综合模拟题：2018年高考英语模拟试题及答案8

2018年高考英语模拟试题及答案8

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2018年高考英语模拟试题及答案8

2018年高考英语仿真模拟试题及答案8

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出

最佳选项。

A

（2017•广东深圳一模）

Thefollowinglistincludessomebooksthatcomehighly

recommendedbymillionsofreadersandalsoashortsummaryofthe

highlightsofeachwork.

TheGo/x7fGiver,byBobBurgandJohnDavidMann

Ididn/tevenexpectthatsuchashortbookcouldmakeahuge

differenceinmywaytowardslife.Itsimplyexplainscomplexlawsthat

directmankind,andconcludesthatthereisalwaystruthintheopposite.

DaoDeJing,byLaoZi

DaoDeJingisoneofthefinestbooksonphilosophywrittenbyLao

Zi,anancientChinesephilosopherandpoet.Itissincere,excitingand

makesyouthinkalot.Readitandgetintouchwiththecleareducative

understandingsthatgiveyouenoughtipstopursueyourlifegoalfullof

passion.

TheScienceofGettingRich,byWallaceD.Wattles

IhadmyownmisunderstandingsofgettingrichtillIreadthisbook.

ThebookmadeahugedifferencetomylifeafterIdiscoveredthesecrets

mentioned.Readitanditteachesyouhowtobecomerich,not

immediately,butstepbystep.

ThePowerofHabit,byCharlesDuhigg

Ineverknewhabitsplayedsuchanimportantroleinshapingour

futureuntilIreadthisbook.Itsays,youarewhatyourhabitsare,and

alsosuggeststheproventechniquestocreatenewhabitsthatchange

ourlifestylesandeventuallyourlives.Itismust/x7freadforeveryone

whowishestoformlifetimehabits.

TheRoadLessTravelled,byScottPeck

Putsimply,buythisbookforthepathtowardsunderstandingina

spiritualwaythatstrengthensyourpersonalgrowth.Thisbooknever

givesyoueasysolutionstothechallengesoflife,itsimplysays,“Real

sufferingispartoflife//andleavesyouwithbetterunderstandingtolead

afulfilledlife.

B

（2017•山东潍坊二模）

Anewsconferencefortheupcoming2017China/x7fMexicoCulture

YearwasheldatthePalaceofFineArtsinMexicoCity,Mexico,onDec3.

ChineseAmbassadortoMexicoQiuXiaoqiandofficialsfrom

ministriesofforeignaffairsandeducationofMexicoattendedthe

conference.

QiusaidChina/x7fMexicoCultureYearwillbeanother

Iarge/x7fscaleeventforthetwonation'sculturalexchangeafterthe

2016China/x7fLatinAmericanandCaribbeanCultureYear.As2017marks

the45thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsofthe

twocountries,thecultureyearwillenhancethemutualcommunications.

Mexicanofficialspraisedtheculturalachievementsoftwocountries/

cooperation.In2017,asGuestofHonor,ChinawillattendtheNational

PotsinoFairFENAPOandabookfairinMexico.Andaseriesofactivities

onvisualarts,music,literature,culturalrelics,films,booksandfood

willbeheldduringtheevent.

ArtistsfromtheChinaNationalTraditionalOrchestraperformed

classictraditionalChinesemusicafterthenewsconferencein

Mexico.Dec3,2016.

C

（2017•福建南平一模）

Deardaughters,

Mostparentstelltheirchildren,“Youcanbeanythingyouwant

whenyougrowup."IfeelthesameandIsaythisoften.ButIalsowant

youtounderstandthatadreamitselfcomesfromhardwork,somegood

luckandgoodtiming.Girls,herearesomewordsofwisdomasyoumake

yourwayintheworld.

Firstly,beopen/x7fmindedtochangingyourpathalongtheway.In

highschool,Iwantedtobeapolitician.!leftmyhometownandwentoff

tocollegeinWashington,D.C.There,IdiscoveredthatIlovedtosupport

women.lttaughtmethatI'mcreative,astrongleaderandgreatat

marketing.Asaresult,Imovedontobetheheadofanationalhealthcare

nonprofit（非营利机构）.Becomingamotherwhileinthatjobopenedmy

mindtolaunchingabreastpumpbag（储奶袋）business.NowIruna

highlysuccessfulcompanythatIstarteduponmyown.Inmyopinion,

youneedtofigureoutwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyouare

passionateabout.Keepanopenmind：theinitialpathyouchoosemay

leadyouintootherareas.Don/twasteyourmoneyortime,butyoucan

changewhatyouaredoingbasedonwhatyouarelearningabout

yourself.

