【实用资料】中国铁路发展定稿PPT

中国铁路发展定稿

TeachingObjectives

ReadingThrough

Unit1

RailwayDevelopmentCONTENTSExercisesStudentswillbeableto:getanoverallknowledgeofrailwaydevelopmentinChinamastersomekeywordsandexpressionsinthetextunderstandsomeimportantsentences.Teaching

ObjectivesReadingALead-inQuestionsWordsandExpressionsTextLanguagePointsExercisesReadingThroughLeading-inQuestionsBeforereadingthepassage,seehowmuchyouknowaboutrailwaydevelopmentbyansweringthefollowingquestions.1.CanyounamesomeoftheearliestrailwaysinChina?2.Whatdoyouknowabouttherolerailtransportplaysintoday’sChina?Words&ExpressionsWords&ExpressionsmodetransportationtraverseMacau

wagon

trillion

allocatecapacityindigenously

terrain

establishmententitymultipletrackelectrifiedfold

respectively

onaglobalbasis

intermsof

Railtransportisthemostcommonlyusedmodeoflong-distancetransportationinChina.AlmostallrailoperationsarehandledbytheMinistryofRailways,whichispartoftheStateCouncilofChina.Bytheendof,theoperatingrailnetworktraversesthelengthandbreadthofthecountry,coveringatotallengthof91,000km,makingonlytherailnetworksintheUnitedStatesandRussialargerinsize.Asof,ChineseRailwayownedabout603,082wagons,49,355coachesand18,922locomotivesandranmorethan38,000trainsdaily,includingabout3,500passengertrains.Thenetworktodayservesallprovinces,withtheexceptionofthespecialadministrativeregionofMacau.ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChineseAsofOctober,theChineseStateCouncilapprovedanewCNY2trillionrailwayinvestmentplantotakeitupto.TheschemeextendedChina'spreviouslyannouncedrailwaybuildingprogram,whichwasallocatedCNY1.25trillionintheEleventhFive-YearPlanfor2006to.Asaresultoftheincreasedinvestment,thecountry'srailwaynetworkgrewfrom78,000kmattheendof2007to91,000kmattheendof,Growthinfreighttransportwasthoughttobeoneofthedriversbehindtheincreasedfocusonrail,andtheneedtoincreasecapacitytomeetrisingdemand.ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChineseThefirstrailroadtobebuiltinChinawastheWoosungRailwayin1876.By1911,therewerearound9,000kmoftracksinChina.However,manyrailwaysweredesigned,constructed,orevenownedbyforeigncompanies.ThefirstindigenouslydesignedandconstructedrailwaybyChineseistheJingzhangrailwaybuiltfrom1905to1909,adifficultjobduetothemountainousterrain.ThechiefengineerofthisrailwaywasZhanTianyou,whoisknownastheFatherofChina'sRailway.ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChineseAftertheestablishmentofnewChina,thenewgovernmentinvestedheavilyintherailwaynetwork.Fromthe1950stothe70s,lines,especiallythoseinwesternChina,wereexpanded.Oneexampleisthe1900kmrailwayfromLanzhoutoUrumqi,whichwasbuiltbetween1952and1962.InSouthwesternChina,severalmountainrailwayswereconstructed,suchastheBaoji-ChengduRailway,builtinthe1950s,andtheChengkunRailway,builtinthe1970s.TherailwaytoXizang(Tibet),theQingzangrailway,wasoneofthemostdifficulttobuild;thelinewasfinallycompletedandopenedtothepublicin2006.Today,everyprovince-levelentityofChina,withtheexceptionofMacau,isconnectedtotherailwaynetwork.ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChineseNotonlyhastheChineserailwaynetworkexpandedinsizesince1949,butithasalsoseengreattechnologicaladvances.From1990to2001,onaveragesome1,092kmofnewrailways,837kmofmultipletrack,and962kmofelectrifiedfold,1.7-foldand1.8-foldincreasesrespectivelyovertheprevious10years.Attheendof2004,railwaysinoperationreached74,200km,including24,100kmofmultipletrackand18,900kmofelectrifiedrailways.Bytheendof,thetotallengthofChina’soperatingrailwayshasreached110,000kmandisexpectedtogrowto120,000kmbytheendofaccordingtotheDevelopmentPlanofChina’sNationalRailwaysduringthe12thFive-YearPlan.Para.5&6ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChineseMoreover,ChinanowboaststheNumberOneHigh-speedRailwayNetworkintheworld.Onaglobalbasis,China'srailtransportvolumeisoneoftheworld'slargest,havingsixpercentoftheworld'soperatingrailways,andcarrying25percentoftheworld'stotalrailwayworkload.Chinaalsoleadsintermsof

thegrowthrateoftransportvolumeanduseoftransportequipment.Para.6ChinaRailwayDevelopmentReadingAChinesemode

n.

aparticularwayofdoingsth.交流方式行为模式

amodeofcommunicationamodeofbehavioure.g.environment-friendlymodesoftransport

环保型的运输模式ExercisesLanguagePoints

transportation(transport)

n.

asystemforcarryingpeopleforgoodsfromoneplacetoanotherusingvehicles

公共交通运输系统publictransportatione.g.Thecityisprovidingfreetransportationtothestadiumfromdowntown.本市现在提供从市中心到体育场的免费交通。ExercisesLanguagePoints

traverse

v.

