湖南省湘潭市县茶恩寺镇大花桥中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

湖南省湘潭市县茶恩寺镇大花桥中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Havingbeentrainedforoneandahalfyears,shemanagedtogetaprofessionalqualification

afirst–degreenurse.

A．consistingwith

B．agreedwith

C．correspondingto

D．correspondedwith参考答案：C略2.Thepolicegotto

wasonceanoldtemple

thevillagersusedasaschool.A.what;which

B.where;thatC.what;where

D.theplacewhere;what参考答案：A3.Ourmonitor________aqualificationforanOlympictorchcarrierwhenthereporterscametointerviewhim.A.scarcelygained

B.wouldscarcelygainC.hadscarcelygained

D.wasscarcelygaining参考答案：C4.

Jackiscleverandworkshardathislessons._____.A.SoisMike

B.SodoesMikeC.ItwasthesamewithMike

D.SoitiswithMike参考答案：D5.Themanagerhadnoplantotravelabroadwithmanyproblems________.

A.beingunsolved

B.unsolved C.tobeunsolved D.unsolving参考答案：B6.

applefourhundredyearsagoledtothelawofgravitywhile

appledesignedbySteveJobshaschangedourlifegreatly.

A．The;an

B．An;an

C．An;the

D．The;不填参考答案：C略23.---IthinkWoodisverystupid.Heshouldhavefailedsuchaneasyexam!

---No.Infactheis____thanstupid.

A.morelazy

B.lazier

C.ratherlazy

D.morelazily参考答案：A略8.-________yougotothemovieswithmetonight?

-I'dloveto．

A.Will

B.Must

C.Might

D.Shall参考答案：A9.(原创)Ineverthoughthewasthat

.Heseemedlikeatypicalkidofhisage.

A.uncommon

B.abnormal(新增词汇)

C.unnatural

D.unusual本题考查形容词词义辨析。参考答案：B略10.It'sMary'sownfaultifshefeels_____attheparty—shemakesnoefforttobefriendlytopeople．

A.cutout

B.stoodout

C.leftout

D.madeout参考答案：C略11.—Youlookupset.What’sthematter？—Ihadmyproposal_______again.A.turnedover B.turnedon

C.turnedoff D.turneddown参考答案：D12.TheRomaoriginallylivedinnorthernIndiain______isnowPakistan,andlatertriedinvaintosettledown______theycouldliveandtradepeacefully.

A.where;where

B.which;inwhich

C.which;where

D.what;where参考答案：D略13.TheEnglish________manytimesovercenturiestobringScotlandundertheirrule.Theysucceededatlastin1707,andsomeScots________them.

A.havetried;haveneverforgiven

B.hadtried;neverforgave

C.hadtried;haveneverforgiven

D.havetried;hadneverforgiven参考答案：C14.Thousandsofpeople_______towatchyesterday’smatchagainstIreland.A．turnedon

B．turnedin

C．turnedaround

D．turnedout参考答案：D句意：数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。解析：考查短语动词的用法。turnout有“外出”的意思，而turnon则是“打开”，turnin“上床睡觉,上缴”等意思；turnaround是“转身”的意思。只有turnout符合语境。15.Youarealwaysfullof___.Canyoutellmethesecret?A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.energy参考答案：D略16.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—_____willdosolongasitiscold.

