2021-2022学年贵州省遵义市鸭溪镇中学高二英语期末试题含解析

2021-2022学年贵州省遵义市鸭溪镇中学高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.We_____forherbecauseshenevercame.A.mustn’thavewaited

B.shouldn’thavewaited

C.mustn’twait

D.needn’twait参考答案：Bshouldnothavedone表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”，含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”，“批评”之意。2.

Thedisabilitymakeseverydaylifedifficultand______societyshouldtreat______disabledwithdignityandrespect.A.the;the

B.不填；the

C.

a;a

D.the;不填参考答案：B3.—Jack,don’tjustrepeatwhat_____teacherofourclasshastoldus.Trytoexpressyourselfinyourownwords.☆考♂资♀源€网—OK.Er…,couldIhave_____discussionwithmyclassmatesfirst?A.the,the

B.a,a

C.a,the

D.the,a参考答案：D略4.GMM’sfriend:Justbecareful.Youmaybreaktheantiquevase.GuoMeimei:

_________?Myboyfriendhasnothingbutmoney.A.Whynot

B.Howcome

C.Sowhat

D.Whatfor参考答案：C5.Thelightwillbethrown______thecauseofcancerbyresearchthatisnowinprogress.

A.to

B.upon

C.in

D.for参考答案：B35.---Wouldyouliketohavesupperwithme?

---Yes,_________.A.I'dlike

B.I'dlikegoing

C.I'dliketodo

D.I'dliketo参考答案：D略7.---Howdoyouliketheparty?---Wonderful.Ifyouhadcomewithus,you________agoodtime.A.had

B.hadhad

C.wouldhave

D.wouldhavehad参考答案：D8.Shewentoutangrily_______Irealizedwhatwashappening.A.while

B.after

C.before

D.when参考答案：C9.——Ifailedinthedrivingtest.——Don'tbesodisappointed.___________,you'llhaveonemorechanceoftryingit.

A.Atall

B.Afterall

C.Inall

D.Aboveall参考答案：B

10.—Look!Hernewdressissobeautiful.—Isawonelikethisinashopyesterday,but

Ididn’thavemycreditcardwithmeorI’dcertainlyhaveboughtit.A.unnecessarily

B.undoubtedly

C.unsurprisingly D.unfortunately参考答案：D11.Theoldfarmerhasonesonandtwodaughters,______arekindtohim,______makeshimsad.

A.neitherofthem;which

B.allofwhom;which

C.noneofthem;it

D.noneofwhom;which参考答案：D12.Itisinthisvillage,______Marywasborn35yearsago,______shewillbuildherfirstschool,_____inspireseveryonetohelpher.A.that;when;which

B.where;that;which

C.that;when;that

D.where;when;that参考答案：B13.Londonistheonlycityintheworld_______takingataxiisaninterestingexperiencefortourists.A.where

B.that

C.which D.whose参考答案：A14.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher____theresultofthetest.A.islookingforwardtoknow

B.arelookingforwardtoknowingC.islookingforwardtoknowing

D.arelookingforwardtoknow参考答案：C15.Wegivedogstime,space,andlovewecanspare,and____________,dogsgiveustheirall.A.inall

B.inreturn

C.inshort

D.infact参考答案：B16.I’mverysorry,Ireallydon’t_________you.A.meanharm

B.meantoharm

C.meanharming

D.meantobeharmed参考答案：

B17.Withsomany____outside,Ifindithardtofocusonmywork.A.noiseB.distractionsC.distributionsD.contributions参考答案：B18.Hecouldn’t________thefactthatthemoneywasfoundinhishouse.A．answerfor

