江西省赣州市部分学校2022-2023学年高三下学期4月联考英语试题

高三英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上，选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本试卷主要命题范围：高考范围第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whichticketoptiondoesthemantake?A.Firstclass.B.Secondclass.C.Businessclass.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeavacation.B.Finishworkontime.C.Findanassistant.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.TheInternet.C.Asearchengine.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapostoffice.B.Inagrocerystore.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Interesting.B.Exciting.C.Disappointing.第二节(共15小题，每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesthewomanusuallydoonSaturdays?A.Spendtimewithherfriends.B.Gotothegymtodoexercise.C.Payavisittohergrandmother.7.Whenwillthewomanpractiseherguitar?A.ThisSaturday.B.ThisSunday.C.NextTuesday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whattimeisthewoman’swatchnow?A.4:50.B.5:50.C.6:30.9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Byunderground.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny11.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Gobiking.B.Playfootball.C.Dothecleaning12.Whichteamdoesthemanlikebest?A.StateCollege.B.StateYouthTeam.C.St.Martins.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidthemandobeforegoingtotheAntarctic?A.Hereceivedspecialtraining.B.Hetaughtsomecouplesalesson.C.Hewroteanarticleaboutsurviving.14.Whatwastheworstdangerfortheman?A.Fallingintoicyholes.B.Lackingmunication.C.ingacrossastrongwind.15.Whatwasinthebox?A.Somecannedfood.B.Freshmeat.C.Vegetables.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Guideandtraveler.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisBirdsontheWingmainlyabout?A.Greekhistory.B.Anisland’sculture.C.Alovestory.18.WhyshouldyoubookforTuesday’sentertainmentnow?A.Itwillofferdiscountsforitstickets.B.Thenumberofparticipantsislimited.C.DianaFransenneedstomakepreparations.19.WhatcanyouenjoyonWednesday?A.Dance.B.Drumming.C.Jazzmusic.20.WhoisLeslieAger?A.Thedirectorofaband.B.Anindependentsinger.C.Anexcellentguitarist.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABestSleepMusicAppsIfyouwanttosleepbetteratnight,tryingasleepmusicappmightbetheanswer.Herearesomeidealsleepmusicappstochoosefrom.CalmCalmisoneofthemostpopularsleepmusicappsanditslargelibraryofrelaxingandsleepcausingtracksislargelyresponsibleforthat.Thisappoffersafreeversion,buttoreallytakeadvantageofwhatCalmhastooffer,youhadbetterchoosethepaidversion,whichcosts$69.99foroneyear.Alifetimemembershipis$399.99.RelaxMelodiesRelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalmyourmindwithrelaxingsound.Theposerisvisualandeasytouse,andtheDiscoverpagegivesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestoriesandbreathingexercises.Thoughitsfreeversionprovidesagreatintroductiontotheideaofsleepmusic,thepaidversionunlocksalargerlibraryofsounds.Considerpayingforitifthere'reparticularsoundsorfeaturesthatreallyattractyou.HeadspaceHeadspaceisafeaturerichappdesignedinasimplewaythatmakesitquickandeasytouseitslibraryofsleepspecificmusic.TheSleepiconatthebottomoftheappiseasytoidentifyandleadstoalibraryofoptionsthatincludeSleepMusicandSleepRadio.It'sworthnotingthatnearlyeverythinginHeadspace'sSleepLibraryrequiresanextrasubscription.Headspacecosts$69.99annually,oryoucanpay$12.99permonth.PzizzPzizzofferssleepmusictracksyoucanuseatnaptime,bedtime,ortoimprovefocus.OnethingthatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofacalmingvoicetobefortingorbenefitfromsomeonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyandmind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleandfemalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthevoiceislowandcalm.Ithasafreeversionbutyoushouldpayforextrasubscriptions.1.Whichappallowsyoutobinesleepmusicwithbreathingexercises?A.Calm. B.Headspace. C.Pzizz. D.RelaxMelodies.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayatleastfortheoneyearsubscriptionofHeadspace?A.$12.99. B.$69.99. C.$155.88. D.$399.99.3.WhatisspecialaboutPzizz?A.Itsvoicefornarrationisfixed. B.Itprovideslowandcalmmusic.C.Itoffersvoicenarrationoptions. D.Itsfocusissleepspecificmusic.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种睡眠音乐应用软件。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RelaxMelodies部分“RelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalmyourmindwithrelaxingsound.Theposerisvisualandeasytouse,andtheDiscoverpagegivesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestoriesandbreathingexercises.(放松旋律旨在用放松的声音让你的头脑平静下来。作曲家是可视化的，易于使用，探索页面让你可以访问其他应用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸练习。)”可知，RelaxMelodies不仅提供睡眠音乐，而且向用户分享呼吸练习技巧。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Headspace部分“Headspacecosts$69.99annually,oryoucanpay$12.99permonth.(Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。)”可知，Headspace一年的订阅费用至少是69.99美元。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Pzizz部分“OnethingthatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofacalmingvoicetobefortingorbenefitfromsomeonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyandmind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleandfemalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthevoiceislowandcalm.(让Pzizz与众不同的一点是它的声音叙事选项。如果你觉得有人帮助你放松身心会让你感到安慰或受益，那么Pzizz是一个不错的选择。男声和女声可选，声音低沉而平静。)”可知，Pzizz的特别之处是它提供多种旁白音的选择。故选C项。BItsoundsimpossiblefora500poundbeartobreakintoahousethroughasmallwindow.ButtheanimalknownasHanktheTankisnoordinarybear:Hehasusedhisextraordinarystrengthtoforceintoatleast28garagesinSouthLakeTahoeandisresponsiblefor152reportsofconflictbehaviorwiththelocalpeopleoverthepastsevenmonths.“Thissmartbeardoesnotbreakintoagaragewheretrashiskept,”thepolicedepartmentsaidinastatement.“Hehangsoutintheneighborhoodquiteoftenbecausehehasbeencontinuouslyrewardedwithfoodstoredingarages.”Themostrecentincidentoccurredlatelastweek,whenlocalpoliceofficerswerecalledtoahomeonCatalinaDrivewhenHankbrokeintoanothergarageandthepolicedepartmenthasplannedaspecialtrappingefforttoremoveHanktheTankfromtheneighborhood.Afterhe’scaught,itwilldecidewhetherhecanbeplacedinacontrolledhabitatorwhetherheshouldbekilled.