简明实用英语汇总

第一单元英语字母元音字母和辅音字母英语字母共有26个。其中A,E,I,O,U是元音字母，其余的是辅音字母，但字母Y有时也可作为元音字母。元音字母是组成单词的基本要素，因而英语单词中均有元音字母，而辅音字母不能单独构成单词。英语音素及读音规则英语的国际音标共有48个，它能帮助我们正确地朗读单词。按规定音标必须写在方括号[]内，以示与英语字母的区别。下列为英语48个音素的分类表；48个英语音标表（20个元音+28个辅音）单元音(12个)短元音[i][ə][ɒ][u][Λ][æ][e]长元音[i:][ə:][ɔ:][u:][ɑ:]双元音(8个)[ai][ei][ɔi][au][əu][iə][eə][uə]清浊成对的辅音（10对）清辅音[p][t][k][f][ϑ][s][tr][ts][∫][t∫]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][ð][z][dr][dz]

[ʒ][dʒ]其他辅音（8个）[h][m][n][ŋ][l][r][w][j][i]lip[ə]tomato[ɒ]box[u]book[Λ]cup[æ]apple[i:]tea[ə:]bird[ɔ:]ball[u:]food[ɑ:]car[e]egg[ai]bike[au]cow[iə]ear[ei]table[əu]boat[eə]bear[ɔi]boy[uə]tourist[p]potato[t]tomato[k]cow[f]food[ϑ]thank[s]sea[b]bird[d]dog[g]goose[v]van[ð]this[z]zoo[tr]tree[ts]cats[∫]shoes[t∫]trouser[dr]drive[dz]

beds[ʒ]pleasure[dʒ]job[h]hat[m]meat[n]nail[ŋ]wing[l]leg[r]rat[w]wall[j]yes分类词汇二ClassifiedGlossariesII）船员职务名称（NameforTheRanksofShip’sCrew）甲板部(DeckDepartment)Captain(master)船长Chiefofficer(chiefmate,firstmate)大副Secondofficer(secondmate)二副Thirdofficer(thirdmate)三副Assistantofficer驾助radioofficer(radiooperator)报务员Bosun(boatswain)水手长carpenter木匠quartermaster舵工Ableseaman(A.B)一水ordinaryseaman（O.S）二水轮机部（EngineDepartment）Chiefengineer轮机长secondengineer大管轮Thirdengineer二管轮Fourthengineer三管轮assistantengineer轮助Electricalengineer电机员No1oiler机工长（加油长）motorman机工Oiler加油(机工)cleaner(wiper)清洁工electrician电工服务部（Steward’sDepartment）Purser(chiefsteward)管事cock厨师chiefcock大厨steward服务员Doctor医生secondcock二厨分类词汇三（ClassifiedGlossariesiii）船舶结构名称（NamefortheStructureofaship）Stern船尾steeringgearroom舵机室deckhouse甲板室Storeroom储藏室forepeak前尖舱NO.1hold1号舱Engineroom机舱starboard右舷port左舷escapetrunk逃生口Funnel烟囱accommodationdeck起居甲板rudder舵练习按下面顺序朗读26个字母ABDCFGHIJKLMNVWXYOPQRSTUVWXYZ拼读下列音标【meik】[rein][heist][weiv][reid][led][tel][red][west][set][miks][hit][zip][rid][wil][i:v][mi:t][ri:l][hi:p][wi:v][main][taip][vain][saiz][wain][[∫eik][∫ift][drai][dres][trai]熟练读出下列各名称的英文远洋船ocean-goingship内燃机船motorvessel(M.V.)

