2023年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题TheSmithswentintothedepartmentstoretobuythings,leavingtheircar’sengine（）over.问题1选项A.tickingB.tumblingC.turningD.running2.单选题ThetryptophanintheThanksgivingturkeyhad______effect,inducingsleepinthosewhoconsumedit.问题1选项A.aninvigoratingB.depreciatoryC.hypnoticD.lethal3.单选题Becauseoftheirchemicalstructure,syntheticdyesgenerally（

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moreslowlythannaturalones.问题1选项A.penetrateB.evaporateC.fadeD.secede4.单选题Amongallsocietieslegalmarriageisusuallyaccompaniedbysomekindofceremonythatexpressgroup（）oftheunion.问题1选项A.opinionB.consistencyC.insistenceD.approval5.单选题Sheshouldhavebeenherebutshe’s______fluthatisgoingaroundrecently.问题1选项A.gonethroughwithB.gonedownwithC.comeinforD.comeupagainst6.单选题Backin1992,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand....inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael’sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.DrAngristandDrLavycomparethetestscoresformathandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(ie,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses’teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthor,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.Thebottomline,saysDrAngrist,isthat“thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky”.Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept（）.3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause（）.4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsgovernments’packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe（）.问题1选项A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystemB.Edison’spredictionhasbeenprovedwrongC.EdisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreensD.SchoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea问题2选项A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups.B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods.C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools.D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance.问题3选项A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortageB.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffectC.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscoresD.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods问题4选项A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyetB.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogramC.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffectD.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching问题5选项A.biasedB.indifferentC.disapprovingD.puzzling7.单选题Itwas（）thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.问题1选项A.addictedB.allegedC.attackedD.ascribed8.单选题Ifonebrandofcomputeris（）withanotherbrand,theycanbeusedtogetherandcanusethesamesoftware.问题1选项A.competentB.compulsoryC.comparableD.compatible9.单选题Wewatchthe（）oftheparachutesallthewayfromtheaircrafttotheground.问题1选项A.declineB.spiralC.descentD.sink10.单选题UrbanmotorwayshaveprovednosolutiontoBritain’s______trafficcongestion—indeedsomesaytheyhavemadeitworse.问题1选项A.abundantB.adamantC.stickyD.chronic第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】C【解析】tickover进展缓慢；tumbleover打翻；turnover发动；runover复查。句意：史密斯一家到百货公司购物，没有关掉车的引擎。也就是说车的引擎还发动着，选项C符合句意。2.【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。A选项aninvigorating“使精力充沛的”；B选项depreciatory“贬值的”；C选项hypnotic“有催眠作用的；安眠的”；D选项lethal“致命的”。句意：感恩节火鸡中的色氨酸有______的作用，能让吃火鸡的人入睡。色氨酸可以让人们入睡，可见有让人产生困意的作用，C选项hypnotic“有催眠作用的；安眠的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。3.【答案】C【解析】penetrate渗透,看透；evaporate蒸发,挥发；fade褪色；secede脱离,退出。句意：由于化学结构的原因,合成染料通常比天然染料褪色慢。选项C符合句意。4.【答案】D【解析】opinion观点,主张；consistency一致性,相容性；insistence坚持,强调；approval批准,认可,赞同。句意：在所有社会中,合法的婚姻通常伴随着某种仪式,表达群体对婚姻的认可。选项D符合语境。5.【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项gonethroughwith“将（决定的事）做了”；B选项gonedownwith“得病”；C选项comeinfor“遭到（批评），受到（指责）”；D选项comeupagainst“面临，碰到”。句意：她本应该来的，但她______最近肆意横行的流感。这里对流感进行搭配，B选项gonedownwith“得病”符合题意。因此B选项正确。6.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者提到爱迪生的预言，随后指出“weallmakemistakes.”说明爱迪生的这个预言是错误的，所以选项B正确。2.细节事实题。根据原文第二段的内容可知，发动计算机项目是国家政府做的，两位研究人员只是负责该项目的研究，所以选项C不正确。3.细节事实题。由原文可知，作者提出了三种可能性，最后一种的可能性最大。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.”第三种解释是最简单的：在教学中使用计算机并不比其他教学方法更好(也许更糟)。选项D符合原文。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstud