医学物理实验-山东大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年

医学物理实验_山东大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年日常生活中的表面吸附现象有：Thesurfaceadsorptionphenomenaindailylifeareasfollows:

参考答案:

面粉洗葡萄Washinggrapeswithflour_活性炭过滤水Activatedcarbonfilterwater_水面上的油膜Oilfilmonwater

杨氏弹性模量E仅决定于材料本身的性质，而与外力ΔF，物体的长度L以及截面积S的大小无关，它是表征固体材料性质的一个重要物理量。Young'smodulusofelasticityeisonlydeterminedbythepropertiesofthematerialitself,buthasnothingtodowiththeexternalforceΔF,thelengthLoftheobjectandthecrosssectionproductS.Itisanimportantphysicalquantitytocharacterizethepropertiesofsolidmaterials.

参考答案:

正确

精密度是与“真值”之间的一致程度，是系统误差与随机误差的综合。Precisionisthedegreeofconsistencywith"truevalue",andisthesynthesisofsystematicerrorandrandomerror.

参考答案:

错误

以下说法正确的是：Whichstatementbelowiscorrect

参考答案:

在一定的温度下，它的旋光率与入射光波长的平方成反比，且随波长的减少而迅速增大，这现象称为旋光色散。Atacertaintemperature,itsopticalrotationisinverselyproportionaltothesquareoftheincidentwavelength,andincreasesrapidlywiththedecreaseofthewavelength.Thisphenomenoniscalledopticalrotationdispersion.

用手指蘸NaCl溶液再进行测量是可增加导电性。TheconductivitycanbeincreasedbydippingthefingerinNaClsolution.

参考答案:

正确

科普知识涵盖了科学领域的各个方面，无论是物理、化学、生物各个学科，还是日常生活无不涉及到科普知识。Popularscienceknowledgecoversallaspectsofscience,whetherphysics,chemistry,biology,ordailylife.

参考答案:

正确

以下说法正确的选项是：Thecorrectchoiceisasfollows，

参考答案:

绝对误差一般保留一位有效数字.Theabsoluteerrorgenerallyretainsonesignificantdigit.

使用20分度的游标卡尺时，能够读取的毫米部分的最小单位为0.02mm。Whenusingaverniercaliperwith20divisions,theminimumunitthatcanreadthemillimeterpartis0.02mm.

参考答案:

错误

放大率由物镜和目镜共同所决定大小，而分辨本领仅由物镜决定大小。Themagnificationisdeterminedbytheobjectiveandeyepiecetogether,whiletheresolutionisonlydeterminedbytheobjectivelens.

参考答案:

正确

如果差动放大器增益不理想，可调整其增益旋钮。不过此时要重新调整零位。调好后在实验过程中不得再改变。Ifthegainofdifferentialamplifierisnotideal,thegainknobshouldbeadjusted.However,thezeropositionshouldbereadjustedatthistime,andsuchadjustmentshouldnotbechangedduringtheexperiment.

参考答案:

正确

阿贝式目镜是在目镜和十字刻线间装有一个全反射小三棱镜。光线由十字窗射到小三棱镜上，经全反射后，照亮十字刻线，通过物镜向外射出光线，当光线遇到与之垂直的平面镜反射后再进入望远镜，所成的绿十字像与十字刻线重合。利用阿贝式目镜可以借其自身发出的平行光束进行调准，故称为自准直望远镜。Abbeeyepieceisequippedwithasmalltotalreflectionprismbetweentheeyepieceandthereticle.Thelightisemittedfromthecrosswindowtothesmallprism.Aftertotalreflection,itilluminatesthecrosslineofreticle,andthenradiateslightthroughtheobjectivelens.Whenthelightmeetsthereflectionoftheverticalplanemirror,itentersthetelescope,andtheGreenCrossimageiscoincidentwiththecrossmark.TheAbbeeyepiececanbeadjustedbyitsownparallelbeam,soitiscalledautocollimatingtelescope.

参考答案:

正确

一位同学将两手指分别放入两电极之中，保持静止不动，以防止电压读数波动较大。由另一只手改变毫伏表夹具位置来分别测量待测交流电压，并读数记录数值。Onestudentputtwofingersintothetwoelectrodesrespectivelyandkeptstilltopreventthevoltagereadingfromfluctuatinggreatly.UsetheotherhandtochangethepositionofthemillivoltmeterclamptomeasuretheACvoltagetobemeasured,readandrecordthevalue.

参考答案:

错误

物镜的数值孔径越小，显微镜的分辨本领越高。Thesmallerthenumericalapertureoftheobjective,thehighertheresolutionofthemicroscope.