蒸汽机船steamship(S.S.)汽轮机船turbinesteamer

柴油机船dieselengineship机动船power-drivenvesselCaptain(master)船长Chiefofficer(chiefmate,firstmate)大副Secondofficer(secondmate)二副Thirdofficer(thirdmate)三副Chiefengineer轮机长secondengineer大管轮Thirdengineer二管轮Fourthengineer三管轮assistantengineer轮助会话Doyouunderstand?Yes.Ido.No,Idon’t 懂了吗？懂了。不懂Areyouready?Yes,Weare.准备好了吗？准备好了。Classisover.下课了It’stimeforlunch午饭时间到了。第二单元问候（Greeting）告别（farewell）本课学习重点：Togreetsomebody问候别人Tofarewellsomebody与人告别UsefulExpressions只要是朋友都能用的：How’severything?Howisyourfamily?Howisyourwork?Everythingisgood.Quitewell.Thankyou.Justsameasusual.What’sup?I’mok.JustsosoPrettygood.I’mveryterrible.Howareyou?Fine,thankyouandyou?第一次见面：Nicetomeetyou.Gladtomeetyou.Howdoyoudo？很久没见的朋友：Longtimenosee.一般问候GoodmorningGoodafternoonGoodeveningGoodnightWelcomeonaboardWelcometoDalian5．再见常用说法Goodbyeseeyoulater一般用法TakecareSeeyousoonSolong(用于较熟的朋友)约定下次见面时间的用法Seeyoutomorrow(nextweek,onMonday,etc)DialoguesA:Hello,Mike.B:Hi，David.Howareyou?A:Fine,thanks.Howareyou?B：Oh,Justsoso.2）A:I’vecometosaygoodbye.B:whenareyouoff?A:I’mflyinghomeinthisafternoon.B:Well,goodbye.Seeyousoon.A：Pleasedon’tforgettosaygoodbyetotherestofyourfamilyforme.练习早上好，麦克。您早。工作怎么样？还行。家里好吗？很好，谢谢。等会见。下个星期见。第三单元ThanksandApologies本科学习重点:Thanks感谢Apologies道歉Thanks感谢他人:ThankyouThankyouverymuchThankyouforyourhelp.Iappreciateitverymuch我非常感激It’sverykindofyou你真好对他人感谢的回应:You’rewelcome.不用谢It’smypleasure..Don’tmentionit.不用谢。别客气Notatall.没什么It’snothing没什么Apologies向他人道歉:Sorry.I’msorryfortroublingyou对不起麻烦你了Pardonme对不起请原谅Excuseme对不起Pleaseforgiveme请原谅我It’smyfault.这是我的错Imustapologize.我必须道歉对他人道歉的回应：Notatall.Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系It’snotyourfault.这不是你的错Nevermind不要紧没关系Don’tworry别担心。That’sallright.那没什么。DialoguesO-dutyofficerCCaptainAagentO:ThisisourCaptain.ThisourAgent.C:Howdoyoudo,Mr.Agent?A:Howdoyoudo,Captain?C:I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.A:It’snothing.C:Sitdown,please.Haveacigarette.A：Thanks。C：MayIknowyourname?A:MynameisMike.C:Mr.Mike,haveacupoftea?A:HowniceChinatea!IlikeitverymuchC:Mr.Mike,lunchisready.Havelunchwithusonboard.A:No,thankyou.Imustbeoffnow.Good–bye!C:Good-bye!练习非常感谢你的帮助很高兴可以帮助你请原谅我的错误那不是你的错。对不起，让你久等了。没关系对不起，稍等一会。John:I’msorryfortroublingyou.Mike:A:Fine,thankyou.B：It’snothingatall.C:I’mastudent.第四单元数词（Numeral）基数词和序数词（CardinalNumeralsandOrdinalNumerals）阿拉伯数字基数序数序数缩写1onefirst1st2twosecond2nd3threethird3rd4fourfourth4th5fivefifth5th6sixsixth6th7sevenseventh7th8eighteighth8th9nineninth9th10tententh10th11eleveneleventh11th12twelvetwelfth12th13thirteenthirteenth13th14fourteenfourteenth14th15fifteenfifteenth15th16sixteensixteenth16th17seventeenseventeenth17th18eighteeneighteenth18th19nineteennineteenth19th20twentytwentieth20th30thirtythirtieth30th40fortyfortieth40th50fiftyfiftieth50th60sixtysixtieth60th70seventyseventieth70th80eightyeightieth80th90ninetyninetieth90th100a(one)hundredhundredth100th1,000a(one)thousandthousandth1,000th1,000,000a(one)millionmillionth1,000,000th100,000,000a(one)billionbillionth100,000,000th任何非整十位数的两位数，是由相应的整十位数加个位数构成，期间用连字号““例如：39thirty-nine54fifty-four72seventy-two86eighty-six任何三位或三位以上的数字，是由相应的百位数和十位数间用连词and连接构成（也有不用and的情况）例如：491fourhundredandninety-one.650sixhundredandfifty（或sixhundredfifty）3,872threethousandeighthundredandseventy-two.在三位或三位以上的数字，hundred,thousand,million等不用复数形式。多位序数词用将相应基数词的个位数变为序数词的方法构成。例如：第二十四twenty-fourth第一百五十八onehundredandfifty-eighth第六百九十二sixhundredandninety-second第三千八百七十五threethousandeighthundredandsevety-fifth序数词的缩写式，是在相应阿拉伯数字后面加上序数词最后两个字母。例如：1st,2nd,3rd,5th,21st,42nd,63rd,84th,197th等其他数字等的表示法1分数词分数词是由基数词和序数词一起构成，分子是用基数词，分母是用序数词。分子大于1时，分母用序数词的复数形式。列如：1/2onehalf或者onesecond2/3twothirds3/4threefourths2小数的读数3.764读作threepointsevensixfour0.02读作zeropointzerotwo98.052读作ninety-eightpointzerofivetwo3百分数的读法82%读作eighty–twopercent0.75%读作pointseventy-fivepercent4.