贵州省铜仁市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

铜仁市2022年高二年级质量检测试卷英语学科本试卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJaggedLittlePilltheMusicalNominated(提名)for15TonyAwards,andarecentGrammywinnerforBestMusicalTheatreAlbum,thisproductionisaboutaperfectlyimperfectfamilylivingin21stcenturysuburb.WithmusicandlyricsbyAlanisMorissetteandanoriginalstorywrittenbyOscarAwardwinnerDiabloCody,thisexplosiveproductionisdirectedbyTonyAwardwinnerDianePaulus,withmusicsupervisionbyTonyAwardandPulitzerPrizewinnerTomKitt.HamiltonTheTony,Grammy,OlivierandPulitzerPrizewinningmusicalarrivesatMelbourne'sHerMajesty'sTheatreinMarch.HamiltonhastakenthestoryofAmericanfoundingfatherAlexanderHamiltonandcreatedarevolutionarymomentintheatre—amusicalthathashadagreatimpactonculture,politicsandeducation.Withbook,musicandlyricsbyLin-ManuelMiranda,HamiltonisbasedonRonChernow'sfamousbiography.MelbourneInternationalComedyFestivalComedianswilltakeoverstagesinallcornersofthecity,deliveringCOVID-safelaughsandcomedygoodtimestoaudiencesinpersonandonline.Thefestivalhassomethingtomakeeveryoneamused,withfreefamilyentertainment,world—classspecialevents,soloshowsandlate-nightshows.Therewillbeplentyoffamiliarfunnyfaces,hugecomedystarsfromradio,stageandscreen.MalthouseOutdoorStageMalthouseOutdoorStagereturnswiththebestoflocalmusic,comedy,theatre,andlivetalks.EnjoyaneveningofliveentertainmentunderthestarsinMelbourne'snewestoutdoorperformancehub.Arriveearlyandgrabapizzafromtheoutdoorpizzaovenandraiseaglasstoyourfavouriteliveacts.1.Whoisadirector?A.AlanisMorissette. B.DiabloCody. C.DianePaulus. D.TomKitt.2.WhatdowelearnaboutAlexanderHamilton?A.Heisapoliticalfigure. B.Heisafamousmusician.C.Heisagreatdirector. D.Heisacomedystar.3.WhatdoMelbourneInternationalComedyFestivalandMalthouseOutdoorStagehaveincommon?A.Theyarefreeofcharge. B.Theyhavelivetalks.C.Theyareworld-classevents. D.Theyareamusing.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四处即将奉献给观众的娱乐活动，各具特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据JaggedLittlePilltheMusical中“thisexplosiveproductionisdirectedbyTonyAwardwinnerDianePaulus(这部轰动的作品由托尼奖得主黛安·保卢斯执导)”可知，DianePaulus是一位导演。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Hamilton中“HamiltonhastakenthestoryofAmericanfoundingfatherAlexanderHamilton(汉密尔顿讲述了美国国父亚历山大·汉密尔顿的故事)”可知，AlexanderHamilton是美国国父，所以他是一位政治人物。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据MelbourneInternationalComedyFestival中“Comedianswilltakeoverstagesinallcornersofthecity(喜剧演员将占据城市各个角落的舞台)”和MalthouseOutdoorStage中“MalthouseOutdoorStagereturnswiththebestoflocalmusic,comedy,theatre,andlivetalks.(MalthouseOutdoorStage带着当地最好的音乐，喜剧，戏剧，和现场演讲回归了)”可知，这两个活动都能够提供喜剧，所以它们都很有趣。故选D。