毕业工程招投标价格形成机制及价格控制中英文翻译

工程招投标价格形成机制及价格控制摘要：工程建设产品和其它的商品、服务一样受到价值规律的影响，因此在21世纪特别是加入 WTO以后，工程招投标价格形成机制的主要特点就是市场形成价格，既在统一项目划分、统一计量单位、统一工程量计算规则和消耗定额的基础上，实行市场价，竞争费。由于招投标工程特别是国际招投标工程风险性很大，所以在招投标价格计算决策和工程建设过程中我们都要对招投标价格进行有效的控制，既第一要开展财务决策，企业依照不同的承包方式，根据市场竞争状况，自身的技术、经济实力，通过财务决策自主报价。第二、要实行有效控制，既工程招投标价格要通过合同价格的形式固定下来。通过对设计、物资采购、施工管理实现对招投标价格的有效控制。主题词：工程招投标价格机制；价格控制１、前言企业的生产和销售产品的活动是一种经营活动，工程建设也是一种经营活动，投入的是人、财、物，产出的产品可以是铁路，桥梁，公路，民用建筑，或是一个工业生产装置等。工程建设过程不是简单的投入和产出，它涉及到市场问题，用户问题，效益问题等等。工程建设涉及到设计、物资采购和施工三个方面，而设计和施工是工程建设过程中的两个不同的阶段和两个独立的专业，和其它的商品生产一样需要分别进行成本控制并获取一定的利润。因此在工程招投标中，工程造价的计算和控制显得尤其重要。报价高固然为盈利奠定了基础，但是鉴于当前国内工程建设市场竞争已趋白热化，高价夺标已不可能。特别是我国加入wto以后，外国的工程承包企业要进入我国市场，和我国的工程承包企业展开竞争，另外我国的工程承包企业也同样要到国外的工程建设市场上谋求发展。因此我们要总结过去国际国内承包工程建设经营管理的经验和教训，充分了解工程招投标中价格形成机制的特点和运行规律，对工程造价进行有效的控制，利用好两种资源，开拓两个市场，提高企业经济效益。

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卡

际

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按，谨可矮以怜按轰国愤际颠惯捏例宅，早有仔所逃包竖死木，堡有导所致不疫包哗。园我驱们匀也由可乡以番在易合刊同轿中股规融定碰价泰格送调撤整秋范浸围叹以继及沟价蚕格宁调冻整毙计肯算碑公腥式盖，扎等筑等还，珍以垫减传少遇风并险察。绘套⑶蔬实适行动限动额汇设尾计亮研对宜于婶一难个扇工既程致来正说盲，劲在粮其劣投栋资贞建匆设粘期屑涉萄及故到舰设触计屠、疲物陕资他采蜂购馋和安施招工饲管朗理庭三杂个晚方黑面仁。筋工角程屑投挂资吹效弱益壳的乱好铅坏中，炎工萝程寄造舟价卖的须高作低阴，栋起余决栋定哲作聪用枪的穗是疏设率计倦。绞工律程亦设蒸计港阶编段嫌是弓形收成犁工腊程软价元格乐的干首化要贡阶筛段午，巧在弓这花个元阶叔段匪节准约愈投衔资沟的雹机年会布多开、吨金些额氧大卡、倡付须出裂的杏代昂价减小间。垦工扎程滩质妻量词、医建弄设至周需期绪、碌项慕目边功告能骂、枪项疲目毕寿版命膀和嚷项供目侦投箩资挺回君报库率届等暴都踪在蛮设锯计贞阶死段罢以氏技餐术炸和想投宴资蛙费回用垫的夜形旬式暑表缝现果出仅来树。深目以前旱的暖概详预朱算布管路理跨往件往煌只巾重宋视图施传工片阶累段天的缺造养价喊管肿理好，称而赔忽衫视姜设按计赌阶担段柳和冰物艰资吨采拘购缴阶蜘段瑞的件造址价捐管搜理蔑，玉出饭现唤预捕算燕超裙概镜算召，知结浇算哄超晚预术算爪的向现鸽象获也垂就益在烘所悲难志免负。牺在蓄工松程三招卫投禽标昏机贞制嚼下律，相工呆程葱设炼计霸工解作用的茧特尼点捷是肯技片术写决家定缴经赛济陷，屋经昆济盐制饮约版技鸡术忆，在因栽此榆要漂做姐好块工氏程键招饶投筑标馅价区格讨的盲有协效船控扮制赚必向须洁实芳行添限始额她设漂计指，分既封实扎现狡对拔设宇计犹规签模僚、再设笋计驴标佩准饮、找设恭计椒深染度蒸、嗽工肺程停数辫量所与号投烈资骆额荷等寨各办个爽方虽面呜的赔有俭效你控研制词。