2021届北京市延庆区张山营中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析

2021届北京市延庆区张山营中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASevenhugsHugOneDoyouwanttoimprovethequalityofyoursleep?SevenhugshascreatedHugOnethattracksdifferentsleeppatternstohelpfamiliesconsistentlyrestbetter.Therearedozensofdevicesandtoolsdevotedtomonitoringthesleep.But,HugOneistheworld’sfirstfamilysmarthomesleepsystem,whichintegratesacalculationruleforsleeppatternsofchildrenandadults.HugOneisawell-designedproduct,fullofasenseofscienceandtechnology.Itconnectstoanumberofsmallersensorscalled“minihugs”,whichareplacedontheedgeofeachbed.Theymonitorthesleeppatternsandotherdatacomingfromthepersonsleepinginthatbed.Thedataarethensenttoanapponthesmartphone.ThebenefitsofHugOneinclude:HavingasmartalarmclockontheappasHugOnelearnsyoursleepcycleandautomaticallysetsandsoundstowhenthebestmomentinyoursleepcycleisidentified.Monitoringtemperatureandhumidityinyourbedroomaswellasindoorairqualityforthemainlivingspace.Linkingwithsmartlampsandthermostats,allowinguserstofallasleepwithsunsetlightandpreferrednighttimetemperatures,andwakeuptosunriselightandpreferreddaytimetemperatures.Ensuringsafetyfromelectronictransmissionswhenyousleep-whentheminihugsensesapresenceinbed,itshutsoffitselectronictransmissionsandstartsrecordingsleepdataandsendingthemtotheapp.Thefollowingareselectedfromcustomers’comments:IpreferHugOne,sinceit’sconvenienttouse.Isimplyplacetheminihuginthecornerofmybedunderthesheetanditgoestoworkmonitoringmysleepcycle.It’sreallygood.—RobertComptonHugOneavailableforpurchaseincludes:IthinkHugOneisahumanizedproduct.It’sshareable,andI’veconnectedeightminihugstotheHugOnebaseinmyhouse.Allmyfamilymembersthinkhighlyofit.—ChrisHanawaltHugOnewillprovidemaximumprotectionforyoursleep.Ifyouwanttogetmoredetailedinformation,pleasecallthesellersat1-800-576-1899or.Style:SleepTrackingSystem＋2SleepSensorsColour:Blue＋RoseHowdoesHugOneeffectivelywork?Itcontrolssleeppatternsautomatically.Itcreatessmartsystemsforabettersleep.Itcollectssleepdatathroughtheminihugs.Itmakesacalculationofthedatasensorsneed.Accordingtothepassage,HugOnecan .adjusttemperature,humidityandairqualityinbedroomsupdatethesleepcyclesbyaidofanalarmclockontheapprecordsleepdatawhenthereareelectronictransmissionsinbedhelpusersfallasleepandwakeupnaturallywithpreferredtemperaturesThepassageismademorebelievableby .A.providingstatistics B.drawingacomparisonC.givingademonstration D.usingrecommendationsBIdentifyingthechemicalmakeupofpigment（色素）usedinancientdocuments,paintings,andwatercolor1siscriticaltorestoringandconservingthepreciousartworks.However,despitenumerousefforts,scientistshadbeenunabletodeterminethesourceoffolium,apopularbluedyeusedtocolor1manuscripts（手稿）inEuropeduringthemiddleages—fromthe5thtothe15thcentury.Now,ateamofresearchersfromPortugalhasfinallyuncoveredthemysteriousingredientresponsibleforthegorgeousblueish-purplecolor1thathelpedbringancientillustrationsandtextstolife.TheresearchteambeganbyporingoverinstructionspennedbyEuropeandyemakersfromthe12th,14th,and15thcenturies.Theyfoundwhattheywereseekingina15th-centurytextentitledTheBookonHowtoMakeAlltheColorPaintsforIlluminatingBooks.However,translatingtheinstructionswasnoeasytask.ItwaswritteninthenowextinctJudaeo-Portugueselanguage,andthoughthesourceofthedyewastracedbacktoaplant,nonamewasmentioned.However,bypiecingtogethersuggestionsfromthetext,thescientistswereabletodeterminethatthedyewasmadefromthebluish-greenberriesofthechrozophoratinctoriaplant.Afteranextensivesearch,theteamfoundafewvarietiesoftheplantgrowingalongtheroadsidenearthetownofMonsarazinsouthPortugal.Thedetailedinstructionsgavetheresearcherscriticalclues—includingthebesttimetopicktheberries.