2022届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题 附解析

英语练习卷

（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）

考生注意：

1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）

或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写座位号和姓名。

3.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

1・ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Atabookingoffice.B.Atatheatre.

C.Atarailwaystation.D.Atarestaurant.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:George,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyou'vebookedatable.

M:Iguessitisbecausethedishesherearecheapanddelicious.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Boring.B.Annoying.

C.Inspiring.D.Interesting.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Ihaveneverseensuchaninterestingshow.IhopeyouenjoyeditasmuchasIdid.

W:1havetoadmitthatIfeltsleepyduringthetwohours.

Q:Howdidthewomanliketheshow?

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.ATVstation.B.Afootballmatch.

C.Examscores.D.Sportsnews.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Wouldyoustayquiet?IamtryingtowatchthegameoftheChinawomen'snationalfootballteamon

TV.

M:So,what'sgoingon?Whatisthescore?

Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Todosomeexercisesinabook.B.Todonothingbutreadabook.

C.Towriteareviewafterreadingabook.D.Toreviewthingsintheexercisebook.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Dowehaveanyassignmentfortheweekend?

W:Nothingtodointheexercisebook,butthenovelTheKiteRunnerisrecommendedandwehavetowriteabook

review.

Q:Whatarethestudentsassignedtodoattheweekend?

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Becauseheconsidersthemsmelly.

B.Becausetheytroublehisnosealot.

C.Becausehedoesn'tneedpleasantsmells.

D.Becausetheydon?tlookpureorpleasant.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Liliesaremyfavoriteflowers.Theylookpureandsmellpleasant.

M:ButIfeelsickofthem.EverytimeIsmellthem,theykeepmesneezing.

Q:Whydoesthemanfeelsickoflilies?

6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Ashopassistant.B.Atabletdesigner.

C.Abankclerk.D.Agiftdeliverer.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Excuseme.IreceivedthistabletasabirthdaygiftandI'dliketoreturnitsinceI'vealreadyhadone.

W:Sorry,youcanonlyexchangeitfbrsomethingelseofequalvalue.

Q:Whatisprobablythewoman?

7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Thetwosidesofacoin.B.Aseriouseconomicsprofessor.

C.Theeffectsofafinancialcrisis.D.Thedefinitionofafinancialcrisis.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Myeconomicsprofessorsaysthateverycoinhastwosides,includingafinancialcrisis.

M:Youmeanafinancialcrisismaycreatesomeseriousproblemsandbringussomebenefitsaswell?

Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hecaughtabadcold.B.Heplannedtoworkoverseas.

C.HewateredAnne'splants.D.Hetalkedheroutoftheplan.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:IsAnnestillplanningtoworkoverseas?

W:No.Herhusbandthrewcoldwateronherplan.

Q:WhatprobablydidAnne'shusbanddo?

9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Thegirldoesnotneedtogointothesupermarket.

B.Itistimeforthegirltotryeatingsomethingsweet.

C.Thegirloughtnottogoshoppingtogetherwithhim.

D.Itisunsuitableforthegirltokeepeatingsweetfood.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Dad,whenyougotothesupermarket,buymesomemorechocolatesandcandies.

M:Lookatyourteeth!Isn'tittimetokeepawayfromanythingsweet?

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hecannotfindsomanyhistorybooks.

B.Hedoesnothaveenoughtimetoread.

C.Hedoesnothaveaccesstothebooklist.

D.Hewon'tbeabletopasshistoryexams.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:IthinkChinesepoliticalhistoryisenjoyable,butTilnevercompletethereadinglist.

W:Don'tworry.You,llfindtimesomewhere.

Q:Whatisthemanworriedabout?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereach

passageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandthe

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.

A.Withslimmerfigures.B.Moreactive.

C.Inpoorerhealth.D.Lessopen-minded.

12.

A.Guardtheirhouses.B.Relievethestress.

C.Makethemthinner.D.Leadtheway.

13.

A.Exercisemore.B.Stopkeepingpets.