轮容⑷翠改灭进晃物辨质戴采般购朝管牵理笋制问度谱，叛逐概步骆与割市聪场窝接断轨支。悼铜在网建戚筑桶安窝装搏工议程绸中预，孤材爆料预费畜大洗约灯占棵建路安奔工唉程腿费街的戒7众0问％怕左打右勉。阶在架安证装凳工烘程续中译，阳设娘备俱费基也顽占拍有提很图大顾的晌比站重重。惜因激此卧影逆响崭工息程蹄招双投读标璃价就格拔的肺另泊一名个跟因机素龟就不是症物朵质饲采将购送管纺理速制遵度恭。瞒要峡想丝真嚼正俘使遗得显市授场轧形掏成珠价劈格沙的膏机菌制铲得妈以裹有冻效洽运滔行盘，缘就铲要党有尘相启适壳应袍的定物找资言采顾购伯管颤理昌制躬度历。听杯目废前脑我戴们丙在东工剩程扬造枣价痛管尘理诊中励，川在浙计日算旅主奉材蜻费芝时革普馒遍腔采叶用粗的舞计铅算鸦依厨据卖是掀当胀地避建扒委念编萄制捐的醉《们x河x心x煌地庙区伯x唉x李x识x辰年巩材馆料照预饥算说价茫格舒本偷》仙，约实漆际仰供响应碗价元与族价丘格淡本洁中派的呀价揉格堪之疯差怕，省在获结龟算涛时蔽找灿补绣。失这白种枝管剩理甲方裁法百不饺能晕控脏制殃采丧购眨渠很道跟、病采企购分价争格微，截不念能抬做柳到宪事影前鄙的掩成糊本届控非制盈，冠使泳工祥程咐投叙资讽无棉法身控席制挺，酿工逝程杏结驱算星价沃往网往诵超械过干概尝预善算禾价谜格草或窜招寸投酬标见合揭同踪价姿格纪。聋因兼此撞在悲市匹场污经榆济仓条料件袋下三，迈无落论即是袄业艇主璃还草是锻承凳包怒商秀采许购昂物柱质周，萄都认要渣在墙投具标括报孔价果或浇合塌同诉规阵定唤的显品病种盈、脱数丰量挤、走质富量洞、办价票格撑范扩围闹内莫实骄行杜限皇额呆采繁购皱，宽努鬼力峰降凭低率设拼备果材俯料焰费圆。疫比塘如逝，拌实差行台比钩价萍采哭购按管无理虎，垒要挂货灿比瓜三遥家怜，默采岭购柿价傅不火能齐高蛙于份预陶算赤价甜、氏成容本槐价愁；倒另达外材还抓要宋建攀立洋和毙完黎善允内币部筐采栏购朗审床核础制荒度段，也实咳行第决块策浸权付、辉执借行度权消、央审海核请权拜三湾权税分壳立符，跪等祖等肺，组从柿而申有推效眨控尖制薪工房程捧造拌价迟。知善⑸佩工仆程恰索纳赔葬是咳招膊投某标面价珍格养控种制委的翁又润一缩项浊重定要伤工临作谋改工俭程花招倦投核标符价导格直控召制慧的络另彼一朋个策特耳点座是婆工挺程凯索礼赔参管盲理六。彩索制赔忽是漂法呀律绝和员合滤同于赋络予连的鸣正丧当坦权胃利笋，德我孕们深应般当盼树仰立佳起拉索着赔峡意乘识宋，志重党视果索朝赔窄、慨善祖于处索羽赔描，纷建叶立着健房全鸽索惊赔铜管院理乘机吵制毛。袖目僵前砖的扶概予预腿算狂管耐理殊制倘度勇中竞结繁算抹常悉采驴用醋预摔算横加盏设弯计冶变僚更挨加踪签接证败的经做滋法酿，昂是仇一针种疗事举后势算课帐麻的换做雄法加，秩而炭招铃投躲标牛工孤程棋中优价哥格狸要嘉以海合鬼同拔的巡形沃式再固凳定脊下捷来肤，且对帅于芹设挣计堵变怕更冬、稠超滔合株同猾范啊围世的湿工钩作址量略、溪不拘可分预街见蔑费嚼、校不钥可瘦抗菠力疼以进及捞对拢方闹违京约问造挖成融的释损虑失滴则惭要阔通磨过俊索脆赔贷的贞形帮式及来属维竿护戚自伶己毛的卡利匪益类。乌因风此仅招倘投伙标鼻工槐程炎的找索顶赔淘有叙其谦独茎特患的泪规华律岸，巩是股一赴种月先高算洒帐院后摊干蚕活丙，薄算洁好盘帐迈再职干牢活努或洞边丈算主帐出边飘干知活撕的绢动在态陶控赢制雷方泼法盏。恳要悲求续承攻包秃商傍具易有桂很仓强您的饭经罪营克意软识腥，南从诞合复同银的渔缔状结帅直霉致巩履或行畜完作毕河，孝始莲终删追厌求拼扩张大者经肃济庆效绒益羊这与一勾根鹅本田目忆的更，牢一及切驰活只动些都财是住为于了鹊实雾现镰这找一滴根欺本垮目腊的泳。饱承协包斯商狭要朵充盯分娇发蹄挥锁主弱观蛋能甜动啊性同，可不全是书等圣到只亏只损傅了敌再唯来月想剖办倒法客，路而府是缴要材把察索偿赔浸当踩做丢提抖高诊经油济甩效忧益滥的僵重僻要纸途竞径胃，怖在雹事缺件蜡发乞生舍前突就正考非虑灿应躁采锅取莲的松措属施暗，揭走准在世时昌间申的绕前察面联，鞠积扩极耐主途动键地箱研爆究从利革用阶和错控得制龟风窑险零的久办轧法商。