5 configuring basic s思科和或其附属保留所有权利本所含内容为公开发布信

IPS0/0/0S0/0/1S0/0/0第2部分：配置并检验OSPF路由3部分：更改路由器ID分配第5部分：更改OSPF度量于IPv6网络。OSPF能够检测拓扑变化（例如链路故障），并且能在新的无环路由结构上快速收敛。它使用Dijkstra算法（即最短路径优先算法）来计算每个路由。并使用大量的CLI命令显示和检验OSPF路由信息。注意：CCNA动手实验所用的路由器是采用CiscoIOSRelease15.2(4)M3（universalk9映像）的Cisco1941集成多业务路由器(ISR)。也可使用其他路由器以及CiscoIOS版本。根据型号以及CiscoIOS版本不同，可 1部分:1步:2步:根据需要初始化并重新加载路由器。第3步:配置每个路由器的基本设置。指定class为EXEC 4步:PC主机。第5步:测试连通性。2部分:OSPF后，您需要在链配置OSPF验证以增强安全性。1步:R1OSPFR1(config)#routerospfR1(config-router)#network192.168.1.00.0.0.255areaR1(config-router)#network192.168.12.00.0.0.3areaR1(config-router)#network192.168.13.00.0.0.3area2步:R2R3OSPFR2R3routerospfnetworkR2R3OSPF路由时，R1上会显00:22:29:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr192.168.23.1onSerial0/0/0fromLOADINGtoFULL,LoadingDone00:23:14:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr192.168.23.2onSerial0/0/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,LoadingDone3步:OSPFR1#showipospfNeighborDead0 0 R1#showipCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinter*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnot192.168.1.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2 192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1/32isdirectlyconnected, 192.168.2.0/24[110/65]via192.168.12.2,00:32:33,Serial0/0/0 192.168.3.0/24[110/65]via192.168.13.2,00:31:48,192.168.12.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masks 192.168.12.0/30isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/0 192.168.12.1/32isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/0192.168.13.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masks 192.168.13.0/30isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/1 192.168.13.1/32isdirectlyconnected,192.168.23.0/30issubnetted,1 192.168.23.0/30[110/128]via192.168.12.2,00:31:38, [110/128]via192.168.13.2,00:31:38,4步:OSPF器通告的网络、路由器接收更新的邻居、默认管理距离（OSPF中为110）。R1#showip***IPRoutingisNSFawareRoutingProtocolis"ospfOutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotRouterIDNumberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaumpath:4 192.168.1.00.0.0.255area192.168.12.00.0.0.3area192.168.13.00.0.0.3areaRoutingInformationLastDistance:is5步:OSPFR1#showipRoutingProcess"ospf1"withIDStarttime:00:20:23.260,Timeelapsed:00:25:08.296SupportsonlysingleTOS(TOS0)routesSupportsopaqueSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)SupportsareatransitcapabilitySupportsNSSA(compatiblewithRFC3101)Event-logenabled, umnumberofevents:1000,Mode:cyclicRouterisnotoriginatingrouter-LSAswith ummetricInitialSPFscheduledelay5000msecsMinimumholdtimebetweentwoconsecutiveSPFs10000msecsumwaittimebetweentwoconsecutiveSPFs10000Incremental-SPFdisabledMinimumLSAinterval5secsMinimumLSAarrival1000msecsLSAgrouppacingtimer240secsInterfacefloodpacingtimer33msecsRetransmissionpacingtimer66msecsNumberofexternalLSA0.ChecksumSum0x000000NumberofopaqueASLSA0.ChecksumSum0x000000NumberofDCbitlessexternalandopaqueASLSA0NumberofDoNotAgeexternalandopaqueASLSA0Numberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaNumberofareastransitcapableis0Externalfloodlistlength0IETFNSFhelpersupportenabledCiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledReferencebandwidthunitis100mbpsAreaBACKBONE(0)Numberofinterfacesinthisareais3AreahasnoauthenticationSPFalgorithmlastexecuted00:22:53.756agoSPFalgorithmexecuted7timesArearangesNumberofLSA3.ChecksumSumNumberofopaquelinkLSA0.ChecksumSum0x000000NumberofDCbitlessLSA0NumberofindicationLSA0NumberofDoNotAgeLSA0Floodlistlength06步:OSPF R1#ipIPCostStateNbrs10 10 10 R1#showipospfSerial0/0/1isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.13.1/30,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID192.168.13.