8种常用时态语态

时态语态复习情态动词用法can/couldmay/mightwill/wouldshall/shouldmust一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时一般过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时八种常用时态Heworkshere.Heworkedheretwoyearsago.Hewillworkheretomorrow.Hesaidhewouldworktherethenextday.Heisworkinghere.Hewasworkinghereatthistimeyesterday.Hehasworkedherefortwoyears.Hehadworkedherebeforesheleft.一般现在时Heusuallygoestoworkat7o’clock.SheoftenstudiesEnglish

onSunday.Helovessports.Shehasblueeyes.Theearthgoesroundthesun.Waterboilsat100centigradedegrees.I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.We’llnotgototheparkifitrainstomorrow.Thetrainleavesat7o’clock.Theclassbeginsat8o’clock.Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.表示经常性，习惯性。often,usually,always,sometimes（例句1，2）

表性格，特征（例句3，4）

普遍真理，科学事实（例句5，6）时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在表将来（例句7，8）按计划，日程表进行（例句9，10）在倒装句中，有here,there（例句11，12）

一般现在时一般现在时构成：主语＋V(动词)＋sV(动词)＋esV(动词以y结尾)变yi＋esV(动词)原形Heoftenreads

English.HeteachesEnglish.HesometimesstudiesEnglish.IstudyEnglish.

见课本p48（2）一般过去时1.IsawTominthestreetyesterday.

2.IboughtthisTVsetinBeijinglastyear.3.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.4.Heusedtoactlikethat.5.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoBeijing.6.Ifhewereherenow,wecouldturntohimforhelp.一般过去时1.过去时间里所发生(有过去时间状语)(例句1，2)2.过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性(例句3，4)3.条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气(例句5，6)一般过去时构成：主语＋V(动词)过去式1.Tomborrowedabookyesterday.2.Ihopedtohelpyou.3.Theyplanned

togoshopping.4.ShestudiedEnglishlastnight.5.Wedidsomereadingyesterday.

见课本p50（2）一般将来时1.I’llgotomyhometowninaweek.2.We’ll(will/shall)diewithoutairorwater.3.He’sgoingtospendhisholidayinGuilin.4.I’mtoseeMr.Brownoffthisafternoon.5.Theplaneleavesatsix.6.HeiscomingtoseemeonTuesday.1.在将来时间发生的动作（接将来时间）（例句1）

2.begoingto+不定式，表示将来（例句3）3.be+不定式（todo）表将来，按计划或安排（例句4）4.某些动词(come/go/leave等)可用一般现在时表将来（例句5）5.某些动词(come/arrive/go等)可用现在进行时表将来（例句6）

一般将来时一般将来时构成：主语+will/shall+V(动词)原形Iwillgotomyhometowninaweek.Weshall

cometoseeyoueverySunday.I’ll

be20yearsoldnextyear.Weshan’t

befreetonight.We’ll

befreetonight.过去将来时概念：过去某时间来看将要发生的动作。构成：主语+would/should+V(动词)原形HesaidhewouldgotoShanghaifortheholiday.Hesaidhewasgoingtocry.Weweretofinishthejobinthreehours.现在进行时1.Wearewaitingforyounow.2.Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.3.WhatareyoudoinghereinBeijing?4.HeisleavingforBeijingthisevening.5.Iamlikingyou.错误现在进行时1.表说话时正在进行。（例句1）2.现阶段正在进行。（例句2,3）

3.现在进行时表将来。（例句4）4.表感觉，感情等的词不用进行时。（例句5）现在进行时构成：主语+am/is/are+Ving1.TheyarestudyingEnglish.2.Sheishavingaholiday.3.HeisplanningatriptoEngland.

过去进行时构成：主语+was/were+V-ing1.TheywerestudyingEnglishatthistimeyesterday.2.ShewashavingaholidaywhenIwenttovisither.3.HewasplanningatriptoEnglandwhenImethim.概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。构成：主语＋助动词have(has)+V-ed(动词的过去分词)

注：has用于第三人称单数，

have用于其他所有人称。现在完成时①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.⑤I’vejustlostmysciencebook.有时没有时间状语；多是一般疑问句。现在完成时①Ihaven’tseenher

thesedays.②ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years.③Theyhavelivedheresince1990.④WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?现在完成时

用法：（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与时间副词just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。(2)现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。如：for和since，以及sofar,now,today,thisweek(month,year)等。现在完成时概念：表示过去的过去1.Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.2.Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.3.Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.4.Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.过去完成时-----------|----------------|--------------------|---->

那时以前那时现在

其结构是：had+过去分词一般过去时与现在完成时之比较

1.Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）

Ihaveseenthisfilm.

（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）

2.ShehasreturnedfromParis.（她已从巴黎回来了。）

Shereturnedyesterday.（她是昨天回来了。）

3.HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.(在团内的状态可延续)HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.

(三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)注意：句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,lastweek,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.被动语态1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.2.Aforefingermadeaspeech.Thespeechwasmadebyaforeigner.3.Theywillbuildanewschoolinthatvillagesoon.Anewschoolwillbebuiltinthatvillagesoon.4.Theyhavesetupalotofbuildingsinthelastfewyears.Alotofnewbuildingshavebeensetupinthelastfewyears.5.Hecanrepairthelockinthreeday.Thelockcanberepairedinthreedays.1.表示感觉、变化或保持等意义的系动词feel,look,smell,taste,sound,turn,prove,stay，get等用主动形式表被动意义。

ThewaterfeltcoolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.二、关于被动语态的几种特殊用法疑难点拨2.由“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态

被动语态除由“be+过去分词”构成以外，也可由“get+过去分词”构