A.Anything

B.Nothing

C.Everything

D.Something参考答案：

A二、完型填空17.Iwasoncetheguideonawildlife-photographytriptotheNorthPole,wherewildlifeis___21___.Aftertwodaysoftravel,wereachedafjord(峡湾)and___22___severalsealsrestingontheice.Iwishedtogetapictureofasealasitcameupforbreathatahole.Therefore,I___23___mycameraandamotionsensorneartheedgeofahole.Attwointhemorning,acolleague___24___us.Hehadnoticedapolarbearapproachinginthedistance.Werantothe___25___oftheboattoseewhatwouldhappen.Atfirstthebearwalkedtowardtheboat.Thenitturnedand___26___directlyformycamera.Themotionsensor___27___toitsmovement,startingthecameratotakepictures.Thebear___28___thecamera,gentlysniffingit.___29___thebearknockedthecameraintothehole!Mycameraandallthose___30___picturesisappearedbeneaththe___31___.___32___,ayearlater,Ijoinedasimilartriptothesamespot.Iobtained___33___tobringaremotelyoperatedvehicle(ROV)andacolleagueto___34___it.Wewouldtryto___35___thecamera.Whenwearrivedbackandsetoutoursearchwe___36___technicaldifficultiesalmostimmediatelyandhadtopulltheROVoutofwatertwice.However,onthethirdtry,theROVcaughtholdofthecamera.Asweeventuallygotthecameraup,we___37___loudly.Imanagedtotakethememorycardoutandlater___38___all149photos.Regainingthatcameraisthemostsatisfying___39___ofmycareer.Ihaveneverexperiencedsucha___40___ofexcitementwhenwepulledthatcameraoutofthewater.21.A.normal B.fierce C.abundant D.fragile22.A.spotted B.ignored C.disturbed D.hunted23.A.lost B.buried C.presented D.anchored24.A.saved B.aroused C.assisted D.dismissed25.A.rope B.sail C.bow D.bottom26.A.applied B.waited C.headed D.rose27.A.contributed B.saw C.led D.reacted28.A.circled B.squeezed C.crashed D.hid29.A.Admittedly B.Deliberately C.Desperately D.Suddenly30.A.elegant B.precious C.fashionable D.festive31.A.bear B.ice C.boat D.glacier32.A.Fortunately B.Regularly C.Naturally D.Eventually33.A.advantage B.information C.permission D.knowledge34.A.purchase B.pilot C.process D.promote35.A.repair B.use C.remove D.find36.A.raninto B.clearedaway C.lookedinto D.figuredout37.A.sighed B.screamed C.complained D.prayed38A.recovered B.exposed C.created D.ruined39.A.solution B.assessment C.donation D.accomplishment40.A.mixture B.lack C.burst D.touch参考答案：21.C

22.A

23.D

24.B

25.C

26.C

27.D

28.A

29.D

30.B

31.B

32.A

33.C

34.B

35.D

36.A

37.B

38.A

39.D

40.C【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次拍摄野生动物的旅行中相机被北极熊弄到了冰洞里，后来经过努力成功地将照相机打捞出水，为此作者感到很欣慰。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾经是一次去北极进行野生动物摄影之旅的向导，这里的野生动物很丰富。A.normal正常的；B.fierce激烈的；C.abundant丰富的；D.fragile脆弱的。北极地区的野生动物种类是丰富的，这里适合拍摄野生动物的生活，选择abundant合乎语境。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过两天的旅行，我们到达了一处峡湾，发现冰面上有几只海豹在休息。A.spotted发现；B.ignored忽略；C.disturbed打扰；D.hunted捕猎。我们到达北极地区是为了拍摄动物的生活，因此我们一行人“发现”了几只海豹，而其他选项不合语境。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我将相机和运动传感器固定在洞的边缘附近。A.lost丢失；B.buried埋葬；C.presented提出；D.anchored将……固定。为了拍摄海豹的照片，因此“我”将照相机固定在洞的旁边。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凌晨两点，一位同事唤醒了我们。A.saved

保存；B.aroused引起，唤醒；C.assisted帮助；D.dismissed解雇。有一名同事发现了远处有一只北极熊向我们靠近，因此他将我们大家叫醒。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们跑到船头看会发生什么。A.rope绳；B.sail帆；C.bow弓，鞠躬，船头；D.bottom底部。为了看清楚北极熊的行动，我们来到船头，其他选项不合乎语境。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后它转身直接走向我的相机。A.applied应用；B.waited等待；C.headed朝（某方向）行进；D.rose上升。headfor：朝……走去。由下文可知，北极熊嗅着照相机，因此它此前是走向了照相机。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动传感器对北极熊的运动做出回应，启动了相机进行拍照。A.contributed做贡献；B.saw看见；C.led领导；D.reacted做出反应。运动传感器启动了相机进行拍照，说明它对北极熊的运动做出了反应。reactto：对……做出回应。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：熊绕着相机转圈，轻轻地嗅着它。A.circled