BAfterstartingtoplaybasketballatjustfouryearsold,RileyMorrisonfellinlovewiththesport.Now,thenine-year-oldfromNapaspendsmostofhertimepracticingherskillsandplayingfortheSt.ApollinarisCatholicChurchbasketballteaminNapa.Whenshe’snotplayingbasketballherself,thefourthgraderlikestospendmuchofherfreetimewatchingherfavoritebasketballplayer,pointguardStephCurry,playfortheGoldenStateWarriors,whichalsohappenstobeMorrison’sfavoriteNBAteam.MorrisonhasbeenalongtimefanofCurrybecauseofhisimpressiveanddynamicbasketballskillsthatleadtohimbeingawardedMVPmorethanonceaswellasafewchampionshiptitles.AndwhenMorrisongoestoWarriorgameswithherdad,ChrisMorrison,shealwayswearsherNo.30Warriorsshirttoshowsupportforherfavoriteplayer.Whenwatchinggamesathome,thenine-year-oldoftenpretendstobeCurryandtriestopracticehisstrongplayingstyle.However,Morrisonisn’tCurry’sfanjustforhistalentonthecourt.ForMorrisonandotheryoungfemalebasketballplayers,Curryisaherobecauseofwhathedoeswhenhe’snotplayingfortheWarriors.Overtheyears,Curryhasbecomeanadvocateforwomen’srightsissuesandhasspokenoutinsupportofissueslikeequalpay.Asahusbandandfathertotwoyoungdaughters,Curryhasbecomeoutspokenabouthowimportantithasbecomeforhimtosupporthiswife,Ayesha,andtheirdaughters.Ontopofspreadingawarenessaboutclosingthepaygap,Curryhashostedagirl’sbasketballcamptoencourageyoungfemaleathletes.4.WhatdoesMorrisondobesidespracticingherskills?A.Shesendse-mailstoStephCurry. B.ShecontactsherfavoriteNBAteam.C.ShewatchesthegamesofStephCurry. D.SheplaysfortheGoldenStateWarriors.5.WhydoesMorrisonregardCurryasahero?A.Hekeepsonadvocatingbasketball. B.He’sbeenfightingforwomen’srights.C.Hehasbeenimprovingpeople’spay. D.Heservesasaninspirationonthecourt.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outspoken”inParagraph5mean?A.Frank. B.Curious. C.Particular. D.Concerned.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeCurry?A.Famousandwealthy. B.Hardworkingandsuccessful.C.Smartandcreative. D.Caringandhelpful.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个酷爱篮球的小女孩在练习技能的同时，也关注自己的偶像，一位传播正能量的篮球明星。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenshe’snotplayingbasketballherself,thefourthgraderlikestospendmuchofherfreetimewatchingherfavoritebasketballplayer,pointguardStephCurry,playfortheGoldenStateWarriors,whichalsohappenstobeMorrison’sfavoriteNBAteam.(当她自己不打篮球的时候，这个四年级的学生喜欢花很多空闲时间看她最喜欢的篮球运动员，控球后卫斯蒂芬·库里为金州勇士队打球，而金州勇士队恰好也是莫里森最喜欢的NBA球队。)”可知，除练习她的技能外，她还观看斯蒂芬·库里的比赛。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Overtheyears,Curryhasbecomeanadvocateforwomen’srightsissuesandhasspokenoutinsupportofissueslikeequalpay.(多年来，库里已经成为女权问题的倡导者，并公开支持同工同酬等问题。)”可知，莫里森把库里当作英雄，是因为他一直在为女权而战。故选B项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Asahusbandandfathertotwoyoungdaughters,Curryhasbecomeoutspokenabouthowimportantithasbecomeforhimtosupporthiswife,Ayesha,andtheirdaughters.(作为一个丈夫和两个小女儿的父亲，库里......，支持妻子阿伊莎和他们的女儿对他来说有多重要。)”可知，库里认为对他老婆和女儿的支持是很重要的，再加上他一直为女权而战，因此可以推断库里直言不讳地表明他的态度，即他支持妻子和他们的女儿对他来说很重要。故此处outspoken意为“直言不讳的”，与A项Frank含义相近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Overtheyears,Curryhasbecomeanadvocateforwomen’srightsissuesandhasspokenoutinsupportofissueslikeequalpay.(多年来，库里已经成为女权问题的倡导者，并公开支持同工同酬等问题。)”以及第五段的“Asahusbandandfathertotwoyoungdaughters,Curryhasbecomeoutspokenabouthowimportantithasbecomeforhimtosupporthiswife,Ayesha,andtheirdaughters.Ontopofspreadingawarenessaboutclosingthepaygap,Curryhashostedagirl’sbasketballcamptoencourageyoungfemaleathletes.(作为一个丈夫和两个小女儿的父亲，库里直言不讳地表示，支持妻子阿伊莎和他们的女儿对他来说有多重要。除了传播缩小收入差距的意识之外，库里还举办了一个女子篮球训练营，以鼓励年轻的女运动员。)”