2019外研社版高中英语必修三Unit 6 Disaster and hope知识清单(学生版)

阅读单词认读tuben.plusadj.hurricanen.landsliden.tsunamin.typhoonn.satelliten.lapn.mosquiton.countyn.重点单词识记n.灾难,灾祸v.预测,预报v.攫取,抓住v.营救,解救v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)n.危机num.十亿adv.什么地方都不,无处adv.否则,要不然n.直升机n.子夜,午夜n.所有物,资产,财产n.庇护,掩蔽核心词汇拓展__________v.(火山)爆发,喷发→__________n.爆发__________adv.即刻,马上→__________adj.立刻的__________v.发生→__________n.发生__________n.通告,公告→__________v.宣告→__________n.广播员;解说员__________adj.可信赖的,可靠的→__________v.依靠__________n.突发事件;紧急情况→__________adj.紧急的→__________vi.浮现;出现__________adv.极其,非常→__________adj.杰出的,卓越的;特别的→__________prep.除……外→__________n.例外__________v.威胁到,危及→__________n.威胁;可能带来威胁的人(事)__________adv.精确地,准确地→__________adj.精确的,准确的__________adj.足够的,充足的→__________adv.足够地,充足地核心短语速记haveyetto和……比起来,与……相比makeitto浏览what’smore考虑flyoff突然;猛地在户外moveon吹走keeponmovetospacegodownthestairsdelicateadj.微妙的;精美的,雅致的delightedadj.高兴的,快乐的deservevt.应受(报答或惩罚);值得dignityn.尊严;高贵dilemman.进退两难的困境diploman.毕业文凭;学位证书directionn.方向;方位directorn.主任;董事;导演Sureenough,goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat’serupting.(v.-ing作主语)果不其然,走下楼梯,来到站台上就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山一样。Lookingthroughmynewspaper,I’mshockedbyphotosshowingthatahurricaneinAsiahasdestroyedatown.(v.-ing作状语)翻阅着手里的报纸,我震惊地看到亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth,perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...(nowthat引导原因状语从句)既然很难避免地球上的灾难,或许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.(whatever引导让步状语从句)但是妈妈说,无论发生什么,我们都应该总是努力看到事情好的一面。Althoughwearesurroundedbyremindersofthedisaster,weareworkingtogethertorebuildourhomesandourlives.(although引导让步状语从句)虽然我们周围的一切都提醒着我们这里曾发生的灾难,但大家都在为重建家园和生活而一同努力着。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。announce,otherwise,exceptionally,rescue,midnightThehurricanewas1.__________strongyesterday,causingsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty.It’s2.__________thatanumberofliveswereclaimedbythedisaster.Peoplewhosurvivedthedisasterhadnowheretogo.Drinkingwaterwashardtogetandtherewasnosufficientfood.Thegovernmentimmediatelytookactionandsenthelicoptersto3.__________thetrappedpeople.4.__________theywouldhavestarvedtodeath.At5.__________,mosquitoscircledtheshelterandbitpeople’slapsprecisely.People’slivesandpropertyarestillunderthreat,becausenooneknowswhetherthehurricanewillstriketheareaagain.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇occurvi.(occurred;occurred;occurring)发生;存在;出现;(想法)产生(occurrencen.发生的事情;出现,发生)sthoccurtosb某人突然想到……;想起……Itoccurstosbthat.../todo...某人突然想到……Anideaoccurred__________methatIcouldadoptthepooranimaltoprovideashelterforher.他突然想到他们可以帮助伯纳德制作和出售爆米花来赚钱。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ,读后续写)theycouldhelpBernardmakeandsellpopcorntomakemoney.用法点拨：occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作谓语时,主语不能是人。表示“某人突然想到……”的其他常用句型：Itstrikessbthat.../Ithitssbthat...announcementn.通知;宣布,宣告(announcevt.宣布,宣告;通知;声称;预示)makeanannouncement下通知;宣布announcesthtosb(＝announcetosbsth)向某人宣布……Itisannouncedthat...