亭在甩索魔赔忘时洒效绕内榴，椅按舞照镇索畅赔仔程娘序证，原依错照预可路靠忽的倾证赌据碎，径提瓣出仗索民赔塑理骑由悟和梢索毙赔陕内某容逮，塌编测报烫索窄赔干文搞件园。接避综浅上康所星述拌，圆在悄市滴场强经铺济忧条坟件靠下茧，碰招忠投冶标秋工哥程随是悦一汤个台系拌统织工戚程堤，跌涉惊及贿到雀方她方雨面希面霉，塌其饰价汉格楚形批成困的参机奉制锁有净其派固拌有乎的云特方点渴和营运姐行权规碍律漆，何因芝此莫我兴们奥要障根物据伐其敌特掘点谎和沙运扁行腾规怖律台，忙认己真鼠作姜好地招侨投故标么工鼠程逗的眼价动格堪计玩算微和册控院制侮，渔提链高坑竞丹争芦力夸，暴既封要妄保摄证祝工批程捷中猪标旨，晓又千要抹保芽证诞能珍够大取腐得喝一歼定月的仇经抵济紧效赏益觉。辨P杀r合o偶j孕e扮c丝t范芒b站i心d斗d鬼i鸣n劈g以红p崭r础i踩c例e伙s毕税a绩n塑d撇考p忍r侵i霞c止e番乖c航o看n插t耳r黄o左l立爱m抱e却c忌h芬a鞭n芹i厨s晒mAbstract:专磁T渐h惹e疼胳w失o坏r夏k算s退害o碌f冻叼c结o裳n膝s亏t招r箭u六c循t贯i掩o肃n健念p外r骡o燃d穗u衣c舰t恒s蛾仰a捧n扩d宇呈o晚t导h述e咏r寻示g闯o舰o晒d同s等纱a吵n徐d络景s嫁e栋r绸v傍i取c酿e惑s佛墙s塌u豪b树j患e优c去t董驳t逝o样透t倘h卖e轨米s挎a犁m也e猛吨i煌m少p盈a籍c速t顶渗o粱n促牌t良h剩e踪晨l直a串w息丧o笋f跟队v弄a冶l决u绕e肢,芦约s袜o拢同i扰n桌护t称h江e充史2勿1期s撒t慌亮c蒜e趋n多t万u捏r厕y缘,随献e芦s披p点e贸c抗i旋a电l症l册y械粘a子f娱t予e鞠r僵饮t预h务e金她a强c纪c炼e偷s俊s酸i剖o云n幸漠t泄o茎艇w删t真o汗,愈榆p序r耐o吹j倍e岂c钓t医咏b控i牌d友d煌i吴n私g白掉p追r璃i浮c卷e兄叉f祝o像r悠m屡a写t财i贝o渗n喉镰m负e磁c畅h眨a辞n轮i孕s羊m托哥i漫s宇誓t介h渠e怨索m塘a开i念n刘刊c椅h病a漆r而a慰c返t屋e固r增i般s上t谱i熊c蹈s喜继o恨f养启t湿h牵e碌烫m炭a无r职k出e涨t租戴p侄r锋i端c纠e嫌亚o则f刷鄙t泻h也e哥标p毙r陶o端j痒e摇c爷t妇窜i店s讽召d决i萌v款i仗d柔e裙d能盏i撑n炉坊a球跟u预n裙i寨f嗓i所e磁d钞,撑料u垒n隶i都f获o洒r厨m块结m服e较a钟s筐u晴r惧e功m巨e黑n敞t煎德u求n之i刃t男,奖近u旁n京i婶f劳i燥e捧d算器i城n湖寺t岩e席r捉m洒s妄视o连f箩饲e谱n骨g林i疾n牺e璃e全r愚i健n蠢g乱梦a翠n会d咐逮c断o锈n滑s怜u巡m盗p医t单i谅o怪n堂示o慌f塘门f条i谱x柿e终d寸岁r信u牛l猴e令s厌崭o绢n更裂t散h枕e准刮b毛a驶s急i零s填侨o拜f峡划t烤h鹿e佣万i直m预p看l哪e偷m食e耀n地t葱a连t斩i闲o孔n出脚o鼠f短书m挂a拦r裙k宅e黄t绿,降交c漏o露m迎p这e亩t负i迫t许i释o炉n托紧f慨e葬e箭s扰.芬老B状i补d互d青i拜n婶g该舞t静h疼e阳乔p叮r租o田j绒e判c墨t枪山i帖n般耻p白a降r攻t益i严c穗u顷l艘a什r奋搜b依e胖c望a扭u嘱s租e没离o遗f影闲t串h倍e堤就i蛮n地t管e帐r捆n廉a海t赔i插o恰n某a使l略班b蛇i轿d品d炉i雀n金g璃肿f泡o简r辱获t私h疗e爸禁p膝r扇o叉j漆e娃c认t结姿a悼r哑e蛋视a地留g属r观e零a慈t且杰d吓e址a沙l硬替o舍f充骨r搅i拥s物k波,壳粮s朵o良哲p壶r厘i厦c遮e般s倘繁a众t娘趁t唇h使e岭誉b舱i萝d峰d随i列n嘱g殊弯d卫e谣c秒i团s刮i研o僚n丛-腿m扭a折k蚕i搁n施g揭凳p滩r些o旷c斧e冷s郊s五磨o愿f萄粪c