钢铁冶金英文课件 devolopment of steelmaking

ChapterIIntroductionofsteelmakingindustryandprocessings

FerrousmetallurgySteelconsumption/person

in1975、1996、2010In2006thecrudesteeloutputhasbeenexcceded

400milliontones

bethe33.79%and46.6%forcrudesteelandpigironrespectivelyintheworld；2006年全年出口钢材4300.7万吨，比上年增长109.58%；进口钢材1851万吨，比上年下降28.3%；全年净出口钢材2450万吨。出口钢坯903.55万吨，比上年增长27.83%；进口钢坯37.04万吨，比上年下降71.82%。全年净出口钢坯867万吨。出口钢材价格低，数量多进口钢材价格高，数量少这样一种格局有合理的一面：中国钢铁进步需要过程，就业、社会稳定的需要，但可怕的是向那个趋向发展？Datain20042371014132006年中国钢铁企业规模现状51496811121516172006年产量大于1000万吨以上的企业9个，粗钢产量占全国总产量32.48%18192021Therearemorethan31universityhavingmetallurgicaleducation.Challengingofsteelindustry

inworld

1.Overplusproductioncapacity2.Lowpriceandlowbenefit3.Pressureofenvironmentprotection4.Tradetariff5.Competitionofnon-steelmaterials6.Attractingthebesthumanresourcebymeansofimageimprovement7.InfluenceofInternet8.DecreasecostandenhancequalityMaintendencyofsteelindustrydevelopmentDecreasingcostofsteelproductionIncreasinghighplusvalueofsteelmaterialsOverallrecycleofallproductsandby-productsinsteelplantsIncreasingthebudgetofRandDRetrainingofemployeeandstaffRegroupingandadjustmentofenterprisesFuturesteelmakingplantsConventionalintegratedprocess:4.0MTPY

MiniIntegratedProduction:1.0-2.0MTPYAdvancedScrapBasedProduction:1.0-2.0MTPYTraditionalScrapBasedProduction:0.5-1.0MTPYReferencebooksforsteelmaking炼钢学原理，曲英，冶金工业出版社钢铁冶金学（炼钢部分）陈家祥，冶金工业出版社 钢铁冶炼，万谷志郎，冶金工业出版社现代冶金学，朱苗勇，冶金工业出版社Basicprocessingofsteelmakingthedifferencebetweensteelandiron

C<2.11%,Fe-C

alloy；C>1.2%,thesteelisnotavailable.

ContainingSi、Mnand

othersalloyelementsandimpurities1)decarburization；2)dephosphorizing；3)desulfurizing.Taskofsteelmaking：Withdecarburization，Thesmeltingtemp.ofsteelwillbeincreased.4)temp.enhanced1200℃1700℃Withdecarburization，

theoxygencontentwillbeincreasedC(graph.)+1/2O2=COG＝－116204－83.62T[1]C(graph.)=[C]G＝21318－41.8T[2]1/2O2=[O]G＝－117040－2.88T[2]

[C]+[O]=COG＝－20482－38.94T[1]ReedThomas,FreeEnergyofFormationofBinaryCompounds,MITPress,1971[2]J.F.Elliott,ThermochemistryforSteelmaking,Vol.2,Addison-Wesley19635)deoxidization

0.3%0.0003%6)alloyingWithdecarburization，someof[Si]and[Mn]willbeoxidized7)Removingof[N]、[H]陈家祥，炼钢常用图表数据手册，冶金工业出版社，19848)Removingofinclusion9)Shapingandsolidificaiton

Basictasksofsteelmaking：1、decarburization；2、dephosphorization；3、desulfurization；4、deoxidization；5、removingofNandH；6、removingofinclusions；7、alloying；8、modifyingoftemperature9、solidificationandshapingThemainsteelmakingprocessings：