英语报刊选读(第一册)参考答案

英语报刊选读JournalisticReading教师用书Teacher’sBook总主编王嘉褆主编林玫刘雁TOC\o"1-2"\h\z\uBOOKONE 2UNIT1Campus 2UNIT2Entertainment 3UNIT3Entertainment 5UNIT4Food 6UNIT5Crime 8UNIT6Disaster 10UNIT7Sports 12UNIT8Art 14UNIT9Economy 16UNIT10Ecology 18UNIT11Health 19UNIT12Automobile&Driving 21UNIT13Qualityproblems 23UNIT14Shopping 25UNIT15Guncontrol 27UNIT16Psychology 29Book3BOOKONEUNIT1CampusVocabularyBuilderDefinitionchaotic:extremelydisorganized;badlyorganized;beinmessprimary:main;mostimportant;key;major;chief;prime;principalseduce:attract;tempthighlight:themostimportant,interesting,orenjoyablepartofsomethingsuchasaholiday,performance,orsportscompetitionreluctant:unwillingcompelling:veryinterestingorexciting,sothatyouhavetopayattentionreveal:show;indicatemainstream:acceptedbyorinvolvingmostpeopleinasociety;normal;ordinarycritical:important;crucialevolution:along,gradualprocessduringwhichsomethingdevelopsandchanges,usuallybecomingmoreadvanced;agradualchangeanddevelopment2.Termstranslationabipartisanconsensushighschooldiplomadrop-outratecollegewagepremiumtheK-12systemmoreacademicallyrigorouswell-roundedcitizenscertificationtestscareerandtechnicaleducation3.Blankfilling1)persevered 2)persisted 3)insisted 4)insisted 5)persevere6)agony 7)adversity 8)torment 9)plight 10)assure/reassure11)insure/ensure 12)insure 13)insure/ensure 14)assured/reassuredTranslation选择圣路易斯的华盛顿大学是个不错的决定，但真正让我享受到理想大学生活的，（不2)Earlyin2009,IgercutadistributiondealwithStevenSpielberg'snewlyrecreatedDreamWorksfilmstudio.BecauseMarvelhasmademoviesofsomeofitsmostprofitablefranchisesforotherstudios,andhaslicenseditspropertieswidelythroughouttheentertainmentworld.No.Thedeal,whichvaluedMarvelat$50ashare,representsa28%premiumtoMarvel'sstockprice,whichclosedonAug.28at$38.65.BNo.The“shift”inPara.2isaverb,meaning“tosell”,whilethe“shift”inPara.3isanoun,meaning“achange”.DCTopayforhishugeshoppingspreesandtheupkeepof“Neverland”,hisranchinCalifornia.ABElvisPresleyismentionedinPara.8tomakeasharpcontrastwithMichaelJackson,suggestingthatJacksoncannotreachthesamelevelinartasPresley.BUNIT3EntertainmentVocabularyBuilderTermstranslation1)egg-layingchickens 2)extendone’slimbs 3)benotsubjecttothenewlaw 4)fulfillone’spromise 5)breed 6)signedapetition7)castvotes 8)deliveralivereport 9)nationalsecuritytakesprecedenceoverwildlifeprotection 10)lightenrestrictions11)standingonone’shead 12)besexuallytransmitted 13)mediablitz 14)theAssociatedPress 15)waittables 16)bedivviedouttonewowners17)furrowedbrow 18)nationalnewsagency 19)ringingproclamation 20)bepreparedforthebacklashBlankfilling1)obsession 2)allergy 3)discreet 4)latent 5)confined6)captivating 7)dwindled 8)undertheguiseof 9)prompt 10)weighedin11)eliminates 12)breedSentenceTranslation而海军方面指出其志愿救生员在附近发现鲸鱼或海豚时，会减少声纳的使用以保护海洋哺乳动物。虽然海军得以继续在南加利福尼亚海岸训练，但环境学家们还是赢得了部分胜利，因为这条规定并未给予海军方面全部自由，他们必须准备一份未来训练对环境影响的报告。然而，人们广泛担忧市民可能会成为猛犬的下一个攻击对象，这种担忧将人类昔日的好友推到了政府工作计划名单上的第一位。