Secondlyandmoreimportantly,rememberthatfailureisvitalto

yoursuccess.Iwon'ttellyoutofeelgoodaboutfailure.Failurecanbe

heartbreaking.ButIwilltellyouthateveryfailureI'vehadalongtheway

absolutelymademebetter.Failingthemathexaminhighschooland

goingtosummerschoolwasembarrassingbutI'veneverfailedanexam

again.

Beingdeprived（录U夺）ofthejobforasignificantjobopportunity

thatIwasmorethanqualifiedforbecauseofunfairassumptionshurtme

butIwentoutandgotabigjobatanationalorganizationatage27.It's

okaytogetangry!Takethatandturnitintopositiveaction.

I'mproudtobearolemodeltoyouasamomandan

entrepreneur（企业家）.1hopeIinspireyoutobelievethatyoucanbe

anythingyouwantandyoucanhaveanythingonyourlist.ltwillbemy

pleasuretowatchyourlivesunfoldbeforemyeyes.

Love,

YourMom

D

（2017•海淀区零模）

IntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell/x7fphonesare

thrownawayeachyear.Cell/x7fphonesarepartofagrowingmountainof

electronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.The

electronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditional

garbageasawhole.

Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.A

Swissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoods

representedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisonto

totalwaste,theconcentration（含量）ofgoldandotherpreciousmetals

washigherinso/x7fcallede/x7fwastethaninnaturallyoccurring

minerals.

Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhen

themachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved，the

recyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,inpractically

uncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescape

intotheenvironment.

Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewaste

material,upto100timesmore,thanthematerialcontainedinthe

finishedproducts.Consideragainthecell/x7fphone,andimaginethe

minesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomakethebox

andpackaging（包装）itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducing

processareharmfulaswell.

TheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteis

dangerousinthat“theproduction,distribution,anduseofproducts—as

wellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegas

releasew.lndividualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswaste

atthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.

Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibility

isbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive（动机）for

reducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyuse

toselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?

Governments'incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibility

forthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,

shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubble

wrap（气泡垫）thatencasedyourtelevision?

Fromthegovernments7pointofview,aprimarygoaloflaws

requiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecosts

andthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthe

governmentandtax/x7fpayersbacktotheproducers.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2017•湖南株洲质检）

Americansareobsessed（着迷的）withtellingtheirlifestories.This

phenomenonisn'tsimplytheproductofthetechnologicalworld.36

Peopleareeagertotellstoriesandarefascinatedbythoseof

others.Evenatpreschool，”sharingtime“isacommon

Monday/x7fmorningactivitywheretheteenagerswillsitinacircleand

taketurnstellingastoryaboutsomethingtheydidovertheweekend.

37InmanyAsiancountries,talkingaboutanddrawingattentionto

oneselfcanbeseenassociallyinappropriate.Peopleareoftenunwilling

tosharetheirlifestoriesanddonotencourageotherstodoso.Butthere

arealsotimeswhenAsiansdosharetheirstories.38Asiansbelievethat

apersonislargelydecidedbyhisorhersocialstatusandrelationships,

leavinglittlereasontobroadcastdetailedandrevealingpersonalstories

toestablishauniqueself.

Ironically,themoreuniqueAmericansstrivetobe,thegreatertheir

needtofeelconnectedwithothers.Intheircultureofindividuality,

relationshipsarehighlymobileandcanbeeasilyformedordissolved（破

裂）.Sharingpersonalstoriesbringsthemcloserthroughtheexchangeof

thoughts,feelingsanddesires.39Butthismotivationisnotnearlyas

strongamongAsians，forwhomsocialrelationsaregenerally

unconditional,obligatory（义.不容辞的）andstable,andthereforerequire

littlemaintenance（维护）.

40Americanparentsencouragechildrentosharetheirstoriesand

createopportunitiestore/x7fexperiencethepastwithchildren.Asian

parents,bycontrast,engagetheirchildrenintellingpersonalstoriesless

frequently.Whentheydotalkaboutachild/sexperiences,theyarenot

particularlyconcernedwithparent/x7fchildbondingbuttendtofocuson

discipliningthechild.

A.Theytendtofocusmoreonouterfactsthanpersonaldetails.

B.lthelpsthemshapetheir“selves“andmakesthemwhotheyare.

C.lnterestingly,thisobsessionisnotnecessarilysharedinother

cultures.