参考答案:

错误

使用驻波法测波长时，应将示波器时间旋钮打在什么档位？Whenusingstandingwavemethodtomeasurewavelength,whichgearshouldtheoscilloscopetimeknobbeset?

参考答案:

可以清楚显示信号的适当位置Theappropriatepositionofthesignalcanbeclearlydisplayed

以下选项说法正确的是？Whichofthefollowingistrue？

参考答案:

在驻波中，波腹处的声压幅值（气体因声波传播而产生的附加压强）最小，波节处声压幅值最大。Inthestandingwave,theamplitudeofsoundpressureatthewavebelly(theadditionalpressureofgasduetosoundwavepropagation)isthesmallest,andtheamplitudeofsoundpressureatthewavenodeisthelargest.

在同一频率下，响度会随声强级的增大而增大。Atthesamefrequency,loudnessincreaseswiththeincreaseofsoundintensitylevel

参考答案:

正确

显微镜放大率等于物镜线放大率m与目镜角放大率α的和。Themagnificationofthemicroscopeisequaltothesumofthelinearmagnificationmoftheobjectivelensandtheangularmagnificationαoftheeyepiece.

参考答案:

错误

吸液器管把水吸到乳胶管时对结果无影响.Theaspiratortubedoesnotaffecttheresultswhenitsuckswaterintothelatextube.

参考答案:

错误

牛顿流体的黏度与下列哪些因素有关？WhichofthefollowingfactorsaffectstheviscosityofNewtonianfluids？

参考答案:

流体本身性质

Propertiesoffluiditself_温度

temperature

光学系统能分辨开两物点的最短距离称为光学系统的分辨本领。Theshortestdistancethatanopticalsystemcandistinguishtwopointsiscalledtheresolvingpoweroftheopticalsystem.

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错误

焦利氏秤上的弹簧是挂在可以上下移动的有刻度的管子上的，管外面套有外管，外管上有游标，旋转旋钮即可使管上下移动。该游标是十分度的，那么其最小读数值为？ThespringonJolly'sscaleishungonagraduatedtubewhichcanbemovedupanddown.Thetubeiscoveredwithanoutertube,andthereisavernierontheoutertube.Thetubecanbemovedupanddownbyturningtheknob.Thecursoristendegrees,soitsminimumreadingvalueis?

参考答案:

0.1mm

以下说法正确的是：Whichoptioniscorrect

参考答案:

驻波没有振动状态或相位的传播Standingwavesdon'thavethepropagationofvibrationalstateorphase_驻波的波形不随时间变化Thewaveformofstandingwavedoesnotchangewithtime_驻波没有能量的定向传播Standingwavesdon'thave

directionalpropagationofenergy

给定液体的表面上一段分界线的长度时L，其表面张力的大小和方向是？GiventhelengthLofadividinglineonthesurfaceofaliquid,whatisthemagnitudeanddirectionofthesurfacetension?

参考答案:

表面张力与L成正比，力与L垂直且沿液面的切线方向ThesurfacetensionisproportionaltoL,andtheforceisperpendiculartoLandalongthetangentdirectionoftheliquidsurface

影响实验结果准确度的主要因素有哪些？Whatarethemainfactorsthataffecttheaccuracyofexperimentalresults?

参考答案:

肉眼对清晰像的识别程度不同Thenakedeyehasdifferentrecognitiondegreetotheclearimage_透镜位置和光具座刻线不在一个竖直面上Thepositionofthelensandthereticleoftheopticalholderarenotonaverticalplane_读数引起的误差Errorcausedbyreading

利用奥氏黏度计用比较法测定液体黏度系数时，注入标准液和待测液的体积必须相同.Whentheviscositycoefficientofaliquidisdeterminedbycomparisonmethodwithanausteniticviscometer,thevolumeoftheinjectedstandardsolutionandthesolutiontobetestedmustbethesame.

参考答案:

错误

以下说法错误的是：Whichstatementbelowisincorrect

参考答案:

本实验中所用光栅为反射光栅，其中d=a+b。a为透光狭缝宽度，b为反光部分Thegratingusedinthisexperimentisareflectiongrating,whered=a+b.aisthewidthoflighttransmissionslit,bisthereflectivepart

液体的表面张力系数大小，与哪些因素有关？Whichfactorsarerelatedtothesurfacetensioncoefficientofliquid？

参考答案:

温度

Temperature_所含的杂质Impuritiescontained_液体本身的性质

Propertiesofliquiditself

用紫外线(λ=275nm)代替可见光能使分辨本领提高一倍，但眼睛看不见，只能用于拍照。Usingultraviolet(λ=275nm)insteadofvisiblelightcandoubletheresolution,buttheultravioletlightcannotbeenseenandonlybeusedfortakingpictures.