那些对肌肉强劲，下颌粗壮的猛犬着迷的人会通过猛犬杂交的方式规避法律，比如马士提夫獒犬和斗牛犬的“狗杂种”就是完全合法的。实际上，英国已经有人这么做了。他指出：“其他（杂种）狗要么是两条狗在郊区草丛繁茂处欢乐一场后的结晶，要么是那些（爱凶猛大）狗的混蛋们故意让狗杂交配种后的产物。丹麦每年约有四万只杂种狗出生，这样大规模地“打狗”是令人担忧的。ComprehensionoftheTextsThisPropositionhasbothadvocatesandopponents.TheopponentsarguedthatthispropositionwillincreasethecostofeggproducersofCaliforniastatesothattheireggswillbelesscompetitiveinpricethanthoseofotherstates.TheadvocatesdisagreebecauseastudyindicatesthatthelittlepriceincreaseinCaliforniaeggswillbeacceptablebythemajorityofCaliforniacustomers.ItmeansthefarmersoutofthestateofCalifornia.No.BecausehisdaughterMaliaisallergictosortofdogs.PresidentObama.Becausethereportpettedthedogwhenitwasnotinagoodmood.Thesonarpulsesdamagethehearingorgansofwhalesanddolphinsandcanalsohindertheirabilitytomate,findfoodandnavigate.Somesonarpulsesappeartohavecausedwhalestostrandthemselvesonshore,withnecropsiesfindingsignsofinternalbleedingneartheirears.No.Becausethevirusislatentinelephantsinthewildaswellasincaptivity.FTheirmaindefenseisbasicallyhangingaround,lookinglikeatwigGroomingservice,i.e.nit-picking.Macaque;simiansTheysetupalivesatellitefeed.Onceintwoweeks.MrMollerclaimsthisistheonlywaytoeliminateaggressivetraitsfromthedoggygenepool.IndignantcommentsaboutNazisandracialcleansinghaveswampedonlineforums.UNIT4FoodVocabularyBuilderDefinitionwreakhavoc:doseriousharmto;causedamageorproblempresume:assume;suppose;tobesureofsth.butwithoutprooforiginate:comefrom;developfromindication:sign;suggestion;hint;proofwadedthrough:readsththatislongordifficulttoread,withoutinterestorenjoymentoutput:quantityofproduction;yieldsembrace:eagerlyacceptexcess:alargeramountofsomethingthanisallowedorneededdissect:tocutupthebodyofadeadanimalorpersoninordertostudyitgrapplewith:totryhardtodealwithorunderstandsomethingdifficultBlankfilling1)exposure 2)retain 3)presumed 4)erupted 5)gross6)yield 7)unfold 8)adaptation 9)definitive 10)advocateSentenceTranslation一些人宣称对很多食物过敏，而他们列出的过敏食物清单之长让人不禁怀疑，这是那些对吃过分挑剔的人在为自己对食物的爱憎找个合理依据。然而，当我旁观这场有机食品防御战慢慢展开，我体会到了一种令人不快的似曾相识之感。如果过去发生的事情预示着现在，那么我们这些一直追踪有机食品论战的人现在就已注定了要在将来苦读成堆的研究资料，研究有机食品和传统食品哪种对健康更有利。当有机农业的捍卫者们开始拿出研究成果试图证明，如一个有机番茄的黄酮类化合物比传统番茄高出97%，那么他们已经陷入了致命的误区。科学背后的数据可能是可靠的，但是这种科学沦落到以数据比较判断质量，这完全是有机运动的创始人们所鄙视的。真正重要的是，有机食品能做到其他食品生产工业所无法做到的：有机工业运作的前提是大自然有一套自己的经济体系，该体系超越了事实和数字，将大自然的地位放在短期利益之上，其运作机制所基于的逻辑原理是无法量化的。ComprehensionoftheTextsPeoplewhoarelactoseintolerantcan'tdigestthemainsugar—lactose—foundinmilk.Innormalhumans,theenzymethatdoesso—lactase—stopsbeingproducedwhenthepersonisbetweentwoandfiveyearsold.Swedenhasoneoftheworld’shigestpercentagesoflactasetolerantpeople.Weshouldn'treallycalllactoseintoleranceadisease,becausethatpresumesit'sabnormal.Instead,theycallit“lactasepersistence”,indicatingwhat'sreallyweirdistheabilitytocontinuetodrinkmilk.ThemutationshowedupfirstinNorthernEurope,wherepeoplegotlessvitaminDfromthesunandthereforedidbetteriftheycouldalsogetthecrucialhormone(it'snotreallyavitaminatall)frommilk