0.Talkingaboutpersonalstoriesistocheerpeopleonwithpositive

feelings.

E.ltconnectsthemlikemanydifferentpoints,holdingtheirsociety

together.

F.Sharingpersonalstoriesisalsoanessentialpartineveryday

conversations.

G.ParentsinAmericaandAsiadifferinhowtheysharememories

withchildren.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题L5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（2017•河南开封质检）

Doyouthinkanindividualcanmakeadifference?AskRossano

Ercolini,theGoldmanPrizewinner,whichisconsideredtheNobelPrize

for"41".Ercoliniisayoung42inasmalltowninItaly.After43thenews

ofreducingwasteontheradio,hedecidedtoteachhisstudentsto44

paperandreplaceplasticwaterbottlesintheschoollunchroomwith45

glasses.

Whenhistownannouncedplanstoopenanincineratortoburn

waste,Ercoliniknewitwouldbe46tohisstudents.Incineratorsarehuge

heatersthatburnallwasteandpoisonousmaterials,leavingbehind

47.Youmightthinkitis48thansendingwastetolandfills.ltistruethat

landfills49space,smellbad,andthatpoisonousmaterialscanmake

undergrounddrinkingwater50touse.Butincineratorshavetheirown

51.Burningwill52poisonousgasesintotheair,causingbreathing

problems.Peoplewillhavetowearamask53theygoout.Thesmokealso

causespollution,andeven54thegreenhouseeffect.

Ercoliniwasworriedaboutthe55ofhiscommunityandfeltitwas

hisdutyto56them.Heorganizedtownmeetingsandtalkedabouthow

toreduce,reuseandrecycle.57，Ercolinihasadvocatedthe

zero/x7fwastemovement,the58ofwhichistoreducethewastetothe

leastpossibleamount.Hehasalready59plansformorethan50

incineratorsinmanyItaliancities.60hisefforts,therearemorethan100

zero/x7fwastetownsinItalynow!

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

确形式。

(2017•广东佛山教学质检)

AfterIhadbeeninChinastudyingChineseforaboutayear,Ihad

exhaustedmyoldtextbook.Iwantedmoreinterestingmaterial.OnedayI

cameuponabookstore,and,61(realize)howcheapbooksinChina

were,62(have)theideathatIshouldstartlearningfromChinese

children'sbooks.63wasperfectandsoobvious—whyhadn'tIdonethis

(early)?

Thenrealitycameasashock.Therewasaverygoodreason65

everyonewasn/tdoingitalready：Chinesechildren/sbooks66(design)

fornativeChinesekids,sothey67(general)don'tmakegoodmaterial

forforeignlanguagelearners.

MostChinesechildren'sbooksaretoohard68Chineselearners.It/ll

bediscouragingtoreadmanybooks,especiallythose69(choose)at

random,andallthe“pinyin“islikelytobelesshelpfulthanyouthink.So,

Idowish,oneday,therearesomereallygoodbooks70(suit)forforeign

learnersoutthereinChina/sbookstores.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌

写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误

仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(人)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

（2017•福建闽侯一中质检）

Duringthesummerof2016,1startedreadingbooksinEnglish,most

stories.Iwouldlearnalotofnewwordsfromthesebooks,butIhad

terriblyproblemsmemorizingthem.Ihadtolookuptothesameword

manytimes,forwhichwasquitetroublesome.!realizedIdoneedaway

torememberallthisvocabulary.ltwasagreatachievementformyself.I

startedwritingdownwordsfrombooksthatIread.Iwouldcomeback

fromschool,andthensitforanhourandtwo.Iwrotedownnewwords

andaddedittomycollection.Bytheendoflastyear,mycollectionhas

grownto3,000words.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

（2017•河南郑州质量预测）

假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David寒假期间想来你所在的城市

学习汉语，让你帮他选择培训学校。请用英语给他写一封电子邮件,

推荐一所理想的培训学校，并告知他学习时间、课程内容、食宿、交

通及学费等情况。

注意：

L词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

DearDavid,

Yours,

LiHua

答案解析

第二部分阅读理解

第一节

A

21.Whichbookcanhelpyouchaseyourdreampassionately?

A.DaoDeJing.

B.TheGo/x7fGiver.

C.TheRoadLessTravelled.

D.TheScienceofGettingRich.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据文中"Da。DeJing,byLaoZi"中的"Readit

andgetintouchwiththecleareducativeunderstandingsthatgiveyou

enoughtipstopursueyourlifegoalfullofpassion.”可知答案为A。

22.Whocantellyouthesecretsofbecomingrich?

