全高考必考语法：介词-有解析

高考必考语法：介词-有解析高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题四：介词介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。它是高考必考点之一。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对介词考查列了一项：介词和介词短语。介词在句子中不能单独使用，只能与名词、代词等构成介词短语，在句中作状语、后置定语、表语和补语等。2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第66题（语法填空）考查了介词短语bycar乘汽车；第74题（短文改错）考查了介词短语withthedevelopmentof随着......的发展。2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了介词短语gobackto回到；第78题（短文改错）考查了介词短语dreamof梦想。2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了介词as表示"作为"；第68题（语法填空）考查了介词by后面接v-ing；第80题考查了介词短语inthemiddleof里的介词of。I.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练·介词考点规律分析：短文改错对介词的考查主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语时漏加介词、可直接用作状语的副词短语前误加介词、介词与其他词的常用搭配、常用介词的基本用法、习语中的介词用法等。语法填空主要涉及介词的选择。介词单句改错之真题训练：1.Billinsistedinstayingnearthecar.2.Suddenlywecaughtsightatacarandsomemen.3.WhenIhavefreetimeIgoalongwalk.4.Whentheycamedownthepolicewereangrytothem.5.Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsincetheyareill.6.…andsomebooks,forexample,booksforhistory,science,cookingandgardeningarealsopopular.7.Ineverknewaboutaridedownarivercouldbesoexciting.8.Itwasverykindforthemtomeetmeattherailwaystation.9.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear.10.Wepractiseforthreetimeseveryweek.11.Wemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminsteadourselves.12.Unfortunately,therearetoomanypeopleamongmyfamily.13.Iwashappywithanyprogrammebuttheothersspentalottimearguing…14.ThanksverymuchoninvitingmetoyourbirthdaypartyonSunday.15.SoI'mreallysorrythatIwon'tbeabletocomeinthistime.16.…butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.17.Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudmusictillfouro'clockinthemorning.18.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.19.Hisparentsaskedhimtospendinmoretimepreparingforthecollegeentranceexamination.20.Ifeelsorrytohim.21.Becausesomuchviewing,childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadingandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.22.Ononeyeartheaveragechildwillsee25,000televisioncommercials…23.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChinese…24.I'msuretheywilllaughtomeandseemeasafool.SoIfeelunhappyeveryday.25.YoucanfindallkindsinformationinjustafewminutesontheInternet.26.ButIhavespentlotsmymoney,…27.…youwillprobablywanttojoinintheStampCollectors'Club…28.Wehavealotoncommonandhavealottotalkabout.介词单句改错之模拟训练：1.Wemustserveforthepeopleheartandsoul.2.Ifollowedthemanforawhile,andsawhimenterintothebank.3.SoonthenursemarriedwithmyfriendJim.4.Itookagreatmanyofphotographsinthemountains.5.InEnglishclass,weoftentalkeachotherinEnglish.6.Don'ttalk.Whatthemansaysiswellworthlistening.7.Thechairlookshard,butitiscomfortabletosit.8.Shewasverykindandinsistedlendinghercartous.9.IaskedtoherwhatshewouldbedoingonSaturday.10.Areyougladtobegoingtobacktoschool?11.Onhiswaytohome,hemetoneofhisoldfriendsJack.12.Pleaseclosethedooratnexttimeyoucomein.13.Thousandsofpeoplegototheseasideineveryyear.14.Wecanfinishtheworkeitherthisweekorinnextweek.15.Wewalkeddownthestairsinsteadtakingtheelevator.16.Wecouldnothaveheardthembecausethenoisefromtheriver.17.Don'tbeangrytomefornothavingwritten—Iwasreallytoobusy.18.I'vereadalotbooksaboutanimals.19.Heinvitedustodinner,whichwasverykindforhim.20.IknewthattherewasnohopeonthemomentIsawhim.21.Don'tgobyplane.It'salotofmoreexpensive.22.Exceptmilkandcheese,weallneedvegetables.23.Onmywayback,IcalledatMrSmithathisoffice.