(formal)tocrossanareaoflandorwater

e.g.Wetraversethedesertbytruck.我们乘卡车横穿沙漠。LanguagePointsExercises我走过狭窄的人行天桥。Itraversedthenarrowpedestrianbridge.

wagonn.

arailwaytruckforcarryinggoods

e.g.Don’toverloadawagon.不要使货车装载过重。LanguagePoints一辆长长的货车沿着山坡蜿蜒而行。Alongwagontrainissnakingitswayalongtheslope.Exercises

allocatev.

togivesth.officiallytosb./sth.foraparticularpurpose

a.allocable可分配的；n.allocation分配

e.g.Theyintendtoallocatemoreplacestomaturestudentsthisyear.

今年他们打算给成人学生提供更多的名额.LanguagePoints已划拨了一大笔款项给图书馆购买新书.Alargesumofmoneyhasbeenallocatedforbuyingnewbooksforthelibrary.Exercises

capacityn.

theabilitytounderstandortodosth.能力

vt.capacitate使能够

e.g.Limitedresourcesarerestrictingourcapacityfordevelopingnewproducts.

有限的资源正制约着我们开发新产品的能力.LanguagePoints她特别能吃苦耐劳.Shehasanenormouscapacityforhardwork.Exercises

indigenouslyadv.

belongingtoaparticularplaceratherthancomingtoitfromsomewhereelse

e.g.GiantpandaisindigenouslylivinginChina.大熊猫原产于中国。LanguagePointsa.indigenous本土的，当地的indigenously-developed自主研发的

terrainn.

anareaoflandaboutitsnaturalfeatures

e.g.Hehadmadeadetailedstudyoftheterrain.他对地形做了缜密的研究。LanguagePoints多山地形Exercisesmountainousterrain

establishmentn.

theactofstartingorcreatingsth.

e.g.theestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenthecountries国家间外交关系的建立LanguagePoints发言人宣布了新学院的成立。Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishmentofanewcollege.Exercises

entityn.

(formal)sth.thatexistsseparatelyfromotherthingsandhasitsownidentity

e.g.Thesecountriescannolongerbeviewedasasingleentity.这些国家不能再被看成是一个单独的实体。LanguagePoints作为一个独立的法律实体，公司必须纳税。Asaseparatelegalentity,corporationsmustpaytaxes.ExercisesZhanTianYouwasagreatrailwayengineerinChina.(formal)sth.theestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenthecountriesmodetransportationtraversetransportvolume-foldsuffix.constructed这条铁路的总工程师是詹天佑，他被誉为“中国铁路之父”。LanguagePointsallocable可分配的；不仅中国铁路网自49年以来得到了扩大，中国也在铁路技术方面取得了巨大的进步。Studentswillbeableto:Asaresultoftheincreasedinvestment,thecountry'srailwaynetworkgrewfrom78,000kmattheendof2007to91,000kmattheendof,Growthinfreighttransportwasthoughttobeoneofthedriversbehindtheincreasedfocusonrail,andtheneedtoincreasecapacitytomeetrisingdemand.Thenetworktodayservesallprovinces,withtheexceptionofthespecialadministrativeregionofMacau.Beforereadingthepassage,seehowmuchyouknowaboutrailwaydevelopmentbyansweringthefollowingquestions.electrifiedadj.

tomakesth.workbyusingelectricityLanguagePoints这条铁路在20世纪50年代就实现了电气化。Therailwaylinewaselectrifiedinthe1950s.-foldsuffix.

multipliedbye.g.Bythelateeighties,theirnumberhadgrownfourfold.到八十年代末的时候，他们的数量已是原来的四倍。LanguagePoints税前利润几乎涨到了原来的12倍。Pretaxprofitsurgedalmosttwelvefold.ExercisesZhanTianYouwasagreatrailwayengineerinChina.25trillionintheEleventhFive-YearPlanfor2006to.LanguagePointsLanguagePointstransportvolumeThefirstrailroadtobebuiltinChinawastheWoosungRailwayin1876.Oneexampleisthe1900kmrailwayfromLanzhoutoUrumqi,whichwasbuiltbetween1952and1962.Chinaalsoleadsintermsofthegrowthrateoftransportvolumeanduseoftransportequipment.establishmentinthesameorderasthepeopleorthingsalreadymentioned我们乘卡车横穿沙漠。onaglobalbasisthatexistsseparatelyfromotherthingsandhasitsownidentitytransportvolumeStudentswillbeableto:mutipletrackrespectivelyadv.

inthesameorderasthepeopleorthingsalreadymentionede.g.JulieandMark,aged17and19respectively.朱莉和马克，年龄分别为17岁和19岁。LanguagePointsTworespectableteachersenteredtheirofficesrespectively..Exercises两位值得尊敬的老师进入各自的办公室。

intermsof

usedwhenyouarereferringtoaparticularaspectofsth.

