaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.Whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.

Thirdly,watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinvolvedinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That’sright”or“verygood”.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior.Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying,“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore’,orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.

Neverpushachildto“think”.Itdoesn’tmakesense;childrenarealwaysthinking,withoutyourtellingthemto.What’smore,thiscanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Thechildwilltrytofindtheansweryouwant,inasfewwordsaspossible,sothathewillbeasmalltargetforyourdisagreement.

Lastly,show;don’ttell.Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressivethananylessonchildrencanlearnfromabookoratelevisionprogram.Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass,andthey’llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.Ratherthansayingthatwaterevaporates,setapotofwatertoboilandletthemwatchthewaterleveldrop.51.Accordingtothepassage,childrenarenaturalscientist,andtoraisetheirinterest,themostimportantthingforadultstodois______________.A.toletthemseetheworldaround

B.tosharethechildren’scuriosityC.toexplaindifficultphrasesaboutscience

D.tosupplythechildrenwithlabequipment52.Inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraph,theword“list”couldbestbereplacedby______________.A.anyquestions

B.anyproblems

C.questionsfromthetextbooks

D.anynumberofquestions53.Accordingtothepassage,childrencananswerquestionsinamorelogical,completeandcreativewayifadults______________________.A.askthemtoanswerquickly

B.waitforoneortwosecondsafteraquestionC.tellthemtoanswerthenextday

D.waitatleastforthreesecondsafteraquestion54.Inwhichofthefollowingparagraph(s)doestheauthortelluswhattosaytoencouragechildreninasciencediscussion?A.The2ndand3rd

B.The4thand5th

C.The5thand6th

D.The7th55.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingtechniquesforadultstosharewiththeirchildren’scuriosityexceptthatadultsshould_____________.A.telltheirchildrenstoriesinsteadofrecitingfactsB.offertheirchildrenchancestoseethingsforthemselvesC.bepatientenoughwhentheirchildrenanswerquestionsD.encouragetheirchildrentoaskquestionsoftheirown参考答案：BCDCA19.Researchhasshownthatmusichasanimportanteffectonone’sbodyandmind.Infact,thereisagrowingfieldofhealthcareknownasmusictherapy（疗法）,whichusesmusictotreatdiseases.Evenhospitalsarebeginningtousemusictherapy.Thisisnotsurprising,asmusicaffectsthebodyandmindinmanypowerfulways.Researchhasshownthatquickmusiccanmakeapersonfeelmorealert,whileslowmusiccanproduceacalm,deepthinkingstate.Also,researchhasfoundthatmusiccanchangebrainwaveactivitylevels.Thiscanh