.Thetheoryshowsthatthemutationactuallyappearedabout7,500yearsagoindairyfarmerswholivedinaregionbetweenthecentralBalkansandcentralEurope.TheEuropeanmutationisdifferentfromseverallactasepersistencegenesassociatedwithsmallpopulationsofAfricanpeoples.Andtheyfoundthreeothermutations.BecausetheadvocatesthinkthePSAdidn’ttakemanyimportantfactorsintoaccount.Forexample,theimpactofsyntheticfertilizerandinsecticides;andtheconnectionbetweenthelatterandParkinson’sDisease.Thefirstdebateisabouttheyields/outputoftheorganicfood,withadvocatesarguingthatorganiccanfeedtheworldwhiledetractorsinsistitwouldcausemassstarvation.Theseconddebateisaboutthequalityoforganicfood--whetherorganicfoodishealthierthanconventionallyproducedfood.Togroworganicallywas,forthesepioneers,todirectlyopposetheexcessesofindustrialization.Afarm,thesemenandwomenargued,shouldn'tbeafactory.Nature,unlikeanassemblyline,couldnotbedissectedintoascatteringofindividualpiecesandrearrangedtomaximizeproductivity.Itsinputsandoutputswerebeyondthelogicofmeasurement.UNIT5CrimeVocabularyBuilderTermstranslation1)surveillancecamera 2)slidingdownropesfromstoreskylights3)begrantedpermanentresidency 4)criminalrecordsfortheftandfraud 5)agamblingarcade 6)forensicexpert7)detainsomeoneindefinitely 8)lackofconclusiveevidence 9)Paternitytest 10)crimescene 11)servingasentence 12)drugsmuggling13)issueanarrestwarrant 14)statuteoflimitation 15)tapone’sphonelines 16)administrationofjustice 17)forensicscience 18)categoricalproof19)holdunrealisticexpectations 20)televisiondramaseries 21)thedefendant 22)trueculprit23)defencelawyers 24)prosecutors 25)endinginacquittals 26)thetapingshutofenvelopes27)acigarettebutt 28)morallyunimpeachableindividualsBlankfilling1)subtext 2)convicted 3)deadlock 4)deduce 5)upshot6)disciplines 7)demonstrating 8)relevant 9)prospective 10)mitateSynonymfinder1)murder 2)manslaughter 3)homicide4)convict 5)verdict6)sentenced 7)convicted 8)verdictSentenceTranslation这是一个编剧们钟爱的题材：完美犯罪。但在好莱坞犯罪电影中有这样一条法则，即使最高明的阴谋也常常因意外事故而脱轨。而在现实中的德国，一起盗窃案却公然藐视了该法则及该法则背后所负载的道德理念：犯罪没有好结果。比起那些清白之人也会遭遇牢狱之灾的地方，我宁肯住在一个有罪之人因证据不足而可以脱罪之处。尽管他曾因强奸罪而服刑，但陪审团还是无法达成一致的判决，因此法官宣布了无效审判。从积极的一方面来说，陪审员认为科学能够解决犯罪，这种错误理念可以让辩护律师从中获益，因为只要缺乏能够解决犯罪的证据就意味着存在合理怀疑，从而有理由宣判（被告）无罪。从另一方面说，辩护律师会发现自己需要痛苦地向陪审团解释，在犯罪现场发现的指纹、DNA或是其他类型物证和数据库中储存的样本完全对应——这种情况实际上只是电视剧虚构出的种种手段之一。ComprehensionoftheTextsThreemasked,glovedthievesgrabbed€5,000,000($6,800,000)worthofjewelryfromthecasesofKaDeWe.TheDNAofoneofthesuspectswasfoundinadropofsweatonadiscardedlatexglovenexttoaropeladderusedtoreachthegroundfloor.Theauthoritieshadnochoiceasthecourtrulingmadeclear:"Fromtheevidencewehave,wecandeducethatatleastoneofthebrotherstookpartinthecrime,butithasnotbeenpossibletodeterminewhichone.Identicaltwinsshare99.99%oftheirgeneticinformation,andthetinydifferencesareimpossibletoisolateduetotheirnature—theytendtobespontaneousmutationslimitedtocertainorgansortissues."Identifyingthose[differences]wouldamounttodissectingthesuspectsYes.Thereare1)AjuryinarapetrialinHoustonin2005;2)In2004inBoston,anotherrapetrial;3)Earlierin2008,adrugsmugglingNo.Iffreshevidenceemerges,anewarrestwarrantcanbeissuedagainstHassanandAbbasO.anytimewithinthenext10years.