“Youneedtosqueezethefruits,beingcarefulnottobreaktheseeds,andthentoputthemonlinen（亚麻）.”Thescientistsaysthedetailwasimportantsincebrokenseedspollutedthepigment,producinganinferiorqualityink.Thedyedlinen,whichwaslefttodry,wasanefficientwaytostoreandtransportthepigmentduringancienttimes.Whenneeded,theartistwouldsimplycutoffapieceoftheclothanddipitwithwatertosqueezeoutthebluecolor1.Oncethekeyingredienthadbeenidentified,theresearchersbegantodeterminethedye’smolecularstructure.Totheirsurprise,theyfoundthatfoliumwasnotlikeanyotherknownpermanentbluedyes—itwasanentirelynewclassofcolor1,onetheynamedchrozophoridin.“Chrozophoridinwasusedinancienttimestomakeabeautifulbluedyeforpainting.”theteamwroteinthestudy.“Thus,webelievethatthiswillnotbeourfinalwordonthisamazingplantanditsstoryandthatfurtherdiscoverieswillfollowsoon.”4.Theprimarypurposeofthestudyisto .restoreandconserveancientpreciousartworksdeterminethesubstancemakingupthefoliumprovetheancientdye-makingtechniquewasorganicidentifywhichclassofcolor1foliumbelongstoTheunderlinedphrase“poringover”inthesecondparagraphmeans .A.discussingpublicly B.testingrepeatedlyC.passingdirectly D.readingcarefullyWhatcanbelearnedaboutthebluedyefolium?Itwasessentiallyaninferiortypeofink.Itwastheonlykindmadefromwildberries.Itcouldbecarriedandusedeasily.Itwascarefullysqueezedfrombrokenseeds.Thearticleismainlyabout .howthemysteryofathousand-year-oldbluedyewassolvedwhytheresearcherstookthetroubletorecreatethedyewhatneedstobedonetomakeanorganicdyefromaplantwhenandwherethediscoveryofthedyewasmadeCKidsages6to13inCapeTown,SouthAfrica,reallydodiglearningatschool!WiththehelpoftheEarthchildProject,whichisofferedinschoolsintwotownships,studentsmakeworm（蠕虫）farms.Thewormsbreakdownfoodwasteandmakethesoilricher.Kidsgrowseedlings（幼苗）incontainersandlearnabouttheimportanceofgoodnutrition.Theschoolprogramalsooffersyoga（瑜伽）.Teachersfindthattheexerciseshelpstudentsfocusbetter.ThestudentsenjoyEarthchildactivities.“Thechildrengetssoexcited”,saysteacherVuyelwaRola.“Thesocietyweareinhasalotofnoise.WhenstudentsaretakingpartintheEarthchildProject,theyfeelcalm.”DirectorJannaKretzmarcameupwiththeideafortheprojectin2005.ShereadaboutschoolsinIndiathatinvolvedkidsinyogaandlearningoutsidetheclassroom.ShedevelopedtheEarthchildProjecttooffersimilaractivitiesinCapeTownschools.“WehopetheEarthchildProjectcanhelpstudentsfindsolutionstoallthechallengestheyarefacingintheworldtoday,”Kretzmarsaid.“Thebestplacetocreatechangeiswiththeyouth,througheducation.”TheEarthchildProjectcombinesschoolworkwithhiking,gardening,healthyliving,andyoga.“Weneedmorethanjustmathandsciencetobecomehappy,healthy,inspired,andactivecitizensofourcommunities,”saysKretzmar.InsomecommunitiesinCapeTown,childrenliveinpoverty.Theymustwalklongdistancestogetcleandrinkingwater.Lifeishard.ButaccordingtotheEarthchildProject’sCarlyAppleby,theprojectworkstogivehopetoeverychild.“Studentswhohavehope,”shesays,“aimforbiggergoals”.Whatdostudentsbenefitfromyoga?Ithelpsthemcalmdown.Ithelpsthemconcentrate.Theycanlearnsomelivingskills.Theycanlearnabouttheimportanceofnutrition.Whatarestudents’attitudetowardstheEarthchildProject?A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful.C.Supportive. D.Negative.WhatdoyouknowabouttheEarthchildProject?Itwasfoundedin2005.Itonlyoffersoutsideactivities.TheideacameupbyVuyelwaRola.Itisaimedathelpingstudentsfindsolutionstochallenges.