肾功能检查1全解课件

仔管输尿管RenalfunctionTest肾功能检查p349KidneydiseasesUrinetests:urinalysisandothersCheapandconvenientForscreeningandfollowing今Renalbiopsy心RenalfunctionsGlomerulus:filltrationTubule:reabsorptionandacidification☆ImagingExaminationImmunologicaltestWhenandforWhat4KidneydiseasesorinjuriesOverallcheckupoKidneyfunctionassessmentwithotherdiseasesDiabetesmellitusHypertensionShockorextensiveburnAuto-immunologicaldiseases☆DrugtoxicityStructureofKidney近端小管曲部远端小管曲部血管球肾小休「肾小球肾单位肾小囊形集合小管近端小管直部近曲小管髓质肾小管〈髓袢髓袢远曲小管端小管直部集合小管集合管细段FUNCTIONSOFKIDNEYExcretemetabolicproducts/wastessKeepthebalanceofwater,acid-baseandelectrolyte☆Endocrinefunction:EPO(erythropoietin):RBCproduct1,25(01)2D3:Calciumandphosphorusrenin:boodpressureregulationRelatedconcepts◆急性肾衰AFR肾前性Pre-renal:休克早期、大面积烧伤、脱水等功能性肾性renal:器质性肾小管上皮细胞坏死肾脏本身:肾小球肾炎、肾盂肾炎、狼疮肾炎肾动脉血栓、栓塞肾后性postrenal:结石、肿瘤、前列腺肥大等尿路梗阻RelatedconceptsStagesforrenalfailure代偿期compensatorystage失代偿期decompensatorystage:氮质血症Azotemia:血中尿素氮BUN或肌酐sCR超出正常范围肾性肾前性肾后性衰竭期Failurestage尿毒症期UremiaStage:综合症候群,“尿潴留在血中而引起的中毒RelatedconceptsCommonsymptomsofAFR少尿期oliguriastageOliguriaoranuria,Hematuria,Proteinuriaandsomekindsofcasts·WaterintoxicationHyperpotassemiaMetabolicacidosisAzotemia多尿期polyuriastage恢复期recoverystageRelatedconceptsCommonsymptomsofCFREarlystagepolyuria,Nocturia,Hematuria,Proteinuriaandsomekindsofcasts·Azotemia·WaterintoxicationMetabolicacidosis(moderate)HypopotassemiaLatestage:asabove,Uremia,hyperpotassemia,hypertension