“CSIeffect”means“thephenomenoninwhichjurorsholdunrealisticexpectationsofforensicevidenceandinvestigationtechniques,andhaveanincreasedinterestinthedisciplineofforensicscience.”Three.TheyareBernardKnight,MonicaRobbersandEvanDurnal.ThemostobvioussymptomoftheCSIeffectisthatjurorsthinktheyhaveathoroughunderstandingofsciencetheyhaveseenpresentedontelevision,whentheydonot.Becausetheyhadtobesurethatprospectivejurorswerenotjudgingscientificevidencebytelevisionstandards.1)usingbleachtodestroyDNAtracks;2)wearingofglovestoavoidleavingfingerprints;3)usingtapingshutofenvelopes.TheCSIeffectisbornofalongingtobelievethatdesirable,cleverandmorallyunimpeachableindividualsarefightingtoclearthenamesoftheinnocentandputthebadguysbehindbars.UNIT6DisasterVocabularyBuilderTermstranslation1)SwissresortofDavos 2)stridethroughagrainfield3)squatteddowntotalktolocalfarmers 4)globaldownturn5)high-profilepromises 6)battereddirtroads7)drought-reliefcampaign 8)socialistsolidarity9)selflessdevotion 10)waterdiversionprojects11)lowerwater-tables 12)inflatethedeathtoll13)karaokemusic 14)vendingmachine15)firedrills 16)thebasictenetsofcivilization17)lightsflickeroffandon 18)administercpr19)dresswounds 20)getaccesstothedatabaseBlankfilling1)plagued 2)precipitation 3)reckon 4)virtues 5)woes6)toll 7)concede 8)vulnerable 9)odds 10)refining11)mandatory 12)hierarchy 13)intensify 14)stumbled 15)overwhelmedSentenceTranslation中国该地区缺水的现象由来已久，（中国）政府也一直在致力于解决该问题。精心打造的红旗渠纪念馆位于林州附近，据纪念馆的官方介绍，红旗渠在20世纪60年代开始建造，历时十年，几乎全由工人们手工开凿，全长1500公里，并附有462个水库和池塘。但他指出，从长远看工作重心必须转移到节约用水，高效用水，以及合理制定城市水价，使城市用水者也付出该出的那份钱。我们将城市建造在飓风的必经之路，将住宅区设立于地震断层带上，好像大自然会被我们大胆莽撞所威胁，就这样让我们为所欲为了。我们的必需品（如取暖和食物）供给网络距离我们的住所极远。如果断电，大多数人都不知道高层建筑物的楼梯所在；没有沃尔玛超市，我们能否活过一周都是个问题。火警训练，尤其是法律规定的和人们意料之外的那种，能戏剧般帮助人们在最糟糕的情况出现时减轻恐惧。ComprehensionoftheTextsHeappearedtoinspectthedrought-reliefworkthereandtocomfortandencouragethelocalpeople.Thegovernmenthasdeclareda“Level1”emergencyfortheworstdroughtin50years,authorisinganextra300myuan($44m)inspecialdrought-reliefspending.Itwillfinanceeverythingfromcloud-seedingrocketstothediggingofnewwellsandtankerstodeliverwater.Thisyear’swinter-wheatharvestisatrisk.BecausetheglobaldownturnhashitChina’sexportershard,andmillionsofruralmigrantshavelosttheirjobsincoastalfactoriesandreturnedtotheirvillages.Likemanyofherneighbours,FangYue-ling,afarmer,wasconfidentsuchhigh-profilepromiseswouldpresagemoreassistance.APingdongvillagerGuoYongxinsaysheknowsnothingofthegovernment’sdrought-reliefcampaign.Healsosays“Werelyontheheavensforourwaterandweknowitwon’tcometousfromanyplaceelse.”TodemonstratethatthewaterinadequacyissueisanoldconsistingproblemtothecentralpartofChina,andtheChinesegovernmenthasalwaystriedtosolvethisproblem.Ahiddenironicattitude.Becausewhensuppliestighten,urbanandindustrialusersusuallyhavepriority,notthefarmers.Sincethe1950sChinahasbeendiggingeverdeeperwells,andbuildingevermoredams,canals,andwaterdiversionprojects,whichendingupwiththelowerwater-tablesanddepletedaquifers,sothatmanyriverscannolongerreplenishthemselvesinthedryseason.Inthelongtermthefocusmustshifttoconservation,efficiency,andmorerationalpricingsothatcityuserspaytheirfairshare.It’samatterofpreparationandmentalconditioning.Peoplegenerallybecomequietratherthanpanic,shutthemselvesdownandfreeze.Butthemoreencouragingpointisthatthebrainisplastic.Becausetheyarementallyprepared,whichgivesthemapsychologicaladvantagetofacethefire.Inthemiddleofacrisis,thebasictenetsofcivilizationactuallyhold.Bothofthemfeltresponsiblefortheirguestsandtriedtohelpthemoutofthefirescene.Theyfoundthatpeopleatthefirescenewereremarkablyloyaltotheiridentities.UNIT7SportsVocabularyBuilderTermstranslation1)thenationalchampionships 2)offensiveprowess3)agent 4)state-runmedia5)Shanghainative 6)nationalleague7)antiquatedplaybooks 8)domesticairportoperator9)issueobliquecriticisms 10)sportingspectacle11)contrastinghues;clashingcolors 12)women'squadruplescullsrowing13)movabletype 14)approvalofoutsiders15)qualifyingrace 16)karmicforce17)thehostnation 18)results-obsessed19)enduringlegacy Synonymfinder1)merit 2)unfolded 3)notwithstanding 4)languish 5)drafted6)perils 7)turmoil 8)dictates 9)spurred 10)Lest11)pursuit 12)stunted 13)degenerate SentenceTranslation把时间快进到现在，这位七英尺六英寸目前姚明的对鲨鱼队的报价还未公布，他会为他自小效力的母队花费多少还是个未知数。姚明自己就是国营体育机器的产物，而这一机器目前还能在很大程度上左右鲨鱼队运动员的发展方向。尽管如此，姚明还是在过去对中国篮球的阻碍创新，削弱积极性的作风进行过间接批评。在过度训练和全国人民所给予的令人窒息的压力下，一直演出着“独角戏”的中国跨栏跑明星刘翔来到鸟巢开始他的第一场资格赛，然后因脚伤情况过于严重决定退出比赛。这位本该给中国奥运挣脸面的运动员，最后不得不背向人群，跛着脚离开跑道。这个情形和奥运会场上应有的平等、欢庆的气氛格格不入，但却和中国一贯只重结果的原则相符。中国要完成的任务就是首先让人留下深刻印象，从而掌握控制权。ComprehensionoftheTextsBecauseYao’sfootinjurymayendhisprofessionallife.Sohehasnootherchoicebuttotransformfromabasketballplayertoasuccessfulbusinessman.1)AfterYaodepartedfortheU.S.in2002,theSharksalwaysremainbottomplaceatthenationalchampionships.2)TheCBAlostnearly$17millionlastseason,andtheShanghaiclubisamongoneofthemostfinanciallytroubledteamsintheleague.Factor1:poorcoachingandoutdatedstrategy.Factor2:TopCBAplayersjoinNBAforfurtherdevelopment.AShanghaimediagroup,adomesticairportoperatorandastatesportsinstitute.Theauthorholdapessimisticopinion.Because1)Yaowillinputalottoshapethenewteamwhichseemslikeanbottomlesshole.2)EvenifYaobecametheprimaryowneroftheSharks,it’sstilldifficultforhimtorescuetheteambychangingthesateathleticsystem.Chinahadlavished$44billionontransformingthecapitalintoacitywhosetimewasnow.1)Stadiumswerebuilt,2)entiretransportationnetworkslaidout.3)Theareasthatcouldn'tbeprettifiedintimewerehiddenbehindOlympicbillboards.4)Localresidentswererequirednottowearmorethanthreecontrastinghuesatthesametime.Wecansenseanironictoneoftheauthor,especiallywhentheauthortalksaboutthebillboardsthingandthecolorrequirementtolocalpeople.ItrepresentstheholyOlympicflamewillburnandneverbeextinguishedinpeople’shearts.TherewasasenseofanxietyamongtheChineseofhowtheywouldbejudgedbytheworld.Theauthorspeakswithanironictone.Heuses”giveahistorylesson”,“seemtosay”,“didyouknowweChinese…”toimplythattheChinesepeoplearetooobsessedwithitsgloriouspastandtooeargertoshowitofftotheworld.1)Withtheincreasingnumbersofgoldmedalwon,Chinesepeoplearelessconcernedabouttheforeigners’opinion.2)Thestrictregulationonvisastoppedthearrivaloflargenumbersofforeigntourists.3)BeijingresidentsarereluctanttoanswersomesensitiveandnegativequestionsaboutChineseyounggymnasts.4)Foreigncompetitorsdidn’tgetenoughrespect.Theathletes,unusedtobeingdistinguishedfromtheirteammates,appearedtobeflummoxed,unsureofhowtooccupythevastamountofspaceinthecenteroftheBird'sNest.Evenduringthepopinterludes,theathleticparticipantsweresubdued,choosingtostandorsitratherthandance.ThoughLondon’spreviewcan’tcomparewithBeijing’sClosingCeremonyfromthecastperspective,it’ssmallbutalsodelightful.TheauthoranalyzesthepotentialeffectsofBeijingOlympics.Tohim,theeffectofBeijingOlympicsmaybelikethatofJapan’s’68,China’sshowingoffthatChinahasbecomealargeandinfluentialeconomyintheworld.OrtheeffectmaybelikethatofBerlin’s’36,China’sholdingOlympicswillshinealightonherrepressive,closedpoliticalsystem.UNIT8ArtVocabularyBuilderDefinitionhigh-rise:high-risebuildingsaretallbuildingswithmanylevelsboast:ifaplace,object,ororganizationboastssomething,ithassomethingthatisverygoodproficiency:agoodstandardofabilityandskill;levelsupplement:thingaddedtosthelsetoimproveorcompleteitRenaissance:(periodofthe)revivalofartandliteratureinthe14th,15thand16thcenturies,basedonclassicalformslivelihood:thewayyouearnmoneyinordertoliveinspire:encourage;motivateeyesore:somethingthatisveryugly,especiallyabuildingsurroundedbyotherthingsthatarenotuglyelevate:formaltomovesomeoneorsomethingtoamoreimportantlevelorrank,ormakethembetterthanbefore;raisescrub:cleansththoroughlybyrubbinghard,espwithabrushandsoapandwateradmission:permissiongiventosomeonetoenterabuildingorplace,ortobecomeamemberofaschool,clubetc.loath:hate;detestlunacy:madnessSynonymfinder1)booming 2)mighty 3)orchestra 4)amateur 5)cultivating6)proliferating 7)sacrifices 8)prestigious 9)upbeat 10)display11)spark 12)outraged 13)commissioned SentenceTranslation在中国，古典音乐正蓬勃兴起，如柴可夫斯基《1812年序曲》般气势磅礴。势头最强劲的是上海，即中国最早管弦乐队的故乡，其次是北京和其他繁华城市，一些更边远地区也发展得不错。为了建设能和其经济成功相匹配的超现代文化，中国的城市已经建造了由著名建筑师打造的，一千到两千座的豪华剧院。与此同时，经济状况逐步提高的家庭也投资重金帮助孩子提高艺术修养。父母们想象着自己的孩子能一路弹下去，获得和郎朗、李云迪一般的成功。此外，有音乐才能的孩子还能在激烈的考试竞争中获得加分，考取理想的高中或大学。然而,在现代大剧院中欣赏知名古典音乐家的演奏的价格高得令人望而却步；大多数古典乐迷都是在家听CD凑合的。市政府推出正式的“街头艺术政策”目的之一是为了“定义并支持公共艺术”。为了达成这一目的，市政府发誓“只要人们告诉我们哪些壁画或是艺术作品对当地环境起到了积极作用，或是建筑物所有者没有提出反对”，那么这种墙壁涂鸦就不会遭到清理。