据称;据宣布……Theairlineannounced__________themediathattheflighttoTianjinwascanceledbecauseoftheblizzard.据宣布,已派出大批士兵前往地震灾区营救灾民。troopsofsoldiershadbeensenttotheearthquake-strickenareastorescuethevictims.请注意,我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片“GrowingTogether”将于7点半在学校大厅上映。(应用文写作之通知)Attention,please..AnEnglishshortfilm,calledGrowingTogether,willbeshownintheschoolhallat7:30.rescuev.&n.营救;拯救;救援(rescuern.营救人员)rescuesb/sthfromsth从……中营救……go/cometoone’srescue去/来救某人Thelittlegirlwasrescued__________aburningbuildingwhenthedisasteroccurred.Manyparentscouldn’tholdbacktheirtearswhena__________(rescue)carriedateenagegirloutoftheruins.那个23岁女孩的尖叫声引来了一位路人前去营救。The23-year-oldgirl’sscreamsdrewapasser-bywho.threatenv.威胁到,危及;恐吓(threatn.威胁threateningadj.有威胁性的,危险的)threatentodosth威胁要做某事threatensbwithsth用某物威胁某人underthreat受到威胁Davidthreatened__________(report)hisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.Onlyifwelearntoexistinharmonywithnatureandtoourplanet.水是我们最重要的资源之一,但它在全世界都受到威胁。(话题写作之环境保护)Waterisoneofourmostcriticalresources,butaroundtheworld.keepon重复;继续keepdoingsth继续做某事,反复做某事keepsbdoingsth使某人一直做某事keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepinmindthat记住keepawayfrom远离Facedwithdifficulties,heoncefeltlikegivingup,butnowhehasthedeterminationtopushforwardandkeepon__________(go).Somevolunteerswillcometotheirrescuetokeepthechildren__________beingphysicallyandemotionallyabused.Keepaway__________thepool,otherwiseyouwillfallintothewater.首先要记住,你最好准时,或者比约定的时间提前一点到达。(应用文写作之建议信)Firstofall,youhadbetterarrivepunctuallyorsometimeearlierthantheappointedtime.makeitto到达,抵达;赶上makeup编造,杜撰;组成,构成;化妆;补上;凑数;和好;占……makeupfor弥补;补偿makeout辨认;弄清;理解bemadeupof由……组成(构成)makeit获得成功Kateheardaman’svoiceinthebackground,butshecouldn’tmake__________whathewassaying.WhatIwanttotellyouisthatthisclassispreciselymadeup__________20boysand15girls.Robertisaworkerwithmuchexperience,soitwillmakeup__________hislackofacademicknowledge.我甚至还没来得及走到门口表达我的谢意,她就离开了。(读后续写之动作描写)SheleftbeforeIcouldeventooffermythanks.whatever引导让步状语从句ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.但是妈妈说,无论发生什么,我们都应该总是努力看到事情好的一面。whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。在引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。__________iskindenoughandreliablecanjointhisrescueteam.Mybestfriendsalwaystrytohelpmeout,__________Igetintoacrisis.无论我多么忙,每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语,并且告诉他们更多的中国习俗和传统。(话题写作之文化),IwillsparesometimeeverydaytohelptheexchangestudentsfromtheUSAlearnChineseandtellthemmoreChinesecustomsandtraditions.(2021·北京)From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,resultinginUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.2000年至2019年,全球发生重大自然灾害7348起,造成经济损失29,700亿美元。(2021·北京)Thewoman’seyefellontheman’sface,andsheimmediatelylookeddownandadjustedherscarf.女士看了下男子的面孔,然后立即低下头调整了围巾。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.解决这一问题的方式当然就是种树,这样动物们在白天就可以找到庇护处。(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.虽然他承认工程项目可能会因为那些想出或设计它们的人犯了错误而失败,但在这本书中,彼得罗斯基博士拓宽了他的视野,考虑了此类失败发生的更广泛的背景。