“WehopethatHankcanavoidthesadendingofanotherfamousbearfromtheTahoearea,”itsaid.LikeHanktheTank,the500poundbearnamedtheSafewayBearhadlostitsfearofpeople.ItwasknownfordrivingawayKingsBeachgettogethers,helpingitselftoabirthdaycakeandothertreats.In2020,itwascaughtoncamerastealingfoodfromagrocerystoreatLakeTahoe’snorthernshore.ThebearwaseventuallytrappedandsenttoaremotewildhabitatinElDoradoCounty.Itstrackingcollarwasfoundinthewoodsinthespringof2021,leadingbiologiststohopethatithadsuccessfullygottenusedtoanaturaldietandlostweight,allowingthecollartoslipoff.Butthetruthwasveryheartbreaking.Thebigbearwasreducedtoashellofitsformerselfandwaskilledatacampgroundwhereafamilygatheringincludedsmallchildren.“Theactionoftheshooterwasthemosthumaneouteforthisbear,”saidoneofthebiologists.4.Whatdothepoliceofficersprobablysuggestthepublicdo?A.Avoidmixingfoodleftoverswithgarbage.B.Replacesmallwindowswithbiggerones.C.CallthepoliceoncetheyseeHanktheTank.D.Putfoodoutsidetohelpthetrappingeffort.5.WherewastheSafewayBearsent?A.ElDoradoCounty. B.KingsBeach.C.CatalinaDrive. D.LakeTahoe.6.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheSafewayBear?A.IthadahardlifeintheTahoearea.B.Itlostitsabilitytoliveinthewild.C.Itsuccessfullygotusedtoanaturaldiet.D.Itstolefoodandkilledpeopleonthebeach.7.Whatisthebiologist’sattitudetotheactionoftheshooter?A.Opposed. B.Skeptical. C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了进入人类居住区的两只熊，一只熊经常闯入车库寻找食物，另一只熊不害怕人类，最终没有适应野外生活被射杀。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的““Thissmartbeardoesnotbreakintoagaragewheretrashiskept,”thepolicedepartmentsaidinastatement.“Hehangsoutintheneighborhoodquiteoftenbecausehehasbeencontinuouslyrewardedwithfoodstoredingarages.”(“这只聪明的熊不会闯入存放垃圾的车库，”警察局在一份声明中说。“他经常在附近闲逛，因为它不断得到存放在车库里的食物作为奖励。”)”可推知，警方很可能建议避免把剩余的食物与垃圾混在一起。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“ThebearwaseventuallytrappedandsenttoaremotewildhabitatinElDoradoCounty.(这只熊最终被困住，并被送到了位于埃尔多拉多县的一个偏远的野生栖息地)”可知，SafewayBear被送到了ElDoradoCounty。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Itstrackingcollarwasfoundinthewoodsinthespringof2021,leadingbiologiststohopethatithadsuccessfullygottenusedtoanaturaldietandlostweight,allowingthecollartoslipoff.(2021年春天，人们在树林里发现了它的追踪项圈，这让生物学家们希望它已经成功适应了自然饮食并减肥，让项圈得以滑落)”和第二段的“Butthetruthwasveryheartbreaking.Thebigbearwasreducedtoashellofitsformerselfandwaskilledatacampgroundwhereafamilygatheringincludedsmallchildren.(但事实却非常令人心碎。这只大熊沦落为以前的自己的外壳，在一个营地被杀死，在那里，一个有孩子的家庭聚会在举行)”可知，SafewayBear失去了在野外生活的能力，在一个宿营地被杀死了。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的““Theactionoftheshooterwasthemosthumaneouteforthisbear,”saidoneofthebiologists.(“射击者的行为对这只熊来说是最人道的结果，”其中一位生物学家说)”可知，这位生物学家对射击者的行为是支持的。故选C。CWhenwe’rethirsty,wedrink.Itseemssosimple.Butthesciencebehindthatdecisionisamazinglyplex.aCaltcchresearcherreportsinthejournalNature.“Therearemanythirstrelatedcheckpointsthroughoutthebodyandbrain,”saysYukiOka,theauthor.Oneofthefirstcheckpointsispassedwhenwaterreachesourmouth,whichgivesourbrainarefreshingfeeling.Thenourbrainneedstoknowhowmuchwaterwearetakingintofigureoutwhenweshouldstop.Itcan’twaituntilthewaterisabsorbedintothebloodstreambecausethatcantake15minutesormore.Sothebodyhasanadditionalcheckpoint,whichisswallowing.Theactofswallowingactslikeameter,whichthebrainmonitorstoquicklydeterminehowmuchwaterisenteringthebody.