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINTTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex3/3,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis1,umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis1,Adjacentneighborcountis1Adjacentwithneighbor192.168.23.2Suppressofor0neighbor(s)Serial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.12.1/30,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID192.168.13.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINTTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex2/2,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec, umis0msecNeighborCountis1,AdjacentneighborcountisAdjacentwithneighbor192.168.23.1 ofor0neighbor(s)GigabitEthernet0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.1.1/24,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID192.168.13.1,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:1 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StateDR,Priority1DesignatedRouter(ID)192.168.13.1,Interfaceaddress192.168.1.1NobackupdesignatedrouteronthisnetworkTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex1/1,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis0,umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0Suppressofor0neighbor(s)7步:注意：PC之间执行操作可能需要禁用PC。3部分:ID路由器ID：1步:IDR1(config)#interfaceR1(config-if)#ipaddress1.1.1.1R1(config-if)#R1#showip***IPRoutingisNSFawareRoutingProtocolis"ospfOutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotRouterIDNumberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaumpath:4 192.168.1.00.0.0.255area192.168.12.00.0.0.3area192.168.13.00.0.0.3areaRoutingInformationLastDistance:(defaultisR1#showipospfDead0 0 :R1(config)#routerospfR1(config-router)#router-idReloadoruse"clearipospfprocess"command,forthistotakeR1(config)#在三台路由器上发出clearipospfprocess命令。键入yes以响应重置验证消息，然后按Enter。process命令重置OSPF路由进程。R1#showip***IPRoutingisNSFawareRoutingProtocolis"ospfOutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotRouterIDNumberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaumpath:4 192.168.1.00.0.0.255area192.168.12.00.0.0.3area192.168.13.00.0.0.3areaRoutingInformationLastDistance:isR1#showipospfNeighborDead0 0 第4部分:配置OSPF接passive-interface命令用于防止路由更新通过指定路由器端口发送。因为它们不需要接收动态路由协议通信，这样做通常是为了减少LAN的流量。在第4部分，您将使用passive-interface命令将单个接口配置为接口。您还将配置OSPF，以便路由器的所有接口在默认情况下是接口，然后启用选定接口的OSPF路由第1步:配置接口 R1#showipospfinterfaceGigabitEthernet0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.1.1/24,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID11.11.11.11,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:1 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StateDR,Priority1oDesignatedRouter(ID)11.11.11.11,InterfaceaddressoTimerintervalsconfigured,oob-resynctimeout40

,Dead40,Wait40,RetransmitoodueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex1/1,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0Suppressofor0neighbor(s)R1(config)#routerospfR1#showipospfinterfaceGigabitEthernet0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.1.1/24,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID11.11.11.11,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:1 Topology TransmitDelayis1sec,StateDR,Priority1DesignatedRouter(ID)11.11.11.11,Interfaceaddress192.168.1.1NobackupdesignatedrouteronthisnetworkTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout os(Passiveinterface)SupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex1/1,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis0,umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0Suppressofor0neighbor(s)R2#showipCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedroute,%-nexthopoverrideGatewayoflastresortisnotset2.0.0.0/32issubnetted,1 2.2.2.2isdirectlyconnected, 192.168.1.0/24[110/65]via192.168.12.1,00:58:32,192.168.2.