枕o抹n厦s夜t独r贞u叔c藏t勇i跪o总n劈极a孩n瞎d血债e些n判g毙i标n匹e蜻e袄r洞i览n鹿g感工o券f刮娱o丧u检r思勿b心i富d捕d缘i乖n膨g遗碍p挪r稠i移c母e曲刻m妹u斩s较t屯送b焦e钓属e豆f目f覆e偶c躺t昌i清v篮e摆撤c谅o市n艳t斤r袭o嗓l爹,澡嫂T沈h鱼e提屋f脱i桃r熟s蛋t辽酒t那o旅吗b岂e倦辞c含a猎r壤r靠i兼e竹d愉浩o佛u屡t馅图n州o树t足劫o爷n毅l亮y殃扛t轮h得e笨蜘f大i慈n筝a胜n找c饼i湖a鲜l芦延d耳e填c肉i筋s锁i塘o躲n满-荐m尾a愈k维i亿n鸦g雀,摊请c缴o孩r召p始o摇r缓a辽t砖e稿梅c宫o仿n初t屯r乱a撞c点t犁o魄r太s胶皇i刃n极葬a挨c艳c贝o殃r蓝d狡a欠n货c剩e概汗w庄i脂t富h棒交t挣h鸡e照老d能i区f赖f舞e芦r碗e雕n寇t极哑w嫂a旋y完s引,梯胶a宋c缠c含o盐r诸d慨i拘n煎g产庄t松o菠堵m伯a宁r到k屠e养t湾迎c尽o招n佩d芝i号t梨i坝o存n绪s制,具熟i洗t歪s垮陡t烫e狼c料h狡n际o办l别o罢g瓣y予,残某e铁c缺o汉n羞o专m苏i斥c馅栏s算t欢r纷e叔n途g踏t终h棋,范谋t同h累r铲o嘱u蒸g众h墓须t沟h引e湾火f弟i木n素a绩n敏c遗i灰a君l没铅d吗e皂c笋i种s傲i季o锋n转-驳m垮a勿k垄i选n尸g物幸s塞e棒l拆f庭-辆q罩u斜o宪t梯a亚t停i经o阻n淋.抖命S主e疼c盒o叮n弟d堪,槽妄i专t糟漫i绑s致澡n年e泛c迅e夫s穿s昂a堵r胁y男愚t态o溜何e趁x孩e焰r构c串i蠢s拳e择羞e忌f统f斩e挖c迈t才i嫁v鞋e窑古c拴o瞎n新t删r返o竞l覆,抗犬b驾o闷t厅h羞饿t拒h们e米裹p演r菜o翁j仁e漆c公t骄威b诸i洽d耽d略i焦n洒g滤臂p染r是i勤c竟e绸冻b寨y爹培t役h菊e槐扎f亡o激r偿m崭彩o咽f海以t磨h妹e寄久c匹o酸n膏t嫂r甜a梢c镜t愈谈p益r尽i毯c数e烫询i奋s职叉f败i蜓x盐e怎d桐.皆B妹y录怨d胆e裂s家i闭g被n课,留详m桶a汪t现e眼r胶i香a绍l将桌p荐r曲o有c歼u辫r挺e售m伤e令n详t部,带笋c抢o伪n视s拦t临r拘u汗c里t瓶i瞎o尤n煎泡m确a注n衣a柿g坑e址m谱e妇n培t础富o愉n邀加t粥h陕e驴息i窄m拢p讨l龙e欲m筹e代n梨t烘a柏t遇i灰o商n餐旧o熟f贺顽b索i泪d爪d妙i超n得g究愈f陈o宗r并薄t旅h片e棋萍e才f蹄f侨e奇c镜t趋i碎v彻e疯唯c蜻o雕n咽t吐r告o伤l叫看o轻f令表p扇r牢i骂c视e辆s浩.踩Keywords:projectbiddingpricesandpricecontrolmechanism1,thepreambleoftheproductionmarketingofenterpriseproductsareabusiness,engineeringconstructionactivityisalsoabusiness,peopleareinvested,financial,andmaterial,theproductcanbeoutputarerailways,bridges,highways,civil,oradevice,suchasindustrialproduction.Constructionisnotasimpleprocessinputsandoutputs,whichrelatetothemarketproblem,theuserquestions,theissueofeffectivenessandsoon.Projectinvolvestheconstructiondesign,materialsprocurementandconstructionofthreeaspects,anddesignandconstructionprojectsareintheprocessoftwodifferentstagesandtwomajorindependentandothercommodityproduction,respectively,asnecessarytocarryoutcostcontrolandaccessmustprofits.Therefore,inprojectbidding,theprojectcostcalculationandcontrolareparticularlyimportant.Highquotationofcourselaidthefoundationforaprofit,butinviewofthecurrentdomesticconstructionmarketcompetitionhasbecomewhite-hot,highpricescannotwin.EspeciallyafterChina'saccessiontothewto,overseasprojectcontractingcompaniestoenterChina'smarket,andourengineeringcontractingbusinesstocompete,andourcountry'sengineeringcontractingcompaniesalsowanttoworkabroadonconstructionanddevelopmentmarket.Therefore,wewanttosumupthepastdomesticandinternationalcontractedprojectsofconstructionmanagementexperienceandlessons,andfullyunderstandtheprojectbiddingpriceformationmechanisminthecharacteristicsandoperationrules,andeffectiveprojectcostcontrol,betteruseofresources,bothtoopenupthemarket,improvetheeconomicefficiencyofenterprises.2,projectbiddingpriceformationmechanism。Constructionprojectcost,generallyreferstothecostofaparticularproject(referringtotheexpectedcostoractualcost)ofthetotalcost.Itisadynamicinvestment.Itsexercisebythelawofvalue,currencyandcommoditycirculationofthelawsofthedominantlawofsupplyanddemand.

ContractedprojectsinthecalculationoftheTenderOffertouseourdecision-makingtheory,accounting,economicstheoryquotationevaluationstrategy,theAdministrationonfrom,thetechnicalandbusinessonacomprehensiveidentification,comparedtheuseofscientificmethodologyandpracticalpricingbasedonprojectcostreasonablesothatitwonthebidquotation.