“Still,thebraintakesaplextrustbutconfirmapproachtothisinformationandtheconfirmingprocesstakesacoupleofminutes,”Okasays.“Cellsneartheliver(肝)alsosendmessagestothebrainwhenwearedrinking.Thesecellsaren’tsensingthewaterdirectly.Experimentsshowtheyarerespondingtoachemicalthat’sproducedwhenwatermakesthebloodlesssalty.Inamatterofminutes,thechangeistranslatedintomoresensitivechemicalsignaltotellthebraintheexactchanges.”Thecheckpointneartheliverisnotthefinalone.There’sthengoingtobechangesinbloodpressurealongtheintestine(肠)whichcanbesensedaswell,thestudyreports.“Alloftheseplexmultiplecheckpointstoregulatethirstcanbeexpected,giventhelifeordeathnatureofourdependenceonwater.However,itjustshowshowplexanapparentlysimpleprocessactuallyworksinourbody.”Okasays.8.Whereisthecheckpointthatroughlymeasurestheamountofwaterwedrink?A.Inthemouth. B.Inthethroat.C.Alongtheintestine. D.Neartheliver.9Howmanythirstrelatedcheckpointsarementioned?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.10.HowdoesYukiOkafeelaboutthediscovery?A.Surprised. B.Confused. C.Encouraged. D.Overjoyed.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AWhyMultipleCheckpointsAreNeeded?B.WhereAretheThirstrelatedCheckpoints?C.WhichCellMeasurestheWaterWeDrink?D.HowDoOurBodyandBrainTellUstoDrink?【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在简单的喝水过程中，在整个身体和大脑中都有许多与口渴相关的检查点。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Sothebodyhasanadditionalcheckpoint,whichisswallowing.Theactofswallowingactslikeameter,whichthebrainmonitorstoquicklydeterminehowmuchwaterisenteringthebody.”(所以身体还有一个额外的检查点，那就是吞咽。吞咽的行为就像一个仪表，大脑通过监测仪表来快速确定有多少水进入身体。)可知，吞咽这动作能测量有多少水进入身体，所以是在喉咙处。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Oneofthefirstcheckpointsispassedwhenwaterreachesourmouth,whichgivesourbrainarefreshingfeeling.”(当水到达我们的嘴里时，第一个检查点就通过了，这给我们的大脑一种清新的感觉。)；文章第三段“Sothebodyhasanadditionalcheckpoint,whichisswallowing.”(以身体还有一个额外的检查点，那就是吞咽。)；文章第五段“Thecheckpointneartheliverisnotthefinalone.”(靠近肝脏的检查点不是最后一个。)以及文章第五段“There’sthengoingtobechangesinbloodpressurealongtheintestinewhichcanbesensedaswell,thestudyreports”(研究报告称，随后会有血压沿肠道的变化，这种变化也可以被感知到)可知，总共有四个检查点。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Alloftheseplexmultiplecheckpointstoregulatethirstcanbeexpected,giventhelifeordeathnatureofourdependenceonwater.However,itjustshowshowplexanapparentlysimpleprocessactuallyworksinourbody.”(考虑到我们对水的依赖是生死攸关的，所有这些复杂的多重检查点都可以用来调节口渴。然而，它只是显示了一个看似简单的过程在我们身体中的实际作用是多么复杂。)可知，YukiOka认为喝水这么简单的动作却是如此复杂的过程，所以可推测他对这样的发现也比较惊讶。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Therearemanythirstrelatedcheckpointsthroughoutthebodyandbrain”(这里有许多与口渴有关的检查点遍布全身和大脑)以及后文可知，本篇文章主要介绍在简单的喝水过程中，在整个身体和大脑中都有许多与口渴相关的检查点。再结合选项可知，B项WhereAretheThirstrelatedCheckpoints?(渴相关的检查点在哪里？)符合文意。故选B项。