围绕……转圈；B.squeezed挤压；C.crashed坠毁；D.hid隐藏。这只北极熊发现了照相机，它围着照相机转圈，是要弄清楚这是什么东西。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，熊把相机撞到了洞里！A.Admittedly诚然；B.Deliberately故意地；C.Desperately拼命地，绝望地；D.Suddenly突然地。由上下文可知，北极熊的活动超出了我们的预料，这是很突然的。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的相机和所有这些珍贵的照片都跑到冰下去了。A.elegant优雅的；B.precious珍贵的；C.fashionable时髦的；D.festive喜庆的。此次北极旅行的目的就是拍摄动物的照片，因此这些照片是很珍贵的。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的相机和所有这些珍贵的照片都跑到冰下去了。A.bear熊；B.ice冰；C.boat船；D.glacier冰川。照相机被熊撞到了洞中，因此它处在冰面之下。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一年后，我参加了一次类似的旅行，前往同一地点。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Regularly经常；C.Naturally自然地；D.Eventually最终。由后文可知，一年之后，他们又来到了同样的地方，并且成功地将照相机打捞出水，因此这是很幸运的事情。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我获得了携带遥控车的许可，一名同事对它进行操控。A.advantage优点；B.information信息；C.permission允许；D.knowledge知识。此处表示“我”获得了携带遥控车的许可，然后由一名同事去操控它。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我获得了携带遥控车的许可，一名同事对它进行操控。A.purchase采购；B.pilot驾驶，操控；C.process处理；D.promote促进。it指代的是遥控车，pilotit即“操控遥控车”，由下文可知，这是为了找到照相机。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将尝试找到相机。A.repair修理；B.use采用；C.remove去掉；D.find找到。由下一段的“gotthecameraup”可知，“我们”要找到照相机。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们返回并开始搜索时，我们立即遇到了技术难题，不得不两次将遥控车拖出水面。A.raninto碰到；B.clearedaway清除；C.lookedinto审查；D.figuredout弄清楚。由下文的两次将这个设备拉出水，可知“我们”遇到了技术困难。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们最终拿起相机时，我们大声地叫出来。A.sighed叹气；B.screamed尖叫；C.complained抱怨；D.prayed祈祷。照相机中的照片很珍贵，能够失而复得，“我们”会很开心的，因此大声地叫出来。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法取出存储卡，后来恢复了所有149张照片。A.recovered重新获得，恢复；B.exposed曝光；C.created创造；D.ruined毁灭。拿出内存卡的目的就是为了重新获得照相机中存储的照片。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：重新获得相机是我的职业生涯中最让我感到满意的成就。A.solution解决；B.assessment评定；C.donation捐款；D.accomplishment成就。因为相机中储藏了很多珍贵的照片，因此能够重新获得照相机是作者的职业生涯中最令自己满意的一个成就。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们将相机从水中拿出时，我从未感受过如此地激动。A.mixture混合物；B.lack缺乏；C.burst爆炸，爆发；D.touch触摸。这个时候作者心中肯定会有一种特别快乐的感受，使用burst（突然爆发某种感情）表示“我”心中的感觉非常形象。故选C。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第15小题考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将尝试找到相机。A.repair修理；B.use采用；C.remove去掉；D.find找到。由下一段的“gotthecameraup”可知，“我们”要找到照相机。故选D。三、阅读理解18.阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Babiesborninsummeraremorelikelytobecomeshort-sightedinlatelife,astudyhasshown.

Asmanyasaquarterofallcasesofshort-sightednessarecausedbytoogreatanexposuretosunlightinthefirstweeksoflife,sayeyeexperts.Theyareadvisingallparentstoputsunglassesontheirbabiesduringthefirstweeks.Scientistshadalreadyestablishedthatover-exposuretosunlightcausedshortsightednessinanimals.Researcherswhocomparedthemonthsinwhichbabieswerebornwithwhethertheyneededglasseslateronsaytheprinciplealsoappliestohumans.Astudyofalmost300,000youngadults-thelargestofitskind-showedthatthoseborninJuneandJulyhada25percentgreaterchanceofbecomingseverelyshort-sightedthanthoseborninDecemberorJanuary.ResearchleaderProfessorMichaelBelkin,ofTelAvivUniversity,saiditwasbecauseprolongedillumination(光照)causestheeyeballtolengthen-causingshort-sightedness.Hencethemorelightanewbornisexposedto,themoretheeyeballlengthensandtheworsetheshort-sightednesswillbe.Themechanismwhichlengthenstheeyeballisassociatedwithlevelsofmelatonin(褪黑激素),apigment(色素)whichprotectstheskinagainstharmfulraysofthesun.Inyoungbabiesnotenoughmelatoninisreleasedasprotection,meaningtheyaremorevulnerabletosunburnandchangestoeyeballshape.

SightexpertProfessorDanielO’Leary,ofAngliaRuskinUniversityinCambridge,said“Atthemomentwedon’tknowtheprecisecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight,buttheevidenceseemstoprovethatitisoneofthereasonsforpeoplebecomingshortsighted.”67.Babiesborninsummeraremorelikelytobeshortsighted____________.A.becausethesummersunistoostrongforbabiesB.becausebabieswhoareborninsummerhavelengthenedeyeballsC.ifexposedtomuchsunlightinthefirstweeksaftertheyarebornD.ifparentsdon’tknowaproperwaytoprotecttheirbabies’eyes68.Melatoninisakindofmaterialto___________.A.preventtheeyesfrombecomingnear-sightedB.protecttheskinfromharmfulsunraysC.makeourbodystrongD.protectbabies’eyesfromsummersun69.FromwhatProfessorDanielO’Learysayswecanconcludethat___________.A.thereisnoevidencethatshortsightednessisrelatedtoexposuretosunlightB.whetherlightexposureaffectssightstillneedstobefurtherprovedC.hebelievesthatlightexposurecancauseshortsightednessD.hetriestogivethecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight70.Theunderlinedword“vulnerable”inthepassageprobablymeans__________.A.easytobeharmed

B.resistant

C.protective

D.changeable参考答案：CBCA19.DOGSDRIVECARAuckland,NewZealand

Aftertwomonthsoflearning,Monty,andPorterwereabletodriveanautomobilearoundaracetrack.“Wewantedtoprovehowsmartrescuedogsare,”animalbehavioristMarkVettesays.Vettefirstusedvoicecommandsandtreatstoteachthedogshowtoturnasteeringwheelandhowtochangegear(换挡).Thedogs’rideonlyacceleratedupto7.5milesanhour,andtrainerscouldstoptheautousingaremotecontrol.GOLDENZEBRAKailua-Kona,Hawaii

Zoethezebra’smarkingsarespecial.Theanimalhaswhiteandgoldenstripes.Zoe’sappearanceresultedfromarareconditioncalledamelanosis(黑素缺失症).Herbodydoesn'tmakeenoughmelanin,thesubstanceinananimal’sskinandhaircellsthatproducescolor1.“Only25othergoldenzebrasareknowntoexistintheworld,”saysAnnGoody,whorunsthewildliferefugewhereZoelives.Inthewild,lifemaybedifficultforanimalswithamelanosisbecausepredators(捕猎者)caneasilyspotthem.ButZoeisprotectedatherrefuge.COCKATOOMAKESTOOLSVienna,Austria

WhenFigarothecockatoospotsfoodlyingjustoutofreachfromhiscage,hebuildsatinywoodentooltosweepthetastyprizeinhisway.Thebirdfirstrevealedhistalentwhenastonehewasplayingwithrolledoutofhiscage.Thecockatoocouldn’treachthestone.Soheflewawayandreturnedwithasmallbranch,slippingitthroughthefencetoslidethestonetowardhim.Wonderingifhewoulddoitagain,scientistsplacedanutexactlywherethestonehadbeen.Thistime,Figarop