⑴ThecurrentprojectcostpricingbasedonthecharacteristicsofNotmeettheconditionsofmarketeconomy,internationalanddomesticcontractunderthetenderofferjob.China'sconstructionenterprisesrarelyhavetheirownfixedconstructionbudget,whichprojectstotheinternationalcontractorthetenderoffermustworkmoredifficult.Ourcountrybecauseofthecurrentprojectcostmanagementsystemareplannedeconomymodeatthesetup,totheneglectoftheeconomicstatusofanindependententerprise,theStatedirectlyinvolvedinmanagementactivities,formulateandcontrolconstituteadirectprojectcostofavarietyoffactors,suchasex-factorypriceoftheequipmentandmaterialsprocurementstorage,transport,miscellaneousfees,wages,indirectcosts,suchasmanagementfeesandtaxes.Althoughinrecentyears,varioustypesofengineeringconsultingcompanieshaveemerged,constructionprojectscompetitivebidding,projectmanagementsystem,butatpricingbasedonprojectcost,thefixed,remainthestandardadmissionfeebytheGovernmenttodevelop,manage,andasastatutoryprice.Therefore,inprojectcostmanagement,lightdecision-making,re-implemented,lighteconomy,emphasisontechnicalchangeinthesituationdifficult.⑵．Undermarketeconomyconditionsbiddingtheprojectinaccordancewiththecharacteristicsofpricinginthemarketeconomy,beabletotimelyandaccuratemarketpricestocaptureinformationprojectownersandcontractorsaretomaintainacompetitiveadvantage,controlcostsandtoobtainthekeytoprofitabilityistheprojectbiddingPricecalculationandanimportantbasisforsettlement.Priceshouldbegraduallyliberalizedbythefixedpricingmethodtotransitiontothemarketbytransition,withtheinternationalmarket.Enterprisesaccordingtotheirskilllevelpersonnel,equipment,managementcapabilities,qualifications,experienceandcredibilityofthedevelopmentofsocialenterprisesscaletheirownstandardsandaccesscharges.

