2015高考英语真题含答案

2015年普通高等学校招生统一考试（浙江卷英语笔 第一部分：英语知识运用（45分第一节：单项填空（200.510分例：Standoverthere you’llbeabletoseeitA. B. C. D. 答案是B—Hi,John.Areyou Yes.Ido B.Yes.Thatwould C.No.Areyou DNoWhat’sJane'sgrandmotherhadwantedtowrite children'sbookformanyyeans,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotin A.a,不 B.the; C.不填 D.a;Haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomes animalsbothonlandandA. B. C. D.Itwassonoisythatwe hearourselvesspeak.A. B. C. D.Studieshaveshownthattherightandleftear soundA. B. C. D.Ifyouswiminariverorlake,besuretoinvestigate isbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.A. B. C. D.Bodylanguagecan alotaboutyourmood,sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.A.take B.throw C.put D.giveAlbertEinsteinwasbornin1879.Asachild,fewpeopleguessedthathe afamousscientistwhosetheorieswouldchangetheworld.A.has B.had C.wasgoingto D. asinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.A.Just B.Even C. D.Mostpeopleworkbecauseit'sunavoidable. ,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoyA.Asa B.In C.By D.InWetendtohaveabettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesor ouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.A.block B.appeal C.subscribe D.comeHowwouldyoulike ifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?A. B. D. Mostofus,ifweknowevenalittleaboutwhereourfoodcomesfrom,understandthateverybiteputintoourmouthswas A. B. C. D. Listeningisthusanactive,nota ,behaviorconsistingofhearing,understandingandA. B. C. D.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduce istotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.A. B. D.Ifsteelisheavierthanwater,whyareshipsable ontheA. B. C. D.Thesecomments specificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalA.inmemory B.inresponsetoC.intouch D.inpossessionListeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit liveisquite B. C.to DbeingCreatingan employeesfellpartofateamisabigA. B. C.in D.at—Whydon'tyouconsideratripto,say,BeijingorHangzhou? Iwouldn'tmind B.Thenwe'llgetthereC.Let'scallita D.It'snota第二节：完形填空（20120分SincefinishingmystudiesatHarvardandOxford,Ivewatchedonefnendafteranotherlandhigh-ranking,high-payingWallStreetjobs.Asexecutives高级管理人员)withbanks,consultingfirms,establishedlawfirms,andmajorcorporations,manyarenow21ontheirwaytoimpressivecareers.Bysociety's22,theyseemtohaveitmade.Onthesurface,thesepeopleseemtobeveryluckyinlife.Astheyleftstudentlifebehind,manyhada23 drinkattheircheapbutfriendlylocalbar,shookhandswithlongtimeroommates,and24 outofsmallapartmentsintohighbuildings.Theymadereservationsatrestaurantswherethecostofabottleofwine25_acollegeyear'smonthlyrent.Theyrecedtheirbelovedoldcarswithexpensivenewsportscare.Thethingis,anumberofthemhave thatdespitetheirsuccess,theyaren'tSome27ofunfriendlycoworkersandfeelsadforeight-hourworkweeksdevotedtotasksthey28.Somedonotrespectthecompaniestheyworkforandtalkoffeelingtiredand29_However,insteadofdevotingthemselvestotheirwork,theyfindthemselvesworkingtosupportthe30towhichtheyhavesoquickly e31.Peopleoftenspeakoftryingamoresatisfyingpath,and32 intheendtheideaofleaving,theirjobstoworkforsomethingthey33orfindingapositionthatwouldgivethemmoretimewiththeirfamiliesalmostalwaysleadsthemtothesameconclusion;it’s34.Theyhaveloans,bills,amortage(抵押)to35,retirementtosavefor.Theyrecognizethere’ssomething36intheirlives,butit's37tostepoffthetrack.Inasocietythattendsto38everythingintermsofdollarsandcents.welearnfromyoungagetoconsiderthecostsofour39infinancialterms.Butwhataboutthe alandsocialcosts40inpursuingmoneyovermeaning?Theseareexactlythekindsofcostsmanyofustendtoignore—andtheveryonesweneedtoconsidermost.21.A.B.C.D.22.A.B.C.D.23.A.B.C.24.A.B.C.D.25.A.B.C.26.A.B.C.D.27.A.comB.C.28.A.B.C.apD.29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.letB.turnC.giveD.believe34.A.B.C.D.35.A.takeB.dropC.putD.pay36.A.B.C.D.37.A.B.C.D.38.A.B.C.D.39.A.B.C.D.40.A.B.C.D.