江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（含解析）

第第页江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（含解析）江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择

1．Weworktogethertoachieveourcommonpurpose:tobuild________worldthatissafer,cleanerandhealthierthan________onewearelivingin.

A．a;theB．the;theC．the;/D．a;/

2．—Manykidsaremadetolearninadvancebytheirparents.

—It’s“Pullingseedlingstohelpthemgrow”andgoes________therulesofchilddevelopment.

A．asB．againstC．withD．over

3．—HaveyoudecidedwhethertotakethefamilytriptoXinghuaCauliflower

—No.Itdependsonthe________we’llcometoattonight’sfamilymeeting.

A．conclusionB．conversationC．communicationD．competition

4．StartofSummeristhefirstsolartermofsummer.Peopleholdtraditionalactivitiessuchaseggcompetitionsandcheckingweightto________theirwishesforgoodhealthandahappylife.

A．explainB．expressC．expectD．excuse

5．—Bobalwaysspendshissparetimesurfingthewebsite“AroundtheWorldinEightHours”.

—It’shisdreamto________atourismcompanytoshowpeopleplacesofinterestaftergraduation.

A．giveupB．pickupC．makeupD．setup

6．—It’simpolite________thewomantodroplitteratthemuseum.

—Shereallyshouldlearn________inpublicsothatshecansetagoodexampletoherchildren.

A．of;whattobehaveB．for;howtobehaveC．of;howtobehaveD．for;whattouse

7．—MustIbringmystudentcardtorenewthesetwobooks

—No,you________,butyou________bringyourlibrarycard.

A．mustn’t;canB．can’t;mustC．don’thaveto;needD．needn’t;must

8．—ShenzhouXVIwassuccessfullysetoutonMay30.________willtheastronautsreturn

—________theirtaskisfinishedinfivemonths.

A．Howlong;UntilB．When;NotuntilC．Howlong;NotuntilD．Howsoon;Until

9．Theideaoftheinformationbelowareorganizedinthewayof________.

TipsforMakingaFruitSaladFirst,chooseyourfavouritefruit.Then,washthefruit.Afterthat,cutsomeofthebiggerfruitintosmallpieces.Finally,mixthemtogetherandaddsomecreamifyoulike.

A．timeorderB．generaltospecificC．specifictogeneralD．spaceorder

10．—Ilostmywalletyesterday.Tomakethingsworse,myIDcardanddrivinglicensewereinit.

—________.WeshouldlearntheimportanceofpreventingriskswithaPlanB．

A．Everydoghasitsday

B．Itneverrainsbutpours

C．Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket

D．Don’tburnthecandleatbothends

二、完形填空

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

MyfriendRichardwentfartowork,soheaskedmetotakecareofthecourtyardinthemountains.Heworkedhardandoftenkeptthecourtyard11withoutanyweed.ButIwassolazy,just12sweptthefallenleaves,thatIneverpluck（拔）grass,allowingittogrowrapidly.Intheearly13,inMarch,theysproutedseveralclustersofbuds（长出几簇嫩芽）,whoseleavesweregreenandsoft.Amonthlater,whentheleaves14richly,Idiscoveredtheywerelikewildorchidsinthewoods.

Asthesummercameandpassed,thegrassreally15.Theyshapedlikethoseforestorchids,16theywereyellow,unlikethoseforestorchids,whoseflowerswerepurpleorbrownred.Ipickedoneflower,thenwenttofindafriendwhostudied17.Onseeingit,myfriendimmediatelyaskedme18Ipickedit.“Yougetrich!”He19explained.“Thisisastrainofrareorchidwhichishardtofind.Nowthisorchidisworthatleast10,000dollarseach.”

ItoldthegoodnewstoRichard.Hewas20.Afterawhile,hesaidgently,theorchidbrokethroughtheeartheveryyearandthoughtitwas21weed,soheoftenuprooteditwhenitjustsprouted.Hecouldn’tstopsighing（叹气）,“Ihave22killedakindofrareflower;ifIcouldwaitforittoflowerwith23,itwouldhavebeendiscoveredafewyearsbefore.”