可知，库里为妇女权益以及同工同酬而努力，因此他是一个关心他人、乐于助人的人。故选D项。CNewresearchfromEdithCowanUniversity(ECU)hasfoundbeingconfidentinthekitchenisnotonlygoodforyourtastebuds,it’salsogoodforyourmentalhealth.Intotal,657participantsundertooktheseven-weekhealthycookingcourse.Researchersfoundthosewhoparticipatedintheprogramsawsignificantimprovementsingeneralhealth,mentalhealthandsubjectivevitalityimmediatelyaftertheprogramwhichremainedsixmonthsaftercompletingthecourse,whencomparedtothestudy’scontrolgroup.“Improvingpeople’sdietqualitycanbeapreventivestrategytostoporslowtheriseinpoormentalhealth,obesityandotherhealthdisorders,”DrJoannaReessaid.“Futurehealthprogramsshouldcontinuetoprioritisethebarrierstohealthyeatingsuchaspoorfoodenvironmentsandtimerestrictions,whileplacinggreateremphasisonthevalueofhealthyeatingviaquickandeasyhome-cookedmeals,richinfruitandvegetablesandavoidingprocessedconveniencefoods.”TheInstitutehaspreviouslyfoundalinkbetweeneatingmorefruitsandvegetables,andimprovedlongertermmentalhealthinalargerstudycollectingmorecomplexdietarydata,implyingtheparticipantsinthecurrentstudymayhavefeltbetterduetoimproveddiet.However,thestudyshowedparticipants’mentalhealthimproveddespitetheirreporteddietnotbeingfoundtohavechangedaftercompletingtheprogram.Atthestartoftheprogram,77percentofparticipantswho’identifiedasfemaleclaimedtobeconfidentaboutcooking,comparedtojust23percentofthosewhoidentifiedasmale.Butattheendoftheprogram,cookingconfidenceandcookingskillswereequalacrossbothgroups.Thischangeinconfidencecouldseechangetothehouseholdfoodenvironmentbyreducingthegenderprejudiceandleadingtoagenderbalanceinhomecooking.Thisinturnmayhelptoovercomesomeofthebarrierspresentedbynotknowinghowtocook,suchaseasingthetimelimitswhichcanleadtoready-mademealswhicharehighinenergybutlowinnutritionalvalue.8.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatDrJoannaReessaid?A.Processedconveniencefoodsbenefitpeople.B.Timerestrictionsleadtohealthyeating.C.Hethinksiturgenttoimprovepeople’sdietquality.D.Home-cookedmealsarebetterchoices.9.Whatisthebenefitofeatingmorefruitandvegetables?A.Bettermentalhealth. B.Improvedmemories.C.Losingweight. D.Increasingcreativity.10.Howdidresearchersknowcookingcanincreaseconfidence?A.Byansweringquestions. B.Bymakingcontrasts.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byanalyzingcauses.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IstheKitchenRevolutionImportant?B.LearningCookingCourseTurnsPopularC.HealthyHomeCookingEqualsaHealthyMindD.BeingConfidentintheKitchenBenefitsConfidence【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在厨房里保持自信不仅对味蕾有益，还对心理健康有益。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Futurehealthprogramsshouldcontinuetoprioritisethebarrierstohealthyeatingsuchaspoorfoodenvironmentsandtimerestrictions,whileplacinggreateremphasisonthevalueofhealthyeatingviaquickandeasyhome-cookedmeals,richinfruitandvegetablesandavoidingprocessedconveniencefoods.(未来的健康计划应该继续优先考虑妨碍健康饮食的障碍，如恶劣的食物环境和时间限制，同时更加强调通过快速和简单的家庭烹饪的健康饮食的价值，富含水果和蔬菜，并避免加工方便的食品)”可知，JoannaRees认为家常菜是更好的选择。