大学英语一级练习题

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大学英语一级

PartIIReadingComprehension

SectionASkimmingandScanning

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.

Forquestions26—32,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions33—35,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

EffectsofTelevision

TelevisionranksasamajorinfluenceonAmericanlife.Itaffectsthewaypeoplespendtheirtimeandwhatandhowtheylearn.TValsoaffectspolitics,theothermedia,andsports.SomeauthoritiesbelieveTVhasagreaterinfluenceonyoungpeoplethanonadults.

Effectsonleisuretime

AtypicaladultspendsmoretimewatchingTVthandoinganythingelseexceptsleepingandworking.Watchingtelevisionranksasthemosttime-consumingleisureactivityamongadults.Ittakestimeawayfromotheractivities,suchasreading,conversation,socialgatherings,andexercise.

Effectsonlearning

Televisioncontributesgreatlytowhathomeviewerslearn.Itbenefitspeoplebywideningtheirexperience.Ontheotherhand,TValsomaycontributetoharmfulimpressionsoftheworld.

Enrichedexperience.Nocommunicationsystemhaseverprovidedsomanypeoplewithaswidearangeofnewexperiencesastelevisionhas.Withoutleavingtheirhomes,TVviewerscanwatchgovernmentofficialsperformimportantfunctions,andseehowpeopleinfar-offlandslookandlive.Televisiontakesviewerstodeserts,jungles,andtheoceanfloor.ATVviewercanseehowafamousactorperformstheroleofHamlet,andhowtopcomediansdrawlaughter.Televisiongivesitsviewersaglimpseofreal-lifetragedy,aswhenitcoversthevictimsofwar,naturaldisasters,andpoverty.Italsocapturesmomentsofgreattriumph,suchaswhenastronautsfirstsetfootonthemoon.However,someauthoritiesquestionhowmuchspecificinformationviewersrememberfromwatchingtelevision.

Harmfulimpressions.Manysocialscientistsbelievethatpeoplearelikelytoformtwonegativeimpressionsfromwatchingalotoftelevision.Oneoftheseimpressionsisthatmanypeoplearebetteroffthantheyare.Theotheristhattheworldisanunfriendlyplace,filledwithuntrustworthypeopleandriskycircumstances.

Televisionprogramsoftenshowpeoplewholeadmoreglamorouslivesandhavemorematerialpossessionsthanmostviewers.Inaddition,TVcommercialsconstantlyurgeviewerstobuyvariousgoods.Manysociologistsbelievethatasaresult,thematerialexpectationsofTVviewersareraised,sometimestoanunrealisticlevel.OneharmfuleffectresultswhenpeoplefailtoachievethesuccesstheyseeonTVandbecomedissatisfiedorbitter.

Theviolence,crime-filledworldshownonTVmaycontributetoanimpressionofanevilworld.StudiesindicatethatpeoplewhowatchagreatdealoftelevisionaremorelikelytoholdfearfulornegativeviewsoftheworldthanthosewhowatchlessTV.However,someresearchersarguethatpeoplewhowatchalotoftelevisionalreadyholdsuchviews.

Effectsonsociety

TelevisionhasbroughtaboutmajorchangesinseveralpartsofAmericansociety,includingpolitics,motionpicturesandradio,andsports.

Politics.Everyelectionyear,thousandsofpoliticalcandidatesusetelevisionintheircampaigns.Theybuycommercialtimetourgevoterstosupportthem.Theyalsoappearindebateswithothercandidatesandanswerinterviewers’questionsabouttheirviews.Televisionplaysitsgreatestroleinpresidentialraces.BeforeTV,presidentialcandidatestriedtomakepersonalappearancesandspeechesinasmanycitiesandstatesaspossible.Today,manycandidatesreachmorevotersthroughasingletelevisionappearancethanthroughallthein-personcampaigningtheydo.

Themostwidelyusedformofpoliticaladvertisingintelevisionisthespotannouncement.Spotannouncementsarepoliticalmessagesthatlast10to90seconds.Newsprogramsoftenteleviseonlyasentenceortwo,calledasoundbite,fromacandidate’sremarks.Thesecontrastsharplywiththelongpoliticalspeechesthataretypicaloftraditionalin-personcampaigning.

Televisiondoesmuchtopromoteinterestinpoliticsandpoliticalissues.ButpoliticaladvertisingonTValsodrawscriticism.Criticssayspotannouncementsaretooshorttoallowcandidatestodiscussissues.Instead,candidatesusethetimetopresentoversimplifiedstatements.Criticsalsoclaimthat,becausetelevisiontimeissoexpensive,TVcampaigninggivesunfairadvantagetothecandidateswiththemostmoney.

Motionpicturesandradio.Fromthe1920’sthroughthe1940’s,filmsandradiowerethechiefformsofentertainmentformillionsofAmericans.Manypeoplewenttothemoviesatleastonceaweek.Theylistenedtocomedies,dramas,andotherentertainmentprogramsontheradioalmosteverynight.TheriseofTVinthe1950’scausedasharpdropinmovieattendance.Eversince,themovieindustryhasfacedeconomicproblemsradioentertainmentchangedcompletelyafterTVbecameapartofAmericanlife.Almosteveryradioentertainmentshowwentofftheair.Recordedmusicbecamethechiefkindofradioprogramming.

