专题1高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧

阅读理解之词义猜测题英语第二轮复习专题词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1Theword“…”refersto/eans/couldbestbereostlielytomean______3Whatdoyouthintheeeans______

Lead-in导入1Definition定义法3Similarity相似法2Contrast对比法4Causeandeffect因果法5Eample例举法8CommonSense普通常识6WordFormation构词法猜测词义7Contet上下文Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreaeasily1Definition定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。adj易碎的,脆的Theherdsman,wholoosaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayearn牧羊人●信号词：be,becalled,means,bedefinedas,thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords,-----破折号等Amosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthrustthesinandthendrinblood

蚊子E1◎Aaingorreals◎Theyarevertebrates,thatis,animalshavebacbones◎Theaybelongorshort木匠动物学家脊椎动物青春期2018年全国III卷AdultsunderstandwhatitfeelslietobefloodedwithobjectsWhydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestoidsandtheirbelongingsThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelyownidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless1Whatdoesthewords“moreismore”ineanAThemore,thebetterBEnoughisenoughCMoremoney,moreworriesDEarnmoreandsoreA2Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。表示对比的信号词有yet,but,while,thoughhowever,otherwise,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof等。ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisnecstillremainsgrubbyJohnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty邋遢的节约的E2◎IntheedtoruninanorderlywayNow,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil◎Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate◎Althoughalargenumberoftohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthetheft混乱无辜的天生的

Mostofusagreed,however,Billdissentedv不同意3Similarity相似法：利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。CleaninguoustasThejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlaeswhichhavebeenpollutedadj巨大的;极大的当被猜的词前后有信号词:or,lie,as…as,thesameas等就可以通过同义词、近义词来确定词义了。Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-agedMyauntwasanoldwoman,almostasother,andmuchshorter圆胖的,4CauseEffect因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。OnewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothingThatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheehibitsinonedayadj贫穷的,穷困的adj大的因果关系信号词:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thusRubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelasticTheriverissoturbidthatitisimevenwhenitisshallow弹性的混浊的5Eample,suchas:such,lie,especially,include,consistof等Todayyoungcouoneyonaachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisionsn电器用具

Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbraesOnthefarmtheymainlyraiseeat家禽装置6WordFormation构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：suini-极小的,微小的micro-（极微小的）re-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能…的）-less（不，无）-wards向suanmicrowave超人nonnaturalmiselessnonsmoer无家可归的rebuildeastwards重建Canyouguesstherightmeanings微波非烟民发错音向东Todaytheserica,Asiaand,unfortunately,insomeosteverystateWhatdoestheword“unlawful”eanAallowedbythelawCagainstthelawBinaccordancewiththelawDhavingnothingtodowiththelawPrefi前缀）usual—unusualhappy--unhappy

EgI’mgoingtobuyamicrobusmicrobus微型公共汽车Thisost neverhappenedunforeseeable不可预见的1Definition定义法3Similarity相似法2Contrast对比法4Causeandeffect因果法5Eample例举法8CommonSense普通常识6WordFormation构词法猜测词义7Contet上下文Summary7Contet上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。

Tomsawan

owlinatreelastnight．A．abirdB．ananimalC.astar1）Tomsawan

owlinatreelastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnear．A．abirdB．ananimalC.astarAABn猫头鹰2）

Thechildrenarelookingatanape

atthezoo．A．akindofmonkeyB．akindoftreeC．akindofbird

Thechildrenarelookingatalarge,hairy

apeatthezoo．A．akindofmonkeyB．akindoftreeC．akindofbirdAACn猿8Commonsense普通常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词时，猜测词义的能力自然就会增强。Whenadoctorsanoaehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthisWhenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalae,youwillwatcharietalepandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled麻药波纹膨胀冷缩

◎Oneofsymscausedbytheicalliquidishighlyvolatile,wemusteepitinabottlewhichhasatightlid◎Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshiveredwiththeterriblecold症状易挥发的颤抖Inquiry-basedActivities探究活动Aman’songtheblac-tentenIftheyarehonored,heisalsohonoredIftheyaredisgraced,hetooisdisgracedThereforeonecarefullyguardsthehonorofhisfamily,hislineage宗系,andhistribeTheword“disgrace”means_________inthistetAhonorBendangerCeDTherulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionhewasbanishedAfewmembersoftheSenate参议院oajorityvotedthattherulershouldleavethecountryforeverTheunderlinedword“banished”mean_______Ai