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheInstitutehaspreviouslyfoundalinkbetweeneatingmorefruitsandvegetables,andimprovedlongertermmentalhealthinalargerstudycollectingmorecomplexdietarydata,implyingtheparticipantsinthecurrentstudymayhavefeltbetterduetoimproveddiet.(该研究所此前在一项收集了更复杂饮食数据的大型研究中发现，吃更多水果和蔬菜与改善长期心理健康之间存在联系，这意味着目前这项研究的参与者可能会因为改善饮食而感觉更好)”可知，多吃水果和蔬菜可以改善心理健康。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Atthestartoftheprogram,77percentofparticipantswho’identifiedasfemaleclaimedtobeconfidentaboutcooking,comparedtojust23percentofthosewhoidentifiedasmale.Butattheendoftheprogram,cookingconfidenceandcookingskillswereequalacrossbothgroups.(在项目开始时，77%的女性参与者声称自己对烹饪很有信心，相比之下，只有23%的男性参与者表示自己对烹饪很有信心。但在项目结束时，两组人的烹饪信心和烹饪技巧是相等的)”可推知，通过对比，研究人员知道烹饪可以增加信心。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“NewresearchfromEdithCowanUniversity(ECU)hasfoundbeingconfidentinthekitchenisnotonlygoodforyourtastebuds,it’salsogoodforyourmentalhealth.(伊迪丝科文大学的一项新研究发现，在厨房里保持自信不仅对你的味蕾有好处，对你的心理健康也有好处)”结合文章还介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。故C选项“健康的家庭烹饪等于健康的心态”最符合文章标题。故选C。DNewZealand’sgovernmentrecentlyannounceditwillhelppayforpoorerfamiliestoreplacetheiroldcarswithcleanerhybridorelectricvehicles.Thegovernmentplanstospend$357milliononthetestprogram.Themoveispartofawiderplantoreducegreenhousegasemissions.GreenhousegasesarebelievedtocausewarmingtemperaturesintheEarth’satmosphere.NewZealandplanstoprovideaidforbusinessestoreduceemissionsandhavebusesthatrunonenvironmentallysafefuelby2035.Thegovernmentalsoplanstoprovidefood-wastecollectionformosthomesby2030.PrimeMinisterJacindaArdernsaidinastatement,“We’veallseentherecentreportsonsealevelriseanditsimpactrighthereinNewZealand.Wecannotleavetheissueofclimatechangeuntilit’stoolatetofix.”TheplanisasteptowardNewZealand’sstatedgoalofreachingnet-zerocarbonemissionsby2050.Reachingnet-zeroemissionsmeansnotcreatingmorecarbonintheatmospherethanoceansandforestscanremove.Ardernsaidthatreducingdependenceonfossilfuelswouldhelpprotectfamiliesfromextremepriceincreases.Theplanalsosetsagoalofreducingtotalcartravelby20percentoverthenext13years.Theprogramswillbepaidforfroma$2.8billionclimateemergencyresponsefund.Officialssaidthatovertime,moneycollectedfrompolluterswouldpayfortheprogramsratherthantaxesfromfamilies.SomecriticsoftheplansayitcontinuedtobelessrestrictiveonNewZealand’shugeagricultureindustry.Agriculturecreatesabouthalfofthenation’stotalgreenhousegasemissions.Buttheindustryisalsoimportanttotheeconomyasthenation’sbiggestexportearner.DavidSeymouristheleaderofNewZealand’sACTpoliticalparty.Hesaidthatsomeoftheannouncedprogramsareproventobeineffectiveandhavebeentriedandfailedoverseas.Peopleshouldbeabletochoosehowtheyreduceemissionsthroughthemarket-basedemissionstradingplan.12.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinParagraph2?A.Theurgencyofinvestment. B.Themeasurestobetaken.C.Thepopulartestprogram. D.Theharmofemissions.13.WhatdoJacindaArdern’swordsinParagraph3suggest?A.It’surgenttotakestepsonclimatechange.B.SealevelrisehaslittleeffectonNewZealand.C.Helaidstressontheimportancetotacklepollution.D.Itdrawspublicattentiontosolveenvironmentalproblems.14.Whowillpayforthenextprograms?A.Families. B.Polluters. C.Carmakers. D.Thegovernment.15.WhatdoesDavidSeymouremphasize?A.Dynamicemissionreductionscheme. B.Theimpactofexportsontheeconomy.C.Specificstandardsforemissionreduction. D.Thenation’stotalgreenhousegasemissions.