Sports.Professionalsportshavelongattractedmillionsofspectatorsyearly.Butmanymoremillionsnowwatchtheeventsontelevision.Televisionnetworksandstationspayteamownershugeamountsofmoneyfortherighttotelevisegames.Thesefunds,inturn,helpownerspaythehugesalariesoftoday’sprofessionalathletes.Televisionalsohelpsincreasethepopularityofsports.Forexample,thepopularityofprofessionalfootballhassoaredlargelybecauseoftelevision.Ontheotherhand,minorleaguebaseballlostmuchofitsaudienceaftertelevisionbroughtmajorleaguegamesintothehome.

Effectsonyoungpeople

Thereislittleagreementabouthowtelevisionaffectsyoungpeople.ParentshavelongbeenconcernedabouttheamountoftimeyoungpeoplespendwatchingTV.Studieshavelinkedwatchingalotoftelevisionwithpoorperformanceinschool.However,thesestudiesdonotprovethatTVviewingactuallycausesstudentstoperformpoorly.Watchingtelevisionmaysimplybeanactivitypreferredbyyoungpeoplewhodopoorlyinschool.Otherstudiessuggestthattelevisedviolenceencouragesaggressivebehavior.

26.Schoolteachersbelievetelevisionhasagreaterinfluenceonyoungpeoplethanonadults.

27.Generally,adultsspendmoretimewatchingTVthandoinganythingelsesuchassleepingandworking.

28.Televisionhasprovidedpeoplewithawiderrangeofnewexperiencesthananyothercommunicationsystem.

29.AnimpressionofanevilworldoftheTVviewersmaybeattributabletotheviolent,crime-filledworldshownonTV.

30.TelevisionhasproducedmajorchangestoAmericaneducation.

31.SomecriticsbelievethattelevisiontimeissoexpensivethatTVcampaigninggivesunfairdisadvantagetothecandidateswiththemostmoney.

32.Peoplehavereachedtheagreementabouthowtelevisionaffectsyoungpeople.

33.____________________isthemostwidelyusedformofpoliticaladvertisingintelevision.

34.BeforetheriseofTVinthe1950’s,thechiefformsofentertainmentformanyAmericanswere____________________.

35.Minorleaguebaseballlost____________________aftertelevisionbroughtleaguegamesintothehome.

Onethingthatmostorganicallygrownfoodproductsseemtohaveincommonisthattheycostmorethanconventionallygrownfoods.Butinmanycasesconsumersaremisleadiftheybelieveorganicfoodcanmaintainhealthandprovidebetternutritionalqualitythanconventionallygrownfoods.Sothereisrealcauseforconcernifconsumers,particularlythosewithlimitedincomes,distrusttheregularfoodsupplyandbuyonlyexpensiveorganicfoodsinstead.

51.Theword“advocate”inLine2,Para.1isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

A)proponents. B)merchants. C)inspectors. D)consumers.

52.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheterm“organicfoods”?

A)Itisacceptedbymostnutritionists. B)Ithasbeenusedonlyinrecentyears.

C)Ithasnofixedmeaning. D)Itisseldomusedbyconsumers.

53.Theauthorimpliesthatthereiscauseforconcernifconsumerswithlimitedincomesbuyorganicfoodsinsteadofconventionallygrownfoodsbecause______.

A)organicfoodscanbemoreexpensivebutareoftennobetterthanconventionallygrownfoods

B)manyorganicfoodsareactuallylessnutritiousthansimilarconventionallygrownfoods

C)conventionallygrownfoodsaremorereadilyavailablethanorganicfoods

D)toomanyfarmerswillstopusingconventionalmethodstogrowfoodcrops

54.Fromthelastparagraph,consumerswhobelievethatorganicfoodsarebetterthanconventionallygrownfoodsareoften______.

A)careless B)mistaken C)thrifty D)wealthy

55.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheclaimsmadebyadvocatesofhealthfoods?

A)Veryenthusiastic. B)Favorable. C)Neutral. D)Doubtful.

PartIIICloze

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

InHollywoodthereisacompanythatpublisheschildren’sbookswiththe56_ofcomputers.Althoughotherbookcompaniesalsopublishthat57,thisparticularcompanyisvery58.It“personalizes”thebooks,59havingthecomputermakethereadertheleading60inthestory.Hereis61theydoit.Letussay62childisnamedJenny.

ShelivesonOakDriveinSt.Louis,hasadognamedSpot,acatnamedTabby,andthreeplaymates63namesareBetsy,Sandy,andJody.Thecomputerusesthisinformationtofill64astorythathas65beenpreparedandillustrated.Thestoryisthen66withstandardequipmentasahardcover67.Achildwhoreceivessuchabookmightsay,“Thisbookis68me.”Thecompany,therefore,69itselfthe“Me~BooksPublishingCompany”.

Childrenliketheme-books70they.liketosee71printtheirownnamesandthenamesoftheir72andtheirpets.Butmoreimportant,“personalization”hasbeenfoundanimportanttoolin73enthusiasmforreading.Me-booksare74helpingachildtolearnhowtoread,byappealing75thatnaturaldesiretoseehisownnameinprint.

56.A)use B)aid C)instruction D)guide

57.A)time B)