参考答案:

正确

放大率同为800×（倍）的显微镜，若由100×、N·A=1.30的物镜和8×的目镜组合，则不如由20×、N·A=0.95的物镜和40×的目镜组合更能看清样品的细节.Underthesamemagnificationof800×(Times),moredetailsofthesamesamplecanbeobservedbyamicroscopecombinedwiththeobjectivelenswith20×,N·A=0.95andaneyepieceof40×thanamicroscopecombinedwiththeobjectivelensof100×,N·A=1.30andaneyepieceof8×.

参考答案:

错误

从光学系统的最小分辨角可以知道，想提高光学系统的分辨本领，可采取哪种方法：Basedontheminimumresolutionangleoftheopticalsystem,whichmethodcanbeadoptedtoimprovetheresolutionabilityoftheopticalsystem

参考答案:

增大光学仪器的通光口径Increase

theapertureofopticalinstruments_缩小载波的波长Reducethewavelengthofcarrierwave

显微镜用完后，以下操作不对的是：Whichoperationbelowisincorrectafterfinishingtheuseofmicroscope

参考答案:

关闭光圈，盖好防尘罩Closetheapertureandcoverthemicroscopewith

dustcover

想增强照片的反差，以下操作相对最次要的是：Toenhancethecontrastofphotos,whichoperationlistedbelowisrelativelyleastsignificant:

参考答案:

调节亮度调节器Adjustthebrightnessregulator

听阈曲线即为响度级为0昉的等响曲线，痛阈曲线则为响度级为120昉的等响曲线。Audiblethresholdcurveistheequal-loudnesscurvewithloudnesslevelof0Phon，whilepainthresholdcurvehasaloudnesslevelof120Phon.

参考答案:

正确

引起听觉的声音，不仅在频率上有一定范围，而且在声强上也有一定范围。对于任意在人耳听觉范围内的频率（20Hz—2000Hz）来说，声强还必须达到某一数值才能引起人耳听觉。Thesoundwhichcanbeperceivedbyhumanhearinghasacertainrangenotonlyinfrequencybutalsoinsoundintensity.Intherangeofhumanhearing(20Hz-2000Hz),thesoundintensitymustreachacertainvaluebeforeanyfrequencycancausehumanhearing.

参考答案:

错误

以下说法正确的是：Whichoptionbelowiscorrect:

参考答案:

时刻注意耳机连接线导电情况是否正常，不可随意拉扯该连线，避免由于连线接触不良而造成的测量误差Keeppayingattentiontowhethertheconnectionwireoftheearphoneisnormalanddonotpullthewireatwill,inordertoavoidmeasurementerrorcausedbypoorcontactofthewire_重复读数时，被测试者本人不能知晓读数值Whenthereadingwasrepeated,thesubjectscouldnotknowthereadingvalues_调节响度时采用衰减量调节，可将所测得的不同频率下平均衰减量分贝数值（负值）与0dB衰减时耳机在相应频率的声强级相加，即为被试人员在该频率下的听阈所对应的声强级，即听阈值。Whenloudnessisadjusted,attenuationadjustmentisapplied.Theaverageattenuationdecibelvalue(negativevalue)measuredatdifferentfrequenciesandthesoundintensitylevelofearphoneatcorrespondingfrequencyunder0dBattenuationareaddedtogether,

thesoundintensitylevelcorrespondingtothehearingthresholdofthesubjectsatthisfrequencywillbeobtained,namely,thehearingthreshold.

测量尺面读数：松开制动螺杆，转动微分筒C，将待测物件正确放置于E与A之间，然后转动微分筒C，当E与A的端面将要与待测物件接触时，旋转小旋柄B，当听到“咔咔”响时（两端正好与物体接触），记下读数。Measuringscalesurfacereading:loosenthebrakescrew,rotatethedifferentialcylinderC,correctlyplacetheobjecttobemeasuredbetweenEandA,andthenturnthedifferentialcylinderC.whentheendfacesofEandAareabouttocontactwiththeobjecttobemeasured,rotatethesmallrotaryhandleB.whenthe"click"soundisheard(bothendsarejustincontactwiththeobject),recordthereading.