Yes,whowillnever24somerareorchidsintheirownlivesWealwayspluckthosewildweedsthathaven’tyetbloomedintimeanddon’tgivethemthetimetoflowerandbearfruittoprovetheirvalue.

Giveeachgrassthetimetoflowerandgiveeverybodya25toprovehisvalue.Don’tblindlypulloutabladeofgrassornegate（否定）apersoncurtlyandhowmany“rareorchids”wewillgetinourlives!

11．A．naturalB．cleanC．freshD．bright

12．A．sometimesB．oftenC．neverD．always

13．A．springB．summerC．autumnD．winter

14．A．fellB．roseC．coveredD．spread

15．A．grewB．happenedC．floweredD．returned

16．A．soB．andC．butD．or

17．A．colorsB．mountainsC．seasonsD．plants

18．A．howB．whereC．whyD．when

19．A．proudlyB．successfullyC．carefullyD．excitedly

20．A．worriedB．surprisedC．scaredD．relaxed

21．A．usualB．specialC．popularD．rare

22．A．hardlyB．simplyC．surelyD．nearly

23．A．happinessB．courageC．patienceD．confidence

24．A．missB．findC．treasureD．keep

25．A．viewB．dreamC．questionD．chance

三、阅读单选

Howcanyoudocalculations(计算)quicklyThesedays,youcaneasilyuseacalculator.

ButhowaboutpeopleinancienttimesIntheverybeginning,thecleverestamongthemthoughtofusingstonesandseashells.Then,aroundthe2ndcenturyB．C．,theyinventedtheabacus.Someresearchersconsidertheinventiontobetheworld’soldest“calculator”.InChina,peopleusedabacusestodocalculationsforthousandsofyears.

Theabacusisusuallymadeofwood.Ithasmanybeads(珠子).Eachrod(竿)standsforadifferentdigit(数位).Therightmostisones,thesecondistens,thethirdishundreds,andsoon.Eachbeadinthecentralareahasavalue.

Inthepast,theuseoftheabacuswastaughtinallschools.Itwasconsideredtobeanimportantskillthateverybodyneededtopickup.Wherevertherewasaneedforcalculations,anabacuswouldcomeintosight.

Today,abacusesarenolongerwidelyused.Perhapsyouhaveneverseenone.However,wecanstillfeeltheimportantrolestheyonceplayed.Abacuseshavebecomeasymbol.Becausetheyusedtobeamust-haveforbusinesspeople,somehavecometobelievethatabacusescanhelptheirownersgatherwealth.

26．Accordingtothepassage,whataretheworld’searliest“calculators”

A．Stones.B．Seashells.C．Abacuses.D．Beads.

27．Whichnumberdoesthepictureinthepassagestandfor

A．3781.B．1873.C．1433.D．5423.

28．Bywritingthispassage,theauthormainlywantedto________.

A．introducetheabacustopeople

B．teachpeoplehowtousetheabacus

C．trytomaketheabacuspopularagain

D．explorewhytheabacusisnolongerpopular

I’mBlackBeauty,amalehorse.BeforeIwastakentoMrGordon,mymotherDuchessspoketome,“Allyounghorseshavetoleavemothers.Whateverhappens,trytobegentleandstayawayfrombadbehaviours.”

ThenIcametoMrGordon’shouse.

Inthestable(马厩)nexttominewasalittlefatgreyhorse.

Iputmyheadupandsaid,“Nicetomeetyou!What'syourname”Heseemedunhappy.“I'mMerrylegs.Youaremynewneighbor”

Isaidyes.

“Well,”hereplied,“Ihopeyouarewell-behaved.Idon’tlikeanyonewhobitespeople.”Thenhewenton,“MrGordonshouldbethebestowner!”

Atallbrownfemalehorseshoutedathim,“Nooneknowshowlongagoodhomewilllast!”

Merrylegsloweredhisvoiceandwhispered,“She’sGingerwithabadhabitofbitingpeople.”

Theangryvoicecameagain,“Youdon’tknowanything!______,youwouldbitetoo.”