介词单句改错之提升训练：1.Hisfatherhasbeenillonbedfortwoyears.2.Duringthesummervacation,heworkedinthefarm.3.Heisveryfondoffootballandheisintheschoolfootballteam.4.Ihavemaderapidprogressunderthehelpofmyteacher.5.Don'treadunderthestronglight.6.ThekillerranawaytothedirectionofBeijing.7.HelivesonNo.124.WuyiRoad.8.Heisveryangrytohissonforhisfailingintheexam.9.Hehitmeontheface.10.Heisstricttomeinmywork.11.Thebottleisfilledofthegas.12.LondonstandstotheThames.13.Hismothertookprideofhisgreatachievements.14.Therearetwowindowsonthewall.15.Onthewayhome,IfoundIhadlostthekeyofthedoor.16.Wearetryingtofindtheansweroftheproblem.17.Youarerequiredtowriteyourstorywithyourownwords.18.Withwhatlanguagedidshemakethespeech?19.Heisthecleverestinallthestudents.20.Ataclearnight,hewentoutinsearchofthegold.21.HehadanEnglishpartyatChristmasEve.22.Womenshouldbeequalwithmen.23.Heisblindonbothhiseyes.24.UncleTomisfamousashisskillincooking.25.Hewillcomebackafterfiveweeks.26.Hesaidthathehadmetusmanyyearsago.27.Heisthetallestbetweenthefourofus.28.Icalledonmyuncle'slastnight.29.Itisverycleverforadogtosaveitsowner.30.Youshouldbebewaretodangers.介词单句语法填空之真题训练：1．Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.______short，he'sreliable.2．Inaddition________theschool，thevillagehasaclinic，whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.3．Thedictionaryisofdate：manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.4．Myconnectionwithpandasgoesback________mydaysonaTVshowinthemid－1980s.5.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreams_______becomingrichinashortperiodoftime.6．Mostofusaremorefocused_______ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.7.Areyouinterested________becomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract(合同)?8.Fiveyearsago,whenItaughtartataschoolinSeattle,IusedTinkertoysasatest________thebeginningofatermtofindoutsomethingaboutmystudents.9.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat________theirhands.10.NowIamleavinghome__________college.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverIneedhelp.11.Inhighschool,Ibecamecurious________thecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.12.Findanissueyouareinterestedinandlearnmore.Volunteeror,ifyoucan,contributealittlemoney________acause.13.Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda________morethantwoyears.14.Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotakeadvantage________theopportunitytojoinsportsteams.15.Shelly－Annisalittlewoman________abigsmile.Shehasmentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeaboutbychance.16.TheScottishgirl________blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest.17.Janeisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves________halfanhour.18.Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveistolive________harmonywithnature.19.Thewholeteamcount________CristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.20.Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbut________ThomasEdison.21.Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomes________animalsbothonlandandsea?22.Mostpeopleworkbecauseit'sunavoidable._______contrast,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.23.Wetendtohaveabettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappeal_____ouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.24.Thesecommentscameinresponse_____specificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalnewsmen.25.Thismeetingroomisanonsmokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou_____advancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.