DWhenculturalheritagesitesdisappear,they’regoneforever.However,theyarebeingendangeredatanalarmingratebyrisingseas(Venice),pollution(theTajMahal)andovertourism(AngkorWat).Justtonameafew.Butwhenwetrytoprotecttheseheritagesites,wealsohavetofacesuchthornyquestionsas“Whatpartofthepastisworthpreservingandpassingontothenextgenerations?Whatdutydoweowetothecreationsofourancestors?Whatstrengthdowedrawfromtheirpresence—andwhen,onthecontrary,dotheybeealeadweight,preventingusfromprojectingourselvesintothefuture?”Humankindhasansweredthesedifficultquestionsdifferentlyindifferentplaces.InDresden,Germany,theFrauenkirchewasan18thcenturychurchwhosebellshapedtopwasalandmark.InFebruary,1945,oneofthemostdestructivebombingattacksofWorldWarIIkilledmorethan25,000peopleandreducedthecitytoruins.WithDresdenslowlyrebuiltafterthewar,theFrauenkirchewasleftinruins.ButafterGermanreunification,thechurchwasreconstructedusingmanyofitsoriginalmaterials,asastatementofpeaceandharmony.LiketheFrauenkirche,NotreDame,alandmarkinParis,whichwasdestroyedbyfirein2019,isbeingrebuiltascloseaspossibletohowitwasbefore,includingusingtheoriginalandpoisonousmetalleadfortheroof.Thatchoicewascontroversial,asfuturechoicesareboundtobeinthedebateabouthowtorestoreandpreservehistoricbuildings.Perhaps,noonecanclaimtohavetherightanswersonpreservation.Theremaynotevenberightanswers.Whatwewilldoistocontinuetotakecareofimportantculturalheritagesites,asamatterofsignificancetohumanity’spast,presentandfuture.12.Whichheritagesiteisovercrowded?A.Venice. B.Dresden. C.TheTajMahal. D.AngkorWat.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“thorny”inparagraph2?A.Tough. B.Smart. C.Interesting. D.Important.14.WhatdoestheauthordislikeabouttherebuildingofNotreDame?A.Thehighrebuildingcosts. B.Thetimingofreconstruction.C.Thechoiceofcertainmaterial. D.Thesignificanceofpreservation15.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Weshouldprotectasmanyheritagesitesaspossible.B.Itisbettertoleavethedamagedhistoricbuildingsalone.C.Historicbuildingsshouldberebuiltwiththesamematerials.D.Heritagesitesserveasanimportantlinkamonghumanbeings.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了文物是一种珍贵的不可再生资源，但是该如何保护而不让它变成枷锁，答案则莫衷一是。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,theyarebeingendangeredatanalarmingratebyrisingseas(Venice),pollution(theTajMahal)andovertourism(AngkorWat).(然而，由于海平面上升（威尼斯）、污染（泰姬陵）和过度旅游（吴哥窟），它们正以惊人的速度濒临灭绝)”可知，吴哥窟过于拥挤。故选D。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后的问题“Whatpartofthepastisworthpreservingandpassingontothenextgenerations?Whatdutydoweowetothecreationsofourancestors?Whatstrengthdowedrawfromtheirpresence—andwhen,onthecontrary,dotheybeealeadweight,preventingusfromprojectingourselvesintothefuture?(过去的哪一部分值得保存并传给下一代？我们对祖先的创造负有什么责任？我们从他们的存在中获得了什么力量？相反，他们什么时候会成为阻碍我们展望未来的沉重负担？)”以及第三段“Humankindhasansweredthesedifficultquestionsdifferentlyindifferentplaces.(人类在不同的地方对这些难题给出了不同的回答)”可推断，人类面临一系列难题，故画线词意思是“困难的”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“LiketheFrauenkirche,NotreDame,alandmarkinParis,whichwasdestroyedbyfirein2019,isbeingrebuiltascloseaspossibletohowitwasbefore,includingusingtheoriginalandpoisonousmetalleadfortheroof.