2018年高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题四任务型阅读第一步技法精准剖析版含答案

专题四任务型阅读滿分方睛第一步技法精准剖析九解题步骤与方法2宴刃中应注意培养解题能力2境习連仪解题步骤与方法•略读。快速浏览全文，理清文章基本结构，了解文章的框架及各段大意。•扫读。扫读图表，分析表格结构和内容，准确定位填空的要求，以便带着问题寻找答案。•细读。深入理解文章内容，分析整合信息，准确表达。归纳概括，转换信息寻找答案。.复查。通观全篇，复读检查，尤其要注意大小写和拼写。复习中应注意培养解题能力1.培养词形和词性转换能力。用所给词的适当形式填空Thecarrusheddowntheroadatastonishing(astonish)speed.Thepostalservice(serve)hereisveryunreliable.Theexamwasrelatively(relative)easy.常见的词性转换有：说明举例动词转化为名词，这类动词变为名词后，常跟have,make,take等词搭配表示一个动作havea（n）look（talk,wash,swim,rest,dream,laugh,ride,dance,interview,etc.）makea（n）study（guess,visit,call,change,answer,reply,promise,request,etc.）takea（n）seat（drive,look,bath,etc.）表具体实物的名词可转化为动词adropofwater（水）,water（浇）theflowers;amap（地图）ofEurope,map（绘制地图）theSouthPole;abicyclechain（链条）,chain（拴住）aboattoatree表身体部位或某类人的名词可转化为动词Thestonehithimonthehead（头）.Head（前进）straightforthefactory.Thenurse（护士）ondutyisnursing（护理）thepatient.表抽象概念的名词可转化为动词Time（时间）isabirdforeveronthewing.Takeadeepbreathand'lltime（计时）you.有些形容词可作动词用Yourwatchisfiveminutesslow（慢的）.Slowdown（放慢）yourcarinthecrowdedstreets.Let'ssitintheshadeandgetcool（凉爽的）.Openthewindowstocool（使凉爽）theroom.培养英语释义与概括能力，如：根据提示用意义相同的词完成各句，每空一词。Theboyfeltuncomfortablewithhisnewclassmates,notcomfortable)Ifyouignoreyourdiet，troublewillfollow.(paynoattentionto)Atanyrate，themedicalsupplieswillreachyouwithinaweek.(thingssuchasfood，medicines，etc.thatareneededbyagroupofpeople)培养逆向思维能力。如：根据提示用意义相反的词完成各句，每空一词。Iamunabletocycletoschoolbecausemybicycleisbroken.(able)Therehasbeenasteadydecreaseinpopulationinthiscity.(increase)Theroughroadmadethecarvibrate.(smooth)培养语篇结构解读能力。利用完形填空和阅读理解的文章，在阅读后，写出文章主题、段落大意，并自己动手绘制语篇结构图，以提高语篇结构解读的能力。复习建议学生在做任务型阅读时经常会遇到难以理解文章结构与图表；难以用适当的词或某个词的适当形式填空；不会概括；方法不当，信心不足等问题。因此，在备考复习时要有的放矢地进行训练，特别要在以下几个方面注意积累经验。学会查读(1)带着问题有意识地在细节处和关键处做标记；⑵留意最醒目的字眼(time,age,number,place...)；(3)根据信息词搜索所需要的内容。如：5W+H:who,what,when,where,why,how；时间先后：first,then,afterthat,next,finally；因果：because,thus,leadto,causedby,asaresultof；比较：similarly,differently,like,unlike,but,while,however,instead,onthecontrary。学会组织、表述信息(1)用名词所有格代替of。如：thecitizens'Iongerliving代替theIongerlivingofthecitizens词性转换。如：原文：Takingagapyearandgoingtouniversityoffervaluableexperienceinsimilarways...转换成表格中：Similaritiesbetweentakingagapyearandgoingtouniversity...句子结构转换。如：原文：Onelikelydevelopmentwillbeagradualchangeinthefamilyunit；theotherlikelydevelopmentwillbeachangeintheproportionofthenation'sworkforce.把该句中的两个分句分别转换成三个词以内的名词短语：familyunitchange；workforceproportionchange(注意抓住句子中传达主要信息的关键词 )另选其他词来释义。如：原文：...Theministrywarnedthattheftsandrobberiesinsideornearbanksroserapidly，withthevictimsmostlywomenandelderlypeople...Itadvisedpeoplenottotakealargeamountofcashwhiletraveling...转换成表格中：Theftandrobberyaccountedfor80%；womenandelderlypeopleweremostlytargetedfor；peoplewereadvisedtoavoidtakingalargeamountofcash.3．学会归纳、概括原文第一段：Bytheendofthisdecade，morethanhalfoftheworld'spopulationwillliveincities.Urbanizationbringsmanyproblemstoalmosteverycountryintheworld，amongwhichenergyisoneofthemostseriousone.概括成题目：Title：UrbanizationandDevelopment复习时注意积累一些概括性的词汇，它们的特征是：(1)概括性，在最大限度上覆盖栏内信息；(2)针对性，不能太大也不能太小，量体裁衣，大小适度；(3)醒目性，注意措词。如：reason(s)，cause(s)，result(s)，effect(s)，consequence(s)，advice，suggestion(s)，opinion(s)，problem(s)，m