“PoorGinger!Whatmadehersounhappy”Ithoughttomyself.

ThenextdaywhenIworkedwithGinger,shetoldthewholestory.

“IwastakenawayearlyfromMotherandtherewasnokindmastertolookafterme.Mytrainingstartedwithseveralmenforcingmeagainstawall.Oneheldmynoseandanotherpulledmymouthopentoputabit(马嚼子)in.Theynevergavemeachancetounderstandwhattheywanted.”

“Howcouldthatbe”Isaid.

“Afterthetraining,IwassoldtoamaninLondon,whodrovemewithabearingrein(缰绳).Itisakindofreinthatpullsyourneckallthewayback.Imagineyourneckonfirewithpain”

“Horrible!”Icried.

“Afterthat,agentlemanfoundmeandhethoughtthatitwaswrongforafinehorsetogobadlikethat.SoIwasbroughthere,notlongbeforeyoucame.Weareluckyhere,”Gingersaid.

Ifeltsorryaboutherpainfulexperienceswhichshowedexactlywhyshebitpeople.“Shewasrudetopeoplebutshecouldn’tbethatwayalways.WhatcanIdoforher”Icouldn’tstopthinkingaboutit.

—AdaptedfromBlackBeauty

29．Accordingtothestory,Ginger________hertraining.

A．doubtedB．enjoyedC．hatedD．worriedabout

30．Whichcanbeputin“________”inthestory

A．Ifyouhadnofoodtoeat.B．Ifyouwereafemalehorse.

C．Ifyouwentthroughmylife.D．IfyouhadamasterlikeMrGordon.

31．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage

A．BlackBeautythoughtMrGordonwasthebestmasterhehadevermet.

B．Merrylegshadabadhabitofbitingpeoplebecausehewastrainedrudely.

C．GingerwasalittlefatgreyhorsethatlivedinthestablenexttoBlackBeauty’s.

D．BlackBeautyknewwhyGingerbitandhadpityonheraftershetoldherexperiences.

32．Whatmightthewriterwriteaboutafterthispartofthestory

A．HowGingermetBlackBeauty.B．HowBlackBeautyhelpedGinger.

C．WhereBlackBeautywouldgonext.D．WhenGingerwouldleavethishome.

Didyouknowthatvocabulary(词汇)ismoreimportantthangrammarIfyouhavegoodvocabulary,youcancommunicatesuccessfully,evenifthegrammarisnotcompletelyperfect.

However,onecommonproblemislearningnewwordsandthenforgettingthem.Sowhenyouwanttouseanewwordinaconversation,youcan’trememberitatthatmoment.DoesthisoftenhappentoyouThereasonforthisdifficultyisthatmoststudentstrytolearnvocabularybystudyinglistsanddictionariesandrememberingthewords.Butitmaynotworkifyoudon’thaveaverygoodmemory.

Thebestwaytolearnvocabularyandrememberthewordssuccessfullyistolearnnewwordsandusethematonce.Youcandothiswithaverysimpleexercise.Everytimeyoulearnanewword,forexample,fromanEnglishlessonoranarticle,writeitdowninyourvocabularynotebook.Writingismoreactivethanjustreadingadefinition(释义).Youshouldwritetheword,thedefinitioninEnglishortranslation,oneexamplesentencefromthearticleordictionaryandoneexamplesentencethatyoucreate.

Imagineyoujustlearntheword“generous”,writeinyourvocabularynotebook:generous(adjective),definition—givingorwillingtogivefreely.Exampleone,fromthearticle:Thanksforpayingformydinner,you’reverygenerous.Exampletwo,myexample:Mybrotherisgenerousbecausehevolunteersattheanimalshelter(收容所)onweekends.It’sbestifyourexamplesentencesaretruetoyourlife,becausethiscreatesapersonalconnectionwiththenewword.Thenextday,readyourvocabularynotebookagainandtrytoaddonemoreexamplesentenceusingthenewword.It’shelpfulforyoutorememberit.Thesetwosimplesteps—writingthewordandusingitatonce—helpyourememberandusenewwords.