参考答案:

错误

游标卡尺是由主尺与游标两部分组成的。主尺最小分格常为1mm，游标上的分格通常取与主尺的M-1分格相当的长度分为M等分。若主尺上每一分格长度为ymm，游标每一分格长度为xmm,那么y-x=Theverniercaliperiscomposedofthemainrulerandthevernier.Theminimumdivisionofthemainrulerisusually1mm,andthepartitiononthecursorisusuallyequaltothelengthoftheM-1gridofthemainruler,whichisdividedintoM-equaldivisions.Ifthelengthofeachdivisionontherulerisymmandthatofthecursorisxmm,theny-x=

参考答案:

y/M

本实验要测定一定体积的液体流经毛细管时所需要的时间比，关于此时间以下理解最恰当的是：Inthisexperiment,thetimeratioofacertainvolumeofliquidflowingthroughthecapillarytubeisdetermined.Whatisthemostappropriateunderstandingofthistime?

参考答案:

它是一定体积液体流经该毛细管时所用的总时间，可理解为每处相同高度液面处不同液体的各小体积液体流经毛细管的时间总和，各位置压强之比等于其密度之比。Itisthetotaltimetakenforacertainvolumeofliquidtoflowthroughthecapillarytube,whichcanbeunderstoodasthesumofthetimeofeachsmallvolumeofliquidwithdifferentliquidatthesameheight.Theratioofpressureateachpositionisequaltotheratioofitsdensity.

50分度的游标卡尺，其最小读数值为Theminimumreadingvalueofverniercaliperwith50divisionsis

参考答案:

0.02mm

以频率的常用对数为横坐标，声强级为纵坐标，绘出不同频率的声音与10000Hz的标准声音等响时的声强级与频率的关系曲线，得到的曲线称为等响曲线。Takethelogarithmoffrequencyastheabscissaandthesoundintensitylevelastheordinate,anddrawtherelationshipcurvebetweenthefrequencyandthesoundintensitylevelwhenthesoundofdifferentfrequenciesandthestandardsoundof10000Hzareequal-loudness.Suchcurveiscalledtheequal-loudnesscurve.

参考答案:

错误

多人合作时，可每人读一组数据，然后汇总取平均。Whenmanypeoplecooperate,eachpersoncanreadasetofdata,andthensummarizeandaverage.

参考答案:

错误

测量葡萄糖溶液旋光度时，零点校正是指：Whenmeasuringtheopticalrotationofglucosesolution,zerocorrectionrefersto

参考答案:

旋光计测量室放入蒸馏水试管，找出弱照度的均匀视场（零度视场），记下此时刻度盘的左右读数平均值，即零点校正值

Puttubecontained

distilledwater

intothepolarimetermeasuringchamber,findouttheuniformfieldofview(zerodegreefieldofview)withweakillumination,andrecordtheaveragereadingvaluesfromtheleftandrightdialatthistime,thatis,thezerocorrectionvalue

测量时，每人放一根手指在不同电极上，然后进行测量读数即可。Whenmeasuring,eachpersonputsafingerondifferentelectrodes,andthenmakesthemeasurementreading.

参考答案:

错误

光学显微镜大体可以分成三种类型：Opticalmicroscopecanberoughlydividedintothreetypes.

参考答案:

金相显微镜metallurgicalmicroscope_生物显微镜Biomicroscope_工业检测显微镜Industrialinspectionmicroscope

以下哪项操作是错误的？Whichofthefollowingiswrong?

参考答案:

倒出蒸馏水，先用少量无水酒精冲洗奥氏粘度计。再取蒸馏水按步骤2测定其下落过程的时间，同样测量五次。Pouroutthedistilledwaterandrinsetheornithrometerwithasmallamountofanhydrousalcohol.Thentakedistilledwaterandmeasurethefallingtimeofdistilledwateraccordingtostep2,andmeasurethesamefivetimes.

向奥氏黏度计加入液体时，只要不超过上端的M泡即可WhentheliquidisaddedtotheOstwaldviscometer,aslongasitdoesnotexceedtheMbubbleattheupperend.

参考答案:

错误

下列说法正确的是Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?

参考答案:

皮肤的湿度对测量结果有影响Skinhumidityhasaneffectonthemeasurementresults_人的心理状态对测量结果有影响People'spsychologicalstatehasanimpactonthemeasurementresults_身体健康情况会对测量结果有影响Physicalhealthcanaffectthemeasurementresults

在物体材料弹性限度内，应力大小与物体伸长量成正比，其比例系数为弹性模量。Withintheelasticlimitofthematerial,thestressisdirectlyproportionaltotheelongationoftheobject,anditsproportionalcoefficientistheelasticmodulus.