(像圣母教堂一样，巴黎的地标性建筑巴黎圣母院在2019年被大火烧毁，目前正在尽可能地重建，包括使用原始的有毒金属铅作为屋顶)”可知，作者认为如果刻板地坚持修旧如旧而保留有毒材料是不明智的。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whatwewilldoistocontinuetotakecareofimportantculturalheritagesites,asamatterofsignificancetohumanity’spast,presentandfuture.(我们要做的是继续保护重要的文化遗产，这对人类的过去、现在和未来都具有重要意义)”可推断，作者认为重要的文物需要保护，因为那是人类的精神家园。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’simportanttobeabletotalktopeoplewhennetworkingandbuildingstrongrelationships.Ifyouworkinaprofessionalrole,youprobablyneedtomakesmalltalksometimes.However,youmaydon’tknowhowtomakesmalltalk.Don’tworry.____16____Putyourelectronicdevicesaway.Thefirststeptomakingsmalltalkistoputyourdevicesaway.Thisisasmallbutmeaningfulgestureinthisdigitalizedworld.____17____Givingyourfullattentiontothepersonyouarespeakingtoisgoodmanners.Also,itoffersachanceforyoutobuildarelationshipwithhim/her.Listenfirst.Insocialsituations,onewaytoshowyouareofferingyourfullattentionistolisten.____18____Whenyouarelistening,showyouarepayingattentionbypractisingnonverbalcueslikenoddingandmakingeyecontact.It’salsoagoodactivelisteningpracticetorepeatwhatsomeonejusttoldyou.Askopenquestions.____19____Forexample.“Howhavethingsbeen?”isabetterquestionthan“Haveyoubeenalright?”.Thelatterrequiresa“yesorno”response,whiletheformerdrawsoutinformationinaconversationalway.____20____Whensomeonetellsyousomethinginasmalltalkconversation,giveyourenthusiasticresponse.Yourpositivitynotonlycanshowyouarepayingattentionbutalsomightmakethemfeelvalued.Thisisgoodforbuildingarelationshipwithsomeoneyoudon’tknowverywell.A.Respondenthusiastically.B.Herearesometipsforyou.C.Theyaresomesimplebutusefulmethods.D.Behaveproperlyinresponsetoopenquestions.E.Whenyouaretalkingwithsomeone,listeningisalsoimportant.F.Whenyouaskaboutthepersonyouarespeakingto,askopenendedquestions.GPuttingyourphoneorputerawayshowsyoufocusonthepersonyouaretalkingto.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.F20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个闲聊的小技巧。【16题详解】分析设空，位于第一段段尾，应是起到承上启下的作用，根据前文“However,youmaydon’tknowhowtomakesmalltalk.Don’tworry.(然而，你可能不知道如何进行闲聊。别担心)”而后文开始介绍具体的方法可知，此处是在推荐一些闲聊的小技巧，所以B项“Herearesometipsforyou.(这里有一些建议给你)”符合文意。故选B项。【17题详解】根据前文“Putyourelectronicdevicesaway.Thefirststeptomakingsmalltalkistoputyourdevicesaway.Thisisasmallbutmeaningfulgestureinthisdigitalizedworld.(把你的电子设备收起来。闲聊的第一步是把你的收起来。在这个数字化的世界里，这是一个小而有意义的举动)”可知，本段主要讲述了闲聊时，把电子设备收起来，根据后文“Givingyourfullattentiontothepersonyouarespeakingtoisgoodmanners.(把你全部的注意力放在和你说话的人身上是有礼貌的)”可知，此处在解释为什么这么做，所以G项“Puttingyourphoneorputerawayshowsyoufocusonthepersonyouaretalkingto.(把或电脑放在一边，表明你专注于与你交谈的人)”符合本段主题，且是在解释为什么这么做。故选G项。【18题详解】根据前文“Listenfirst.Insocialsituations,onewaytoshowyouareofferingyourfullattentionistolisten.(先听。在社交场合，表现你全神贯注的一种方式就是倾听)”可知，本段主要讲述了倾听在闲聊中的重要性，所以E项“Whenyouaretalkingwithsomeone,listeningisalsoimportant.(当你和某人交谈时，倾听也很重要)”符合本段主题，其中listening为同词复现。故选E项。【19题详解】分析设空，空处位于第二句话，应是对首句的展开说明，根据前文“Askopenquestions.(问开放式问题)”可知，F项“Whenyouaskaboutthepersonyouarespeakingto,askopenendedquestions.(当你询问谈话对象的情况时，问一些开放式的问题)”符合文意，是对前句的展开说明，其中openendedquestions为同词复现。故选F项。