DoyouhaveavocabularynotebookIfnot,startnow.

33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto

A．Theproblem.B．Thenewword.C．Theconversation.D．Thedictionary.

34．What’sthecorrectorderofthefollowingstepsoftakingvocabularynotes

①Makeyourownexamplesentence.

②Writetheword,itsEnglishdefinitionortranslation.

③Copyanexamplesentencefromthearticleordictionary.

④Readyournotebookagainandaddonemoreexamplesentence.

A．②③①④B．②③④①C．③④②①D．③②①④

35．Howcanwemakethebestexamplesentencesaccordingtothewriter

A．Byaskingforhelpfromfriends.B．Byexplainingwords’definitions.

C．Byconnectingthemwithourlife.D．Byaddingwordsfromthearticle.

36．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage

A．TipsforTranslatingWordsB．AdviceonUsingGrammar

C．AbilitiesofCreatingExamplesD．WaysofLearningNewWords

HaveyoueverwatchedashowaboutthewildAshark(鲨鱼)eatsaseal!Lionsrundownagazelle!IsallnaturelikethatAllabouteatingandbloodOristhatjustwhatkeepsoureyesgluedtotheTVscreenLet’slookatsoniclivingthingswhoworkwitheachotherinsteadofrippingeachotherapart.

Whenalionkillsagazelle,itwantstoeatasmuchasitcanandmaybesharetherestwithitsfamily.Therearesomelivingthingsthatwilltakesmallpiecesofanotherlivingthing’sbody.Parasitismiswhenonelivingthinggetsitsenergyfromanotherlivingthing,doesnotgiveanythingback,andhurtsthethingit’stakingthingsfrom.

Nowlet’sgetalittlenicer.Sometimesalivingthingwillliveoffthebodyofanotherlivingthingwithouthurtingit.Theydonotstealanything.Theydonotmensalismiswhentwolivingthingslivetogetherandonegetsgoodthingsoutofitwhiletheotherisnothurtbyit.Haveyouseenapictureofawhale(鲸)withrockywhitethingsstucktoitsskinThosearebarnacles(藤壶).Theyattachthemselvestothewhale,sonothingwilltrytoeatthemandtheycaneatthingsthatfloatby.

Nowlet’sgetreallynice.Whilesharksarebitingandlionsarefighting,arethereanyanimalsthatjustgetalongYes!Actually,therearemany.Mutualismiswhentwolivingthingsworktogetherandbothgetgoodthingsoutofit.Beesandflowersarethemostcommonexample.Withoutflowers,beescouldnotmakehoney.Withoutbees,flowerscouldnotmakenewseeds.It’swin-winforthesetwo.Therearelotsofanimalsthatgetalong.Birdswillliveonthebacksofzebrasandeattheticksthataredrinkingthezebra’sblood.Thebirdgetsfood.Thezebragetsitstickstakenaway.Insomeofthesecases,oneanimalcouldnotlivewithouttheother.

Weusetheword“Symbiotic(共生的)”forallofthesekindsofrelationships.Sometimesit’sgoodforoneandbadfortheother.Sometimesit’sjustgoodforone.Sometimesit’sevengoodforboth.So,itisnicetoknowthattherearesomelivingthingsouttherethatarefindingwaystolivetogether.WecouldpayattentiontotheanimalsthatdonotalwaysmakeitonTV.

37．ThewritermentionedaTVshowaboutthewildinParagraph1to________.

A．tellastoryB．solveamystery

C．IntroduceasubjectD．discussaprogramme

38．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenbeesandflowers

A．Neighbours.B．Friends.C．Strangers.D．Partners.

39．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthepassage

A．Byshowingpictures.B．Bygivingexamples.

C．Bypresentingreasons.D．Bydrawingconclusions.

40．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage

A．Theworldoflivingthingsremainstobeexplored.

B．Moreactionsshouldbetakentoprotectlivingthings.

C．TVprogrammesaboutlivingthingsrequiretobeimproved.

D．Moremoneywillbespentondocumentariesaboutlivingthings.