ComprehensionoftheTextsInChina,classicalmusicisboomingmightily.TheprosperouseconomyinChina.1)forself-improvement;2)pragmaticsreasons:formoney;forbonuspoints;3)toenjoywhattheycouldnot.1)Thepianorequireslessdexterityandphysicaldevelopmentthansomeotherclassicalmusicinstrument.2)Thepianolooksclassierandmoreprestigiousthanotherinstruments.3)Manyfamilieschosethepianosimplybecauseeveryoneelsedid.Heisastreetartistwhohasdonemorethananyothertotransformgraffititoart.Mural.Yes.Because1)ithasattractedmorethan300,000visitorssinceJune.2)QueuesforadmissionwereuptosixhourslongovertheBankHolidayweekend.3)Organizerswereforcedtointroducelate-nightopeningstokeepupwithvisitornumbers.4)Theexhibitionofstreetarthasseenasmanyvisitorsinits16-weekrunasthemuseumnormallyattractsinayear.ThepolicywascreatedafteraBanksywork,showinganakedmanhangingoutofawindowwhilehislover'spartnerlooksforhim,appearedonacouncil-ownedbuildingin2005,sparkingdebateoverwhetheritshouldberemoved.Becausethecitizensmaynotknowhowtotelltheartfromgraffiti,iftheywereaskedtomakethechoice,therandomdecorationwilldestroythecity’sarchitecture.1)It’sagreatlosstodestroythevaluablestreetmural.2)StreetartisaninseparablepartandsymbolofBristol.3)StreetartcanincreasethefinancialincometoBrisstol.4)Measureshavebeentakentopreventgraffitiandillegaltagging.UNIT9EconomyVocabularyBuilderDefinitionimpact:influence;effectmodest:notverygreat,big,orexpensivejittery:nervoussmug:self-satisfied;toopleasedwithorproudofoneself,one'sachievementscurb:control;limitcaution:thequalityofbeingcareful;predencereliant:dependantonentail:involvesubsidy:moneypaid,espbyagovernment,tohelpanindustry,tosupportthearts,tokeeppricesdownbeinvogue:fashionable;popularplummet:tosuddenlyandquicklydecreaseinvalueoramount;plungeinject:toputliquidintosomeone'sbodybyusingaspecialneedletrigger:tomakesomethinghappenveryquickly,especiallyaseriesofevents;spark;apparent:obvious;evidentramification:anadditionalresultunderlying:thecause,ideaetcthatisthemostimportant,althoughitisnoteasilynoticedhalt:stop;topreventsomeoneorsomethingfromcontinuing-usedespeciallyinnewsreportsrevolve:rotate;moveincirclesaroundsomethingprojection:estimateoffuturesituationsortrends,etc.basedonastudyofpresentonestricky:delicateSynonymfinder1)pledged 2)swore 3)vows 4)pension 5)subsidies6)allowance 7)reserve 8)conserve 9)preserve 10)rate11)proportion 12)proportion 13)ratio SentenceTranslation但官员们还在为如何能让中国在粮食上接近自给自足，以及如何让中国免受世界粮价上涨的影响而担忧。中国官员指出，中国的粮食储量与消耗量的比率远远高于17%-18%，这个联合国食品与农业组织规定的全球最低安全粮食储备水平。华尔街的崩溃和随之而来的政府经济干预是真实的，而且会重塑整个美国工业。但此次危机对金融以外的领域会造成何种影响，目前还未明朗。现在正在做自由落体运动的是那些投行和任何与房贷及房贷衍生品相关的投资者，但华尔街的其他生意都很正常——不过这一点从人们目前的恐慌情绪上很难看出来。谣言很容易就散播开来，一点点恐惧在几天之内就可以漫延成熊熊野火。不间断新闻播报起不到止息谣言和恐惧的作用，因为只有具有戏剧性和反映危机的报道才能带来高收视率。