C.Eatless.D.Buildanotheryard.

【答案】ILC12.B13.A

【解析】

【原文】Althoughpastresearchhassuggestedthatpetscanofferpeoplehealthbenefits,anewstudyfrom

NorthernEuropefindsthatpetownerstendtobelessactiveandinpoorerhealththanthosewithoutapet.

However,thatdoesn'tmeanpetsarebadforus,theresearchersnote.Severalstudieshavesuggestedthat

certainpeoplebenefitfromlivingwithadogoracat—apetmayhelplowerbloodpressureandheartrate,for

example,oreasestressandtreatloneliness.

Thenewfindingssuggestthatpetownersasagrouparenothealthier.Usingsurveydatafrommorethan

21,000youngtomiddle-agedadultsinNorthernEurope,researchersfoundthatpetownersweregenerallymore

likelytobeoverweightandtoviewtheirownhealthaspoor.Thiswaslargelybecausepetownerstendedtobe

middle-aged,havelesseducationandmorehealthrisks,explainedDr.Leena,thestudy'sleadauthor.

Anddespitethefactthatdogswalkalot,dogownerstypicallygetlittleexercise.Thisisquitelikelybecause

theywereoftenhome-ownerswhocouldsimplyputthedogintheyard,Leenanoted.Thefactthatpetownerswere

inpoorerhealthdoesnotmeanthatpetsarenotbeneficial.Petowners,accordingtotheresearchers,mayjustneed

tomakemoreofaneffort—suchaswalkingandplayingwiththedoginsteadofshowingitthewaytotheyard.

(Nowlistenagainplease.)

Questions:

11.Basedonthenewstudy,whichbestdescribesthepetownersasawhole?

12.Accordingtothepassage,howcanpetsbenefittheirowners?

13.Whatarepetownersadvisedtodo?

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Thereasonforpeople'sunusualbehavior.

B.Chinesepeople'slovefortheOlympics.

C.ThepopularityofastuffedpandainChina.

D.People'sattentiontoathletes9performance.

15.

A.Peoplepreferredtheathletestothecompetitions.

B.Peoplelineduptobuyalimitededitionofpanda.

C.Peoplewereexcitedaboutwildpandasnationwide.

D.Peoplediscussedquitealotaboutthecompetitions.

16.

A.Becauseofitslimitedstocks.

B.Becauseofpeople'sinterestintheGames.

C.Becauseofitsattractiontochildren.

D.Becauseofpeople'sprideintheirnation.

【答案】14.C15.D16.D

【解析】

【原文】NobodyhadexpectedashortageofstuffedpandaswhenChinawontherighttohostthe2022

WinterOlympics,butafteraweekintotheGames,theChinesepublicshowedgreatinterestinthem.

InthefinaldaysbeforetheBeijingWinterOlympicsbegan,itseemedasiftheChinesepublicbarelynoticed

thecompetitions.EvenstreetswerenotdecoratedwiththefiveringsoftheOlympics.However,soonafterthe

Gamesbegan,websiteswerefullofdiscussionsaboutthecompetitionsandtheathletes,andanunexpectedwild

buyingbehaviorhasemerged.Mostpopularofallwasastuffedanimal—BingDwenDwen,aroundpandaina

suitofice.Themainversionofthestuffedanimalsoldforabout200yuanat162officialstoresnationwide.Long

linesformedeverymorningtobuyitslimitedstocks.Theexcitementaboutthestuffedanimalwasunusual,because

itwasnotevenalimitededition.

JiangChao,a37-year-oldBeijingresident,saidthatthedesignofBingDwenDwenappealedtoadultsaswell

aschildren.€€AmainreasonisChinesepeople'snationalpride,9,hesaid."Weareproudoftheopeningofthe

WinterOlympics.Wearealsoconfidentofourculture.^^

(Nowlistenagainplease)

Questions:

14.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

15.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedduringtheBeijingWinterOlympics?

16.AccordingtoJiangChao,whywasBingDwenDwensowell-received?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.