四、根据汉语提示填空

41．—Wecanalwaysfindsomethinggoodinabad(情况)ifwelookforit.

—It’ssotrue.Weshouldalwaysmakefulluseofwhatcomes.

42．IntheEasternHanDynasty,（贸易）betweenEuropeandAsiaalongtheSilkRoadbegananditbuiltabridgebetweenChinaandWesterncountries.

五、根据英文解释填空

43．Milliehasmadeuphermindtoworkfor(twoormorecountriestakingpart)charitiessuchasUNICEFandORBIStohelpmaketheworldabetterplaceforeveryone.

44．Thankstotheoldcouplewho（haveenoughmoneytopayfor）herbasiceducation,MandeepenteredUniversityofCopenhagen.

六、根据句意填空

45．BeijingOperaisatraditionalChineseartformwhichhasbeenfamousbothathomeand.

七、多句选词填空

请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。

knowmeanfivecarediscuss

46．Afterseveralwithherfamily,MrGreydecidedtodonatehisbodyformedicalresearchafterhisdeath.

47．Jimrealizedthepowerofandtechnologyaftertakingpartinthisactivity.

48．—Whowouldyouliketorecommendforthisyear’sYoungStarAward

—LiHai.Theboywhotriedhisbestandfinishedencouragesmenottogiveup.

49．ManycollegestudentsfindittovolunteerforeventsliketheSpecialOlympics.

50．—Acarcrashedintoapinetreebytheroadsidetheotherday.Luckily,nobodygothurt.

—Sorrytohearthat.Iguessthedriverwasdriving.

请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。

expectridetranslateexplainsupport

51．Istilldon’trememberhowtobookhotelsonlinethoughTomittomecarefully.

52．—IsWilliamgoingsailingwithusthisafternoon

—HeareportintoFrenchthewholemorning,butI’mnotsureifhe’sfinished.

53．Thee-bikeDadboughtformeonmybirthdaywell.Ilikeitverymuch.

54．—WhoOxfamthiscomingsummerholiday

—Bobis.HeandthetwinswilltakepartinacharitywalkandI’llgivespeeches.

55．—Youlookquiteworried,Jenny.What’sup

—IwentforajobinterviewyesterdayandItheresult.

八、短文首字母填空

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。

Pollutionisoneoftheb56problemsintheworldtoday.Inmanyplaces,rubbishisthrownintolakesandrivers,somanyofthemarepolluted.Insomecities,theairisfilledwithpollution.Aswellaspeople,animalsarealsoharmedbypollution.Weneedtotakeactiontoprotectthee57.

Switzerlandisbeautifulwithhighmountainsandcleanbluelakes.InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperares58intodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.Evenoldclothesandshoescanberecycled.Thegovernmenthasmanylawstoprotectourearth.Forexample,peoplearenota59tocutdowntrees.Otherwise,theywillbepunished.

Rememberthateveryonecandosomethingtomakead60.

RedPacketsinChineseCulture

GivingHongbao（redpackets）isatraditioninChina.TraditionalredpacketsareoftendecoratedwithgoldChinesecharacters（汉字）,suchashappinessandwealth.

Howredpacketsareused

DuringChineseNewYear,moneyisputinsideredpacketswhicharethenh61outtoyoungergenerationsbytheirparents,grandparents,relatives,andevencloseneighboursandfriends.

Thec62

RedrepresentsluckandgoodfortuneinChineseculture.ThatiswhyredpacketsareusedduringChineseNewYearandothercelebrations.

Howtogiveandreceive

Givingandreceivingredpacketsisas63act.Therefore,redpacketsarealwayspresentedandreceivedwithbothhands.

SomeonewhoreceivesaredpacketatChineseNewYearoronhisorherbirthdayshouldnotopenitinfrontofthegiver.H64,thingsaredifferentataChinesewedding（婚礼）,wheretheguestsusuallygivetheredpacketstotheattendantsandsigntheirnamesonalargescroll（longpieceofpaper）.Theattendantswillopenthepackets,andr65itonaregister（登记簿）atoncenexttotheguests’names.