参考答案:

错误

听脉搏音用电子拾音器来完成，判断方法与人工几乎相同。以下说法符合实际情况的是：Thesoundofpulsesignalscanbemonitoredbyelectronicpickup.Thejudgingmethodisalmostthesameastheonebymanualcheck.Whichstatementbelowisaccordantwithpracticalcircumstances：

参考答案:

一致性比较好，不存在不同医生之间产生的差异Theconsistencyofdetectionresultsismuchbetter.Thereisnodifferencebetweenthedetectionresultsmeasuredbydifferentdoctors_易受外界干扰，即外界的其他声音振动等都会影响测量准确度Itisdisturbed

by

environment

easily,i.e,

externalsoundandvibrationwillaffectthemeasurementaccuracy_不同人的脉搏强弱也对测量结果有一定影响Thepulsestrengthofdifferentpeoplealsohasinfluenceonthemeasurementresult

泊肃叶定律指出，粘滞性液体在均匀细管中作稳定流动时，其流量Poiseuille'slawpointsoutthatwhenaviscousliquidflowsstablyinauniformthinpipe,itsflowrateis

参考答案:

与管两端的压强差成正比Itisproportionaltothepressuredifferencebetweenthetwoendsofthetube.

的出现，使生命科学进入到分子水平。Withtheappearanceof,lifesciencehasenteredthemolecularlevel.

参考答案:

X射线衍射技术X-raydiffractiontechnique

已知X=(98.7±0.3)cm，Y=(16.238±0.006)cm，Z=(24.36±0.08)cm，求N=X+Y+ZGiventhatX=(98.7±0.3)cm，Y=(16.238±0.006)cm，Z=(24.36±0.08)cm，FindN=X+Y+Z

参考答案:

N=(139.3±0.4)(cm)

测量时，奥氏黏度计可略微倾斜放置，对结果并无影响。Whenmeasuring,theOstwaldviscometercanbeplacedataslighttilt,whichhasnoeffectontheresults.

参考答案:

错误

以下做法错误的是：Whichoperationisincorrect:

参考答案:

调节响度时采用衰减量调节，所测得的不同频率下平均衰减量分贝数值即为被试人员在该频率下的听阈所对应的声强级，即听阈值Whenloudnessisadjusted,attenuationadjustmentisapplied.Theaverageattenuationdecibelvalue(negativevalue)measuredatdifferentfrequenciesisthesoundintensitylevelcorrespondingtothehearingthresholdofthesubjectsatthisfrequency,namely,thehearingthreshold.

不同温度下，同一液体的黏滞系数不同.Theviscositycoefficientofthesameliquidisdifferentatdifferenttemperatures.

参考答案:

正确

关于眼睛的矫正方法，以下说法不正确的是：Asforthecorrectionofeyes,thefollowingincorrectstatementis

参考答案:

平行光线进入眼睛将成像于视网膜前，则眼睛就成了远视眼。Whenparallellightenterstheeye,itwillbeimagedinfrontoftheretina,andtheeyebecomeshyperopia.

下列说法错误的是？Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?

参考答案:

矫正透镜的焦距越大，屈光度也越大Thelargerthefocallengthofthecorrectivelens,thegreaterthediopter

实验中所用不同透镜的说法错误的是What'swrongaboutthedifferentlensesusedintheexperiment

参考答案:

透镜A模拟的是正常眼，透镜B模拟的是远视眼，透镜C模拟的是近视眼Lensasimulatesnormaleyes,lensBsimulateshyperopia,andlensCsimulatesmyopia

以下说法正确的是：Whatisthecorrectstatementofthefollowingoptions?

参考答案:

实验完成后，应将砝码取下，防止钢丝疲劳。Aftertheexperiment,theweightshouldberemovedtopreventfatigueofsteelwire._砝码开口部位要对称放置，尽可能的减少切向形变，使砝码的重量竖直向下。Theopeningpartoftheweightshouldbeplacedsymmetricallytoreducethetangentialdeformationasmuchaspossible,sothattheweightoftheweightisverticaldownward._观察标尺时不要忽高忽低引起视差，眼睛要正对望远镜。Whenobservingtheruler,donotcauseparallaxbychangingtheheightandheightoftheruler.Theeyesshouldbefacingthetelescope.

在分光计调节的过程中，已调好各部分装置要保持不变。Intheprocessofspectrometeradjustment,allpartsofthedeviceshouldremainunchanged

参考答案:

正确

细调光路共轴中，以下率先调节的是：Inthefineadjustmentofthecoaxiallightpath,whatisthefirstadjustment?

参考答案:

旋转目镜，使望远镜分划板上的十字叉丝清晰Rotatetheeyepiecetomakethecrosswireonthetelescopereticleclear.