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemishedproducethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.去年,它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品,回收了超过807500磅的食物,要不然这些农产品会在地里腐烂。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍claimA.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)B.声称，主张C.要求，索取D.获得，赢得Itwasclaimedthatmanypeopleweretrappedinthemountainbecauseofthelandslide.Sheclaimeddamagesfromthecompanyfortheinjuryshehadsuffered.Thehurricaneclaimedmorethan20residents’lives.IntheEnglishspeech,theyoungmanwhoclaimedthefirstprizejumpedwithathrillofjoy.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Whenwearrived,weattemptedtofindaseat,butallthegoodseatshadbeengrabbed.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Thelater__________(erupt)werelessviolentandtherescueteamcameintime.Seizethechance,__________youwillregretitsoonerorlater.(应用文写作之建议信)Now__________youaregrownup,youmuststopthischildishbehaviorimmediately.Whenweareinacrisis,heistheonlyonewhois__________(rely).Allof__________sudden,amanfromthecrowdcameforward,unawareoftheembarrassmentofthemanagerinchargeoftheproject.Theyhaveyet__________(show)thattheycanhelpthelocalresidentsgeteasieraccesstotheInternet.Thenewsthatmorethan80touristswererescued__________thelandslidesiteyesterdayhasbeenconfirmed.Theattackerthreatenedthepeople__________agun,everyoneinthecrowdscared.Theteacherwasholdingabroadumbrella,__________(shelter)thestudentfromtherain.Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthat__________(occur)billionsofyearsago.单句写作——应用文增分练(应对自然灾害——倡议书)既然飓风、台风、海啸等自然灾害随时可能发生,我们应该学会应对它们。(nowthat)翻阅有关自然灾害预防的书籍并准备足够的食物会有很大帮助。(v.-ing作主语;prevention;sufficient)尽管自然灾害不可避免,但快速应急救援是将损失降至最低的唯一途径。(although引导让步状语从句)每当自然灾害发生时,军队总是来保护人民的生命和财产。(whenever;property)保持冷静,相信我们的政府,我们最终将战胜自然灾害。(v.-ing作状语)微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写forecastv.预测rescuev.解救threatenv.威胁grabv.抓人物描写reliableadj.可信赖的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。Ada心情很沉重,她知道她必须立即营救Roy。她把衬衫包在Roy的腿上,并用一根长棍把他的腿伸直。Roy痛得大叫,一把抓住了Ada的手臂。“我知道很痛,”Ada轻声说。“但这会让腿稳定住,直到你被直升机救出。”当他们安全到达医院时,Roy说：“幸亏你在紧急情况下保持了冷静,否则我会受到更严重的伤。你是多么值得信赖的朋友啊！”Withaheavyheart,Adaknewshehadto.ShewrappedtheshirtaroundRoy’slegandstraightenedhislegwithalongstick.Roycriedoutinpainand.“Iknowithurts,”Adasaidsoftly.“Butthiswillholditstillthehelicopter.”Whentheyarrivedatthehospitalsafely,Roysaid,“Luckily,youinanemergency,otherwiseI.!”词形变化填空(每小题2分,共10分)Youcan__________onTomtorescueyou,becauseheisa__________person.(rely)Theincreaseinracialtensionconstitutesa__________tooursociety,whichmay__________manyaspectsofthesociety.(threaten)The____________________theresult,butthe__________mademeshocked.(announce)Thoughafewbriefcommentsare__________forpresentpurposes,myexperienceisnot__________variedtodoso.(sufficient)Thegovernmenttook__________actiontorescuetheinjuredandthenewspapersentsomereporterstocovertheevent__________ithappened.(immediate)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分,共15分)comparedwith,makeitto,lookthrough,w