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为了减少温室气体的排放，新西兰政府决定帮助贫困家庭用更清洁的混合动力汽车或电动汽车替换旧车。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thegovernmentplanstospend$357milliononthetestprogram.Themoveispartofawiderplantoreducegreenhousegasemissions.GreenhousegasesarebelievedtocausewarmingtemperaturesintheEarth’satmosphere.NewZealandplanstoprovideaidforbusinessestoreduceemissionsandhavebusesthatrunonenvironmentallysafefuelby2035.Thegovernmentalsoplanstoprovidefood-wastecollectionformosthomesby2030.(政府计划在测试项目上花费3.57亿美元。此举是一项更广泛的减少温室气体排放计划的一部分。温室气体被认为会导致地球大气温度升高。新西兰计划为企业提供援助，以减少排放，并在2035年前使公共汽车使用环境安全的燃料。政府还计划到2030年为大多数家庭收集食物垃圾)”可知，第二段作者主要说明新西兰政府要采取的措施。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“We’veallseentherecentreportsonsealevelriseanditsimpactrighthereinNewZealand.Wecannotleavetheissueofclimatechangeuntilit’stoolatetofix.(在新西兰，我们都看到了最近关于海平面上升及其影响的报告。我们不能把气候变化问题留到无法解决的时候)”可知，JacindaArdern的话表明新西兰迫切需要采取措施应对气候变化。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Officialssaidthatovertime,moneycollectedfrompolluterswouldpayfortheprogramsratherthantaxesfromfamilies.(官员们表示，随着时间的推移，从污染者那里收取的钱将用于这些项目，而不是向家庭征税)”可知，污染者将会为接下去的项目买单。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Peopleshouldbeabletochoosehowtheyreduceemissionsthroughthemarket-basedemissionstradingplan.(人们应该能够通过基于市场的排放交易计划来选择自己的减排方式)”可知，DavidSeymour强调的是动态减排方案。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyourespectthoseyousharearoomwith,youmayfindthatyourlivingsituationcanbequiteenjoyable.Makethemapriority.Partofrespectingsomeoneismakingthemapriorityinyourlife.Decidingthattheyaren’tgoodenoughtodevotemuchofyourtimetomakesthemseemunimportant.Italsosendsthemessagethatyoudon’trespectthemenoughtomakethemabigpartofyourlife.____16____Givepraise.Yourpartnerneedstohearwhatyoulikeaboutthem,evenifyou’vebeentogetherforlong.____17____.Offeringpraisecanbringyouclosertogetherandcanstrengthenyourlevelofrespectforeachother.____18____.Youarelikelypolitetoyourparents,friends,andbossbecauseyourespectthem.Youprobablywouldn’tthinkaboutgivingthemattitudeorcriticism.Adoptthissamewayofthinkingforyourpartner.Choosingtobekind,andpoliteshowsyourespectthem,whichcanmakeaworldofdifferenceinyourrelationship.Focusonyourpartner’spositives.It’seasytoconcentrateonwhatyourpartnerdoeswrongparticularlyifyoufeeltheyarelackinginafewareas.____19____.Hearingpositivewordsinsteadofnegativewillencouragethemtokeepupthegoodworkandshowsthatyouvaluethem.Behonest.Honestyisatthefoundation(基础)ofapositive,healthyrelationship.Beinghoneststrengthensyourbondwithyourpartnerandshowsthatyouaretrustworthy.____20____.A.Attitudeiseverything.B.Adoptagoodattitude.C.Thiscanbedestructivetoyourpartner.D.Don’tassumetheyalreadyknowhowyoufeel.E.Theywillexhibitthesamebehaviortowardsyou.F.Tellthetruthtoyourpartner,evenwhenit’spainfultohear.G.Instead,tryfocusingonwhatyourpartnerdoesrightorisgoodat.