下列几种直径、长度均相同的金属丝，受力稍微弯曲，去掉外力后，哪种金属丝的形变接近于弹性形变？Thefollowingkindsofwireswiththesamediameterandlengthareslightlybentundertheforce.Afterremovingtheexternalforce,whichkindofwiredeformationisclosetotheelasticdeformation？

参考答案:

细钢丝Finesteelwire

立方体的长L=(22.455±0.002)mm，高H=(90.35±0.03)mm，宽B=(279.68±0.05)mm，则立方体体积V表示为：IfthelengthofthecubeL=(22.455±0.002)mm,H=(90.35±0.03)mm,andwidthB=(279.68±0.05)mm,thenthevolumeVofthecubeisexpressedasfollows,

参考答案:

(5674±3)×10^2mm^3

以下操作不正确的是Whichoperationbelowisincorrect

参考答案:

以光栅平面为反射面，用自准直法调节光栅平面与望远镜的光轴垂直，此时应分别调节望远镜和平台下的螺丝A、B使得从望远镜中观察到的十字像（由光栅反射回来）与望远镜的十字叉丝重合（注意：此时衍射的零级像也与叉丝的竖线重合），然后固定载物台Takingthegratingplaneasthereflectingsurface,thegratingplaneisadjustedtobeperpendiculartotheopticalaxisofthetelescopebyautocollimationmethod.Atthistime,thescrewsAandBunderthetelescopeandtheplatformshouldbeadjustedrespectivelysothatthecrisscrossimageobservedfromthetelescope(reflectedbythegrating)coincideswiththereticleofthetelescope(Note:atthistime,thezeroorderdiffractionimagealsocoincideswiththeverticallineofthecrosshair).Subsequently,thestageshouldbefixed

以下说法正确的是：Thefollowingistrue:

参考答案:

现代生物学研究的最终目的是以物理学和化学解释生物学.Theultimategoalofmodernbiologicalresearchistoexplainbiologybyphysicsandchemistry._医学物理学是物理学的重要分支学科.Medicalphysicsisanimportantbranchofphysics._没有物理学技术的发展，医学研究的深入几乎是不可能的。Withoutthedevelopmentofphysicaltechnology,itisalmostimpossibleformedicalresearchtogodeep.

以下说法错误的是：Thefollowingstatementiswrong:

参考答案:

算数平均值与真值的误差落在[-σ,σ

]范围内的概率为38.3%。Theprobabilitythattheerrorbetweenarithmeticmeanandtruevaluefallswithintherangeof[-σ,σ

],is38.3%.

物理仿真实验通过计算机把实验设备、教学内容、教师指导和学生的操作有机地融合为一体，通过对实验环境的模拟，加强学生对实验的物理思想和方法、仪器的结构及原理的理解，并加强对仪器功能和使用方法的训练，培养设计思考能力和比较判断能力，实现了培养动手能力，学习实验技能，深化物理知识的目的。Physicalsimulationexperimentorganicallyintegratesexperimentalequipment,teachingcontent,teacher'sguidanceandstudents'operationthroughcomputer.Throughthesimulationofexperimentalenvironment,students'understandingofthephysicalthoughtandmethodofexperiment,thestructureandprincipleofinstrument,thetrainingofinstrumentfunctionandusemethodarestrengthened,andtheabilityofdesignthinkingandcomparativejudgmentiscultivated.Thepurposeoftrainingpracticalability,learningexperimentalskillsanddeepeningphysicalknowledgeisrealized.

参考答案:

正确

螺旋测微器可以精确测量到：Thescrewmicrometercanaccuratelymeasure,

参考答案:

0.01mm

以下说法错误的选项是：Thewrongchoiceis，

参考答案:

螺旋测微计使用完毕后，应使螺旋测微计的螺旋杆A和固定测量钳口E之间接触后固定，防止因螺旋杆移动而损坏其精密度。同理，游标卡尺的测量钳口AA＇也要接触后固定。Afterthescrewmicrometerisused,thescrewrodaofthescrewmicrometerandthefixedmeasuringjaweshallbefixedaftercontactingtopreventtheprecisionofthescrewmicrometerfrombeingdamagedduetothemovementofthescrewrod.Similarly,themeasuringjawAA'ofverniercalipershouldbefixedaftercontacting.

【图片】游标读数为：Thecursorreadingis

参考答案:

21.48mm

下列哪个说法是错误的？Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?

参考答案:

皮肤阻抗的大小主要取决于真皮和皮下组织Thesizeofskinimpedancemainlydependsondermisandsubcutaneoustissue

分光计的游标为30分度，则主尺和游标每小格之差为2'。Ifthevernierofthespectrometeris30degrees,thedifferencebetweenthemainrulerandthevernieris2'.