A.LaoZi.B.ScottPeck.

C.CharlesDuhigg.D.WallaceD.Wattles.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据文中“TheScienceofGettingRich,by

WallaceD.Wattles"中的"Readitanditteachesyouhowtobecomerich...”

可知答案为Do

23.WhichofthefollowingideasmayScottPeckagreewith?

A.Habitscanshapeourfuture.

B.Thereisalwaystruthintheopposite.

C.Difficultyisoftenpartofpersonalgrowth.

D.Weshouldfindeasysolutionstochallenges.

答案C

解析细节理解题。由题干中的ScottPeck可定位至最后一段。

通读该段内容尤其"Realsufferingispartoflife."可知C项"困难只是个

人成长的一部分"与之相吻合，故答案为C。

24.Whatcanweknowaboutthebooksmentionedabove?

A.Theyarealleasilywritten.

B.Theyareallpopularbooks.

C.AIItheirwritersareforeigners.

D.AIIthebooksareaboutlifegoals.

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第一段的描述“Thefollowinglistincludes

somebooksthatcomehighlyrecommendedbymillionsofreadersand

alsoashortsummaryofthehighlightsofeachwork."可知,这些书有那

么多的读者推荐，故它们都很受欢迎。答案为B。

B

25.Whodidn'tattendtheconferencefortheupcoming2017

China/x7fMexicoCultureYear?

A.ChineseAmbassadortoMexico.

B.OfficialsfromministriesofaffairsofChina.

C.OfficialsfromministriesofeducationofMexico.

0.OfficialsfromministriesofforeignaffairsofMexico.

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第二段内容“ChineseAmbassadorto

MexicoQiuXiaoqiandofficialsfromministriesofforeignaffairsand

educationofMexicoattendedtheconference//nJ知,选B。

26.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothe

passage?

A.China/x7fMexicoCultureYearwillbethefirstIarge/x7fscaleevent

forthetwonation/sculturalexchange.

B.2016isthe45thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofdiplomatic

relationsofChinaandMexico.

C.Mexicanofficialsexpressedapprovalforthecultural

achievementsoftwocountries'cooperation.

D.ln2017,ChinawillattendtheNationalPotsinoFairFENAPOand

anartfairinMexico.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Mexicanofficialspraised

theculturalachievementsoftwocountries'cooperation.”可知,墨西哥

官员称赞两国合作的文化成果。故选C。

27.WhatkindofmusicwasperformedbytheartistsfromtheChina

NationalTraditionalOrchestra?

A.Classictraditionalwesternmusic.

B.ClassictraditionalMexicanmusic.

C.ClassicmodernChinesemusic.

0.ClassictraditionalChinesemusic.

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句"ArtistsfromtheChina

NationalTraditionalOrchestraperformedclassictraditionalChinese

musicafterthenewsconferenceinMexico."可知，会议结束后中国艺术

家演奏了中国古典音乐。故选D。

28.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.China/x7fMexicoCultureYearWillKickOffin2017

B.China/x7fMexicoCultureYearCametoaSuccessfulEndin2016

C.China/x7fLatinAmericanandCaribbeanCultureYearCametoa

SuccessfulEndin2016

D.TheArtistsfromtheChinaNationalTraditionalOrchestra

PerformedSuccessfullyintheNewsConference

答案A

解析标题归纳题。纵观全文，特别是第一段"Anewsconference

fortheupcoming2017China/x7fMexicoCultureYearwasheldatthe

PalaceofFineArtsinMexicoCity,Mexico,onDec3.”可矢口，文章主要

介绍了墨西哥"中国文化年〃将在2017年开始。A项作文章标题最为

合适。

C

29.Theauthorhasachievedherfinalgoalas.

A.apolitician

B.asocialworker

C.anentrepreneur

D.theheadofanorganization

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句"l，mproudtobearole

modeltoyouasamomandanentrepreneur（企业家）.”可知选Co

3O.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoffailurealongthewayinlife?

A.Failureisimportanttosuccess.

B.Failureisneverpositive.

C.Failureisalwaysheartbreaking.

0.Failuremakespeopleembarrassed.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"Secondlyandmore

importantly,rememberthatfailureisvitalt。yoursuccess.”可矢口，作者

认为失败对成功来说是很重要的。故选A。

31.Theauthorwasoncedeprivedofasignificantjobopportunity

because.