第二部分：阅读理解（202.550分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、DAFromtheverybeginningofschoolwemakebooksandreadingaconstantsourceotpossiblefailureandpublichumiliation.Whenchildrenarelittlewemakethemreadaloud,beforetheteacherandotherchildren,sothatwecanbesurethey"know"allthewordstheyarereading.Thismeansthatwhentheydon'tknowaword,theyaregoingtomakeamistake,rightinfrontofeveryone.Afterhavingtaughtfifth-gradeclassesforfouryears,Idecidedtotryatallcoststoridthemoftheirfearanddislikeofbooks,andtogetthemtoreadoftenerandmoreadventurously.Onedaysoonafterschoolhadstarted,Isaidtothem,"NowI'mgoingtosaysomethingaboutreadingthatyouhaveprobablyneverheardateachersaybefore.Iwouldlikeyoutoreadalotofbooksthisyear,butIwantyoutoreadthemonlyforpleasure.Iamnotgoingtoaskyouquestionstofindoutwhetheryouunderstandthebooksornot. Ifyouunderstandenoughofabooktoenjoyitandwanttogoonreadingit,that'senoughforme.AlsoI’mnotgoingtoaskyouwhatwordsmean."Thechildrensatstunnedandsilent.Wasthisateachertalking?Onegirl,whohadjustcometousfromaschoolwhereshehadhadaveryhardtime,lookedatmesteadilyforalongtimeafterIhadfinished.Then,stilllookingatme,shesaidslowlyandseriously,MrHolt,doyoureallymeanthat?"Isaidjustasseriously,"Imeaneverywordofit.Duringthespringshereallyastonishedme.Oneday,shewasreadingatherdesk,FromaglimpseoftheillustrationsIthoughtIknewwhatthebookwas.Isaidtomyself,"Itcan'tbe,"andwenttotakeacloserlook.Sureenough,shewasreadingMobyDick,ineditionwithwoodcuts.Isaid,"Don'tyoufindpartsofitratherheavygoing?"Sheanswered,Oh,sure,butIjustskipoverthosepartsandgoontothenextgoodpart."Thisisexactlywhatreadingshouldbeandinschoolsoseldomis,anexciting,joyousadventure.Findsomething,diveintoit,takethegoodparts,skipthebadparts,getwhatyoucanoutofit,goontosomethingelse.Howdifferentisourmean-spirited,pickyinsistencethateverychildgeteverylastlittlescrapof"understanding"thatcanbedugoutofabook.Accordingtothepassage,children'sfearanddislikeofbooksmayresultfromreadinglittleandthinking B.readingoftenandC.beingmadetoreadtoo D.beingmadetoreadaloudbeforeTheteachertoldhisstudentsto for B.forC.foralarger D.forhigherscoresinUponhearingtheteacher'stalk,thechildrenprobablyfeltthatitsoundeditwasnotsurprisingatitsoundedtoogoodtobeitwasnodifferentfromotherteachers'WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthegirlisTRUEaccordingtotheSheskippedoverthoseeasypartswhileShehadahardtimefinishingtherequiredreadingShelearnedtoappreciatesomepartsofthedifficultSheturnedouttobeatopstudentaftercomingtothisFromtheteacher'spointof childrencannotlgoodpartsfrombadpartswhilechildrenshouldbelefttodecidewhattoreadandhowtoreadingisneverapleasantandinspiringexperienceinreadinginvolvesunderstandingeverylittlepieceofBGraphscanbeaveryusefultoolforconveyinginformation,especiallynumbers,percentage,andotherdata.Agraphgivesthereaderapicturetointerpret.ThatcanbealotmortpagesandpagesexiningtheGraphscanseemfrightening,butreadingagraphisalotlikereadingastory.Thegraphhasatitle,amainidea,andsupportingdetails.Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext. Mostgraphshaveafewbasicparts:acaptionorintroductionparagraph,atitle,alegendorkey,andlabeledaxes.Anactivereaderlooksateachpartofthegraphbeforetryingtointerpretthedata.Captionswillusuallylyouwherethedatacamefrom(forexample,ascientificstudyof400Africanelephantsfrom1980to2005).Captionsusuallysummarizetheauthor'smainpointaswell.Thetitleisveryimportant.Itlsyouthemainideaofthegraphbystatingwhatkindofinformationisbeingshown.Alegend,alsocalledakey,isaguidetothesymbolsandcolorsused...thegraph.Manygraphs,includingbargraphsandlinegraphs,havetwoaxesthatformacomer.Usuallytheseaxesaretheleftsideandthebottomofthegraph.Eachaxiswillalwayshavealabel.Thelabellsyouwhateachaxismeasures.BarAbargraphhastwoaxesandusesbarstoshowamounts.InGraph1,weseethatthex-axisshowsgradesthatstudentsearned,andthey-axisshowshowmanystudentsearnedeachgrade.Youcanseethat6studentsearnedanAbecausethebarforAstretchesupto6ontheverticalmeasurement.Thereisalotofinformationwecangetfromasimplegraphlikethis(SeeGraphLineAlinegraphlookssimilartoabargraph,butinsteadofbars,itplotspointsandconnectsthemwithaline.Ithasthesamepartsasabargraph-twolabeledaxes-andcanbereadthesameway.Toreadalinegraph,it'simportanttofocusonthepointsofintersectionratherthanthelinesegmentsbetweenthepoints.Thistypeofgraphismostcommonlyusedtoshowhowsomethingchangesovertime.Hereisagraphthatchartshowfarabirdfliesduringthefirstfivedaysofitsspringmigration(SeeGraph2).Theunitofmeasurementforthex-axisisdays,theunitotmeasurementlorthey-axisiskilometers.Thuswecanseethat,onthefirstday,thepipitflew20kilometers.ThelinesegmentgoesupbetweenDay1andDay2,whichmeansthatthebirdflewfartheronDay2.Ifthelinesegmentangleddown,asbetweenDay4andDay5,itwouldmeanthatthebirdflewfewerkilometersthanthedaybefore.Thislinegraphisaquick,visualwaytolthereaderaboutthebird'smigration.PieAtypicalpiegraphlookslikeacircularpie.Thecircleisdividedintosections,andeachsectionrepresentsafractionofthedata.Thegraphiscommonlyusedtoshowpercentages;thewholepierepresents100percent,soeachpieceisafractionofthewhole.Apiegraphmightincludealegend,oritmightuseiconsorlabelswithineachslice.Thispiegraphshowsonemonth'sexpenses(SeeGraph3).FoodMovies$ ClothingSavings BooksWhenusedinagraph,alegendis_A.aguidetothesymbolsand B.anintroductionC.themain D.theWhatisthetotalnumberofstudentswhoearnedaCorA. B. C. D.Thebirdcoveredthelongestdistance A.Day B.Day C.Day D.DayWhichofthefollowingcostAmyA. B. C. D.CIfhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnalspeciesonthisnet.Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun'slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact,eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'stheonlywaytoexinwhatwe'vedonetothenight:We'veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences-calledlightpollution-whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign,whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.Ill-designedlightingwashesoutthedarknessofnightandcomple ychangesthelevelsandlightrhythmstowhichmanyformsoflife,includingourselves,haveadapted.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturalworld,someaspectoflifeisaffected.Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars,leavingbehindavacanthazethatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We'vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloryofanunlitnigh,-darkenoughforthenetVenustothrowshadowonEarth,iswhollybeyondourexperience,beyondmemoryalmost.We'velitupthenightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry,whennothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Amongmlsalone,tlienumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiological,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet.Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing"captured"bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoiltforms.Migratingatnight,birdstendtocollidetalllivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmucasamilliontimesbrighterthannormal,throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjoint,includingtheirnighttimebreedingchoruses.Humansarenolesstrappedbylightpollutionthanthe.Likemostothercreatures,wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare,toourinternalclockwork,aslightitself.Livinginaglareofourownmaking,wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryanculturalheritage-thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsense,lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWaytheedgeofourgalaxy—archingoverhead.Accordingtothepassage,human prefertoliveinthe B.areusedtolivinginthedayC.werecuriousaboutthemidnightworld D.hadtostayathomewiththelightofthemoon51Whatdoes"it"(Paragraph1)mostprobablyreferto?A.The B.The C.The D.TheThewritermentionsbirdsand A.provideexamplesofanimalB.showhowlightpollutionaffectsanimalsparethelivinghabitsofbothD.exinwhythenumberofcertainspecieshasItisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatlightpollutiondoesharmtotheeyesightoflightpollutionhasdestroyedsomeoftheworldhumanbeingscannotgototheouterhumanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheWhatmightbethebesttitlefortheTheMagic B-TheOrangeC.TheDisappearing D.TheRhythmsofDIn2004,whenmydaughterBeckywasten,sheandmyhusbandJoe,wereunitedintheirdesireforadog.Asforme,IsharednoneoftheircaninelustButwhy,theypleaded."BecauseIdon'thavetimetotakecareofadog.”Butwe'lldoit."Really?You'regoingtowalkthedog?Feedthedog?Bathethedog.Yes,yesandyes."Ibelieveyou.”Wewill.WeTheydidn`t.Fromdaytwo(everyonewantedtowalkthecutepuppythatfrrstday),neitherthoughttowalkthedog.WhileIwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrackofhershots,toschedulehervetappointmentstofeedandcleanher.Mistyknewthisondayone.Asshelookedupatthethreenewhumansinherlife(smallmediumandlarge).Shecalculated“Themediumoneisthesuckerinthepack”Quickly,sheandIdevelopedsomethingverysimilartoaVulcanmindmeld(心灵融合lookatmewiththosesadbrowneyesofhers,beamherneed,andthenwait,trustingIwouldunderstandwhich,strongly.Ialmostalwaysdid.Innotime,shebecamemyfifthappendage(附肢)，snoringonmyhome—officecouchasIworked,cradlingagainstmyfeetasIread,andsyingacrossmystomachasIwatchedevisionEvenso,partofme toresentwalkingduty.JoeandBeckyhadpromised.Notfair,I'dbalk(不心甘情愿地做) silentlyassheandIwalked."Notfair,"I'dloudlyremindanyonewithinearshotuponourreturnhome.Thenoneday—January1,2007,tobeexact—myhusband'sdoctorutteredanunthinkableword;leukemia(白血病).Withthat,IspenteighttotenhoursadaywithJoeinthehospital,nganythingandeverythingIcouldtoeasehis fort.Duringthosesixmonthsofhospitalizations,Becky,12atthetime,adjustedtootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.Myworkcolleaguesadjustedtomytakingoffatamoment'snoticemedicalemergencies.Everypartofmylifechanged;nopartofmyoldroutineSaveone;Mistystillneededwalking.Atthebeginning,whenfriendsofferedtotakeherthroughherpaces,IdeclinedbecauseIknewtheyhadtheirownhouseholdstodealwith.Asthemonthswentby,IbegantorealizethatIactuallywantedtowalkMisty.ThewalkinthemorningbeforeIheadedtothehospitalwasaquiet,peacefultimetogathermythoughtsortojustbebeforetheday'smedicaldramaunfolded.Theeveningwalkwasatimetoshakeofftheday'supsetsandlettheworrytracksinmyheadgotowhitenoise.Whenseriousillnessvisitsyourhousehold,it'snotjustyourdailyroutineandyourassumptionsaboutthefuturethatarenolongerfamiliar.Prettymucheveryoneyouknowactsdifferently。