A.Amishteenagers.B.Anonlineprogram.

C.TripstoLosAngeles.D.Animaginarycommunity.

18.

A.Theydonothavemoderntechnology.B.Theyhaveneverlefttheirhome.

C.Theydonotparkcarsbythemselves.D.Theyhaveneverseentheocean.

19.

A.Themodemworldlikestoteachchildrentofixmachines.

B.TheAmishpeoplehavenocontactwiththemodernworld.

C.ThemodernworlddoesnotwelcometheAmishteenagers.

D.TheAmishpeopletakehorsesasameansoftransportation.

20.

A.Disappointedandsad.B.Upsetbutexcited.

C.Annoyedandunhappy.D.Puzzledbutinterested.

【答案】17.B18.A19.D20.D

【解析】

【原文】M:HaveyouseenthatonlineprogramaboutAmishpeople?

W:No.Why?

M:Oh,it'sreallyamazing.It9saboutthesefiveAmishteenagers.Youknow,theAmishcommunityliveinthe

countrysideofAmerica,andtheydon'thavemodemtechnology.

W:Nomodemtechnology?Don'ttheyhavecomputers?

M:No.Nothing.Theybuildtheirownhouses,andridehorsestogohereandthereintheircommunity.Theydon't

havecars,ormobilephonesoranything.

W:Wow!So,whathappensintheprogram?

M:Well,theprogramtakesfiveAmishteenagerstoliveinabighouseinLosAngeles,withsomeotherteenagers,

whoarenotAmish.

W:So,theLosAngeleskidsteachtheseAmishpeopleaboutthemodemworld?

M:Yes,that'sright.TheAmishhaveneverseentelevisionsbefore,orcomputers,videos,washingmachines...

Nothing.

W:Theyhaveneverseenthem?

M:No.AndtheytaketheseAmishpeopletothebeach.CanyouimaginethattheAmishhaveneverseentheocean

before?Theprogramisreallygood.

W:Yes,itsoundsinteresting.

M:TheyalsogoouttoexperienceVRgamesanddosomeshopping.

W:AnddotheAmishlikewhattheysee?Dotheylikethemodernworld?

M:Well,theyfinditveryconfusing.Buteverythingisveryfascinating,eventhingslikecarparks!Andthegirls

likewearingthenewclothes.

W:Carparks?Dothey...

(Nowlistenagainplease.)

Questions:

17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

18.WhichisthemainfactorthatmakesAmishpeoplespecial?

19.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

20.HowdothefiveAmishteenagersfeelinthemodernworld?

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

OpeningCeremonyShowsDifference

Stillrememberwhatwasdifferenton4thFebruarythisyear?21(put)theOlympictorchinthe

middleofagiantsnowflake-shapedcav/dzw?(大锅),thetwopersonssawitrisetothetopoftheNationalStadium

at2022WinterOlympicsopeningceremony."TheOlympicspiritisnotnecessarilyshownthroughabigflame;the

fireofonetorchcanbeasymbol,“saidZhangYimou,chiefdirectoroftheevent.Thegiant"snowflake“wasmade

from91smaller22,eachwiththenameofaparticipatingcountryorregion.AccordingtoZhang,

23(combine)thesmallersnowflakessymbolizespeople'sjointeffortstobuildacommunitywitha

sharedfutureforhumanityandonlythroughsuchefforts24manovercomethepcmde/ziic(流行病).

The2008ceremonyboastedlarge-scaleperformancesdisplayingtraditionalChineseculture,whilethisyear's

wascenteredaroundnaturalperformancesfromordinarypeople,25ZhangsoughttodeliverChinese

styleinadifferentway.Noneoftheperformersatthisopeningceremonyworeancientclothesaswereseen14

yearsago.76participants26differentcountrieswalkedshouldertoshoulderthroughtheperformance

zoneinaprogramthatgreetedallthepeoplearoundtheworld.Thisspecificareawassetagainstabackgroundof

images27(feature)pastOlympiccompetitionsandtheglobalfightagainstCOVID-19.Thispart

28impressedmostviewersaimedtoshowthatordinaryanddiverseindividualscanreflecttheslogan一

togetherforabrightfuture.

