新能源汽车专业英语9

本章学习内容本章学习目标9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造9.3ServiceNotes维护提示1.了解CNG-汽油双燃料汽车的结构原理；2.了解CNG-汽油双燃料汽车维护要点；Chapter9CNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicle

压缩天然气-汽油双燃料汽车NewWordsandPhrases9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点approx.[ə'prɑks]adv.大约（=approximately）bivalent[baɪ'veɪlənt]adj.二价的；n.二价体comparison[kəm'pærɪsn]n.比较，对照contamination[kənֽtæmɪ'neɪʃən]n.污染fossil['fɒsl]

adj.化石的，陈腐的fouling['faʊlɪŋ]n.污垢nitrogen['naɪtrədʒən]n.氮9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点particulate[pɑ:'tɪkjələt]n.微粒roughly['rʌfli]adv.粗略地，大体上sulphur['sʌlfə(r)]n.硫磺bivalentdrive双元驱动calorificvalue热值carbondioxide二氧化碳combustionproperty燃烧特性9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点fossilfuel化石燃料，矿物燃料incomparisonwith与…相比knockresistance抗爆性liquefiednaturalgas液化天然气withregardto关于…，就…9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点Naturalgasisafossilfuelconsistingprimarilyofmethane(CH4).Thepercentageofactualmethanecontainedinnaturalgasrunsat80to99%,dependingontheregionwherethegasisextracted.Therestismadeupofcarbondioxide,nitrogenandlow-gradehydrocarbons.Naturalgascanbestoredinavehicleeitherinliquidformat-162℃asLNG(liquefiednaturalgas)orincompressedformatpressuresofupto200barasCNG(compressednaturalgas)*1.Naturalgasisgenerallyusedinitscompressedformbecauseofthehighcostofstoringtheliquefiedversion.9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点

Thehighknockresistanceofnaturalgas(approx.140RON)allowsacompressionofroughly13:1.However,thisadvantagecannotbeexploitedinbivalentdrives,i.e.inacombinationofpetrolandnatural-gasdrives,becausethecompressionratiomustbetunedtopetroloperation.Advantagesofnatural-gasdriveoverspark-ignitionanddieselengines:·VerygoodcombustionpropertiesandlowemissionsofCO2,NOx,COandvirtuallynoparticulateandsulphuremissions.9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点·Lesscarbonfoulingofsparkplugsandreducedcontaminationofengineoil.Disadvantagesofnatural-gasdriveincomparisonwithspark-ignitionanddieselengines:·Lowerenginepowerduetothelowercalorificvalueofnaturalgas.·Expensivestorageofnaturalgasnecessary.·Shortercruisingrangewiththesametankvolume.·Extensivesafetyregulationswithregardtooperating,servicingandrepairingnatural-gasvehicles9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造NewWordsandPhrasesfatigue[fə'ti:g]n.疲劳，疲乏gastight['gæstaɪt]adj.不漏气的，气密retainer[rɪ'teɪnə(r)]n.护圈，隔环route[ru:t]vt.通路选定，迂回sheath[ʃi:θ]n.护套；vt.包9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造gas-pressureregulator气压调节器gasinjector气体喷射器combustionchamber燃烧室shutoffvalve截止阀refuellingvalve充气阀clamping-ring夹紧环，卡箍CFRP碳纤维增强塑料9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造burstpressure爆裂压力solderfuse焊料熔断器thermalcut-out热熔保险器low-ratelimiter流量限制器fatiguefailure疲劳失效overpressureregulator过压调节器9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造Natural-gasdrivesaregenerallyusedincombinationwithpetroloperationinspark-ignitionengines(so-calledbivalentdrives).Variousadditionalcomponentsmustbeinstalledinthevehicleforthispurpose(Figure9.1).OperatingPrincipleThenaturalgasstoredatapprox.200barsinthenatural-gastankflowstothegas-pressureregulator.Thisregulatesthegaspressureinseveralreducingstagesatapprox.9bars.ThegasinjectorsintheintakemanifoldareenergisedbytheECUasrequiredandtherebyopened*2

.Thegasmixeswiththeinductedairandthenflowsasagas-airmixtureintothecombustionchamber.9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造Figure9.1LayoutofaCNGvehicle9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造SafetyFeaturesNatural-gasdrivesposecertainriskstotheenvironment,e.g.asaresultoftheuncheckeddischargeofgasorthedangerofexplosioncausedbyariseinpressure.Forthisreason,thesesystemsareequippedwithvarioussafetyfeatures.·Non-returnvalves.Thesearelocatedintherefuellingconnectionandonthetankshutoffvalvesandpreventthegasfromflowingbackviatherefuellingvalve.·Gastightsheathing.Thisiswrappedroundthelinesandcomponentsroutedinsidethevehicle.9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造·Screwedjoints.Thesearedesignedasdoubleclamping-ringscrewedconnections.·Natural-gastanks.ThesearemadeofsteelorCFRP.Eachtankisconnectedbytworetainerstothevehicle.Theburstpressuresareapprox.400barsforsteeltanksandapprox.500barsforCFRPtanks.·Solderfuseandthermalcut-outonthenaturalgastank.Thesepreventanexcessivepressureincreaseandthusthetankfromexplodingintheeventofafire.·Flow-ratelimiter.Thispreventsthenatural-gastankfromdrainingsuddenlyintheeventofapipebreakage.9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造·Electromagneticshutoffvalves.Thisvalve,whichismountedonthenatural-gastank,closesonchangeovertopetrolmode,intheeventofapowerfailure,whentheengineisstoppedorintheeventofanaccident.Afurthershutoffvalveislocatedonthepressureregulator.·Flexiblegaslines.Thesepreventbreakscausedbyfatiguefailureonthelow-pressureside,i.e.betweenthepressureregulatorandthegasinjectors.·Overpressureregulator.Thisismountedonthepressureregulatorandprotectsthelow-pressuresideagainstexcessivepressures.9.3ServiceNotes维护提示NewWordsandPhrasesinstruction[ɪn'strʌkʃn]n.规程，说明（书）prescribed[prɪ'skraɪbd]adj.规定的gas-leakdetector气体泄漏检测器，检漏仪recurringcheck反复检查Subject…to…使…经受…Ifthehigh-pressuregastankisreplacedatregularintervalsandthesystemissubjectedtoaservice-inspectioninaccordancewiththemanufacturer'sinstructions,thenthereisnoneedtosubjectthegassystemtotheprescribedrecurringchecks.9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造Thefollowingcomponentsofthenatural-gassystemmustbecheckedwithintheframeworkofaservice-inspection:·Natural-gastanksandlines·Electromagneticshutoffvalves·Closingcapandnatural-gasfillerneck·Ventlinesonthenatural-gastanksLeaktestsmustbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththemanufacturer'sinstructions,e.g.withagas-leakdetector.9.1NaturalGasNatureandFeatures天然气的性质与特点Advantagesofnatural-gasdriveoverspark-ignitionanddieselengines9.2ConstructionofCNG-GasolineDual-fuelVehicleCNG-汽油双燃料汽车的构造9.3ServiceNotes维护提示小结作业Whataretheadvantagesofnatural-gasdriveoverspark-ignitionanddieselengines？

与汽油机和柴油机相比，天然气驱动有什么