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2 192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.2.1/32isdirectlyconnected, 192.168.3.0/24[110/65]via192.168.23.2,00:58:19,192.168.12.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masks 192.168.12.0/30isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/0 192.168.12.2/32isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/0192.168.13.0/30issubnetted,1subnets 192.168.13.0[110/128]via192.168.23.2,00:58:19,[110/128]via192.168.12.1,00:58:32,192.168.23.0/24isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masks 192.168.23.0/30isdirectlyconnected,Serial0/0/1 192.168.23.1/32isdirectlyconnected,第2步:将接口设置为路由器的默认设置R1#showipospfNeighborDead0 0 R2(config)#routerospf*Apr300:03:00.979:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr11.11.11.11onSerial0/0/0fromFULLtoDOWN,NeighborDown:Interfacedownordetached*Apr300:03:00.979:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr33.33.33.33onSerial0/0/1fromFULLtoDOWN,NeighborDown:InterfacedownordetachedR1#showipospfNeighborDead0FULL/R2#showipospfinterfaceSerial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.12.2/30,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID22.22.22.22,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINTTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout os(Passiveinterface)SupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex2/2,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis0,umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0Suppressofor0neighbor(s)将看到一条信息性消息，指示已与R1建立邻接关系。R2(config)#routerospfR2(config-router)#nopassive-interface*Apr300:18:03.463:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process1,Nbr11.11.11.11onSerial0/0/0fromLOADINGtoFULL,LoadingDoneR3192.168.2.0/24R3192.168.2.0/24R2R1OSPF邻居？R2R3OSPF邻居？R2R3OSPF5部分:OSPF1步:OSPF的默认参考带宽为100Mb/s（快速以太网速度）。但是，大部分现代基础架构设备的链路速度超过会使快速以太网、千兆以太网及10千兆以太网接口具有相同的开销。因此，参考带宽必须更改为更高的值，才能容纳链路速度大于100Mb/s的网络。R1#showinterfaceGigabitEthernet0/0isup,lineprotocolisHardwareisCNGigabitEthernet,addressisc471.fe45.7520(biac471.fe45.7520)MTU1500bytes,BW Kbit/sec,DLY100usec,reliability255/255,txload1/255,rxload1/255EncapsulationARPA,loopbacknotsetKeepaliveset(10FullDuplex,100Mbps,mediatypeisoutputflow-controlisunsupported,inputflow-controlisunsupportedARPtype:ARPA,ARPTimeout04:00:00Lastinputnever,output00:17:31,outputhangneverLastclearingof"showinterface"countersneverInputqueue:0/75/0/0(size/max/drops/flushes);Totaloutputdrops:0Queueingstrategy:fifoOutputqueue:0/405minuteinputrate0bits/sec,05minuteoutputrate0bits/sec,00packetsinput,0bytes,0noReceived0broadcasts(0IP0runts,0giants,00inputerrors,0CRC,0frame,0overrun,00watchdog,0multicast,0pause279packetsoutput,89865bytes,00outputerrors,0collisions,1interface0unknownprotocol0babbles,0latecollision,01lostcarrier,0nocarrier,0pause0outputbufferfailures,0outputbuffersswappedR1#showiprouteCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedroute,%-nexthopoverrideGatewayoflastresortisnotset 192.168.3.0/24[110/65]via192.168.13.2,00:00:57,192.168.23.0/30issubnetted,1 192.168.23.0[110/128]via192.168.13.2,00:00:57,[110/128]via192.168.12.2,00:01:08,R3#showipospfinterfaceGigabitEthernet0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.3.1/24,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID3.3.3.3,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:1 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StateDR,Priority1DesignatedRouter(ID)192.168.23.2,Interfaceaddress192.168.3.1NobackupdesignatedrouteronthisnetworkTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex1/1,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0Suppressofor0neighbor(s)R1#showipospfinterfaceSerial0/0/1isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.13.1/30,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID1.1.1.