07第七章 限定词(一)表示名词的数量

PAGEPAGE1第七章限定词（一）：表示名词的数量29．数量限定词 英文中的数量词常用的有：只与可数名词连用只接单数的oneeacheveryoneboyeachboyeveryboy只接复数的two，three，etc.bothacoupleofapairofafewfewseveralmanyanumberoftwoboysbothboysacoupleofboysapairofglassesafewboysfewboysseveralboysmanyboysanumberofboys只与不可数名词连用alittlelittlemuchagreatdealofalargeamountofalittlewaterlittlewatermuchwateragreatdealofwateralargeamountofwater与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可notanysomealotoflotsofplentyofmostallnotanyboys,notanywatersomeboys,somewateralotofboys,alotofwaterlotsofboys,lotsofwaterplentyofboys,plentyofwatermostboys,mostwaterallboys,allwater

30．数量词与of连用 在上述数量词中，有些还可以接of短语连用：all/most/some/anyof+特指限定词+复数可数或不可数名词比较：Mostbooksareinteresting.Mostofbooksareinteresting.（不正确）Mostofmy/these/the/John’sbooksareinteresting.这里“特指限定词”包括：this,that,these,those；my,theirJohn’s等名词所有格；themany/afew/few/several/both/two/threeof+特指限定词+复数可数名词比较：ManystudentsaregoodatEnglish.ManyofstudentsaregoodatEnglish.（不正确）ManyofthesestudentsaregoodatEnglish.much/alittle/littleof+特指限定词+不可数名词Muchwateriswasted.Muchofwateriswasted.（不正确）Muchofthewateriswasted.其他数量词如：alotof，lotsof，acoupleof，plentyof，anumberof，agreatdealof一般直接与名词连用。如：alotofbooks，agreatdealofwater，acoupleofdays特别关注：all（三个或以上都）/both（两个都）的用法：研究以下句子：正确：Allstudentsaresmart.所有学生都很聪明。正确：Allofmystudentsaresmart.正确：Allmystudentsaresmart.（all的独特用法）不正确：Allofstudentsaresmart.但其他数量词不能像all第三种句子这样用。如我们不能说：mostmystudents，mostthestudents，manythesestudentsboth和all的用法类似。31．数量词afew，few/alittle，little31.1与名词搭配 afew，few后面只能接可数名词复数；而alittle，little后面只能接不可数名词。例如： afewdays，fewboys alittlewater，littlewater31.2肯定/否定之别 afew，alittle意思是肯定的，相当于some，表示“有一些”。而few，little意思是否定的，表示“很少，几乎没有”。例如：a. Histheoryisratherdifficult;fewpeopleunderstandit.=almostnopeopleunderstandit. 他的理论很深奥，没有什么人能够理解。 b. Histheoryisratherdifficult,butafewpeopleunderstandit.他的理论很深奥，但却有 一些人能够理解。c. IhavelittleinterestinEnglish,soIamverypoolatit.我对英文没什么兴趣，所以学得不好。d. IhavealittleinterestinEnglish,soIlikelearningit.我对英文有些兴趣，所以我喜欢学。31.3与only或very搭配 我们只能说：onlyalittle，onlyafew；而不能说：onlyfew，onlylittle。但为了强调否定意义，我们可说：veryfew，verylittle。 Histheoryisratherdifficultand______studentscanunderstandit.onlyfewonlyafewonlylittleonlyalittle 正确答案：B32．数量词some/any32.1从与名词搭配来看，some和any均可以与不可数名词和可数名词复数连用，表示“一些”。Some一般用在肯定句中；而any一般用在否定句中。例如： a. Clintisbusy.Healwayshassomeworktodo.ButJohnislazy.Heneverdoesanywork. b. LastnightIwasveryhungryandIwantedsomefoodtoeat.ButnowIamnothungryandIdon’twantanyfoodtoeat. c. Ineedsomemedicinetocuremycough. d. Iwanttobuysomecomputerbooks. f. Idon’thaveanyfriendshere.32.2在疑问句中，我们多数情况用any，但是在表示我们期待一个正面回答或要鼓励对方说“是”时，要用some在疑问句中。例如： a. Haveyougotanymedicinetocureyourcough? b. Wouldyouliketogivemesomeadvice? c. CanIhavesomemorewine?any可以表示“无论哪一个，任何一个”，此时可用于任何类型的句子。Youcancatchanybus.Theyallgototherailwaystation.你可以随便搭一辆公车，它们都去火车站。

第七章限定词（一）：表示名词的数量练习选择题：（数量限定词与名词的搭配） 1 Anniswearing______rings. 2 Anniswearing______jewelry. A.five B.several C.some D.lotsof E.toomany F.toomuch G.afew H.alittle I.no J.every K.each 3 Hedoesn’thave______money. A.much B.many C.afew D.little 4 There______badnewsontelevisiontonight. A.istoomuch B.aretoomuch C.istoomany D.aretoomany 5 ______peopleleftearly. A.Alot B.Afew C.Alittle D.Less 6 Only______dollarshavebeenborrowedfromthemanager. A.afew B.few C.some D.little 7 Theletterwasshortbecausetherewasn’t______. A.manynews B.muchnews C.alotnews D.alotofnews （在必要的地方加上of）Some______studentsarelazyandsome______studentsarehard-working.Some______mystudentsarezlittlelazy.Iboughtafew______booksyesterday.Ireadafew______thosebooksyesterday.Most______peopleneedsixtoeighthoursofsleepeverynight.Most______thepeopleinthisclasslikeEnglish.Jackaskedmemany______questions.Most______hisquestionsareaboutgrammar.I’mnewhere.Idon’tknowmany______people.I’mnewinthisclass.Idon’tknowmany______myclassmates.（all和both的独特用法：判断下列空格哪些不能加of，哪些可加可不加）Almostall______childrenlikestories.All______mychildrenareclever.Both______thosebooksaremine.Notall______peoplearefirendly,butmost______peoplehavekindhearts.Notall______thepeopleinmyclassaresmart,butmost______thepeopleinmyclassaresmart.All______birdshavewings,butnotall______birdscanfly.（用afew，alittle，few，little填空）A:Areyoufinished?

B:Notyet.Ineed______moreminutes.

=Notyet.Ineed______moretime.Doyouhave______minutes?I’dliketoaskyou______questions.Ineed______moreinformation.Heisverypoorandhehas______clothes.Ilikemusic.Iliketolistento______musicafterdinner.Janeisveryshy.Sheseemstohave______friendsinhernewschool.Ihad______foodthismorning.NowIamhungry.Clint’sgrammarlectureisveryclear.Asaresult,very______studentshavequestionsattheendofclass.Englishisnothard.Only____