NotMisty.Takeherforawalk,andshehadnointerestinJoe`sbloodcountsorbonemarrowtestresultsOnthestreetorinthepark,shehadonlyonethingonhermind;squirrels1Shewassojoyousthatevenontheworstdays,shecouldmakemes.Onadailybasis,sheremindedmethatlifegoeson.AfterJoediedin2009.MistysleptonhispillowwithMisty.As1watchherchaseafterasquirrel,throwingherwholebeingintothehere-and-nowofanexercisethathasneveronceendedinvictory,sheremindsme,too,thatnomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuture,there'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromtheWhydidn'tthewriteragreetoraiseadogatthebeginningoftheShewasafraidthedogwouldgetthefamilyintoItwouldbeherbusinesstotakecareoftheHerhusbandanddaughterwereunitedasShedidn'twanttospoilherWhichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningto"Themediumoneisthesueerin(Paragraph3)?"Themiddle- lovesme"Themedium-sizedwomanisthe"Themaninthemiddleistheonewhohasthefinal"ThewomanisthekindandtrustworthyoneintheItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3MistywasquiteMistycouldsolvemaththewriterwasaslownoonewalkedMistythefirstThestorycametoitsturningpoint JoediedinJoefellillinthewriterbegantowalkthethedogtriedtopleasetheWhydidthewritercontinuetowalkMistywhileJoewasinMistycouldn'tlivewithoutHerfriendsdidn'tofferanyThewalkprovidedherwithspiritualShedidn'twantMistytobeothers'WhatisthemessagethewriterwantstoconveyintheOneshouldlearntoenjoyhardAdisastercanchangeeverythinginMomentsofjoysuggestthatthereisstillhopePeoplewillchangetheirattitudetowardyouwhenyouareinA.ComeinwithsomethingtoB.Preparegeneralcomments.C.Bringmaterialswithyou.D.DontmakethemK.HavenoF.GoitOneofthebestthingsyoucandoanytimeinthesemesterisgoseetheprofessor.Sohoofonovertoanofficehourandhavesomeone-on-onefacetimewithsomeonewhoMlhelpyoumasterthematerialandimproveyourgrade,toboot.Buthowshouldyouhavethisconversationwiththeprofessor?Herearefiveinsidertipsabouthowtomakethatofficehourreallycount: Noneedtogetallbentoutofshapeaboutgoingtoseetheprofessor.Theprofessorwouldactuallyliketoseeyouandansweryourquestions.Believeitornot,heorsheisonyoursideandiseagertoseeyoudowell.Andbesides,heorshehasseenmanystudentsstupiderthanyou,sonothingyou'regoingtoaskwillsettherecordforstupidity.62•Eventhoughyoumightfeelmorecomfortablegoingwithafriendorpartner,theofficehourwillgobetterifit'sjustyouandtheprofessor.You'llgetinmorequestions,thediscussionwillbetailoredtowhatyouneedmosthelpon,andtwo-partycommunicationisalmostalwaysmoreproductivethancommitteework.Yourfriendcanwaitoutsideforthediscussion.Ifyoucan'tmaketheofficialofficehours,mostprofessorsarewillingtomakeindividualappointmentstohelpyouout.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtolandsuchanmodation,though,besureyou're100percentontime.There'snothingthatticksoffaprofessormorethanmakinghim-orherselfavailableforacustomofficehouronlytofindthatyoudon'tcareenoughtocomeontime.Andbesides,theprofessormightleaveaftertenminutes,whichwouldmakeyourtripatotalloss. Ifyou'remeetingwiththeprofessortogooverapaperortest,ortoaskaboutaparticularlectureorreading,makesureyoubringthatpaperortest,oryourlecturenotesoracopyothearticle.Theprofessordoesn'trememberthecommentsheorshewroteonyourindividualpieceofwork-thoughheorshewillbeabletorecallthemafterjustabriefglance65Officehoursalwaysgobetterifyoubringafewspecificquestionstothemeeting.It`salmostnevergoodtostartameetingwithgeneralcommentssuchas;”Ididn`tunderstandWhatyousaidabout[maintopicofthecourse]“or”Icouldn`tunderstandanyofyourlectureslastweek“Muchbetteristocomeinwithtwoorthreeconversation—startersshowaspecificconceptpointorproblemyoudidn`t