【20题详解】分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“Whensomeonetellsyousomethinginasmalltalkconversation,giveyourenthusiasticresponse.Yourpositivitynotonlycanshowyouarepayingattentionbutalsomightmakethemfeelvalued.(当有人在闲聊中告诉你一些事情时，给予你热情的回应。你的积极态度不仅能表明你在关注他们，也会让他们感到被重视)”可知，本段主要讲述了，闲聊时，需积极回应对方，所以A项“Respondenthusiastically.(积极回应)”符合文意。故选A项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,BC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EnedeliaMottram,whohasbeenworkingasalunchladyataschoolcanteenfor18years,wentstraighttoherhusband,ametalfabricator(装配工)tocreateamobilecart(小推车).Together,theybothknewtheycoulddosomethingtohelpJuliannotonlygethis____21____easierbutalsomakeiteasierforhimto____22____attheschool.Julianisn’tan____23____firstgraderandheattendsaschoolthatisn’tbuiltforhis____24____becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒症).Butthatdoesn’tseemtostopthischeerfulkidfrom____25____allthatlifehastoofferevenwiththeproblemswithbeinga____26____person.Andhedid____27____someonhisfirstdayofschool.Hismomhadbeentothe____28____toensureJulianwouldhaveeverythingheneededbutsheforgotto____29____thelunchroom.Juliancouldn’t_____30_____thefoodnordidhehavea_____31_____tocarryitorgetuponthebenchto_____32_____andeathislunch.Enedelianoticedthatandknewherhusbandcouldoffer_____33_____.ThatnightshetoldherhusbandJamesaboutJulian’s_____34_____.Jamesthenstartedto_____35_____—designingacart,pletewithflames,apersonalizedlicenseplate,andabuiltinstepstool(梯凳)sothatJuliancanpullitoutwhenhe_____36_____toreachsomethingattheschool.Julian’smomHeatherwasaballoftearswhenshelearnedofthecartthatwas_____37_____forherson.Itmeantalottoherthatsomeonewouldbeso_____38_____toherchild.Andnowthankstothelunchlady’s_____39_____,Juliancouldenjoyhislunchtimeand_____40_____tourtheschool.21A.lunch B.invention C.learning D.exercise22.A.takeoff B.slowdown C.breakdown D.getaround23.A.intelligent B.ugly C.average D.energetic24.A.character B.race C.size D.major25.A.enjoying B.rejecting C.abandoning D.changing26.A.tall B.large C.fat D.little27.A.accept B.meet C.ignore D.overe28.A.restaurant B.school C.hospital D.factory29.A.decorate B.close C.clean D.check30.A.sell B.smell C.reach D.cook31.A.dream B.way C.permission D.reason32.A.sit B.watch C.speak D.sleep33.A.education B.help C.guidance D.money34.A.responsibilities B.responses C.suggestions D.challenges35.A.research B.resist C.work D.advertise36.A.needs B.forgets C.promises D.pretends37.A.made B.bought C.borrowed D.stolen38.A.polite B.kind C.open D.true39.A.modesty B.ambition C.honesty D.thoughtfulness40.A.aimlessly B.cautiously C.freely D.painfully【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.C25.A26.D27.B28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.B34.D35.C36.A37.A38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。学校食堂员工EnedeliaMottram看到患有侏儒症的Julian因为身体矮小而面临取餐难题后，她回到家跟身为金属装配工的丈夫说起了这件事，丈夫为Julian量身定做了一个小推车，这使得Julian能够轻松就餐并畅行校园。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们俩都知道，他们可以做些什么来帮助Julian，不仅让他的午餐更容易，而且让他在学校里更容易走动。A.lunch午餐；B.invention发明；C.learning学习；D.exercise锻炼。