【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与室友相处得更好。【16题详解】根据上文“Decidingthattheyaren’tgoodenoughtodevotemuchofyourtimetomakesthemseemunimportant.Italsosendsthemessagethatyoudon’trespectthemenoughtomakethemabigpartofyourlife.(如果你认为他们不够好，无法投入你的大部分时间，那么他们就显得不重要了。这也传达了这样一个信息：你没有足够尊重他们，使他们成为你生活中的主要部分。)”可知，上文介绍了一种和室友相处时的不当行为，那就是没有足够重视你的室友，C项意为“这可能会对你的同伴造成消极影响。”，能够承接上文，如果你没有足够重视你的室友，意味着你没有足够尊重他们，这可能会对你的同伴造成消极影响。故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Givepraise.Yourpartnerneedstohearwhatyoulikeaboutthem,evenifyou’vebeentogetherforlong.(给予赞扬。即使你们在一起很长时间了，你们的同伴也需要听听你们喜欢他们什么。)”可知，上文告诉我们要学会称赞室友，D项意为“不要以为他们已经知道你的感受了。”，能够承接上文，我们要学会称赞我们的室友，不要以为他们已经知道我们的感受了。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文“Adoptthissamewayofthinkingforyourpartner.Choosingtobekind,andpoliteshowsyourespectthem,whichcanmakeaworldofdifferenceinyourrelationship.(对你的同伴采用同样的思维方式。选择友善和礼貌表明你尊重他们，这可以让你们的关系大不相同。)”可知，上文告诉我们要用良好的态度对待我们的室友，要对他们友善和礼貌，这表明你尊重他们，B项意为“采取良好的态度。”，能够概括段落主旨，下文具体介绍了什么是良好的态度和这样做带来的好处。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“It’seasytoconcentrateonwhatyourpartnerdoeswrong,particularlyifyoufeeltheyarelackinginafewareas.(你很容易把注意力集中在你的同伴做错了什么上，尤其是当你觉得他们在几个方面有所欠缺的时候。)”可知，上文告诉我们，在与室友相处的过程中，我们很容易把注意力集中在他们做错了什么上，G项意为“相反，试着专注于你的同伴做得对或擅长什么。”，能够承接上文，且符合段落主旨，我们不要把注意力集中在室友做错了什么上，相反，试着专注于他们做得对或擅长什么。故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Beinghoneststrengthensyourbondwithyourpartnerandshowsthatyouaretrustworthy.(诚实会加强你与同伴的关系，表明你是值得信赖的。)”可知，上文告诉我们，对待室友要诚实，F项意为“告诉你的同伴实情，即使听到很痛苦。”，能够承接上文，对待室友要诚实，要告诉他们实情，即使听到实情，他们会很痛苦。故选F。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Highschoolsenior,JonathanWalkerisunquestionablycelebratinganamazingmilestoneinhislife.TheFloridateenhasbeen____21____into27universitiesandreceivedupto$4millioninscholarships.“Itwasjustasurprisetoseethattheywantedmeto____22____theirinstitution,andthattheywereofferingme____23____…itwasjustatonofexcitement,”WalkersaidduringaninterviewwithABCNews’LinseyDavis.The18-year-oldFloridastudent____24____tocollegesanduniversitiesthatincludedHarvard,Stanford,Yale,andMIT.____25____,theteenwasverysurprisedwhenhewasadmittedtoalloftheuniversities.HetoldCBSMiamiinaninterviewthat,“That’ssucha____26____thingtooccur,butitdidhappen.”However,____27____hehasbeenacceptedtoallofhischoices,theteenisworkingon____28____thelistdown.“I’llbeabletomakeaprettyconfident____29____.”Asamatteroffact,Walkerisalso_____30_____inscienceclub,theinternationalBaccalaureateprogram,andtheschoolfootballteam.Theamazingly_____31_____18-year-oldhasalsobeenworkingwithapartneronawristdevicethat_____32_____peoplewhoareblindanddeaftocommunicatebetterwithpeople.Itisno_____33_____thatWalkeristhinkingengineeringasa_____34_____majoralongsidebecominganentrepreneur(企业家).