被动语态-英语语法

PassiveVoice被动语态

主动语态：主语是谓语的执行者

被动语态：主语是谓语的受者We

hold

ourclassmeetingonceaweek.Ourclassmeeting

isheldonceaweek.Form:主语+be+done（及物动词）sVt.O.S.Vt.用法：1、所要说的重点只在动作和动作的承受者，对于动作的发出者并无兴趣。Thisbuildingwasbuiltabouttwohundredyearsago.2、不知道动作者是谁，或不愿意说出。Iwastoldthatyouspokeillofmebehindmyback.3、动作者为大家所熟知，没必要说出。Anewpubliclibraryisbeingbuilthere.4、无特定的动作发出者。EnglishisspokeninAustralia.5、为了避免更换主语而用被动语态。Thepresidentloveshispeopleandislovedbythem.6、不及物动词无被动语态。happen,takeplace,belongto,spread,breakout,addto,addupto,rise,lie,occur,etc.prove,fit,suit,cost,weigh,resemble,resemble,及物动词无被动语态7、vt.+doubleobject(双宾语)

谓语动词give,hand,show,tell,buy,ask,pass,write,do,offer,pay,answer,sell,send,etcMyfathergavemeawatch.Iwasgivenawatchbymyfather.Awatchwasgivento

mebymyfather.Mymotherboughtmeanewdress.Iwasboughtanewdressbymymother.Anewdresswasboughtformebymymother.8、vt.+o.+o.c.(宾补)TheycallmeXiaoWang.IamcalledXiaoWang.make/let/see/hear/watchsb.dosth.sb.bemade/let/seen/heard/watchedtodosth.Theymademewaithere.Iwasmadetowaithere.Ioftenhearhimsingthatsong.Heisoftenheardtosingthatsong.9、情态动词+bedoneCanyoufinishitintwohours?Canitbefinishedintwohours?Youmaydoitlater.Itmaybedonelater.Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomework!Yourhomeworkshouldhavebeenfinished.10、含短语动词的被动语态，必须保留介词或副词。Thenursestookgoodcareofthepatients.Thepatientsweretakengoodcareof.Sheislaughingatme.Iambeinglaughedat.Youmustpayattentiontotheproblem.Theproblemmustbepaidattentionto.11、有些动词，如need,want,require,bear,beworth+doing表被动含义=~+tobedone。Thebookisworthreading.=Thebookisworthytobeseen.Thewindowsneedcleaning.=Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.Thischairwantsrepairing.=Thischairwantstoberepaired.Thebabyneedtakingcareof.=Thebabyneedtobetakencareof.12、有些及物动词，如clean,lock,open,print,read,sell,wear,write,wash等加上表程度与方式的副词，表示被动含义。ThissortofTVsetsellswellinourshop.Thispenwritessmoothly.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.Thedoorwon’topen.（门打不开）情态动词can,may,will,would后接及物动词可表被动意义Goodleathercanwearforyears.优质皮革能穿数年.13、不定式置于名词后，不定式主动表被动，前面的名词作不定式短语的逻辑宾语。Ihavealotofthingstodo.Thereisnotimetolose.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Hehasalittlebabytotakecareof.14、形容词easy,difficult,hard,light,good,nice,bad,dangerous,fit,comfortable,expensive,dear,cheap后动词不定式主动表被动。Thisboxisheavytocarry.=Itisheavytocarrythisbox.Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.=Itisdifficulttoanswerthequestion.Thewineistoostrongtodrink.Thechairiscomfortabletositin.Theiceishardenou