Theamount（数量）

Theamountofmoneyisrelativetoyourrelationship（关系）tothepersonwhoreceivesit—thec66yourrelationshipis,themoremoneyisexpected.Anyway,itisnottheamountofthemoneythatmatters,butthecareandloveyouholdforothers.

Whatnottogift

Certainamountsofmoneyshouldbea67.Anythingwithafourisnotgoodbecausefoursoundss68todeathinChinese.Evennumbers（偶数）arebetterthanoddnumberse69four,asgoodthingsarebelievedtocomeinpairs.Forexample,gifting￥20isbetterthan￥21.Besides,moneyinsidearedpacketshouldalwaysbenew.

Hongbaoisasymbolofgoodl70aswellasasignoflovefromothers.ItisaChinesetraditionalculturewhichwillbepassedonforever.

九、阅读回答问题

阅读与回答问题请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。

ChinahassuccessfullygrownriceatTiangongspacestation

Sincehumanssentthefirstsatellite（卫星）tospaceinthe1950s,scientistshavebeenstudyinganimportanttopic:howtogrowfoodinspaceifhumanswillonedaylivethere.Arecentexperiment（实验）attheTiangongspacestationmakesabigstepforward.

Chineseastronautshavesuccessfullygrownriceseedlings（幼苗）duringtheShenzhouXIVmission.“Thericeseedlingsaregrowingverywell,”saidZhengHuiqiong,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevarietyhavereachedaheightof30centimeters.Theseedlingsofthedwarfricevariety（矮秆水稻品种）havegrownto5centimeters.

Whiletherehavebeenotherriceexperimentsinspace,thisoneisthefirstofitskindtoproducethecompletelifecycleofaplant—itbeginswithaseedandendswithamature（成熟的）plantproducingnewseeds.

Suchfood-growingexperimentsarenotjustforastronauts.TheycanalsosolvefoodproblemsonEarth.Bysendingseedstospace,wecancreatemutated（突变的）seeds,thankstomicrogravity（微重力）,lackofairandcosmicrays（宇宙射线）.Theseedscanthenproducehigheryields（产量）onearth.

Formorethan30years,Chinahasdevelopedover260newtypesofseedsinspace.Theyareplantedeveryyearinfieldsthatcovertensofmillionsofhectares（公顷）.

AccordingtoYaoTong,anengineerfromHainanAerospaceEngineeringBreedingResearchCenter,30percentofstrawberriessoldinBeijingare“spacestrawberries”,and“spacebananas”withagrowthcycleshortenedfrom13monthsto9months.

71．Whenwasthefirstsatellitesenttospace

72．WhatexperimenthavetheChineseastronautssuccessfullydoneatTiangongSpaceStation

73．Whatcausestheseedstomutate

74．HowmanynewkindsofseedshasChinadevelopedinspace

75．Whydopeoplesupportspacefood-growingexperiments（请自拟一句话作答）

十、汉译英：整句

76．自从我们结婚就住在小镇北部。（since…）

77．你弟弟去过成都出差几次（howmanytimes…）

78．当地的医护人员受邀到飞机上来学习眼科手术。(beinvited…)

79．你介意给我展示一下如何开始网上旅行吗？(howto…)

80．对李海来说，最重要的事情不是获得金牌或银牌，而是参与。（not…but…）

十一、话题作文

81．谚语是智慧的结晶，文化的象征。本学期我们学了许多谚语，请从中选择你最喜欢的一句，围绕以下三方面谈谈你的个人理解、成长经历与感悟：

①What’sthemeaningofit

②What’syourownexperienceorstoryaboutit

③What’syourfutureplanafterlearningit

注意：

（1）短文中应包含所要求的信息，可以适当发挥。

（2）词数90词左右,开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

（3）短文中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。

MyFavouriteProverb

Proverbsarevaluabletreasureofwisdomandthesymbolofculture.