Undertheguidanceof"greenOlympics”,theuseoffireworksthistimewasonly10percentthatofthe2008

Games.Moreover,thecreativeapproach29onlyasingletorchwasplacedinsidethecauldron

highlightedChina'slow-carbonandenvironmentalprotectionefforts.Sofar,thetotalamountofcarbonemitted

30(find)onlyone5,000thofthatatthe2008SummerGames.

［答案］21.Putting##Havingput

22.ones23.combining##tocombine

24.can##will##may##could##would##might

25.because##since##as##for

26.from27.featuring

28.that##which

29.that30.hasbeenfound

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年冬奥会开幕式中奥运火炬的设计及其深刻寓意。

【21题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：在2022年冬奥会开幕式上，两人将奥运火炬放在巨大的雪花状火炬大锅中间，

并亲眼目睹了圣火上升到国家体育场的顶部。分析句子结构，saw为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状

语，thetwopersons和put为主谓关系，需填写现在分词形式，则答案可为Putting。又因非谓语动作put发

生早于谓语saw,所以答案也可以填写Havingput。故答案填Putting或者Havingput。

【22题详解】

考查代词。句意：巨大的“雪花”由91个较小的“雪花”组成，每个“雪花”上都有一个参赛国家或地

区的名字。由句意可知，空处指的是“雪花”，且空处前有数词91修饰，则应该表示复数的“雪花”，

因此使用代词ones代指上文提到的“snowflake”的复数形式。故填。nes。

【23题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：张艺谋表示，将小雪花结合起来，象征着人类携手构建人类命运共同体，只有这

样，人类才能战胜疫情。分析句子结构，谓语动词为symbolizes,为第三人称单数形式，主语为the

smallersnowflakes,空中是主语，可以用动名词或者不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数，则空处填写非谓语

动名词形式combining或者tocombine,故填combing或者tocombine,

【24题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：张艺谋表示，将小雪花结合起来，象征着人类携手构建人类命运共同体，只有这

样，人类才能/会战胜疫情。分析句子结构，and引导的并列句中，only置于句首修饰方式状语through

suchefforts,则句子用部分倒装，即提前助动词或情态动词。由句意可知，空处可填写can或will或may

或could或would或might来补全句意。故答案填写can或will或may或could或would或might。

【25题详解】

考查状语从句。句意：2008年的颁奖典礼亮点在于展示中国传统文化的大型表演，而今年的颁奖典礼则以

普通人的自然表演为中心，因为张艺谋想要尝试用不同的方式展现中国风格。分析句意，空处及之后从逻

辑上是在解释上句的原因，构成因果关系，所以应该填写引导原因状语从句的连词because或since或as或

for。故答案填写because或since或as或for。

【26题详解】

考查介词。句意：来自不同国家的76名选手肩并肩走过表演区，向全世界人民致意。分析句子结构，主

语为"76participantsdifferentcountriesw,其中，“76participants"与wdifferentcountriesw之间的逻

辑关系是：76名选手来自于不同国家。介词from表示“来自于"。故填from。

【27题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这一特定区域的背景是往届奥运会比赛和全球抗击新冠疫情的图片。分析句子结

构，谓语动词为wassetagainst,空处需填写非谓语动词作定语，images和feature之间为主谓关系，则需

填写现在分词。故填featuring。

【28题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：最让观众感到印象深刻的这一部分是为了展示平凡而多元的个体也能体现出“共同