根据“EnedeliaMottram,whohasbeenworkingasalunchladyataschoolcanteenfor18years,wentstraighttoherhusband,ametalfabricator(装配工)tocreateamobilecart(小推车).”可知，制造移动手推车是为了帮助Julian就餐更容易。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们俩都知道，他们可以做些什么来帮助Julian，不仅让他的午餐更容易，而且让他在学校里更容易走动。A.takeoff脱掉；B.slowdown减速；C.breakdown抛锚；D.getaround走动。根据“attheschool.”可知，移动手推车很难帮助Julian轻松地在学校里走动。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Julian不是一个普通的一年级学生，他上的学校不是为他的身形建造的，因为他有侏儒症。A.intelligent聪明的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.average普通的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒症).”可知，Julian不是一名普通的学生。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julian不是一个普通的一年级学生，他上的学校不是为他的身形建造的，因为他有侏儒症。A.character角色；B.race种族；C.size尺寸；D.major主修课程。根据“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒症).”可知，因为Julian有侏儒症，学校不是为他的身形建造的。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这似乎并不妨碍这个快乐的孩子享受生活所给予的一切，尽管这个小小的人儿面临着种种问题。A.enjoying享受；B.rejecting拒绝；C.abandoning抛弃；D.changing改变。根据“Julianisn’tan____3____firstgraderandheattendsaschoolthatisn’tbuiltforhis____4____becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒症).”可知，学校的一切并不妨碍Julian享受生活所给予的一切。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这似乎并不妨碍这个快乐的孩子享受生活所给予的一切，尽管这个小小的人儿面临着种种问题。A.tall高的；B.large大的；C.fat胖的；D.little小的。根据“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒症).”可知，因为Julian患侏儒症，所以这个小小的人儿面临着种种问题。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他确实在上学的第一天遇到了一些问题。A.accept接受；B.meet遇到；C.ignore忽略；D.overe克服。根据“Butthatdoesn’tseemtostopthischeerfulkidfrom____5____allthatlifehastoofferevenwiththeproblemswithbeinga____6____person.”可知，Julian因为患侏儒症，上学的第一天遇到了一些问题。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julian的妈妈去了学校，以确保他会有他需要的一切，但她忘了检查餐厅。A.restaurant餐馆；B.school学校；C.hospital医院；D.factory工厂。根据“toensureJulianwouldhaveeverythingheneeded”可知，Julian的妈妈去了学校确保Julian在学校有他需要的一切。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Julian的妈妈去了学校，以确保他会有他需要的一切，但她忘了检查餐厅。A.decorate装饰；B.close关闭；C.clean清洁；D.check检查。根据“Hismomhadbeentothe____8____toensureJulianwouldhaveeverythingheneeded”可知，Julian的妈妈忘了检查餐厅。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Julian够不到食物，也没有办法拿着食物爬到长凳上坐下来吃午饭。A.sell卖；B.smell闻；C.reach到达；D.cook烹饪。根据“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒症).”可知，因为Julian患侏儒症，所以够不到食堂餐桌上的食物。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julian够不到食物，也没有办法拿着食物爬到长凳上坐下来吃午饭。A.dream梦想；B.way方法；C.permission允许；D.reason原因。根据“tocarryitorgetuponthebenchto____12____andeathislunch.”可知，Julian没有办法拿到食物。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Julian够不到食物，也没有办法拿着食物爬到长凳上坐下来吃午饭。A.sit坐；B.watch观看；C.speak发言；D.sleep睡。根据“getuponthebench”可知，Julian没有办法拿着食物爬到长凳上坐下来吃午饭。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Enedelia注意到了Julian面临问题，她知道她的丈夫可以提供帮助。A.education教育；B.help帮助；C.guidance指导；D.money金钱。根据“EnedeliaMottram,whohasbeenworkingasalunchladyataschoolcanteenfor18years,wentstraighttoherhusband,ametalfabricator(装配工)tocreateamobilecart(小推车).”可知，因为丈夫是金属制造商，Enedelia知道她的丈夫可以能够为Julian提供帮助。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，她将Julian面临的挑战告诉了丈夫。A.responsibilities责任；B.responses回复；C.