B．leaveforC．accountfor

D．carefor参考答案：C19.Allovertheworld,peopledieof________everyday.A.hungry

B.angryC.hunger

D.anger参考答案：C二、完型填空20.MolecularbiologistElizabethBlackburnsharedaNobelPrizeforherresearchontelomeres(端粒)—structuresatthetipsofchromosomes(染色体）thatplayakeyroleincellularaging.___31___shewasfrustratedthattheimportanthealthimplicationsofherworkweren’treachingbeyondacademia.SoalongwithpsychologistElissaEpel,shehaspublishedherfindingsinanewbook___32___ageneralaudience--layingoutascientificcasethatmaygivereaders____33____tokeeptheirnewyear'sresolutionstonotsmoke,eatwell,sleepenough,exerciseregularly，and___34___stress.ThemainmessageofTheTelomereEffect,beingpublishedTuesday,isthatyouhavemorecontroloveryourownagingthanyoumayimagine.Youcanactually___35___yourtelomeres—andperhapsyourlife—byfollowingsoundhealthadvice,theauthorsargue,basedonareviewofthousandsofstudies.“Telomereslistentoyou,theylistentoyour___36___，theylistentoyourstateofmind，”saidBlackburn,presidentoftheSalkInstituteforBiologicalStudiesinLaJolia,Calif.TelomeressitattheendofthestrandsofDNA,likethe___37___capsonshoelaces.Stressfromaroughlifestylewillshortenthosecaps,makingitmorelikelythatcellswill___38___dividingandessentiallydie.Toomanyofthesecellsaccelerate___39___，thepairsay.Thisdoesn’tcauseanyparticulardisease,butresearchsuggeststhatitspeedsupthetimewhenwhateveryourgeneshaveinstorewilloccur--soifyou’re___40___toheartdisease，you'remorelikelytogetityoungerifyourtelomeresareshorter,saidEpel,directoroftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco’sAging,MetabolismandEmotionsCenter.“Wecanprovideanewlevelofspecificityandtellpeoplemorepreciselywithclues___41___fromtelomerescienceaboutwhatexactly___42___isrelatedtolongtelomeres,whatexactfoodsarerelatedtolongtelomeres,whataspectsofsleeparemorerelatedtolongtelomeres,”Epeladded.OtherresearchersinthefieldpraisedBlackburnandEpel’seffortstomaketelomereresearchrelevanttothegeneralpublic,___43___severalwarnedthatitrisked___44___thescience.“Ithinkit’saverydifficultthingtoprovethatlifestylecanaffecttelomerelengthandthereforelifespan,”saidHarvardgeneticistandanti-agingresearcherDavidSinclair.“Togetcause-effectinhumansis___45___，soit’sbasedonassociations.”31.A.Hence B.Furthermore C.But D.And32.A.referredto B.addressedto C.aimedat D.informedof33.A.implication B.warning C.appealing D.motivation34.A.cutdownon B.contributeto C.layemphasison D.addto35.A.enhance B.lengthen C.shorten D.simplify36.A.extinction B.behaviors C.instincts D.attitudes37.A.influential B.inevitable C.progressive D.protective38.A.initiate B.neglect C.cease D.maintain39.A.humanhealth B.humanaging C.humanresolution D.psychologicalstress40.A.relevant B.sensitive C.reluctant D.dedicated41.A.emerging B.suffering C.profiting D.suspending42.A.illness B.gene C.smoking D.exercise43.A.though B.because C.so D.or44.A.overestimating B.oversimplifying C.underestimating D.over-viewing45.A.impropriate B.impossible C.irrelevant D.imaginary参考答案：31.C