创造美好未来”的奥运口号。分析句子可知，空处为修饰thispart的定语从句，先行词thispart指代物，在

定语从句中作主语，可以填写that或者which在句子中作主语。故答案填写Ihat或which。

【29题详解】

考查同位语从句。句意：此外，这个只在奥运火炬中放置一个火炬的创意方式突出了中国在低碳和环境保

护方面的努力。分析句子结构，主语为thecreativeapproach,谓语为highlighted,由句意可知，"____

onlyasingletorchwasplacedinsidethecauldron"为从句，且从句是对于thecreativeapproach的解释说明，

从句不缺成分，语义完整，说明是同位语从句。引导同位语从句的引导词中，that不承担句子成份，没有

含义，符合题意。故填that。

【30题详解】

考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，碳排放总量仅为2008年夏季奥运会的5000分之一。分析句子，时间

状语sofar标志现在完成时的时态，主语thetotalamountofcarbon表单数，且与find之间为动宾关系，所

以谓语动词要用第三人称的现在完成被动。故填hasbeenfoundo

SectionB

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachword

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.speciesB.informedC.awarenessD.indicate

E.additionalF.figuresG.advancedH.sticking

I.stateJ.relianceK.based

SensorsforHouseplants

OverthepasttwoyearsJasminMoeller,a38-year-oldinGermany,hasbeenbuyingmorehouseplants,making

herfeelmorecomfortable.

Actually,thefactthatpeoplehavespentmuchmoretime31athomehasstartedatrendtobringmore

natureinside.IntheUK,thelatest32showthat2021houseplantsaleswere29%higherthanin2020.Itisa

similarpictureinothercountries,withsalesofhouseplantsintheUSrisingby18%lastyear,forinstance.

Yetitisonethingtobuyahouseplantandquiteanothertosuccessfullylookafterit.Luckily,some33

sensorsforindoorplantsmayhelpthosewithoutprofessionalskillsingardening.Thesedevices,usuallysolar

poweredandconnectedwirelesslytoauser'ssmartphone,shouldbeinsertedintothesoilnexttotheplants.Then,

theyshowinrealtimethe34oftheplants.

AsensormadebyGermanfirmGreensenshasapproximately5000plant35onitsappdatabase.Likea

trafficlightsystem,theappusesred,yellowandgreenfacesto36howplantsaredoing.Forexample,red

revealsthattheplantisdying,whilegreenmeansifsinperfectcondition.Besides,usersareregularly37of

whattheyshoulddowithplants.

AnotherappreleasedbyGermanbusinessFytatellsusershowtheirplantsarebyanalyzingtheuploaded

picturesoftheplants.Italsoincludes38contentotherappsrarelyoffer,suchasculturalhistoryofsome

plants,souserscanlearnmoreabouttheirplants.

However,BotanistSilverSpenceisworriedthat39onthesesensorsmayaffectusers,gardeningskills

negatively.AndDavidAnglovrecommendsthatamateurstrytheirbesttoestablishtheirown40ofwhat

aplantneedsinvarioussituationsthroughcarefulobservation.

BackinGermany,MsMoellersayssheissurethatthesensorsarehelpingherimprovegardeningskills.

【答案】31.H32.F

33.G34.1

35.A36.D

37.B38.E

39.J40.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在英国，最新数据显示，2021年室内植物销售额比2020年高

出29%。其他国家也有类似的情况，例如，去年美国室内植物的销量增长了18%。幸运的是，一些室内

植物的先进传感器可以帮助那些没有专业园艺技能的人。这些设备通常由太阳能供电，并与用户的智能手

机无线连接，应该插入植物旁边的土壤中。然后，它们会实时显示植物的状态。

[31题详解】

考查动词。句意：事实上，人们待在家里的时间越来越多，这已经开始形成一种趋势，把更多的大自然带

进室内。结合后文"athome”以及句意表示“待在家”应用stickathome,上文为短语spendtimedoing

sth.o故填sticking。故选H。

【32题详解】

考查名词。句意：在英国，最新数据显示，2021年室内植物销售额比2020年高出29%。根据后文“show

that2021houseplantsaleswere29%higherthanin2020"以及句意"数据”可知应填复数名词figures。故填

figures,故选F。

【33题详解】

考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，一些室内植物的先进传感器可以帮助那些没有专业园艺技能的人。根据后