e.g.Whatdoesitmeanintermsofcost?这在成本上意味着什么？LanguagePointsExercisesItcan’tbemeasuredintermsofmoney.这是不能用金钱衡量的。1.铁路运输是中华人民共和国使用最普遍的长途运输方式。作为中国国务院的政府部门，铁道部负责几乎所有的铁路运营。到年底，中国铁路运营网横贯全国，总里程达到91,000公里，使之成为继和俄罗斯之后规模第三大铁路网。年，中国铁路拥有约603，082辆货车，49,355节车厢，18,922辆机车，每日运行38,000次列车，包括约3，500列旅客列车。除了澳门特别行政区之外，现行的网络服务所有的省份。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA年10月，中国国务院批准了实施到年的一个新的规模达到2万亿元的铁路方案。这一新的计划扩大了以前宣布的2006至年第十一个五年计划期间额达万亿元的铁路建造计划。由于的增加，中国的铁路网已经由2007年年底的78,000公里增加到年年底的91,000公里，而且预计到年年底会增加到110,000公里。据认为在政府日益重视铁路发展的背后，货物运输量的增长是一大动因，还有就是需要增加运力满足增长的需求。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA3.中国建造的首条铁路是1876年建的吴淞铁路。到了1911年，中国拥有9,000公里的铁轨，然而，那时的铁路都是有外国公司设计，建造，甚至拥有。第一条由中国人自己设计建造的铁路是1905至1909年修建的京张线，由于多山的地形，这是十分艰巨的一项工程。此线的总工程师是被誉为中国铁路之父的詹天佑。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA4.中华人民共和国成立之后，新政府大力铁路网的建设。从50年代到70年代，尤其是位于中国西部的铁路线扩长了。修建于1952年至1962年的长达1900公里兰州至乌鲁木齐线就是其中的一例。在地势险峻的西南，修建了好几条穿越大山的铁路线，有50年代建的宝成线，有70年代建的成昆线。青藏线是难度最大的，这条线最终于2006年建成开行。现在，除了澳门之外，所有的省份都连接在了这一庞大的铁路网内。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA5-6.不仅中国铁路网自49年以来得到了扩大，中国也在铁路技术方面取得了巨大的进步。从1990到2001年，平均每年有约1，092公里的新线，837公里的多轨铁路，以及962公里的电气化铁路开行，较之于前十年分别增长了和倍。2004年底，运营的铁路里程达到74,200公里，包括24,100公里的多轨线和18,900公里的电气化线。.到年底，中国运营铁路总里程已经达到110,000公里，根据十二五期间国家铁路发展计划，预计到年底总里程将达120,000公里。译文中国铁路发展ReadingA6.中国现在已骄傲地建成世界第一大高铁网络。从全球来看，中国的铁路运量位于世界上最前列，拥有世界6%的运营里程，占25%的世界运输总量。此外，中国在运量的增长和运输设备的使用上也遥遥领先。译文中国铁路发展ReadingATaskIITaskIVExercisesTaskITaskIII()1.InChina,almostallrailtransportishandledbythegovernment.()2.ThefirstrailroadinChinadidnotexistuntiltheestablishmentofNewChina.()3.ZhanTianYouwasagreatrailwayengineerinChina.()4.China'srailtransportvolumeisoneoftheworld'slargest,havingsixpercentoftheworld'soperatingrailways,andcarrying25percentoftheworld'stotalrailwayworkload.()5.Chinarailwayisdevelopingveryquicklytomeetthedemandofitseconomicdevelopment.

F

TTI.Decidewetherthefollowingstatementstrueorfalse.

TrueorFalse

T

TII.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

1.Railtransportisthemostcommonlyusedmodeoflong-distancetransportationinChina.铁路运输是中国最常用的长途运输方式。2.ThechiefengineerofthisrailwaywasZhanTianyou,whoisknownastheFatherofChina'sRailway.这条铁路的总工程师是詹天佑，他被誉为“中国铁路之父”。

TranslationII.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

3.NotonlyhastheChineserailwaynetworkexpandedinsizesince1949,butithasalsoseengreattechnologicaladvances.自1949年以来，中国铁路不仅规模扩大，而且也见证了巨大的技术进步。4.AftertheestablishmentofnewChina,thenewgovernmentinvestedheavilyintherailwaynetwork.中华人民共和国成立之后，新政府大力铁路网建设。TranslationII.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

5.Chinaalsoleadsintermsofthegrowthrateoftransportvolumeanduseoftransportequipment.中国在运力增长及运输设备使用方面遥遥领先。Translation

InChina,almostallrail_______________arehandledbytheMinistryofRailways..Growthin___________________isthoughttobeoneofthedriversbehindtheincreasedfocusonrail.AftertheestablishmentofnewChina,thegovernmentinvestedheavilyintherailway_______________.Inthe1950sand1960s,severalmountainrailwayswere__________________.

transportfreighttransportnetworkconst