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学必求其心得,业必贵于专精学必求其心得,业必贵于专精学必求其心得,业必贵于专精河北省昌黎县2014高考英语学生自选训练(2)及答案社会生活类阅读理解FranzKafkawrotethat“abookmustbetheax(斧子)forthefrozenseainsideus.”Ioncesharedthissentencewithaclassofseventhgraders,anditdidn’tseemtorequireanyexplanation。We’djustfinishedJohnSteinbeck'snovelOfMiceandMen。Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass,mytoughestboy,astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle,andsodidI.“Areyoucrying?”onegirlasked,asshegotoutofherchairtotakeacloserlook。“Iam,”Itoldher,“andthefunnythingisI'vereaditmanytimes.”Buttheyunderstood.WhenGeorgeshootsLennie,thetragedyisthatwerealizeitwasalwaysgoingtohappen。Inmy14yearsofteachinginaNewYorkCitypublicmiddleschool,I'vetaughtkidswithimprisonedparents,abusiveparents,irresponsibleparents;kidswhoareparentsthemselves;kidswhoarehomeless;kidswhogrewupinviolentneighborhoods.Theyunderstand,morethanIeverwill,thenovel’sterriblelogic—thegivingwayofdreamstofate(命运)。Forthelastsevenyears,Ihaveworkedasareadingenrichmentteacher,readingclassicworksofliteraturewithsmallgroupsofstudentsfromgradessixtoeight。Ioriginallyproposedthisideatomyheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterary-mindedchildrenofManhattan'supperclasses-intoalesscompetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltuncomfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital”couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool,wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPh。D’s。AlongwithOfMiceandMen,mygroupsread:Sounder,TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies,RomeoandJulietandMacbeth。Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromtheexpectedpointofview。AboutTheRedPony,onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman,it’saboutmanliness.”IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth,norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies(独白)readasraps(说唱),butbothmadesense;theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbeck'swriting,oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey'reallwhite。”Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening,hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening。Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearafteryear,however,weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests。Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglycomplextexts,notforemotionalpunch(碰撞)butfortextcomplexity。Yet,wecannotenrich(充实)themindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts。Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem。1.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph1probablymeanthatabookhelpsto_____。A。realizeourdreamsB.givesupporttoourlifeC。smoothawaydifficultiesD。awakeouremotions2。WhywerethestudentsabletounderstandthenovelOfMiceandMen?A。Becausetheyspentmuchtimereadingit。B。Becausetheyhadreadthenovelbefore。C。Becausetheycamefromapublicschool。D。Becausetheyhadsimilarlifeexperiences.3。Thegirllefttheselectivehighschoolpossiblybecause_____。A.shewasaliterary—mindedgirlB。herparentswereimmigrantsC.shecouldn’tfitinwithherclassD。herfatherwastheninprison4.Totheauthor'ssurprise,thestudentsreadthenovels_____。A。creativelyB.passivelyC.repeatedlyD。carelessly5.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto____。A。introduceclassicworksofliteratureB。advocateteachingliteraturetotouchtheheartC。argueforequalityamonghighschoolstudentsD。defendthecurrenttestingsystem【参考答案】43.DDCAB[社会生活型阅读理解(二)]—--—BAn“applepolisher”isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe(贿赂),butisclosetoit。Allsortsofpeopleare“applepolishers”,includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody。OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed.Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“apple。polishing”—“soft.soaping”or“butteringup”。Agiftisjustonewayto“soft.soap"somebody,orto“butterhimup”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery,givingsomeonehighpraise—tellinghimhowgoodhelooks,orhowwellhespeaks,orhowtalentedandwiseheis。Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.Weneedittobemoresureofourselves。Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment,asacatlapsupmilk,thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves。Sometimes,however,flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit。Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland。Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣)。Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies,asamanoflimitlesspower.Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson。Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown。Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin。Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim。Thekingwassatisfied。Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatterywas.1。Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“apple。polishing”?A.Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks。B.Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement。C.Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers.D.Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom。2。WhatdoesthewriterwanttoprovewithCromwell'sexample?A.Everybodycanbean“apple.polisher”.B.Cromwellwasnotagood“apple。polisher”.C.GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenot“apple。polishers”.D.Therearepeoplewhodon’tlikebeing“apple.polished”.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?A.Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.B.Flatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.C.Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive(过度的)pride。D.Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapplepolishpeople.4。WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore?A.Becausehewassickofhisnormallife。B.Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore.C.Becausehewantedthemtorealizehowwisehewas.D.Becausehewantedthemtoseehowweakhewasasaking.5。Whodoestheauthorthinkthatflatterycandogoodto?A.Thosewhoarepoliticiansorinhighoffices。B.Thosewholackconfidence.C.Thosewhoarereallyexcellent。D.Thosewhothinkhighlyofthemselves。社会生活类TotaketheappleasaforbiddenfruitisthemostunlikelystorytheChristians(基督教徒)haveevercookedup。Forthem,theforbiddenfruitfromEdenisevil(邪恶的).SowhenColumbusbroughtthetomatobackfromSouthAmerica,alandmistakenlyconsideredtobeEden,everyonejumpedtotheobviousconclusion。WronglytakenastheappleofEden,thetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofEuropeans.Whatmadeitparticularlyterrifyingwasitssimilaritytothemandrake,aplantthatwasthoughttohavecomefromHell(地狱)。Whatearnedtheplantitsawfulreputationwasitsrootswhichlookedlikeadried—uphumanbodyoccupiedbyevilspirits.Thoughthetomatoandthemandrakewerequitedifferentexceptthatbothhadbrightredoryellowfruit,thegeneralpopulationconsideredthemoneandthesame,tooterribletotouch.CautiousEuropeanslongignoredthetomato,anduntiltheearly1700smostoftheWesternpeoplecontinuedtodragtheirfeet。Inthe1880s,thedaughterofawell-knownplantexpertwrotethatthemostinterestingpartofanafternoonteaatherfather’shousehadbeenthe“introductionofthiswonderfulnewfruit—orisitavegetable?"Aslateasthetwentiethcenturysomewritersstillclassedtomatoeswithmandrakesasan“evilfruit”.Butintheendtomatoescarriedtheday.TheheroofthetomatowasanAmericannamedRobertJohnson,andwhenhewaspubliclygoingtoeatthetomatoin1820,peoplejourneyedforhundredsofmilestowatchhimdropdead.“Whatareyouafraidof?”heshouted.“I'llshowyoufoolsthatthesethingsaregoodtoeat!”Thenhebitintothetomato.Somepeoplefainted。Buthesurvivedand,accordingtoalocalstory,setupatomato-canningfactory.1.ThetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofearlyEuropeansmainlybecause.A.itmadeChristiansevilB。itwastheappleofEdenC.itcamefromaforbiddenlandD。itwasreligiouslyunacceptable2。WhatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedpartinParagraph3?A.Theprocessofignoringthetomatosloweddown。B。Therewaslittleprogressinthestudyofthetomato。C.Thetomatowasstillrefusedinmostwesterncountries.D.Mostwesternpeoplecontinuedtogetridofthetomato.3。WhatisthemainreasonforRobertJohnsontoeatthetomatopublicly?A。Tomakehimselfahero.B。Toremovepeople'sfearofthetomato。C.Tospeedupthepopularityofthetomato.D。Topersuadepeopletobuyproductsfromhisfactory。4。Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tochallengepeople'sfixedconceptsofthetomato.B.Togiveanexplanationtopeople’sdislikeofthetomato。C。Topresentthechangeofpeople’sattitudestothetomato。D。Toshowtheprocessoffreeingthetomatofromreligiousinfluence。【参考答案】42.DCBC【参考答案解析】B【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一种普遍现象:人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话,而且有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。1.D根据“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment。”可知选D项。2.A根据第二段“Allsortsofpeopleare‘applepolishers',includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed."可知高层的领导者都可能是拍马屁的人,可以想象每个人都可能是这种人.故选A项。3.D根据第一段“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment."和第三段“Agiftisjustonewayto‘soft。soap’somebody,orto‘butterhimup’.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery…"可知选D项。4.B根据第六段“Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣).”可知国王厌烦了朝臣的阿谀奉承,故选B项。5.B根据第四段“Intruth,flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit。”以及第五段“Weneedittobemoresureofourselves。Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit。"可知,阿谀奉承对于缺乏自信的人是有好处的。故选B项。[社会生活型阅读理解(二)]——--COver70percentofthe“doublesinglechildcouples”inChinaneedhelpfromtheirparentsintakingcareoftheirownkids,accordingtoarecentsurvey.WomenofChinamagazineandaconsultingcompanycarriedoutasurveyrecentlyonyoungcouplesofthe“singlechild”generation,theMorningPostreports。Thecouplessurveyedwerearound29andhavebeenmarriedforthreeyearsonaverage,withuniversityeducationandmonthlyincomeof4,000yuan($531).Amongthem,43。5percenthavekids。Resultsshowthat71.9percentoftheyoungcoupleshavehelpfromtheirparentsintakingcareoftheirkids.Grownupasthe“single。child",theonlychildinafamilysincethefamilyplanningpolicywhichwasadoptedin1979,thisgenerationdependsmuchontheirparents。Theparentsofthe“single.child”generationfocusedmoreontheirchildren’sphysicalwellbeingratherthantheirattitudesandvalues,accordingtosomepsychologists。Theresearchalsofoundthatthe“doublesinglechildcouples"followarathertraditionalvaluesystem.Surveyshowsthat27。5percentofthemgotmarriedafterdatingforonetotwoyears,25.2percenttwotofiveyears,and20percentdidn'ttietheknotuntildatingforfiveyears。Also,30percentofthecoupleswereschoolmates,while43。8percentwereintroducedbysomeone。Sincetheirmarriageisbasedonenduringrelationships,65。2percentofthehusbandsand62。9percentofthewivesthinkthatcompromise(妥协)andtolerance(宽容)arenecessaryintheirmarriage.Meanwhile,21。7percentofthehusbandsand37。1percentofthewivessupporttheideathathappinessisthekeystandardforamarriage。1。Thebesttitleforthepassageshouldbe“________”.A.MumandDad,takecareofmykidpleaseB.DoublesinglechildcouplesC.TheproblemofthesinglechildD.ArecentsurveybyWomenofChina2。WhichofthefollowingisNOTsupportedbythepassage?A.Themajorityofthe“doublesingle.childcouples”inChinadependmuchontheirparents。B.Theparentsofthe“single.child”generationcaredmoreabouttheirstudyandeducation。C.Onefifthofthecouplessurveyeddidn'tgetmarrieduntildatingforfiveyears。D.Allthecouplessurveyed
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