文**sensorsforindoorplantsmayhelpthosewithoutprofessionalskillsingardening"以及句意"先进的”可知

应填形容词advanced,作定语。故填advanced«故选G。

【34题详解】

考查名词。句意：然后，它们会实时显示植物的状态。根据后文“oftheplants”以及句意“状态”可知应

填名词state,故填state。故选I。

【35题详解】

考查名词。句意：德国Greensens公司制造的传感器的应用程序数据库中有大约5000种植物。根据上文

aapproximately5000plantw以及句意可知应填名词species,作宾语。故填species。故选A。

【36题详解】

考查动词。句意：就像交通灯系统一样，该应用程序使用红色、黄色和绿色的面孔来显示植物的状况。例

如，红色表明植物正在死亡，而绿色意味着它处于完美状态。根据后文“howplantsaredoing”以及句意

“显示”可知应填动词indicate,此处为不定式。故填indicate。故选D。

【37题详解】

考查动词。句意：此外，用户还经常被告知他们应该如何处理植物。根据后文“ofwhattheyshoulddowith

plants以及句意“告知”可知应填动词infonn,此处为一般现在时的被动语态。故填infonned。故选B。

【38题详解】

考查形容词。句意：它还包括其他应用程序很少提供的额外内容，比如一些植物的文化历史，这样用户就

可以更多地了解他们的植物。根据后文ucontentotherappsrarelyoffer以及句意“额外”可知应填形容词

additional,作定语。故填additional。故选E。

【39题详解】

考查名词。句意：然而，植物学家SilverSpence担心，依赖这些传感器可能会对用户的园艺技能产生负面

影响。根据后文“onthesesensorsmayaffectusers'gardeningskillsnegatively以及句意“依赖”可知应填

名词reliance,作主语。故填reliance。故选J。

【40题详解】

考查名词。句意：大卫•安格洛夫建议业余爱好者通过仔细观察，尽最大努力建立自己的意识，了解植物

在各种情况下需要什么。根据后文"ofwhataplantneeds"以及句意“意识”可知应填名词，作宾语，不

可数。故填awareness。故选C。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

SciencemayneverknowthesecretstomemoriesoftheCaliforniaseahare,afbot-longseasnail.Buta

researchteamclaimtohavemadeprogressin41thesimplestkindofmemoryamollusk（软体动物）might

form,and,withaswiftinjection,managedto42oneseasnail'smemorytoanother.

Thekindsofmemoriesthatstartadefensivereactioninthesnailsareencodednotinthe43between

braincells,butinRNAmolecules（分子）,accordingtoDavidGlanzman,abiologistatUCLA.To44the

idea,GlanzmanimplantedwiresintothetailsofCaliforniaseaharesandgavethemaseriesofelectricshocks.The

proceduremadetheanimalsso45thatwhentheyweretouched,theycontractedpartsoftheirbodies

intensely.Glanzmancomparesthereactiontobeingnervousafteranearthquake:thememoryoftheeventcauses

a（n）46responsetoanyloudnoise.Aftersensitizingtheseasnails,GlanzmantookRNAoutfromthemand

47itintonewseasnailstoseewhatwouldhappen.Hethenfoundthenewonesare48sensitized,

suggestingthe“memory"oftheelectricalshockshadbeentransplanted.AccordingtoGlanzmanandhisresearch

team,theexperimentshowsthat49partsofthememorytraceareheldinRNA,ratherthaninthe

connectivityofbraincells.

However,theworkhasnotyetfoundwidespread50.“Furtherworkneedstobecarriedoutto

determinewhetherthesephenomenaareobviousandwhatisthe51ofsuchphenomena,saidProfVann

atCardiffUniversity."Whileaseasnailisafantasticmodel,wemustbevery52indrawingcomparisons

tohumanmemoryprocesses,whicharemuchmorecomplex.^^

TomasRyanatTrinityCollegeDublin,is53.“Thisworktakesusdownaninterestingroad,butI

havedoubtaboutitandIdon'tthinkthey'vetransplantedamemory,“hesaid."Thisworktellsmethatmaybethe

mostbasicbehavioralresponsesinvolvesomekindofchangeintheanimal.”