A.shelackedworkexperience

B.shewaswronglyjudgedasunfitforit

C.shewastooyoung

D.shewasnotasqualifiedasothers

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Beingdeprived（剥夺）of

thejobforasignificantjobopportunitythatIwasmorethanqualified

forbecauseofunfairassumptionshurtmebutIwentoutandgotabig

jobatanationalorganizationatage27.”可知选B。

32.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AMom'sAdvice

B.AMom'sLifeStories

C.BeWiseinChoosingYourCareer

D.HowtoBeSuccessfulinLife

答案A

解析标题归纳题。纵观全文，作者以妈妈的身份在谈自己的成

功与失败。根据第一段最后一句”...herearesomewordsofwisdomas

youmakeyourwayintheworld.”可知本文是妈妈给孩子人生路上的一

些建议。故选A。

D

语篇解读本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了电子垃圾的

产生、危害以及相关解决措施。

33.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat.

A.theweightofe/x7fgoodsisrathersmall

B.e/x7fwastedeservestobemadegooduseof

C.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetals

D.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine/x7fwaste

答案B

解析推理判断题。根据第二段可知该研究表明电子垃圾中的贵

重金属含量很高，再根据全文的写作目的可知，作者意在说明电子垃

圾值得被充分利用。因此选B。

34.Theresponsibilityofe/x7fwastetreatmentshouldbeextended.

A.fromproducerstogovernments

B.fromgovernmentstoproducers

C.fromindividualstodistributors

D.fromdistributorstogovernments

答案B

解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，对电子垃圾的管理

应该回到生产者那里，即以前是政府和纳税人对电子垃圾负责，现在

应该转移到生产商那里。因此选B。

35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Theincreaseine/x7fwaste.

B.Thecreationofe/x7fwaste.

C.Theseriousnessofe/x7fwaste.

D.Themanagementofe/x7fwaste.