“I’mmostlyinterestedinengineeringaswellentrepreneurship,butI’malso_____35_____thepossibilityofcreatingmyownmajorsinceIhaveatonofdifferent_____36_____,”Walkersaid.Hecontinued,“Myparents_____37_____meachemistrysetacoupleofyearsago…AndthenfromthereIreally_____38_____thatIcoulduseengineeringtohelppeople.AndsoIjustbecamesuperinterestedincreating_____39_____thatcouldhelpdisadvantagedcommunitiesandpeople_____40_____achallengingperiod.”21.A.accepted B.included C.adopted D.introduced22.A.visit B.appreciate C.confirm D.attend23.A.admission B.honour C.awards D.challenges24.A.devoted B.applied C.appealed D.contributed25.A.Hopefully B.Fortunately C.Undoubtedly D.Unusually26.A.natural B.rare C.precious D.casual27.A.ifonly B.nowthat C.eventhough D.incase28.A.turning B.taking C.narrowing D.choosing29.A.decision B.mind C.approach D.plan30.A.flexible B.generous C.patient D.active31.A.careful B.determined C.diverse D.hardworking32.A.advises B.reminds C.ensures D.allows33.A.wonder B.use C.point D.chance34.A.common B.potential C.temporary D.formal35.A.attempting B.predicting C.imagining D.exploring36.A.interests B.methods C.missions D.colleges37.A.lent B.promised C.brought D.taught38.A.realized B.proposed C.indicated D.reflected39A.tools B.devices C.ideas D.positions40.A.takingover B.puttingoff C.makingout D.goingthrough【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.B25.C26.B27.B28.C29.A30.D31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D36.A37.C38.A39.B40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了高中毕业生JonathanWalker被27所大学录取，并获得了高达400万美元的奖学金。介绍了他对此的看法，同时他对创造设备帮助人们也十分感兴趣。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名来自佛罗里达州的少年已经被27所大学录取，并获得了高达400万美元的奖学金。A.accepted接受；B.included包括；C.adopted领养；D.introduced介绍。根据后文“into27universities”指被27所大学录取，应用accept。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他们想让我上他们的学校，并给我提供入学许可，我感到很惊讶。A.visit拜访；B.appreciate感激；C.confirm确定；D.attend出席。根据后文“theirinstitution”此处指上学，应用attend。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他们想让我上他们的学校，并给我提供入学许可，我感到很惊讶。A.admission许可，承认；B.honour荣誉；C.awards奖励；D.challenges挑战。根据上文“theirinstitution,andthattheywereofferingme”可知，他们想让JonathanWalker来自己的学校上学，所以提供入学许可。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位18岁的佛罗里达学生申请了包括哈佛、斯坦福、耶鲁和麻省理工在内的大学。A.devoted奉献；B.applied应用，申请；C.appealed呼吁；D.contributed贡献。根据后文“tocollegesanduniversitiesthatincludedHarvard,Stanford,Yale,andMIT”指他申请了很多大学，故选B。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，当这个少年被所有的大学录取时，他感到非常惊讶。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Fortunately幸运地；C.Undoubtedly无疑地；D.Unusually不寻常。根据后文“theteenwasverysurprisedwhenhewasadmittedtoalloftheuniversities.”可知得知被所有大学录取无疑会感到惊讶。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在迈阿密哥伦比亚广播公司的一次采访中说：“这是非常罕见的事情，但它确实发生了。”A.natural自然的；B.rare罕有的；C.precious宝贵的；D.casual随意的。同时被27所大学录取是很罕见的事情。故选B。【27题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，由于他的所有选择都被接受了，这位青少年正在努力缩小选择范围。A.ifonly只要；B.nowthat由于；C.eventhough虽然；D.incase万一。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于”应用nowthat。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于他的所有选择都被接受了，这位青少年正在努力缩小选择范围。A.turning转弯；B.taking带走；C.narrowing缩小；D.choosing选择。根据后文“thelistdown”指缩小选择的范围，应用narrowdown。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我将能够做出一个非常自信的决定。”A.decision决定；B.mind思维；C.approach方法；D.plan计划。结合上文可知，这名少年将在这些学校做出决定，故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，沃克还积极参加科学俱乐部、国际学士学位课程和学校足球队。A.flexible灵活的；B.generous慷慨的；C.patient耐心的；D.active积极的。