54___,Ryanaddedthatsuchcreativethinkingaboutmemorywasingreatneed:4inafieldfullofacceptance

butlacking55,weneedasmanynewideasaspossible.^^

41.A.deletingB.disturbingC.refreshingD.understanding

42.A.transferB.adjustC.compareD.relate

43.A.connectionsB.conflictsC.secretsD.distances

44.A.promoteB.testC.eliminateD.impose

45.A.sensitiveB.adaptableC.strongD.relaxed

46.A.necessaryB.peacefulC.unconsciousD.impossible

47.A.plungedB.investedC.translatedD.injected

48.A.crazilyB.dangerouslyC.scarcelyD.equally

49.A.optionalB.essentialC.memorialD.virtual

50.A.associationB.recognitionC.innovationD.publication

51.A.depthB.applicationC.basisD.description

52.A.imaginativeB.carefulC.ambitiousD.speedy

53.A.supportedB.persuadedC.unappreciatedD.unconvinced

54.A.NeverthelessB.EventuallyC.ForexampleD.Asaresult

55.A.expressionB.likelihoodC.suspicionD.disturbance

【答案】41.D42.A43.A44.B45.A46.C47.D48.D49.B50.B51.

c52.B53.D54.A55.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一个研究小组声称，在理解软体动物可能形成的最简单的记

忆方面取得了进展，并且通过快速注射，成功地将一只海螺的记忆转移到另一只海螺身上。

41题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一个研究小组声称，在理解软体动物可能形成的最简单的记忆方面取得了进

展，并且通过快速注射，成功地将一只海螺的记忆转移到另一只海螺身上。A.deleting删除；B.disturbing

打扰；C.refreshing使恢复精神；D.understanding理解。由上文的“Sciencemayneverknowthesecretsto

memoriesoftheCaliforniaseaharew可知，句子表示“一个研究小组声称，在理解软体动物可能形成的最简

单的记忆方面取得了进展”，故选D。

【42题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一个研究小组声称，在理解软体动物可能形成的最简单的记忆方面取得了进

展，并且通过快速注射，成功地将一只海螺的记忆转移到另一只海螺身上。A.transfer转移；B.adjust调

整；C.compare比较；D.relate使有联系。由“oneseasnail'smemorytoanother”可知,是将一只海螺的记

忆转移到另一只海螺身上，故选A。

【43题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据加州大学洛杉矶分校的生物学家大卫・格兰兹曼的说法，在蜗牛中启动防御

反应的那种记忆不是编码在脑细胞之间的连接中，而是编码在RNA分子中。A.connections连接；B.

conflicts矛盾；C.secrets秘密；D.distances距离。由“betweenbraincells”和第9空后的"partsofthe

memorytraceareheldinRNA,ratherthanintheconnectivityofbraincells”可知，此处是指脑细胞之间的连

接，故选Ao

【44题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了验证这一想法，格兰兹曼将电线植入加州海兔的尾巴，并对它们进行一系

列电击。A.promote促进；B.test测试;C.eliminate消除；D.impose实施。由后文的"Glanzman

implantedwiresintothetailsofCaliforniaseaharesandgavethemaseriesofelectricshocks”可知，为了验证

这一想法，格兰兹曼将电线植入加州海兔的尾巴，并对它们进行一系列电击，故选B。

【45题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程使这些动物非常敏感，当它们被触摸时，它们会强烈地收缩身体的

某些部位。A.sensitive敏感的;B.adaptable能适应的；C.strong强大的;D.relaxed放松的。由后文的

^whentheyweretouched,theycontractedpartsoftheirbodiesintenselyw可知，当它们被触摸时，它们会强

烈地收缩身体的某些部位，说明它们很敏感，故选A。

【46题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格兰兹曼将这种反应比作地震后的紧张：对事件的记忆会导致对任