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参考答案：

1．A

【详解】句意：我们一起努力来实现我们共同的目的：建设一个比现在我们生活的更安全、干净和健康的世界。

考查冠词。第一空用不定冠词a，泛指“一个”不一样的世界；第二空用定冠词the，特指我们之前的世界。故选A。

2．B

【详解】句意：——许多孩子被父母强迫提前学习。——这是“拔苗助长”，违背了儿童发展的规则。

考查介词辨析。as作为；against反对；with和；over超过。根据“Pullingseedlingstohelpthemgrow”可知拔苗助长是一个贬义成语，goagainst表示“违背”，符合。故选B。

3．A

【详解】句意：——你决定全家去兴化菜花节旅游了吗？——不。这取决于我们在今晚的家庭会议上得出的结论。

考查名词辨析。conclusion结论；conversation谈话；communication交流；competition比赛。根据“HaveyoudecidedwhethertotakethefamilytriptoXinghuaCauliflower”可知是否去兴化菜花节取决于家庭会议的结论。故选A。

4．B

【详解】句意：立夏是夏季的第一个节气。人们举行鸡蛋比赛、检查体重等传统活动，表达对身体健康、幸福生活的祝愿。

考查动词辨析。explain解释；express表达；expect期待；excuse原谅。根据“theirwishesforgoodhealthandahappylife”可知是指表达对身体健康、幸福生活的祝愿。故选B。

5．D

【详解】句意：——鲍勃总是利用业余时间浏览“八小时环游世界”网站。——他的梦想是毕业后成立一家旅游公司，向人们展示名胜古迹。

考查动词短语。giveup放弃；pickup捡起；makeup编造；setup建立。根据“It’shisdreamto…atourismcompany”可知，应该是成立公司，setup符合题意。故选D。

6．C

【详解】句意：——这个女人在博物馆乱扔垃圾是不礼貌的。——她真的应该学会如何在公共场合表现得体，这样她才能给孩子们树立一个好榜样。

考查it的固定句型和疑问词。“Itis+形容词+forsb.+todosth.”意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”，这种结构中的形容词常与事物的特征有关；“Itis+形容词+ofsb.+todosth.”表示“某人做某事怎样”，这种结构中的形容词常与人的性格特点有关。impolite“不礼貌的”，属于形容人的品质，所以第一空用of。根据“Shereallyshouldlearn...inpublic”可知，她应该学会如何在公共场合表现得体，“howtobehave”符合句意。故选C。

7．D

【详解】句意：——续借这两本书必须带学生证吗？——不，你不必，但是你必须带你的借书证。

考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；don’thaveto不必；needn’t不必；can可以；must必须；need需要。以“MustI”开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用No,youdon’thaveto./No,youneedn’t.由此可排除AB；再由but可知不必代学生证，但必须带借书证，第二空用must，排除C。故选D。

8．B

【详解】句意：——神州16号于5月30号成功发射。宇航员什么时候会返回？——直到五个月后他们完成任务（才返回）。

考查特殊疑问句。howlong多长时间；when何时；howsoon多久以后；until直到……为止；not...until直到……才。由return是短暂性的动作可知，用“not...until”结构，即“直到完成任务才返回”，所以A、D选项错误；howlong是对时间段提问，与短暂性动词return矛盾，所以C选项错误。故选B。

9．A

【详解】句意：以下信息是按照时间顺序组织的。水果沙拉的制作技巧：首先，选择你最喜欢的水果。然后，把水果洗干净。之后，把一些大块水果切成小块。最后，把它们混合在一起，如果你喜欢的话，可以加一些奶油。

考查常识。timeorder时间顺序；generaltospecific一般到具体；specifictogeneral具体到一般；spaceorder空间顺序。由“First...Then...Afterthat...Finally...”可知，是按照时间顺序描述的。故选A。

10．C

【详解】句意：——我昨天丢了钱包。更糟糕的是，我的身份证和驾驶证在里面。——不要把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里，我们应该了解用B计划预防风险的重要性。

考查常识俗语。Everydoghasitsday“人人皆有得意时”；Itneverrainsbutpours“祸不单行”；Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket“不要把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里、不要孤注一掷”；Amissisasgoodasmile“差之毫厘，谬以千里”。根据“WeshouldlearntheimportanceofavoidingriskswithaPlanB.”可知我们应该用B计划来预防风险，即不要把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里。故选C。

