河北省昌黎县2014高考英语学生自选训练（2）及答案

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精河北省昌黎县2014高考英语学生自选训练（2）及答案社会生活类阅读理解FranzKafkawrotethat“abookmustbetheax(斧子)forthefrozenseainsideus.”Ioncesharedthissentencewithaclassofseventhgraders,anditdidn’tseemtorequireanyexplanation。We’djustfinishedJohnSteinbeck'snovelOfMiceandMen。Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass，mytoughestboy，astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle，andsodidI.“Areyoucrying?”onegirlasked，asshegotoutofherchairtotakeacloserlook。“Iam,”Itoldher，“andthefunnythingisI'vereaditmanytimes.”Buttheyunderstood.WhenGeorgeshootsLennie,thetragedyisthatwerealizeitwasalwaysgoingtohappen。Inmy14yearsofteachinginaNewYorkCitypublicmiddleschool,I'vetaughtkidswithimprisonedparents,abusiveparents,irresponsibleparents;kidswhoareparentsthemselves；kidswhoarehomeless;kidswhogrewupinviolentneighborhoods.Theyunderstand,morethanIeverwill，thenovel’sterriblelogic—thegivingwayofdreamstofate（命运）。Forthelastsevenyears,Ihaveworkedasareadingenrichmentteacher，readingclassicworksofliteraturewithsmallgroupsofstudentsfromgradessixtoeight。Ioriginallyproposedthisideatomyheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterary-mindedchildrenofManhattan'supperclasses-intoalesscompetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants，withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltuncomfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital”couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool，wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPh。D’s。AlongwithOfMiceandMen，mygroupsread：Sounder，TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies，RomeoandJulietandMacbeth。Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromtheexpectedpointofview。AboutTheRedPony，onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman，it’saboutmanliness.”IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth，norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies（独白）readasraps（说唱）,butbothmadesense；theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbeck'swriting，oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey'reallwhite。”Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening，hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening。Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearafteryear，however，weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests。Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglycomplextexts，notforemotionalpunch（碰撞）butfortextcomplexity。Yet,wecannotenrich(充实)themindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts。Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem。1.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph1probablymeanthatabookhelpsto_____。A。realizeourdreamsB.givesupporttoourlifeC。smoothawaydifficultiesD。awakeouremotions2。WhywerethestudentsabletounderstandthenovelOfMiceandMen？A。Becausetheyspentmuchtimereadingit。B。Becausetheyhadreadthenovelbefore。C。Becausetheycamefromapublicschool。D。Becausetheyhadsimilarlifeexperiences.3。Thegirllefttheselectivehighschoolpossiblybecause_____。A.shewasaliterary—mindedgirlB。herparentswereimmigrantsC.shecouldn’tfitinwithherclassD。herfatherwastheninprison4.Totheauthor'ssurprise，thestudentsreadthenovels_____。A。creativelyB.passivelyC.repeatedlyD。carelessly5.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto____。A。introduceclassicworksofliteratureB。advocateteachingliteraturetotouchtheheartC。argueforequalityamonghighschoolstudentsD。defendthecurrenttestingsystem【参考答案】43.DDCAB[社会生活型阅读理解(二)］—--—BAn“applepolisher”isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe(贿赂)，butisclosetoit。Allsortsofpeopleare“applepolishers”,includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody。OliverCromwell,thegreatEnglishleader,offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty，butfailed.Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“apple。polishing”—“soft.soaping”or“buttering­up”。Agiftisjustonewayto“soft.soap"somebody,orto“butterhimup”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery，givingsomeonehighpraise—tellinghimhowgoodhelooks，orhowwellhespeaks,orhowtalentedandwiseheis。Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth，flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit.Weneedittobemoresureofourselves。Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment，asacatlapsupmilk,thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves。Sometimes，however,flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit。Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland。Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣)。Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies,asamanoflimitlesspower.Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson。Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown。Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin。Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim。Thekingwassatisfied。Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatterywas.1。Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“apple。polishing”?A．Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks。B．Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement。C．Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers.D．Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom。2。WhatdoesthewriterwanttoprovewithCromwell'sexample?A．Everybodycanbean“apple.polisher”．B．Cromwellwasnotagood“apple。polisher”．C．GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenot“apple。polishers”．D．Therearepeoplewhodon’tlikebeing“apple.polished”．3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor？A．Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.B．Flatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.C．Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive（过度的)pride。D．Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapple­polishpeople.4。WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore?A．Becausehewassickofhisnormallife。B．Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore.C．Becausehewantedthemtorealizehowwisehewas.D．Becausehewantedthemtoseehowweakhewasasaking.5。Whodoestheauthorthinkthatflatterycandogoodto？A．Thosewhoarepoliticiansorinhighoffices。B．Thosewholackconfidence.C．Thosewhoarereallyexcellent。D．Thosewhothinkhighlyofthemselves。社会生活类TotaketheappleasaforbiddenfruitisthemostunlikelystorytheChristians（基督教徒)haveevercookedup。Forthem，theforbiddenfruitfromEdenisevil(邪恶的).SowhenColumbusbroughtthetomatobackfromSouthAmerica,alandmistakenlyconsideredtobeEden，everyonejumpedtotheobviousconclusion。WronglytakenastheappleofEden,thetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofEuropeans.Whatmadeitparticularlyterrifyingwasitssimilaritytothemandrake，aplantthatwasthoughttohavecomefromHell(地狱)。Whatearnedtheplantitsawfulreputationwasitsrootswhichlookedlikeadried—uphumanbodyoccupiedbyevilspirits.Thoughthetomatoandthemandrakewerequitedifferentexceptthatbothhadbrightredoryellowfruit,thegeneralpopulationconsideredthemoneandthesame，tooterribletotouch.CautiousEuropeanslongignoredthetomato,anduntiltheearly1700smostoftheWesternpeoplecontinuedtodragtheirfeet。Inthe1880s,thedaughterofawell-knownplantexpertwrotethatthemostinterestingpartofanafternoonteaatherfather’shousehadbeenthe“introductionofthiswonderfulnewfruit—orisitavegetable?"Aslateasthetwentiethcenturysomewritersstillclassedtomatoeswithmandrakesasan“evilfruit”.Butintheendtomatoescarriedtheday.TheheroofthetomatowasanAmericannamedRobertJohnson,andwhenhewaspubliclygoingtoeatthetomatoin1820，peoplejourneyedforhundredsofmilestowatchhimdropdead.“Whatareyouafraidof？”heshouted.“I'llshowyoufoolsthatthesethingsaregoodtoeat!”Thenhebitintothetomato.Somepeoplefainted。Buthesurvivedand，accordingtoalocalstory，setupatomato-canningfactory.1.ThetomatowasshutoutofthedoorofearlyEuropeansmainlybecause.A.itmadeChristiansevilB。itwastheappleofEdenC.itcamefromaforbiddenlandD。itwasreligiouslyunacceptable2。WhatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedpartinParagraph3？A.Theprocessofignoringthetomatosloweddown。B。Therewaslittleprogressinthestudyofthetomato。C.Thetomatowasstillrefusedinmostwesterncountries.D.Mostwesternpeoplecontinuedtogetridofthetomato.3。WhatisthemainreasonforRobertJohnsontoeatthetomatopublicly？A。Tomakehimselfahero.B。Toremovepeople'sfearofthetomato。C.Tospeedupthepopularityofthetomato.D。Topersuadepeopletobuyproductsfromhisfactory。4。Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tochallengepeople'sfixedconceptsofthetomato.B.Togiveanexplanationtopeople’sdislikeofthetomato。C。Topresentthechangeofpeople’sattitudestothetomato。D。Toshowtheprocessoffreeingthetomatofromreligiousinfluence。【参考答案】42.DCBC【参考答案解析】B【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一种普遍现象：人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，而且有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。1．D根据“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment。”可知选D项。2．A根据第二段“Allsortsofpeopleare‘applepolishers',includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell，thegreatEnglishleader，offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty,butfailed."可知高层的领导者都可能是拍马屁的人,可以想象每个人都可能是这种人.故选A项。3．D根据第一段“An‘applepolisher’isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment."和第三段“Agiftisjustonewayto‘soft。soap’somebody,orto‘butterhimup’．Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery…"可知选D项。4．B根据第六段“Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣）．”可知国王厌烦了朝臣的阿谀奉承，故选B项。5．B根据第四段“Intruth，flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus,whogetsolittleofit。”以及第五段“Weneedittobemoresureofourselves。Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit。"可知，阿谀奉承对于缺乏自信的人是有好处的。故选B项。[社会生活型阅读理解（二)]——--COver70percentofthe“doublesingle­childcouples”inChinaneedhelpfromtheirparentsintakingcareoftheirownkids,accordingtoarecentsurvey.WomenofChinamagazineandaconsultingcompanycarriedoutasurveyrecentlyonyoungcouplesofthe“single­child”generation，theMorningPostreports。Thecouplessurveyedwerearound29andhavebeenmarriedforthreeyearsonaverage，withuniversityeducationandmonthlyincomeof4，000yuan（$531）.Amongthem,43。5percenthavekids。Resultsshowthat71.9percentoftheyoungcoupleshavehelpfromtheirparentsintakingcareoftheirkids.Grownupasthe“single。child"，theonlychildinafamilysincethefamilyplanningpolicywhichwasadoptedin1979,thisgenerationdependsmuchontheirparents。Theparentsofthe“single.child”generationfocusedmoreontheirchildren’sphysicalwell­beingratherthantheirattitudesandvalues，accordingtosomepsychologists。Theresearchalsofoundthatthe“doublesingle­childcouples"followarathertraditionalvaluesystem.Surveyshowsthat27。5percentofthemgotmarriedafterdatingforonetotwoyears,25.2percenttwotofiveyears，and20percentdidn'ttietheknotuntildatingforfiveyears。Also,30percentofthecoupleswereschoolmates,while43。8percentwereintroducedbysomeone。Sincetheirmarriageisbasedonenduringrelationships，65。2percentofthehusbandsand62。9percentofthewivesthinkthatcompromise（妥协)andtolerance(宽容）arenecessaryintheirmarriage.Meanwhile,21。7percentofthehusbandsand37。1percentofthewivessupporttheideathathappinessisthekeystandardforamarriage。1。Thebesttitleforthepassageshouldbe“________”．A．MumandDad,takecareofmykidpleaseB．Doublesingle­childcouplesC．TheproblemofthesinglechildD．ArecentsurveybyWomenofChina2。WhichofthefollowingisNOTsupportedbythepassage？A．Themajorityofthe“doublesingle.childcouples”inChinadependmuchontheirparents。B．Theparentsofthe“single.child”generationcaredmoreabouttheirstudyandeducation。C．One­fifthofthecouplessurveyeddidn'tgetmarrieduntildatingforfiveyears。D．Allthecouplessurveyed