ComprehensionoftheTextsA Step1:TheChinesegov.hasstressedtheneedforself-sufficiencyforalongtime.Step2:Earlythisyear,tocontroldemand,itbegancurbinggrainexportsthroughquotasandtaxes.Step3:NowgrainimportersinHongkonghavehadtopledgethattheywillnotre-export.Step4:China'scautionhasevenaffectedtheflowoffoodtoNorthKorea.Measurestakeninruralareastoencourgethegrainproduction.1)SomepeopleinGuangdongprovincehavebeenstockpilinggrain.2)Officialsinsomeareasofexaggeratingthesizeofgrainreservesinordertogetmoresubsidiesforstoringthem.3)Exportcurbswouldencouragesmuggling.3)Theharshwinterinthesouthandspringdroughtinthenorthmightdentoutputgrowththisyear;4)Therisingpricesoffertiliserandotherinputscoulddeterfarmersfromgrowinggrain.Forlocalgovernmentsbuildingonarablelandisoftenamoney-spinner.Central-governmenteffortstocurbthishavenotworked.Becausemanyworldreknownedandinfluencialfinancialcompaniesandorganizationssufferedbankrupcy,acquisition,orenormousstocklossatthisperiod.Centralbanksinjectedhundredsofbillionstopreventtheglobaleconomicsystemfromfreezing.TheMainStreetandtheWallStreetdonotlinktightly.TherehavebeenWallStreetcrisesthatbarelytouchedthebroadereconomy,andtherehavebeenMainStreetdownturnsthathaveonlymarginallyhurtWallStreet.Consumerspendinghasflattenedbutnotcollapsedundertheweightofhighergasandfoodpricesandtightercredit.Itreferstotheexaggerations/hyperboleinparagraphone:“Therehasneverbeenaweeklikethis!""Thereisnoplaybook!""TheworstfinancialcrisissincetheGreatDepression!"FirstlyheillustratesthatthemeltdownoftheWallStreetdoesnotnecessarilyleadtothatofthebroadereconomy.Secondlyhearguesthatexceptforinvestmentbanksandanyoneinvolvedinmortgagesandtheirmanyderivatives,theotherpartsofWallStreetarebusinessasnormal.Thirdlyhefurtherarguesthattheinvestmentbanksandmortage-relatedcompaniesjustsufferedapartialloss,withsomeexcellentassestsremainingvaluable.Fourthly,heholdsthattheAmericangovernment’sactionshowsthatthefinancialcrisisisnotasseriousaspeopleimagine.Fifthly,hepointsoutthatWallStreetisnolongerthecenteroftheglobalfinancialsystem,Chinaandtheoil-producingregionscanprovideacushionfortheglobaleconomicsystem.Finally,hesummarizesthatthedegreeofthecrisisisduetopeople’sfear.UNIT10EcologyVocabularyBuilderDefinitionoffset:compensateforsth;balancesthcertify:formallydeclare(sth.)istrue,espafteratestequivalent:equalinfancy:thetimewhensomethingisjuststartingtobedevelopedauction:methodofsellingthingsinwhicheachitemissoldtothepersonwhooffersthemostmoneyforittimetable:schedulesolitary:singlemegavolcano:verybigvolcanodwindle:tograduallybecomelessandlessorsmallerandsmaller;decline;shrink;reducevulnerable:beeasilyharmedorhurt;defenselessfragment:tobreaksomething,orbebrokenintoalotofsmallseparateparts-usedtoshowdisapprovalvanish:disappearingredient:quality;factorparalyze:losetheabilitytomovepartorallofyourbody,ortofeelitSynonymfinder1)emission 2)onthehorizon 3)burnished 4)reign 5)verified6)beonthecards 7)committo 8)incentive 9)binding 10)fringes11)mortgages 12)vulnerable SentenceTranslation对公司的排放量设限，如果超过就必须购买碳素进行补偿，这种方法似乎行不通。但人们普遍期待，中国会在今年末哥本哈根气候峰会上承诺完成某个不具约束力的目标。这种期待在日益增长。1亿到8千万年前，马达加斯加岛与印度大陆分离，最终停留在非洲东南海岸边。马达加斯加在很多方面都与世隔绝。调查已足够说明：我们可能已经卷入了地球第六次物种大灭绝的浪潮。虽然科学家仅对地球上不到3%的物种的生存能力进行了直接评估，但迄今为止这种对动物种群的抽样当我们污染、砍伐森林