根据后文“inscienceclub,theinternationalBaccalaureateprogram,andtheschoolfootballteam”可知，沃克还积极参加科学俱乐部、国际学士学位课程和学校足球队。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位才华横溢18岁少年还与一位合作伙伴合作开发了一种手腕设备，让盲人和聋哑人更好地与人交流。A.careful自信的；B.determined坚定的；C.diverse多样的，才华洋溢的；D.hardworking努力工作的。结合后文可知沃克与一位合作伙伴合作开发了一种手腕设备，让盲人和聋哑人更好地与人交流，可见很有才华。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位才华横溢的18岁少年还与一位合作伙伴合作开发了一种手腕设备，让盲人和聋哑人更好地与人交流。A.advises建议；B.reminds提醒；C.ensures确保；D.allows允许。根据后文“peoplewhoareblindanddeaftocommunicatebetterwithpeople”可知这种设备可以让盲人和聋哑人更好地与人交流。allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：难怪沃克除了想成为一名企业家，还想把工程作为一个潜在的专业。A.wonder好奇；B.use使用；C.point要点；D.chance机会。此处为句型“itisnowonderthat”表示“难怪……”。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难怪沃克除了想成为一名企业家，还想把工程作为一个潜在的专业。A.common普通的；B.potential潜在的；C.temporary暂时的；D.formal正式的。根据后文“majoralongsidebecominganentrepreneur”指把工程作为一个潜在的专业。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最感兴趣的是工程和创业，但我也在探索创建自己专业的可能性，因为我有很多不同的兴趣。A.attempting尝试；B.predicting预测；C.imagining想象；D.exploring探索。根据后文“thepossibilityofcreatingmyownmajor”指探索专业的可能性。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最感兴趣的是工程和创业，但我也在探索创建自己专业的可能性，因为我有很多不同的兴趣。A.interests兴趣；B.methods方法；C.missions任务；D.colleges大学。结合上文的描述可知，沃克兴趣广泛，故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母几年前给我买了一套化学仪器。A.lent借给；B.promised承诺；C.bought购买；D.taught教学。根据后文“meachemistryset”指购买了化学仪器，应用buy。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我真正意识到我可以用工程学来帮助人们。A.realized意识到；B.proposed提议；C.indicated表明；D.reflected反思。根据后文“thatIcoulduseengineeringtohelppeople”可知，指JonathanWalker意识到可以用工程学来帮助人们。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我对创造设备非常感兴趣，这些设备可以帮助弱势社区和人们度过一个充满挑战的时期。A.tools工具；B.devices设备；C.ideas想法；D.positions位置。呼应上文中“18-year-oldhasalsobeenworkingwithapartneronawristdevice”指对创造设备非常感兴趣，故选B。【40题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我对创造设备非常感兴趣，这些设备可以帮助弱势社区和人们度过一个充满挑战的时期。A.takingover接管；B.puttingoff推迟；C.makingout理解；D.goingthrough经历，度过。根据后文“achallengingperiod”指帮助弱势社区和人们度过一个充满挑战的时期。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Peoplearoundtheworldspendbillionsofdollarseveryyear____41____(try)tolookyounger.Companiesproducethousandsofcreams,pillsandtreatmentsforourskintolookyounger.Inaddition,scientists____42____(work)fordecadesontryingtoslowdowntheageingprocess.Thisweek,scientistsmade____43____breakthrough.Theyhavedevelopedamethodtotimejumpcellsinhumanskin.Thescientistssaytheycanturnbacktheageingclockincellsby30years,____44____couldmakeskinlookyounger.Skincellsintheirtestskeptalloftheimportant____45____(function).Thescientistssaytheirworkisstill____46____anearlystage,butitcouldhelppeoplelookyoungerinthefuture.Thetechnique____47____(develop)bythescientistscouldchangemedicineandhealth.Theleadresearcher,DrDiljeetGill,said:“Sofar,we’veonlytestedthistechniqueinskincells.We’re____48____(excite)toseeifwecantranslateitacrossothercelltypes.”Thismeansitcould____49____(use)totreatskinproblems,suchasburns.Thescientistshopetheirtechniquecouldalsohelpotherpartsofthebody.Theirnewmethodcould_____50_____(additional)helptohealcutsmorequickly,especiallyinolderpeople.Th