其他Degreeminutesecond10030’6”tendegreethirtyminutesixsecond练习读出下列数字4959683248963,4561,23434,678391,4562,376,123写出下列的英文表达方式86%76.4315048、17”7/9三又四分之三Findtherightnumbers第五单元时间和日期（TimeandDates）Expressionoftime时间的表达方式Expressionofdates日期的表达方式1UsefulExpressionsWhattimeisit?8:00It’seighto’clock.8:05It’sfivepasteight.(It’seightfive.)8:15It’saquarterpasteight.（It’seightfifteen.）8:30It’shalfpasteight.(It’seightthirty.)8:45It’sfifteentonine.(It’seightfortyfive.)Whatdayistoday?TodayisMonday.It’sMonday.(Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,Sunday).What’sthedatetoday?TodayisJune1st.It’sJune1st.TodayisJune3rd.It’sJune3rd.TodayisJune14th.It’sJune14th.Whatarethemonthsinayear?TheyareJanuary.（February,March,April,May,June,August,September,October,November,andDecember.）What’sthefourseasonsinayear?Theyarespring,summer,autumnandwinter.2.Dialogues1.A:Excuseme,Whattimeisit?B:It’sseventwenty.A：Haveacupofcoffee.Ok?B:Sorry,Imustgotoworkonseventhirty..A:Isee,howabouttwelveo’clock?B:NOproblem,seeyou.2.C-captainS—steersmanT—thirdofficerC:We’llentertheharborthismorning.S:Doweneedapilot?C:Thepilotwillbeonboardathalfpast14,what’sthetimenow?S:It’s14:20T:Ithinkyourwatchis5minutesslow.Mineis14:25S:Really?Letmeadjustit.3.A:Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?B:Threeweeks.A：TomorrowisJuly4th.It’sthenationalDayoftheAmericans.B:Ournationaldayisthe1stofOctober.It’sinautumn,aharvestseason.Adjust调整harvest丰收的练习（Exercises）TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:几点了？2.八点一刻3.九点五十五4.十点半5.今天星期几？6.今天星期四7.今天几号？8.我的表走得准.9.我的表坏了10.国庆节11.收获的季节12.早上进港II．ExpressthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesinEnglish:现在几点了？我的表坏了。快9：30了。2）我的表走得很准。是吗？那我的慢了5分钟3）今天几号？八月二十二号你们在这里多长时间了？2个星期了。5）明天是星期几？礼拜六。第六单元电话礼仪（MakingaPhoneCall）本课学习重点：Callingsomeboday打电话给某人Pickingupthetelephone接电话UsefulExpressions打电话：ThisisMikeSpeakingHello?IsthatJohn?IsthatBridge?Can/MayIspeaktoJohn?I’dliketospeaktoJohnExtension6721,Please.接电话：ThisisJohnspeaking.Who’sspeaking,please?Holdon,pleasePleaseholdtheline.MayIhaveyourname?常用语：Sorry,wrongnumber.Itisoccupied.Thenumberisengaged.Thelineisbusy.CanIleaveamessage?CanItakeamessage?Amoment,Please.Oneminute,Please.Canyouhearme?Couldyouspeaklouder?I’llringbacklater.Couldyouringbacklater?PleasediallaterThephoneisoutoforder.DialoguesMike:Hello,mayIspeaktoJohn?John:ThisisJohnspeaking.Mike:Icalledyou10minutesbefore,youarenotin.John:Igoouttotoilet.What’sthematter?Mike:WouldyoupleasetellmethephonenumberofTom?John:Oneminute,please.Thenumberis86593271Mike:Hi,John,couldyouspeaklouder?Ican’thearyou.John:8-6-5-9-3-2-7-1.Mike:Ok,Igotit.Thankyou.练习（Exercises）Hello,whoisthis______?SpeakB.callC.SpeakingWouldyoumindleavinga______?A.CallB.messageC.telephone3)MayIhavehim_____youback?A.seeB.tellC.call4）CanI____toMr.Zhang?A.speakB.seeC.make5)Couldyouspeakalittle____?A.moreB.louderC.loaderExpressthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesinEnglish：你好，我可以和王先生通电话吗？请问你是哪一位？他不在，你可以留言给他。哦，那不用了，谢谢第七单元问路（askingtheway）本课学习重点：Askingtheway问路Givingdirections指路UsefulExpressionsAskingthewayExcuseme!Couldyoudirectmeto(theport)?Excuseme!Whereis(thebank)?Excuseme!HowdoIgetto(theport)?Excuseme!Couldyoutellmethewayto(thesupermarket)?Ifyouwantspecialdirections,use:Whichisthequickestwayto(thePostoffice)?What’sthebestwayto(thecitydowntown)?Askingaboutdistances,use:Howfarisit?Howlongwillittake(onfoot/bycar/bybus)?CanIdoitin(tenminutes)?ShouldItake(ataxi)?GivingdirectionsIt’snearthe(hospital).Gostraighton/ahead.Turnleft/rightatthe(second)street.Gotowards(thepark)andturnleft.Cross/goacrosstheroadGoover/underthebridge.GoalongthestreetGopastthe（Postoffice）Toidentifytheplace,use:It’sthefirststreetIt’sthefirstontheleft/rightIt’sontheleft/righthandsideoftheroad.Totellpeopledistance,use:It’squitefar.It’stoofartowalk.It’snotveryfar/It’squitenearhere.It’sabout(two)kilometers.It’s(tenminutes)onfoot/walking.It’s(threeminutes)bycar/drivingIt’s(anhour’s)walk/drive.Youshouldtake(ataxi)DialoguesA:Excuseme,Sir.Iamasailor.Ilostmyway.B:whatcanIdoforyou?A:Couldyoutellmehowtogettotheharbor?B:Look,gopastthathighbuilding,youcanfindabusstation.A:What’sthenumberofthebus?B:No.73,andgetoffattheterminalstation.A:Howlongwillittake?B:oh,it’sfarfromhere.Abouthalfanhour.A:Thankyouverymuch.