答案D

解析主旨大意题。文章前半部分指出了电子垃圾的数量在不断

增加及其危害，后半部分提出了如何处理这些垃圾，由此可推知，如

何处理电子垃圾是文章的主旨，因此选D。

第二节

36.答案F

解析根据空后的"Evenatpreschool,'sharingtime'isacommon

Monday/x7fmorningactivity..."以及"...somethingtheydidoverthe

weekend",这些都是围绕"sharingpersonalstories"的话题展开的，周

一开晨会讲述周末的活动是日常对话的构成部分，因此选Fo

37.答案C

解析根据空后的"InmanyAsiancountries,talkingaboutand

drawingattentiontooneselfcanbeseenassociallyinappropriate.”可矢口,

该段落主要是对比美国和亚洲国家的文化差异。C项中的"sharedin

othercultures”与之相对应。所以选C。

38.答案A

解析根据空后的"Asiansbelievethatapersonislargelydecided

byhisorhersocialstatusandrelationships...”可知，在亚洲，人的社会

地位和关系很大程度上决定了个人，即使分享故事也倾向于一些外在

的事实，而不会过多谈及个人的细节。A项与之相符。因此选A。

39.答案E

解析根据空前的"Sharingpersonalstoriesbringsthemcloser

throughtheexchangeofthoughts...”可知,关键的信息是bringsthem

closer,E项中的“holdingtheirsocietytogether”与之属于同一个范畴。

因此选Eo

40.答案G

解析根据空后的"Americanparentsencourage...Asianparents,

bycontrast…”可知，该段落对比了美国和亚洲国家的父母和小孩一起

分享彼此故事的不同之处。因此选G。

第三部分

第一节

语篇解读面对很多城市建立垃圾焚烧炉的计划，埃尔科利尼通

过自己的努力让人们认识到焚烧垃圾的危害，并且通过倡导“零废弃

物运动"使环境变得更加美好，他的努力终于得到了回报。

41.A.PeaceB.Environment

C.MedicineD.Literature

答案B

解析根据下文可知，埃尔科利尼在收音机上听到减少废弃物的

新闻后，开始在课堂上教育学生做和环保有关的事情：教学生再利用

纸张、用可重复使用的玻璃杯代替塑料杯等。由此可知，这个奖项是

和保护环境(Environment)有关。故选B项。peace和平;medicine药

品;literature文学。

42.A.teacherB.farmer

C.trainerD.gardener

答案A

解析根据下文的"hedecidedtoteachhisstudents...”可知，埃尔

科利尼是一位教师(teacher)。

43.A.watchingB.reading

C.hearingD.making

答案C

解析根据空后的"ontheradio"可知，他是通过收音机听到

(hearing)减少废弃物这一消息的。

44.A.foldB.roll

C.tearD.recycle

答案D

解析从空前的reducingwaste及空后的replaceplasticwater

bottles可知，此处应指他教学生再利用纸张。fold折叠，折起;roll滚

动，翻转;tear撕扯，扯破;recycle再利用，回收使用。根据语境可知

选D项。

45.A.coloredB.reusable

C.thickD.valuable

答案B

解析本文的主题和“环保”相关，且根据replace可知，此处指

用可重复使用的(reusable)玻璃杯代替塑料杯。故选B项。colored有

色的;thick厚的;valuable贵重的，有价值的。

46.A.harmfulB.necessary

C.suitableD.convenient

答案A

解析根据下文的"burnallwasteandpoisonousmaterials"可知，

焚烧废弃物和有毒物质对学生是有害的(harmful)。故选A项。necessary

必需的;suitable合适的，适当的;convenient方便的，便利的。

47.A.rockB.sand

C.waterD.ash

答案D

解析由常识可知，垃圾焚烧之后留下的是灰，所以选ash,而

不是rock（岩石）、sand（沙子）或者water（水）。

48.A.worseB.harder

C.betterD.further

答案C

解析下文介绍的是垃圾填埋的坏处：垃圾填埋场占空间、污染

空气、污染水源等，所以此处是说你可能会认为焚烧垃圾要比把它们

送到垃圾填埋场更好（better）。故选C项。

49.A.addB.fillin

C.createD.takeup

答案D

解析根据常识可知，垃圾填埋场会占空间。takeup意为"占据

（一定的时间或空间）”,符合语境。add增加;fillin填充;create创造。

50.A.unsafeB.simple

C.regularD.illegal

答案A

解析根据常识可知，有毒的垃圾填埋会使得饮用水变得不安全

(unsafe)osimple简单的;regular有规律的;illegal非法的。

51.A.difficultiesB.disadvantages

C.advantagesD.improvements

答案B

解析根据下文的"Burningwillpoisonousgasesintotheair,

causingbreathingproblems"及"Thesmokealsocausespollution”可知，

此处应指焚烧垃圾的坏处(disadvantages)。故选B项。difficulty困

难;advantage优势;improvement改善。

52.A.giveoutB.givein

C.giveoffD.giveup

答案C

解析根据常识可知，焚烧垃圾会释放出毒气。giveout分发,

发出（光、热或信号）;givein屈服，让步;giveoff发出（气味、光、热等）,

释放;giveup放弃。根据语境可知选C项。

53.A.whateverB.wherever

C.howeverD.whenever

答案D

解析空中弥漫毒气，无论什么时候出门，都需要戴口罩加以保

护。根据语境可知，此处表示“无论什么时候〃，故选whenever。

54.A.reducesB.worsens

C.suffersD.measures

答案B

解析焚烧垃圾产生的烟雾也会造成污染，even表程度，因此，

此处指甚至会加剧温室效应。reduce减少;worsen（使）变得更差，（使）

恶化;suffer忍受，遭受;measure测量，估量。根据语境可知选B项。

55.A.healthB.development

C.justiceD.employment

答案A

解析上文提到焚烧垃圾有很多危害，因此，此处指埃尔科利尼

担心社区人民的健康（health）,感觉对他们进行环保教育是自己的责

任。故选A项。development发育，成长，发展曾ustice公平，正

义;employment受雇，雇用。

56.A.praiseB.support

C.educateD.entertain

答案c

解析根据上文可知，他是一名教师，再结合下一句"He

organizedtownmeetingsandtalkedabouthowtoreduce,reuseand

recycle."可知，此处指教育他们。praise表扬;support支持;educate教

育;entertain（使）娱乐。根据语境可知选C项。

57.A.AnyhowB.However

C.OtherwiseD.Moreover

答案D

解析空后的"倡导零废弃物运动〃和上文的“对社区人民进行教

育”是递进关系，所以选moreover,意为“此外，而且〃。

58.A.goalB.reason

C.truthD.problem

答案A

解析空后的“toreducethewastetotheleastpossibleamount”

是零废弃物运动的目标(goal)。故选A项。reason原因，理由;truth事

实，真相;problem问题，困难。

59.A.discussedB.defeated

C.preparedD.suggested

答案B

解析根据下文可知，由于他的努力，很多城市建造垃圾焚烧炉

的计划取消了。defeat使......失败，符合语境。discuss讨论;prepare

准备;suggest建议，暗示。

60.A.AlongwithB.Exceptfor

C.ThankstoD.lnsteadof

答案C