11．B12．A13．A14．D15．C16．C17．D18．B19．D20．B21．A22．D23．C24．A25．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了的朋友Richard因工作而离开，让照顾山上的庭院。懒散地只扫了落叶，没有拔掉破土而出的草苗，结果发现这些草苗竟然是稀有的兰花。的朋友告诉他这种兰花价值至少一万美元。向Richard分享了好消息，但Richard后悔自己曾经把这些兰花当作杂草拔掉。最后，呼吁给每个人和每一种草花一个机会来证明自己的价值,不要盲目否定他人。

11．句意：他干活很卖力，院子干净，没有杂草。

natural自然的；clean干净的；fresh新鲜的；bright明亮的。根据“withoutanyweed”可知，经常把院子打扫得很干净，故选B。

12．句意：但是我太懒了，偶尔地扫一下落叶我从来没有摘过破土而出的小草。

sometimes有时；often经常；never从不；always总是。根据“Ineverpluckgrass,allowingittogrowrapidly.”可知，偶尔地扫一下落叶，故选A。

13．句意：早春三月，它们长出了几簇芽，叶子又绿又软。

spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据“inMarch”可知，三月份是春天，故选A。

14．句意：一个月后，当叶子长得很茂盛时，我发现它们就像树林里的野生兰花。

fell落下；rose上升；covered覆盖；spread扩散。根据“Idiscoveredtheywerelikewildorchidsinthewoods”可知，叶子长得茂盛，故选D。

15．句意：经过一个夏天，草开了花。

grew生长；happened发生；flowered开花；returned归来。根据下文“Ipickedoneflower”可知，草开了花。故选C。

16．句意：它们的形状像那些森林兰花，但是他们是黄色得，不像那些森林兰花，是紫色或棕红色的。

so所以；and和；but但是；or或者。结合语境可知前后句意是转折关系，故选C。

17．句意：我摘了一朵花，然后去找一个研究植物的朋友。。

colors颜色；mountains大山；seasons季节；plants植物。根据“Ipickedoneflower,thenwenttofindafriendwhostudied...”可知，去找研究植物的朋友。故选D。

18．句意：一看到它，我的朋友立刻问我哪里摘的花。

how如何；where哪里；why为什么；when何时。根据“myfriendimmediatelyaskedme...Ipickedit.”和“Thisisastrainofrareorchidwhichishardtofind.”可知，朋友问我在哪里摘的花。故选B。

19．句意：“你发财了。”他兴奋地解释。

proudly骄傲地；successfully成功地；carefully认真地；excitedly激动地。“Thisisastrainofrareorchidwhichishardtofind”可知，这个朋友很兴奋地解释。故选D。

20．句意：他很惊讶。

worried担心的；surprised惊讶的；scared害怕的；relaxed放松的。根据“Nowthisorchidisworthatleast10,000dollarseach.”可知，当我告诉他这个消息时，他很惊讶，故选B。

21．句意：过了一会儿，他温和地说，兰花每年都破土而出，他以为是普通的杂草，所以他经常在它刚发芽的时候把它连根拔起。

usual普通的；special特殊的；popular受欢迎的；rare稀有的。根据“soheoftenuprooteditwhenitjustsprouted”可知，她像普通的杂草一样，所以才除了它们。故选A。

22．句意：他不禁叹息道：“我几乎杀死了一种罕见的花。”

hardly几乎不；simply简直；surely当然地；nearly几乎。根据“Ihave…killedaofflower.”可知，他几乎杀死了一种罕见的花。故选D。

23．句意：如果我能耐心地等待它开花，它早在几年前就被发现了。

happiness开心；courage勇气；patience耐心；confidence信心。根据“ifIcouldwaitforittoflowerwith...itwouldhavebeendiscoveredafewyearsbefore.”可知，如果“我”能耐心地等待它开花，它早在几年前就被发现了。故选C。

24．句意：是的，谁一辈子都不会错过一些稀有的兰花呢？

miss错过；find发现；trea