练习(Exercises)Howlongwillittakeby______?A．FootB.busC.going2)Go_____thehospitalandturnleft.A.downB.inC.towards3)Walk_____thisroadtothecrossroad.A.intoB.downC.in4)Couldyoutellmehowto_____theairport?A.runB.wayC.getto5)Youcangettotheharborbybus,andgetoffatthe____station.A.TaxiB.subwayC.terminal6)Youcangotothecitycenterby_____.A.footB.runC.subway第八单元购物（shopping）本科学习重点：Tobuysomething买东西Talkingaboutprice讨价还价UsefulExpressionTheshopassistantwillsaytoyouinadepartmentstore:Can(May)Ihelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?Areyoulookingforsomething?2）Ifyouwanttobuyanythingyoushouldanswer.Haveyouanynylonsocks?I’dliketotryonthisjacketIamlookingfora(electricrazor)Iwanttogetsometrousers.3DiscussingcolorHaveyougotanothercolor?Thisistoodark/toolight.Ilike/don’tlike(thiscolor).4TalkingaboutpriceIt’sonsalestoday,20%discountofftheprice.Howmuchisit/arethey?What’sthepriceofthisone?Haveyougotanythingcheaper/moreexpensive?That’scheap/expensive;It’stooexpensive.It’sabitmorethanIexpected.(我没想到这么贵)Idon’tthinkI’lltakeit.TalkingaboutsizeWhatsizeisit?Willthisfitme?Haveyougotanythingbigger/smaller？Haveyougotthisinabigger/smallersize?Itis/theyaretoobig/smallshort/long/tight/loose.Itlooksabitsmall.Anythingbigger?DialoguesA:MayIhelpyou.sir?B:Yes,please.I’dliketobuyapairofshoes.A:Whichkindofshoes?B:Runningshoes.A:Howaboutthose?Theyareonsalestoday.B:Howmuch?A:$30,15%discountofftheprice.B:MayItryon?A:Yes,ofcourse.Whichsizedoyouwear?B:Size42.练习（Exercises）Haveyougot_____color?AnotherB.othersC.other2）Howaboutablackone?It’s_____.A.outofuseB.SoldoutC.outoforder3)How_____isthattogether?200yuan.A.manyB.muchC.long4)I’dliketobuyapairof____.A.booksB.tablesC.shoes5)It’son____today,10%discountofftheprice.A.saleB.cheapC.discountExpressthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesinEnglish:你好先生，想买点什么？我想买双鞋。2）请问手机有什么牌子的？您想买哪一个牌子的呢？3）能便宜点吗？今天打折。20%的折扣。第九单元AttheCustoms(海关用语)本课学习重点：Questionsbycustomsofficer海关官员的提问Answer回答UsefulExpressions海关官员：Showmeyourpassportdocument.Showyourpassport.please.MayIseeyourdeclaration?(申报，报关)Whereisyourvaccinationcertificate?(预防接种)Pleasefillinthisform.Anythingtodeclare?(有应该上税的物品吗)DoyouhaveRMBnoteswithyou?Howmuchforeigncurrencyareyoucarrying?What’sinthesuitcase?Pleaseopenit.Thisisadutiablearticle(这是一件应该交税的物品)What’sthepurposeofyourtrip?Whereareyoufrom?Liquidsareforbiddenfromcarryinginthehandbag.通关人员：Hereyouare.Yes,Iwillfillintheform.No,nothingtodeclare.Ihave1000YuanRMBand100U.Sdollars.Thereareclothesandbooksinit.I’mgoingtoworkonboardaship.I’mfromChina.CanItakemythingsaway?DialoguesA:Showyourpassport.B：Hereyouare.A：Whereareyoufrom?B:IcomefromChina.A:IsyournameWangHui?B:No,no,WangHua.A:Sorry.What’syourbusiness?B:I’mgoingtoworkonboardaship.Theshipisnowinyourcountry.A:Pleaseopenyoursuitcase.B:Yes,pleasecheck.A:What’sinit.B:Thereareclothes,books,daily-usegoodsandsoon.A：Theshampooisforbiddenfromcarryinginyourhandbag.B:Sorry,Idon’tknowthat.SowhatshallIdo.A:youcanabandonit,orconsignit.B:Yes,IseeIconsignit.A:Howmuchforeigncurrencyareyoucarrying?B：Only100U.S.dollars.A:Ok,Pleasegoahead.B:Thankyou.练习（Exercises）Showmeyourpassport,please.__________.IamfromChinaB.HereyouareC.Ihavenothingtodeclare.Thisisa_____article.DutyB.watchC.duty-freePlease______inthisform.SpillB.fillC.fromWhat’sthe_____ofyourtrip?PositiveB.supposeC.purposeWhereisyourVaccination____?CertificateB.passportC.VisaExpressthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesinEnglish:不允许在手提箱里放白酒。好的，明白你到我们国家的目的是什么。我在这里上船工作第十单元介绍（Introduction）本科学习重点：Introduceoneself自我介绍Introducesomeoneelse介绍他人UsefulExpressions自我介绍MayIintroducemyself?Letmeintroducemyself.I’mJohn.MynameisJohn.I’maseaman.Howdoyoudo?I’mBruce.2）介绍他人MayIintroduceMike?PleaseletmeintroduceMike.I’dliketointroduceyoutohim.John,thisismike.Mikeisamotorman.ThisisMike.船员英语面试基本试题1.