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?HardLifeinSouthAfrica.Students’schoollifeinCapeTown.HopefromEarthchildProjectinCapeTown.ThedifferencesbetweentraditionallessonsandEarthchildProject.DCyclinghaslongbeenasportwhereacompetitiveedgeispursued,oftenatanycost.Cyclingshorts,however,wereanareathattechnologyhadyettoenter.Littlewasaddedtothemapartfrom,perhaps,somepaddingtoprotectarider.Now,however,newcyclingshortsarebeingequippedwithsensorstohelpridersdefeatopponentseasily.ABritishstart-uphascreatedapairofshortsthatuseselectricsensorsandartificialintelligencetoshapeandstrengthencyclists'muscleswhiletheyaremoving.Itplanstoalsoadaptthisproductnextyearforjoggersandpeopleatthegym.Theshorts,createdbyDevonLewis,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofSouthampton,areabletosendouttinyelectriccurrentsintoauser'smusclestoimprovetheircyclingtechnique.MrLewis,27,cameupwiththeideaafterstudyingaconnectionbetweenthebrainandmusclesthatsendschemicalsignalsfrommotorneuronstomusclefibrestomakethemusclecontractandstrengthen.Theshorts,createdbyMrLewis'sstart-upbypassthisconnectionusingelectriccurrentstobuildmusclestrengthdirectly,withoutrelyingonthebraintosendoutsignals.“Wehavealimitedabilitytocontrolourmusclesnaturally,”MrLewissaid.“Youcancontrolthemmoreexactly,getmorefromyourmusclesandcontractthemmorestrongly,ifyoustimulatethemdirectlywithelectricity.”Electricwiresintheshortssendoutcurrentsthatactivatethemuscle.“Forthoseworriedaboutgettingashockwhilecycling,”MrLewissaid,“It'ssortofthesamethingaswhenyouhavespicyfoodandyougetthatlittlerush.Itfeelsstrangewhenyoufirststartusingitbutthenyouadapttoitquitequickly.”HisideahasreceivedsupportfromFutureWorlds,astart-upacceleratoratSouthamptonUniversity.TheproductisbeingshownnextweekatthetechnologyconferenceCES,helddigitallythisyear.What'sthestrengthofthenewlyinventedcyclingshorts?Theyhelpcyclistsperformbetter.Theylastlongerthannormalones.C.Theycankeepabalancedcomfort. D.Theyhavetoolstomakegoodfigures.Whycanthecyclingshortshelptherunnersandjoggers?Theyaremadeofqualitycottonmaterials.Theyarecreatedbyworld-topdesigners.Theycanmakerunningorjogginglessboring.Theyaremadeintelligentlywithelectricsensors.Whatmaybesomepeople'sworryabouttheshorts?A.Theymayspendmorethantheycanafford. B.Theygetlittlehelpfromthenewshorts.C.Theymaygetshockedbytheelectricity. D.Thenewshortscan'tfunctionwellenough.15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?TheSpecialCyclingShorts B.WaystoBeaGoodRunnerC.HowShortsBenefitYou D.SomeTipsaboutRunningFast第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项___16___Thefollowingisaboutthevariousbenefitsofreadingbooks.Readingbooksprovidesyouwithnewknowledge.___17___Itcanbeafactabouthistoryoratheoryyoudidn’tknowexisted.Ifyouwanttolearnnewwords,readingbooksisagreatwaytoenlargeyourvocabulary.___18___Similartosolvingpuzzles,readingbooksallowsyourmindtopracticeitsprocessingskills.Goingwithoutbooksfortoolongwillturnyourmindintoawhirl（混乱）.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofreadingbooksisitsabilitytodevelopyourcriticalthinkingskill.Readingmysterynovels,forexample,sharpensyourmind.Whereveryouarefacedwithasimilarprobleminreallife,yourmindisabletoputitsmystery-solvingskillstoatest.Oneoftherealbenefitsofreadingbooksisthattheinformationinitcanbeaccessedoverandoveragain.___19___Followingarecipefromacookingshowwillbedifficult.Don’teventhinkaboutwritingtheinformationdownbecauseyoumaylosethepaperyouwrotedownonsoonerorlater.Thesearejustsomeofthewonderfulbenefitsofreadingbooks.Whydon’tyoudropbythebookstoreorlibraryandpickabookup?Ifyoucan’tevengooutside,youcandownloadfree-beooksonlineandreadthemonyourcomputer.___20___A.Readingbookskeepsyourmindabsent.Youcanimproveyourmemorybyreading.Readingkeepsyourmindingoodcondition.Everyonecanbenefitalotfromreadingbooks.Thatway,youcanseehowadvantageousreadingcanbeforyourself.Forexample,readingacookbookallowsyoutoreviewtheprocedureswheneveryouneedto.Wheneveryoureadsomething,youlearninformationthatyouotherwisewouldn’thaveknown.