参考答案及解析如果有不解的地方，留言区提问，我一定会认真解答介词单句改错之真题训练：1.in改为on，insiston为固定搭配2.at改为of，catchsightof是习语，意为"看见"3.go后加for，goforawalk是习语4.to改为with，要表示对某人生气，英语习惯上用beangrywithsb5.去掉for，因其前的get是及物动词6.booksfor改为bookson，此处的on意为"关于"7.去掉about或将about改为that，因动词knew后可直接跟宾语从句，无需用介词8.for改为of，注意句型It'skindofsbtodosth9.去掉in，在由next,this,last等构成的时间短语中，一般可直接用作时间状语，无需加in,on,at这样的介词10.去掉for，在表示频率的名词前通常不加介词11.instead后加of，insteadof为复合介词，在此表示"而不是"12.among改为in，inmyfamily意为"在我家里"13.alot后加of，因alot不能直接修饰名词14.on改为for，thanksfordoingsth意为"因某事而感谢某人"15.去掉in，因thistime可直接用作状语16.去掉about，因about后没有接宾语，about属多余17.去掉on，因onenight可直接用作状语18.去掉at，themoment在此用作连词，相当于assoonas19.去掉in，spend是及物动词，其后可直接跟名词作宾语20.to改为for，be/feelsorryforsb意为"为某人感到难过"21.Because后加of，因somuchviewing相当于名词22.On改为In，意为"在一年中"23.去掉that前的in，was后是一个以that引导的宾语从句，in是多余的24.to改为at，laughat意为"嘲笑"25.kinds后加of，akindof意为"一种……"，allkindsof…意为"各种各样的……"26.lots后加of，lots/alot后不能接名词；后接名词时，要用lotsof…，alotof…27.去掉in，表示"参加，加入"某个组织，join后不要再加介词in；表示"参加"某项活动时，才加in28.on改为in，因为havesthincommon是固定搭配，意为"有共同的……"介词单句改错之模拟训练：1.去掉for，serve表示"为……服务"，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。2.去掉into，enter表示"进入"时，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。3.去掉with，marry表示"与……结婚"时，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。4.去掉of，agreatmany后可直接跟名词，无需用介词。但若其后的名词有the,these,my等表特指的限定词，则要用介词of，如agreatmanyofmyfriends。5.talk后加to，因talk为不及物动词。6.listening后加to，因whatthemansays是listento的逻辑宾语。7.sit后加on或in，因为从逻辑上说就是siton/inthechair。8.insisted后加on，insist后可接从句作宾语，但不接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，遇此情况应用insiston。9.去掉to，因ask是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。10.去掉back前的to，因back是副词，其前不用介词。11.去掉home前的to，因home是副词，其前不用介词。12.去掉at，因nexttime在此用作连词，意为"下次"。13.去掉in，everyyear可直接用作状语，其前无需用介词。14.去掉in，nextweek可直接用作状语，其前无需用介词。15.instead后加of，insteadof为复合介词，在此表示"而没有"。16.because后加of，因其后接的是名词，而不是句子。17.to改为with，要表示"对某人生气"，用beangrywithsb，不用beangrytosb。18.alot后加of，alotof意为"许多"。19.for改为of，为itisverykindofsb的变体。20.去掉on，themoment在此用作连词，意为"一……就"。21.去掉of，alot修饰比较级，alotof修饰名词。22.Except改为Besides。比较：except表示"除……外，不再有"，besides表示"除……外，还有"。23.at改为on。比较：callat后接某地方，callon后接某人。介词单句改错之提升训练：1.on改为in。inbed为固定用法，表示"卧床休息"。2.in改为on。3.in改为on。ontheteam为固定用法。4.under改为with。withthehelpof表示"在……的帮助下"。5.under改为in。"在……光线下"正确表示方法为in…light。6.to改为in。inthedirectionof…表示"朝……方向"之意。7.on改为at。8.to改为with。表示"对某人生气"应用beangrywithsb.。9.on改为in。10.to改为with。bestrictwithsb.表示"对某人要求严格"；bestrictinsth.表示"对某事要求严格"。11.of改为with。注意这两个词组的介词搭配befullof，befilledwith。12.to改为on。表示"在河的边沿"，用on。13.of改为in。注意两个词组的介词搭配takepridein，beproudof14.on改为in。15.of改为to。thekeytothedoor为固定搭配。16.of改为to。theanswertotheproblem为固定搭配。17.with改为in。18.With改为In。19.in改为of。表比较的对象用of。表比较地点范围用in，如：inmyclass,inChina20.At改为On。On指具体所指的一天晚上。21.at改为on。注意比较：atChristmas22.with改为to。Beequalto（相等的、均等的）为固定搭配。23.on改为in。表示眼睛瞎了要用介词in/of。24.as改为for。befamousfor表示"因某事出名",befamousas表示"因某种身份出名"。25.after改为in。表"将来一段时间之后"，用in。26.ago改为before。ago以现在为起点，如：fivedaysago。而before以过去某个时间为起点，如：beforeliberation27.between改为among。between只能指"两者之间"。28.on改为at。myuncle's是"我叔叔家"的意思。29.for改为of。如果形容词表示不定式逻辑主语的品质，性格的话，用of。30.to改为of。Bebewareof…(当心…)为固定搭配。介词单句语法填空之真题训练：1．In[考查介词短语辨析。句意为：那个年轻人诚实而且善于合作，总是在你需要帮助的时候出现。总之，他是可靠的。]2．to[句意：除了学校之外，这个村子也有诊所，也是政府资助建设的。根据上下文内容，尤其是"also"提示，可知用inadditi