Therefore,wewouldalsoliketoincreasetheexistingcostbasedpricingreformprojectsintheuniformdivisionoftheunitsofmeasurementunity,unityintermsofworkandconsumptionoffixedrulesonthebasisofthecommodityeconomytofollowtherulessetuptomarketpriceLordofthepricemechanism.Thatis,volumeandpricetoimplementtheseparationofthepropertytochangethefixedprice,fixednolongerpartofthelegalacts,buttheamountshouldbeunified,tothecountryundertheguidanceoftherelevantprofessionalassociations,consultingfirmsorthedevelopmentofengineeringcalculationandconsumptionoffixedrules,topromotefaircompetitioninthemarkettomaintainabalanceddevelopmentofsocialproductiveforces.Aspecificprojectatthetenderofferwhencalculatingthechangeinaccordancewithmarketsupplyanddemand,governmentandcommunityadvisorybodytoprovideinformationandthecostpriceindex,quality,andcontractingmethods,contractperiod,factorssuchasthepurchasepricepayment,inaccordancewithinternationalpractices,normsandpracticesofaflexibleself-quotation.3,engineering,biddingthepriceofeffectivecontrolBiddingfortheprojectisveryriskyforthecontractor,thedecisiontorespondtotenderdocuments,preparationoftenderdocumentsgaverisetotheriskofbeginning.Atthetenderpriceriskfromtimetotime,pricesofnon-successful,donotthrowitemsoffofthesuccessfulbidder,oncethesuccessfulbiddermayhavetheriskofloss.Intheconstructionprocessworksthereisalwaysriskfactors,thereistheriskofmarketpricechanges,designrisk,theriskofmaterialprocurement,constructionriskmanagementandsoon,untilthecompletionoftheproject,qualifiedacceptance,project,qualityguaranteefullrecovery,personnel,constructionmachinerybasesecuritytowithdrawortransfertoanotherprojectsite,theriskoftheprojectbeforefinallydisappearing.Thereforetheworkswillnotbebiddingtodoagoodjobofriskcontrol,andprojectbiddingprices,itisparticularlyimportanttoeffectivecontrol.⑴Financialdecision-makingcarriedoutFinancialdecision-makingistheproductionandmanagementandfinancialmanagementofanimportantpartarefromafinancialpointofbusinessdecision-makingprogramontheevaluationandselection.Tenderintheinternationalpricesinordertoworkthereisprofittobesuccessfulandhavetoadapttomarketeconomyaccompaniedbythefinancialmechanism.

Itsmainmissionistoprovidedynamicinformationofenterprisefund,payingcloseattentiontochangesinthemarket,aforward-predictionanalysis,theTenderOfferforbusinessestoprovidebasisfordecisionmaking.Traditionalaccountingbillingmanagementstyleafterthepatternofthought,makingthecurrentbudgetsystemwillhavebeencontractedprojectsofgreatimportancetotheinstallationofbuildingcostmanagement,whileignoringthecostoftheentireprojectmanagement,donotattachimportancetotheoveralleffectivenessoftheoptimizationofmodernmanagementcannotpredictionthatthefirstthought,afterthoughtandmethodsofcontrolintothesystem.

Aftertheaccounting-basedbudgetmanagementsystemwillnotpreventandsolvedecision-makingandthedesignphase,resultinginawasteandfishingprojects,itcannotpreventandresolveequipmentandmaterialsinthecustodyofthepriceofprocurementissues,thequalityofquestionsandissuessuchasinventory.Overviewofbudgetmanagementcannotbefixed,bothBtothefixedwork-based,mutualcommunication,understandingandleftatalossonthestandardscale,superiormanagement,theauditdepartmentandarbitralbodiesarefixedasthestandardsofevaluation,Thisisastaticcontroloftheinvestment.

Biddingpricesandbudgetmanagementoverdifferentbiddingpricestobeconsideredpriortothecorporateinternalandexternalenvironmentalfactors,takingintoaccountlabor,materials,factorssuchaschangesinprices.Tolearnmoreaboutthegeographicalconditionsandtheprojectscopeofwork,itisnecessarytoknowthewholeprocessofrunningtheproject,projectorganization,qualitymanagement,resourcemanagement,contractmanagement.Depreciationstudy,technicalmeasures,temporaryfacilities,amortization,riskanalysis.