参考答案:

错误

的显像结果可在分子水平上反映人体是否存在生理或病理变化.Theresultsofimagingcanreflectwhethertherearephysiologicalorpathologicalchangesinhumanbodyatthemolecularlevel.

参考答案:

PET

螺旋测微计的零点读数A0可正可负，当微分筒上的零刻度线在主尺读数基准线之下时A0为负值，反之为正值。ThezeropointreadingA0ofthescrewmicrometercanbepositiveornegative.Whenthezeroscalelineonthedifferentialcylinderisbelowthereadingreferencelineofthemainruler,A0isanegativevalue,otherwiseitisapositivevalue.

参考答案:

错误

两块偏振片的透射轴互相垂直，在它们之间插入两块偏振片，使相邻两片偏振片透射轴都夹30度角。如果入射的自然光强度为A，则通过所有偏振片后光的强度为Ifthetransmissionaxesofthetwopolarizersareperpendiculartoeachother,whentwopolarizersareinsertedbetweenthetwopolarizers,andconsiderthetransmissionaxesofthetwoadjacentpolarizersaresetatanangleof30degrees.IftheintensityoftheincidentnaturallightisA,theintensityoflightafterpassingthroughallpolarizersis

参考答案:

0.21A

关于零点读数，以下说法正确的是：Forzeroreadings,whatisthecorrectstatementofthefollowingoptions?

参考答案:

零点读数的位置可以根据测量情况调整，其位置可以改变Thepositionofzeropointreadingcanbeadjustedaccordingtothemeasurementsituation,anditspositioncanbechanged

当液面在毛细管中低于毛细管外液面时，液体在毛细管中的接触角为？Whentheliquidlevelinthecapillaryislowerthanthatoutsidethecapillary,thecontactangleoftheliquidinthecapillaryis?

参考答案:

钝角Obtuseangle

调节焦利氏称时，三线重合是指哪些线：WhentheJoulescaleisadjusted,whichlinesareoverlappedbythreelines?

参考答案:

细金属杆上镜子的标线Markinglinesformirrorsonthinmetalrods_玻璃管上的标线在镜中的像Theimageofthemarkontheglasstubeinthemirror_玻璃管上的标线

Themarkinglineonglasstube

测量过程中，铁支架可适当移动以方便读数Duringthemeasurement,theironbracketcanbemovedproperlytofacilitatereading

参考答案:

错误

金属框下端全没入水中，即使金属框略倾斜也不会影响表面张力的大小。Thelowerendofthemetalframeiscompletelysubmergedinthewater,evenifthemetalframeisslightlyinclined,Thesizeofsurfacetensionwillnotbeaffected.

参考答案:

错误

使用相位法测波长时，应将示波器时间旋钮打在什么档位？Whenusingphasemethodtomeasurewavelength,whichgearshouldtheoscilloscopetimeknobset?

参考答案:

X-Y档X-Ygear

下列说法错误的是Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?

参考答案:

人体不同部位的皮肤阻抗差别不大Theskinimpedanceofdifferentpartsofhumanbodyhaslittledifference

关于焦度的说法，以下不正确的是：Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthepoweroffocus？

参考答案:

焦度是指聚焦的程度，焦距越大，焦度也越大。Thefocusreferstothedegreeoffocus.Thegreaterthefocallength,thegreaterthepower.

以下物质可能具有旋光性的是Whichsubstancesbelowmayhavethepropertyofopticalrotation

参考答案:

酒石酸tartaricacid_乳酸lacticacid_樟脑camphor

关于调节分光计平行光管，以下说法错误的是：Asfortheadjustmentofthecollimatorofspectrometer,whichoperationbelowisincorrect

参考答案:

调节平行光管的水平调节螺丝，使望远镜中狭缝的像正好位于十字刻线的竖直刻线上，且被上下等分，再将狭缝转成水平刻线上，且被左右等分，这时平行光管的光轴平行于望远镜的光轴，也垂直于分光计的转轴，同时与望远镜等高、共轴Adjustthehorizontaladjustingscrewofthecollimatorsothattheimageoftheslitinthetelescopeisjustontheverticalscribelineofthecrosscutline,andisbisectedupanddown.Then,theslitisturnedintoahorizontalscribelineandbisectedleftandright.Atthistime,theopticalaxisofthecollimatorisparalleltotheopticalaxisofthetelescope,andisperpendiculartotherotationaxisofthespectrometer,andisatthesameheightandcoaxialwiththetelescope

ln15.6的结果取为3.75Theresultofln15.6is3.75

参考答案:

错误

在单缝夫琅禾费衍射实验中，若增大入射光波长，其他条件不变，则中央明条纹:InthesingleslitFraunhoferdiffractionexperiment,ifthewavelengthofincidentlightisincreasedandotherconditionsremainunchanged,thecentralbrightstripewill

参考答案:

宽度变大inreasethewidth

以下哪项操作是正确的？Whichofthefollowingiscorrect?