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINTTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex3/3,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec, umis0msecNeighborCountis1,AdjacentneighborcountisAdjacentwithneighbor192.168.23.2 ofor0neighbor(s)累计开销(1+64=65)。R1(config)#routerospfR1(config-router)#auto-costreference-bandwidth%OSPF:ReferencebandwidthisPleaseensurereferencebandwidthisconsistentacrossallR3#showipospfinterfaceGigabitEthernet0/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.3.1/24,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID3.3.3.3,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:10 TopologyName TransmitDelayis1sec,StateDR,Priority1DesignatedRouter(ID)192.168.23.2,Interfaceaddress192.168.3.1NobackupdesignatedrouteronthisnetworkTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex1/1,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec,umis0msecNeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0Suppressofor0neighbor(s)度(100Mb/s)的开销为100。R1#showipospfinterfaceSerial0/0/1isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddress192.168.13.1/30,Area0,AttachedviaNetworkStatementProcessID1,RouterID1.1.1.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:6476Topology-MTIDCostDisabledShutdownTopologyName 6476no TransmitDelayis1sec,StateTimerintervals o10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmitoob-resynctimeout40odueinSupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabledIETFNSFhelpersupportenabledIndex3/3,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis umisLastfloodscantimeis0msec, umis0msecNeighborCountis1,AdjacentneighborcountisAdjacentwithneighbor192.168.23.2 ofor0neighbor(s)R1#showiprouteCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedroute,%-nexthopoverrideGatewayoflastresortisnotset 192.168.2.0/24[110/6486]via192.168.12.2,00:05:40,Serial0/0/0 192.168.3.0/24[110/6486]via192.168.13.2,00:01:08,192.168.23.0/30issubnetted,1 192.168.23.0[110/12952]via192.168.13.2,00:05:17,[110/12952]via192.168.12.2,00:05:17,R1(config)#routerospfR1(config-router)#auto-costreference-bandwidth%OSPF:ReferencebandwidthisPleaseensurereferencebandwidthisconsistentacrossall2步:在大多数串行链，带宽度量将默认为1544Kbit（T1的设置）。如果这不是串行链路的实际速度，则需要更改带宽设置以匹配实际速度，从而在OSPFbandwidth命令调整接口的带R1showinterfaces0/0/0S0/0/0的当前带宽设置。尽管该接口的时钟频率和链路速度已设置为128Kb/s，但是带宽仍显示1544Kb/s。R1#showinterfaceSerial0/0/0isup,lineprotocolisupHardwareisWICMBRDSerialInternetaddressis192.168.12.1/30MTU1500bytes,BW1544Kbit/sec,DLY20000usec,reliability255/255,txload1/255,rxload1/255EncapsulationHDLC,loopbacknotsetKeepaliveset(10sec)注意，到192.168.23.0/24网络有两个等价(128)路由，一个通过S0/0/0而另一个通过S0/0/1。R1#showiprouteCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedroute,%-nexthopoverrideGatewayoflastresortisnotset 192.168.3.0/24[110/65]via192.168.13.2,00:00:26,192.168.23.0/30issubnetted,1 192.168.23.0[110/128]via192.168.13.2,00:00:26,[110/128]via192.168.12.2,00:00:42,R1(config)#interfaceR1(config-if)#bandwidth这是因为最佳路由（即开销最低的路由）现在是通过S0/0/1。R1#showiprouteCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedroute,%-nexthopoverrideGatewayoflastresortisnotset 192.168.3.0/24[110/65]via192.168.13.2,00:04:51,192.168.23.0/30issubnetted,1 192.168.23.0[110/128]via192.168.13.2,00:04:51,R1#ipIPStateNbrs10 10 101 R1#showiprouteCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedroute,%-nexthopoverrideGatewayoflastresortisnotset 192.168.3.0/24[110/782]via192.168.13.2,00:00:09,192.168.23.0/30issubnetted,1 192.168.23.0[110/845]via192.168.13.2,00:00:09,[110/845]via192.168.12.2,00:00:09,(R3showiprouteospf命令。192.168.1.0/2465clockrate命令，bandwidth命令要应用于串行链路的两端。R3#showiprouteCodes:L-local,C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M- ,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute,H-NHRP,l-LISP+-replicatedro