32.C

33.D

34.A

35.B

36.B

37.D

38.C

39.B

40.B

41.A

42.D

43.A

44.B

45.B这是一篇说明文。分子生物学家伊丽莎白·布莱克本(ElizabethBlackburn)因对端粒——染色体末端的结构，在细胞衰老过程中起着关键作用的研究而分享了诺贝尔奖。但她感到沮丧的是，她的工作对健康的重要影响并没有超出学术界。因此，她和心理学家埃莉萨·埃佩尔(ElissaEpel)一起，在一本针对普通读者的新书中发表了自己的发现。【31题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：但令她沮丧的是，她的工作对健康的重要影响并没有超出学术界。A.Hence因此；B.Furthermore此外；C.But但是；D.And和。根据上文MolecularbiologistElizabethBlackburnsharedaNobelPrizeforherresearchontelomeres可知，此处与下文构成转折关系，应使用转折连词。故C选项正确。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，她和心理学家埃莉萨·埃佩尔在一本针对普通读者的新书中发表了自己的发现。A.referredto提及；B.addressedto写信给；C.aimedat针对；D.informedof通知。根据句意可知，此处指“针对普通读者”。故C选项正确。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：列出一个科学案例，可能会给读者动力，让他们保持不吸烟、吃得好、睡得好、经常锻炼的新年决心。A.implication含义；B.warning警告；C.appealing吸引；D.motivation动力。故D选项正确。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：列出一个科学案例，可能会给读者动力，让他们保持不吸烟、吃得好、睡得好、经常锻炼、减少压力的新年决心。A.cutdownon减少；B.contributeto有助于；C.layemphasison重视；D.addto添加。根据空前列举的例子可知，此处指“减少压力”。故A选项正确。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：根据对数千项研究的回顾，作者认为，遵循健康建议实际上可以延长你的端粒长度，甚至延长你的寿命。A.enhance增强；B.lengthen延长；C.shorten缩短；D.simplify简化。根据上文ThemainmessageofTheTelomereEffect,beingpublishedTuesday,isthatyouhavemorecontroloveryourownagingthanyoumayimagine.可知，你可以延长你的端粒长度。故B选项正确。【36题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：端粒听你说话，它们听你的行为，它们听你的思想状态。A.extinction灭绝；B.behaviors行为；C.instincts本能；D.attitudes态度。根据上文Youcanactually___5___yourtelomeres—andperhapsyourlife—byfollowingsoundhealthadvice,可知，此处指“你的行为”。故B选项正确。【37题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：端粒位于DNA链的末端，就像鞋带上的保护帽。A.influential有影响的；B.inevitable不可避免的；C.progressive进步的；D.protective防护的。根据下文Stressfromaroughlifestylewillshortenthosecaps,makingitmorelikelythatcellswill___8___dividingandessentiallydie.可知，此处指“保护帽”。故D选项正确。【38题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：粗犷的生活方式带来的压力会缩短这些细胞帽，使其更有可能停止分裂并最终死亡。A.initiate启动；B.neglect忽视；C.cease停止；D.maintain维护。根据essentiallydie可知，此处指这些细胞帽更有可能停止分裂。故C选项正确。【39题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：这两人说，这些细胞太多会加速人类衰老。A.humanhealth人类健康；B.humanaging人类的衰老；C.humanresolution人的分辨力；D.psychologicalstress心理压力。根据下文Thisdoesn’tcauseanyparticulardisease,butresearchsuggeststhatitspeedsupthetimewhenwhateveryourgeneshaveinstorewilloccur可知，此处指加速人类衰老。故B选项正确。【40题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：因此，如果你对心脏病很敏感，端粒越短，你就越有可能患上心脏病。A.relevant相关的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.reluctant不情愿的；D.dedicated专用的。根据you'remorelikelytogetityoungerifyourtelomeresareshorter可知，此处指对心脏病敏感。故B选项正确。【41题详解】考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：我们可以提供一个新的水平的特异性，并告诉人们更准确的线索来自端粒科学。A.emergingfrom从……显露出来；B.sufferingfrom遭受；C.profitingfrom从……受益；D.suspendingfrom从^悬吊下来。根据句意可知，此处指来自于端粒科学。故A选项正确。【42题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：到底是什么运动与端粒有关，什么食物与端粒有关，睡眠的哪些方面与端粒更有关。A.illness疾病；B.gene基因；C.smoking吸烟；D.exercise运动。根据下文whatexactfoods…whataspectsofsleep…可知，此处指运动。故D选项正确。【43题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：该领域的其他研究人员赞扬了布莱克本和埃佩尔使端粒研究与普通大众相关的努力，尽管一些人警告说这可能会使科学过于简单化。A.though尽管；B.because因为；C.so所以；D.or或者，否则。根据句意可知，此是让步状语从句。故A选项正确。【44题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：该领域的其他研究人员赞扬了布莱克本和埃佩尔使端粒研究与普通大众相关的努力，尽管一些人警告说这可能会使科学过于简单化。A.overestimating高估；B.oversimplifying简单化；C.underestimating低估；D.over-viewing综述。根据上文aboutwhatexactly___12___isrelatedtolongtelomeres,whatexactfoodsarerelatedtolongtelomeres,whataspectsofsleeparemorerelatedtolongtelomeres可知，此处指一些人警告说这可能会使科学过于简单化。故B选项正确。【45题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：在人类身上获得因果关系是不可能的，所以它是建立在联系的基础上的。A.impropriate以此方式移交的；B.impossible不可能的；C.irrelevant无关紧要的；D.imaginary虚构的。根据上文Ithinkit’saverydifficultthingtoprovethatlifestylecanaffecttelomerelengthandthereforelifespan,可知，哈佛大学遗传学家、抗衰老研究员戴维·辛克莱认为在人类身上获得因果关系是不可能的。故B选项正确。21.EverytimeIpassedboyswhowereplayingbasketball,Istoppedtosilentlywatchthem.Ireallyenviedthem.Butasagirl,IoncethoughtthatIcould