Butalsowiththeadoptionoftheimplementationplan,standards,selectionofconstructionmachinery,engineering,etc.topaythepurchasepriceofthecombinationofanalysisofthetenderprice,tomakethefinancialdecision-making,whichisamicro-management.Therefore,weshould"control"basedontheadvanceinthetenderofferisnecessarytotaketheinitiativetoadoptthefinancialdecision-making,sothatacombinationoftechnicalandeconomiccontrolofprojectcosttoensurethesuccessfulandprofitable.⑵AccordingtotheactualsituationfavorablecontractpriceusingtheformTherefore,inamarketeconomy,projectbiddingisnotjustapricingproblem,buttodesigndocuments,thetermsofthecontract,textmanagementandbiddingarecombined.Pricenotwantquasi-balance,butalsoreportedthatthereisareasonablepricecompetitivetenders.Aftertheendoftheprojectbidding,thepriceofformedthroughtheformofthecontractpriceisfixed.Contractmanagementthroughtheimplementationofbiddingfortheeffectivecontrolofprices.Economiccontractsbetweenlegalpersonsaretoachievetheeconomicgoalsmustcleartherightsandobligationsofmutualagreement.Signedacontractbusinessisnotjustaneconomicactivity,butalsoalegalact,istouselegalmeansandacombinationofeconomicinstrumentstomanagetheeconomyasameasure.Forlargermulti-yearprojectsorincompletedesigndocuments,engineering,trafficengineeringcannotbefixed,unitpricecontractscanbeused.PricetrendsforChangeisnotclear,shouldnotdieapackageofprojects,canbeinaccordancewithinternationalpractice,thediehasbeenpackage,packagehasnot.Wecanalsosetforthinthecontractpricesandadjustthescopeofpriceadjustmentformula,andsooninordertoreducetherisk.Contractpriceandpaymenttermsoftheeconomyareoneofthecoreprovisionsofthecontract,thecontractnegotiations,signing,implementation,managementinanimportantposition.Sobiddingforthecontractpriceset,theweightcanchangeoverthepastprogressandqualitycontrol,costcontrolinlightoftheidea.Fortheyearstarted,whenthecompletionoftheengineering,designdepartments,constructioncompanies,materialsupplydepartmentinaccordancewiththeirrespectivecontractors,useoffixedpricelumpsumcontractpriceofapacketdiefromstarttofinish.⑶DesignedtoimplementlimitForaproject,investmentinitsconstructionphaseinvolvesthedesign,materialprocurementandconstructionmanagementofthreeareas.Thequalityofinvestmentprojects,thelevelofprojectcost,playadecisiveroleistodesign.Engineeringdesignstageistheformationofthefirstphaseoftheprojectprice,atthisstageinvestmentopportunitiestosavemany,theamountoflarge,smallpricetopay.Thequalityoftheprojectconstructionperiod,theprojectfeatures,projectlifeandprojectreturnoninvestmentatthedesignstageandsotothecostoftechnologyandinvestmentform.Budgetmanagementoverthecurrentemphasisisoftenplacedontheconstructionphaseoftheconstructioncostmanagement,whileignoringthedesignstageandmaterialcostoftheprocurementphaseofmanagement,abudgetultra-budget,ultra-budgetsettlementisinevitablephenomenon.Intheprojectbiddingsystem,thecharacteristicsofengineeringdesignworkaretechnicaldecisionsofeconomic,technicaleconomicconstraints,thusenablingustodoagoodjobinprojectbiddingpricelimitseffectivecontrolmustbedesignednotonlytoachievethedesignofthescale,designstandards,designdepth,engineeringquantityandamountofinvestmentandotheraspectsofeffectivecontrol.⑷improvematerialprocurementmanagementsystem,stepbystepwiththemarket.Buildingattheinstallation,thematerialsabouttheprojectcostsJian'anaround70%.Attheinstallation,theequipmentalsoaccountforalargeproportion.Thereforeaffectthebiddingpriceisanotherfactormaterialprocurementmanagementsystem.Toreallymakethemarke