Nicetomeetyou!(很高兴见到你)

It’sverynicetomeetyou!（非常高兴见到你）

Gladtomeetyou!

2.

What’syourname?（你叫什么名字）Couldyoutellmewhatyournameis?（能告诉我你叫什么名子吗？）

答：IamXXX.或MynameisXXX.

Whereareyoufrom?(你是那里人？)11.Howoldareyou?(你多大？)

答：Iam27yearsold.（我27岁）

3.Whenwereyouborn?（你什么时候出生？）

答：Iwasborninnineteenseventy-three.(我1973年出生。)

答：Iamfromlianyungang.(我是连云港人)

4.Areyoumarried?（你结婚了吗？）

答：Yes,Iam.

5.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?(你家里有几口人？)

答：Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily.Mywife,sonandI.(有三口人，我的妻子、儿子和我)

6.Howlonghaveyoueverworkedonboard?(你曾经在船上工作过多长时间)

答：Ihaveeverworkedonboardfortenyears.(我曾经在船工作10年)

7.Whichcompanydidyouserve?(你在那家公司服务过？)

Whichcompanydidyouworkfor?

答：IhaveservedforLianyungangshippingcorp.(我在连云港船务公司服务过)

8.ArethoseshipsyouworkedallChineseones?(你工作过的那些船是不是都是中国船)？

答：No,IworkedonChineseshipsabout3years,and1yearonboardundertheLiberianflag.(不我在中国船上工作了三年，在利比里亚的船上工作了一年)

9.WhatisthenameoftheLiberianshipandwhat’shertonnage?(利比里亚船是哪一类船，吨位是多少？)

答：Sheisabulkcarrier,hergrosstonnageisover30thousandtonnage.(是一艘散货船，总吨3万多)

10.WerethecrewallChinese?(船员都是中国人？)

答：No,theyweren’t,includingme;therewereonly4Chineseinthedeckdepartment.Wejoinedtheshipatthesametime.Whiletheotherscamefromdifferentcou