16

playbasketball.

IlikeplayingbasketballthoughI'mnotgoodatit.I'vehadabasketball17

Iwasachild.Atfirst,Icouldplayfreelybecausenoone

18

whenIwasjustakid.ButasIgrewupitseemedharderandharderformetoenjoybasketball.Atschool,itwasalwaystheboyswhoplayedbasketballduringPEclasses.Thegirlswere19

allowedtoplayvolleyballorbadminton.Myparentsdidnot

20

meplaybasketballathome."Basketballisnotfitforgirls,"theysaid.

21

Iwenttoplaybasketballwithmyfriends,boys

22

atmeonthecourtasifIwereanalien.Iwasfeeling

23

andhadlosthopeofplayingbasketball.24,somethingchangedthefirstdayofhighschool.Imadesomefriendswhoalsoenjoyedplayingbasketball.They

25

metogetbackonthecourt.Oneofthemtoldmewithasmile,"Goyourown

26

,letotherstalk."Thisgirlwouldalwaysplaybasketballwithme.Eventheboywhosatnexttomeinclasstalkedabout

27

withmealmosteveryday.Iwasinspiredbythem.Confidenceandpassion

28tomyheart.Iamreadytostandupandplay.IwillplayaswellasIcan,

29

forme,eventheskyisboundless(无垠的).Basketballhasbecomeanimportantpartofmy

30.Iaminterestedinit.Iwatchmatchesandenjoyplayingalmosteveryday.Throughbasketball,notonlydoIfeelhappyandconfident,butalso31

alot.I'veheardtheNBAstarTracyMcGradysay,"Nothingisimpossible."ItisfromanadvertisementonTV.Ihave