参考答案:

所有器材均为易碎品，操作时要小心。Alltheequipmentarefragileandshouldbehandledwithcare._用吸耳球吸液体时，不可将液体吸入橡皮管中。Whensuckingliquidwithsuctionball,donotinhaleliquidintorubbertube.

利用生物组织与器官的电特性及其变化规律来提取与人体生理、病理状况相关的生物医学信息的检测技术称为生物电阻抗测量。Bioelectricalimpedancemeasurementisadetectiontechnologythatcanextractbiomedicalinformationrelatedtophysiologicalandpathologicalconditionsofhumanbodybyusingtheelectricalcharacteristicsandchangerulesofbiologicaltissuesandorgans.

参考答案:

正确

采用扩散硅芯片作为敏感元件的传感器称为扩散硅型压力传感器，以测量压力和速度的气态压阻式传感器的应用最为普遍。Thesensorusingdiffusedsiliconchipassensingelementiscalleddiffusedsiliconpressuresensor,ofwhichthemostcommonapplicationisusedformeasuringpressureandvelocitybygaspiezoresistivesensor.

参考答案:

错误

波长为λ的单色光垂直光栅面入射时，测得第3级谱线的衍射角θ=30°，并发现第4级缺级，则光栅常数d为：Whenthemonochromaticlightwithwavelengthλisincidentperpendiculartothegratingsurface,thediffractionangleofthethirdorderspectrallineismeasuredasθ=30°andthefourthorderspectrallineismissing,thenthegratingconstantdis

参考答案:

6λ

光栅是精密的光学元件，不允许用手或其它物体触及光栅表面.Thegratingisapreciseopticalelement.Itisnotallowedtotouchthegratingsurfacewithhandsorotherobjects

参考答案:

正确

切勿用手触及分光计各光学器件的表面Donottouchthesurfaceofopticalcomponentsofspectrometerbyhand

参考答案:

正确

关于眼睛的说法错误的是Thewrongthingabouteyesis

参考答案:

近视眼会使远处物体的成像在视网膜前，需用凸透镜矫正.Myopiacanmaketheimagingofdistantobjectsinfrontoftheretina,whichneedsconvexlenscorrection.

固体物质受到外力拉伸时，产生应变，外力必对固体做功，其结果是：Whenasolidmaterialisstretchedbyanexternalforce,itwillproducestrain,andtheexternalforcemustdoworkonthesolid.Theresultisasfollows,

参考答案:

做功变为固体势能的增加Workbecomesanincreaseinthepotentialenergyofasolid

将光杠杆放在一张纸上，压出三个足迹后，用螺旋测微器测量后足至前足连线的垂直距离b，重复三次。Placethelightleveronapieceofpaper,pressoutthreefootprints,andmeasuretheverticaldistancebfromthehindfoottothefrontfootwithascrewmicrometer,andrepeatthreetimes.

参考答案:

错误

目测调节光杠杆的过程中，以下说法正确的是：Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueintheprocessofvisuallyadjustingthelightlever?

参考答案:

使望远镜与光杠杆等高Makethetelescopelevelwiththelightlever

气袖中的压力继续缓缓下降，血管音消失时水银压力计显示出的压力值就是Thepressureinaircelldropsslowly，whenthesoundofbloodpulsedisappears,thepressurevaluedisplayedbymercurymanometeris

参考答案:

舒张压Diastolicpressure

以下实验过程，说法错误的是Asfortheexperimentalprocedurebelow，whichstatementisincorrect

参考答案:

电压表表切换开关置于10V，差放增益适中Whenthevoltmeterswitchissetat10V,thedifferentialamplifiergainismoderate

柯氏音法的优点是测量简单，但也有缺点，就是不同的人可能测出不同的结果，有时差别较大。主要原因是：Auscultatorymethodhastheadvantageinsimplemeasurement,butitalsohasdisadvantage,thatis,differentpersonmayobtaindifferentresultswhichsometimeshasgreatdifference.Themainreasonsareasfollows:

参考答案:

放气的快慢对读数有直接影响，国际标准放气速度为每秒3~5mmHg。但有的医生往往放气较快，影响测量的准确度。Thespeedofoutgassinghasadirectinfluenceonthereading.Theinternationalstandarddeflationrateis3~5mmHgpersecond.Butsomedoctorsoftenusearapiddeflationrate,whichaffectstheaccuracyofmeasureme