项目致胜之道教学课件

CONTENTSIntroduction:FactsandFiguresaboutISsuccessandfailureWhatisanInformationSystemstrategyUnderstandingdifferenttypesofISprojectsProjectsuccessandfailure©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019SESSIONONEIntroduction:Facts&FiguresaboutISprojectfailuresDefiningInformationSystemsStrategy©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019IfbuildingconstructionhadthesameratioofcancellationsasITprojects,morethanhalfoftheofficebuildingsintheworldwhichwerelargerthan30storiestallwouldbeabandonedbeforecompletion."TheaverageheightofbuildingsinNewYorkCitywouldbeonlythreestoriesandtherewouldbenoskyscrapersatall."

AnInterestingFACT©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ProjectSuccessandFailures:

StatisticsTheRobbins-GioiaSurvey,USA.232surveyrespondentsfromdifferentindustriesincludinggovernment,IT,Communications,financial,utilities,andhealthcare:51%viewedtheirERPimplementationasunsuccessful

KPMG,Canada.Thesurveycovered1,450publicandprivatesectororganizations:Over61%oftheITprojectsthatwereanalyzedweredeemedtohavefailed©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ProjectSuccessandFailures:

StatisticsTheChaosreport,USA.Thesurveycovered8,380applicationsthroughITexecutivemanagersinlarge,medium,andsmallcompaniesacrossmajorindustrysegments:banking,securities,manufacturing,insuranceandgovernmentorganizations:31%oftheprojectswillbecancelledbeforetheyevergetcompleted52.7%ofprojectswillcostover189%oftheiroriginalestimatesOnly16.2%ofsoftwarewerecompletedon-timeandon-budget©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019Statisticcont.

TheOASIGstudy,UK.Samplebasedon45expertsemployedbyuniversitiesandconsultancies.Thebottomlineis:7outof10ITprojects“fail”insomeaspect.Seventy-fourpercentofallITprojectsfail,comeinoverbudgetorrunpasttheoriginaldeadline...28percentofprojectsfailaltogether.

Source:TheStandishGroupEveryyear,$75billionisspentonfailedITprojectsintheU.S.

Source:TheStandishGroup©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019SessionTwo©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019DefiningInformationSystemsStrategy©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019WhatisanInformationSystem?MaincomponentsTechnologyPeopleOrganization/businessData©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019StrategySimpledefinitionKnowingwherewearenow Knowingwherewewanttobe andknowingroughlyhowtogetthere©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019InformationSystemsStrategyBusinessstrategyInformationSystemsstrategyInformationTechnologystrategyWhereareweGoing,andwhy?Whatisneededtodoinordertoachievethebusinessobjectives?HowcanwedeliverThebusinessobjectives?©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019 SessionTwo©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019LetusunderstanddifferentkindsofISprojects©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019WHYDOWEUSEIT?

?©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019DifferentKindsof

InformationSystemsSomecontribute-simpleefficiencySomecontribute-competitiveadvantageSomecontribute-relativelylittleSomearepurely-experimental©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019Thereisaframeworkthatcanhelpustoorganizeourthoughts:Benefits WhatismostimportanttodoResources

WhatiscapableofbeingdoneRisks Whatislikelytosucceed©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019TheApplicationsPortfolioStrategicHighPotentialKeyOperationalSupportEvolutionaryEffectivenessExploratoryEfficiency©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ApplicationPortfolio:

StrategicDrivingForces:FuturebusinessorcompetitiveadvantageExternalfactors(market,competition)Change!Examples:Salesforecastingsystem/studentintakeAPC-basedsystemusedbysalespeopletocapturebusinessnewcustomersLinkstosupplierforJust-In-Timedelivery©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ApplicationPortfolio:

KeyOperationalDrivingForces:CoreactivitiesofthebusinessIfthesystemfailsthebusinesshasimmediateandsignificantproblemsleadingtobusinessdisadvantage

HighqualityandeffectivedatamanagementExamples:ticketingsysteminanair-linecompanyproductionschedulinginamanufacturingcompany©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ApplicationPortfolio:

SupportDrivingForces:PerformanceofspecificbusinesstasksProductivityorefficiencyimprovements–mainlyeconomicbenefitsToenableresources(people)tobeusedmoreappropriatelyTheyareNOTcriticaltothebusinessExamples:Generalaccounting,personnelrecord-keeping,expensereportingsystem,etc.Oftenusingspreadsheetsandpackagedsoftwaretosatisfymostneeds©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ApplicationPortfolio:

HighPotentialDrivingForces:AnewbusinessideaortechnologyopportunityBenefitsareunknownNeedtodemonstratevalueNottoolongortoocostlyPrototypeExamples:TheevaluationofimageprocessingtechnologyfordocumentmanagementThefeasibilityifusingexpertsystemstomodelthebehaviorofcompetitors©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019TheApplicationsPortfolioTimeQualityCost©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019TheApplicationsPortfolio(TQM)StrategicHighPotentialKeyOperationalSupportTimeQuality CostR&Dprojects(whattypeofbenefits?)Time

Quality CostTimeQuality

Cost

©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019IsYourProject:StrategicKeyOperationalSupportHighPotential?©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019TheApplicationsPortfolio(TQM)StrategicHighPotentialKeyOperationalSupportBANNER©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019

Sessionthree©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019Success&Failure:FactorsProjectlifeCycleMeasures©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019WhyDoITProjectsFail?

?©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CategoriesTechnologyHardware/software/networkManagementOrganization,projectPeopleManagement,users,ITDataAvailabilityandvalidity©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,201940CriticalSuccessFactorsTechnologyFactors:EaseofuseEnhancibilityCurrenttechnologyProventechnologyOpennessofthesystem(OSI)Off-the-Shelf©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CSFSManagementFactors(organization):ClarityofbusinessobjectivesOrganizationalstructureInternalCommunicationOrganizationpreviousITexperienceISstrategyITstandardsISchampionSufficiencyoffinancialresourcesGovernmentgeneralregulations©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CSFSManagementFactors(project):RealisticprojectobjectiveAccuratestatementofrequirementsStableuserrequirementsSufficienttimeforcompletionConsideringhiddencostsUsertrainingTechnicaltrainingProjectmanager©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CSFSManagementFactors:ProjectmanagementmethodologyUseofindependentconsultantSupplieranalysisSuppliercompetenceClient-supplierrelationshipContracttermsPilotingtheprojectFeasibilitystudy©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CSFSPeopleFactors:TopmanagementITawarenessITmanagersbusinessunderstandingITstafftechnicalcapabilitiesUsermaturityUseracceptanceUserinvolvementTopmanagementsupport©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CSFSDataFactors:DataavailabilityDatavalidity©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019CriticalSuccessFactors

TechnologyVs.Non-TechnologyNon-Technology85%Technology15%©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019SessionFour©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ProjectLifeCycle©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ProjectLifeCycleInitiationImplementationService©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ProjectLifeCyclePhase1:Initiation-Recognitionofaneed-Specificationofrequirements-Invitationtosupply-Evaluationofoffers-Adoptiondecision-SelectionPhase2:

Implementation-Systemdesign-Systemdevelopment-Training-Installation-Testing-AcceptancePhase1:Service-Delivery-ImpactontheorganizationorindividualsSigningthecontractwiththesupplierAcceptancetest©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019Success&FailureSuccessMeasures©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019WhatisSuccess??©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019SuccessMeasuresElementstobeconsideredPeopleperceptionNatureoftheprojectPhaseoftheproject©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,20198SuccessMeasuresBusinessfeasibilityTechnicalfeasibilityOn-timeWithinBudgetSystemperformanceUsersatisfactionImpact(organization&individuals)Actualuse©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019SuccessMeasures&ProjectLifeCycle©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019SuccessMeasuresServiceUsersatisfactionImpactontheorganizationandindividualsActualuseInitiationBusinessfeasibilityTechnicalfeasibilityImplementationOn-timeWithinBudgetSystemperformance©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019Synthesis:

ProjectSuccessModelCriticalSuccessFactorsProjectLifeCycleSuccessMeasures©AliJawad,DataManagementConsultancy,2019ProjectSuccessModelInitiationPhaseSuccessmeasures-Businessfeasibility-TechnicalfeasibilitySuperfactors1.St