32

torealizethatlifeisjustlikeplayingbasket:ball.Youshouldhavean

33.Afterthat,justbeconfidentand

34

going.Nevergiveupandyou'llmakeitsoonerorlater.IlovethemottooftheNBA.Itcan35

mystrongfeelingsforbasketball,"Ilovethisgame!"16.A.ever

B.often

C.never

D.always17.A.when

B.before

C.after

D.since18.A.struggled

B.eared

C.enjoyed

D.joined19.A.only

B.almost

C.hardly

D.not20.A.encourage

B.agree

C.let

D.permit21.A.Still

B.Yet

C.Just

D.Even22.A.looked

B.glared

C.glanced

D.stared23.A.up

B.down

C.excited

D.satisfied24.A.Unluckily

B.Naturally

C.Unexpectedly

D.Clearly25.A.encouraged

B.forbade

C.ensured

D.explored26.A.effort

B.way

C.business

D.direction27.A.basketball

B.sports

C.interests

D.dreams28.A.stuck

B.referred

C.turned

D.returned29.A.but

B.though

C.and

D.however30.A.wish

B.life

C.work

D.study31.A.experience

B.grow

C.learn

D.play32.A.come

B.turned

C.refused

D.happened33.A.idea

B.aim

C.opinion

D.effort34.A,insist

B.remain

C.keep

D.last35.A.inform

B.express

C.ignore

D.connect

参考答案：16-20CDBAC

21-25DDBCA

26-30BADCB

31-35CABCB三、阅读理解22.Aperson,likeacommodity（商品）,needspackaging.Butgoingtoofarislyundesirable.Alittleexaggeration(夸张)willdonoharmwhenitshowstheperson'suniquequalitiestotheiradvantages.Toshowpersonalattractivenessinacasualandnaturalway,itisimportantforonetohaveaclearknowledgeofoneself.Askilledpackagerknowshowtoaddarttonaturewithoutanysignsofembellishmentsothatthepersonsopackagedisnotacommodity,butahumanbeing,livelyandlovely.Ayoungperson,especiallyafemale,shiningwithbeautyandfulloflife,hasallthefavorgranted.Youthhowever,comesandgoesinaflash.Packagingforthemiddle-agedisprimarilytohidethemarksmadebyyears.Ifyoustillenjoylifeenoughtokeepself-confidenceandworkatpioneeringwork,youareuniqueinyournaturalqualities,andyourattractivenessandgracewillremain.Elderlypeoplearebeautifuliftheirriveroflifehasbeen,throughplains,mountainsandjungles,runningitscourseasitshould.Youhavereallylivedyourlife,whichnowarrivesataself-satisfiedstageofquietnessandcalmnesswithnointerestinfameorwealth.Thereisnoneedtomakeuseofhairdyeing.Thesnow-cappedmountainitselfisabeautifulsceneoffairyland.Letyourlookschangefromyoungtooldinstepwiththenaturalageingprocesssoastokeepinharmonywithnature,forharmonyitselfisbeauty,whiletheotherwayroundwillonlyendinunpleasantness.Tobeinthecompanyoftheelderlyislikereadingathickbookofgoodedition,whichattractsonesomuchthatoneisunwillingtopartwithit.Aslongasonefindswhereonestands,oneknowshowtopackageoneself,justasacommoditysetsupitsbrandbytherightpackaging.11.Theunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphisclosesttotheword______inmeaning.A.decoration

B.clarification...C.movement

D.identification12.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthat______.A.peopleshouldbepackagedatallagesB.peopleshouldbepackagedinaspecialwayC.elderlypeoplealsocareaboutpackagingD.properpackagingmakespeopleattractive13.Forthemiddle-aged,attractiveness______.A.hardlyexists

B.isthestrongestC.comesfromtheinside

D.comesfromtheappearance14.Accordingtotheauthor,ifyouwanttokeepinharmonywithnature,youshould______.A.dyeyourhair

B.makeupatayoungageC.followtheageingprocess

D.giveupfameandwealth15.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthatelderlypeople______.A.areusuallypackagedlikeafinely-madebookB.experiencealotandhaverichknowledgeoflifeC.doalotoftravelingandcangiveyoumuchinformationD.enjoyreadingthickbooksaboutbeautifulnatureandfairyland参考答案：11.A

12.D

13.C

14.C

15.B试题分析：人和商品一样也需要包装，适当的包装会让人更加有魅力，但是过度的包装会适得其反，实际上每个年龄阶段都有自己独特的美，所以作者认为我们要遵循变老的过程，和自然和谐。11.词义推测题。从第一段的句子：Askilledpackagerknowshowtoaddarttonaturewithoutanysignsof可知一个有技巧的包装纸知道怎么增加自然的美不用装饰，所以embellishment相当于decoration，选A12.细节理解题。从文章第一段的句子：sothatthepersonsopackagedisnotacommodity,butahumanbeing,livelyandlovely.可知适当的包装使人们更加有吸引力，选D13.细节理解题。从第二段的句子：Packagingforthemiddle-agedisprimarilytohidethemarksmadebyyears.Ifyoustillenjoylifeenoughtokeepself-confidenceandworkatpioneeringwork,youareuniqueinyournaturalqualities,andyourattractivenessandgracewillremain.可知对于中年人来说：吸引力是来自于内在的，选C14.细节理解题。从第二段的句子：Letyourlookschangefromyoungtooldinstepwiththenaturalageingprocesssoastokeepinharmonywithnature,forharmonyitselfisbeauty,whiletheotherwayroundwillonlyendinunpleasantness.可知如果你要和自然保持和谐应该遵循变老的过程，选C15.句意理解题。从第二段的句子：这句话将老人比喻成一本厚厚的书，可知这句话是说老年人经历了很多，有丰富的人生知识，选B23.Anewstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag.Jetlagresultsfromflyinglongdistancesinanairplane.Peoplewithjetlagfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsinthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudy,whichinvolvedtwentywomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudy,theflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesalivafromthewomen’smouthstomeasurelevelsofa