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Aftermovingintomymother’shometolookafterherfollowinganillness,Ifoundmyselfthinkingaboutmyown___21___.ItwasclearthatI___22___tofindsomethingthatwouldhelpme___23___thehousemoreoften.Ifoundmy___24___whilestandinginlineatthestorecheckoutonesunnyspringday.Redwordsonthecoverofamagazinecaughtmy___25___,“WalkOffWeight!”After___26___theadvantagesofwalking,IknewIhadfoundtheperfect___27___thatwouldnotonlymakemespendmoretimeoutdoors,butwouldalsohelpmekeep___28___.Ididn’tstartwalkingfourmilesrightaway;Ibegan___29___.Afterafewweeks,I 30 fromwalkingtwomileseverydaytobetweenfourandsixmileseveryday.My 31 increasedfromaboutthreemilesperhourtooverfour.Itwasn’tlongbeforeIbegantonoticethemany 32 inbothmyphysicalandemotional（情绪的）health.Ilost 33 .Theextra（额外的）fatI’dbeencarryingaroundmystomachdisappeared.Mybodywas 34 andbecamemoreshapely.Evenmybackpainhad 35 !Theadvantagestomyemotionalhealthwerealsogreat.Myspiritsliftedwitheachpassingday.Icouldhardly 36 togetupeachmorning.Withmoreself-confidence,IalsofoundmyselftobemoresociableandthatIbeganto 37 meetingnewpeople. 38 mymotherbecamelessofatiringtask.Feeling 39 ,Iwasabletolookafterherwithgreatenthusiasm（热情）.I 40 hertotrytobecomeashealthyandashappyasIfelt.21.A.dreamB.planC.healthD.work22.A.neededB.refusedC.failedD.forgot23.A.liveinB.moveintoC.getoutofD.keepawayfrom24.A.purposeB.answerC.jobD.hobby25.A.eyeB.legC.handD.armD.writing26.A.talkingaboutB.readingaboutC.hearingaboutabout27.A.thoughtB.behaviorC.adviceD.activity28.A.fitB.safe C.quiet D.busy29.A.suddenlyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.finally30.A.progressedB.leftC.followedD.ended31.A.timeB.speedC.ageD.size32.A.changesB.differencesC.problemsD.chances33.A.touchB.interestC.heartD.weight34.A.heldupB.broughtupC.givenupD.builtup35.A.appearedB.goneC.returnedD.increased36.A.stopB.manageC.waitD.promise37.A.avoidB.enjoyC.regretD.remember38.A.WaitingforB.WorkingforC.SearchingforD.Caringfor39.A.lonelyB.proudC.livelyD.worried40.A.encouragedB.forcedC.requiredD.allowed第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式I’mwritingtoinviteyoutothecommunitylecture 41. (concern)garbageclassification.Giventhatmostneighborsfailtoclassifygarbageproperly 42. theyreallytryto,ourcommunity 43. (organize)thislectureinanattempttoguidethisdeed.Garbageclassificationis 44. greatsignificance.First,notonlycanitcopewithpollutionissue 45. (effective)butmorespaceoriginally 46. (occupy)bywastelandwillbespared.Second,wecanundeniablymake 47. differencebytakingadvantageofrecyclablegarbage.Tofulfillyour 48. (responsible)toliveaneco-life,comeandjoininthelecturethatisexpected 49. (give)at3p.m.nextSundayontheplayground.Onlywithcombinedeffortscanwemake 50. (we)neighborhoodbetter.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节短文改错(满分10分).文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(回)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线(__),并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分Lastweek,ourteachergaveusatasktowriteapaperaboutOldChina.Imakeupagroupwithanotherthreeclassmates.Wedidn’thavemuchinformation,butwedecidedtoasktheteacher.Afterthat,wetookthetriptovisitafamousmuseum.Whenwearrivedthemuseum,wesawthestatue（雕塑）ofDengXiaoping.Hisgreatimageletustoadmirehimimmediately.Thereweresomanystatueofgreatpeople,whofoughtbraveforNewChinaandmadewhatwearetoday.Whenfacingwithdifficultsituations,theychosetosacrifice（牺牲）them.Theirstoriesaresotouching,whoencourageustocherishthelifewehave.第二节书面表达（满分25分）.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ashelayawakethatnight,TonycouldhearhisparentsdiscussinghissisterAlice’sbirthday.Itwasjusttwodaysaway.Birthdayswerealwaysalotoffun,eventhoughtherewasnomoneyforstore-boughtg