2023年考研考博-考博英语-西南大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-西南大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Testsofreactiontimesseemedtobackupthenotionthatthetwohemispheresdifferedintheirprocessingstyles.Researchersusedtobelievethatanimagegoestoonehemispherefirst,andthentotheoppositesideofthebrain.Ifthenatureofthestimulusandthepreferenceofthehemispherematchup,thenthepersoncanrespondslightlymorequicklyandaccuratelyinidentifyingthelocalorglobalimage.Stillmorestartling,researchersfoundthatthesameappearedtoholdforthebrainsofchimpsandperhapsotherprimates.Theassumptionhasalwaysbeenthathandednessandbrainasymmetryarestrictlyhumantraits---partofthegreatbrainreorganizationthatallowedourancestortousetools,speakandperhapseventhinkrationally.Buthandednessisnowwidelyclaimedforprimatesandevenbirds,amphibiansandwhales.Andinthepastfewyears,somepsychologistshavetestedchimpsandbaboonsandsuggestedtheirtwohemispheresalsodifferinprocessingstyle.Nowresearchershavecometoseethedistinctionbetweenthetwohemispheresasasubtleoneofprocessingstyle,witheverymentalfacultysharedacrossthebrain,andeachsidecontributinginacomplementary,notexclusive,fashion.AsmartbrainbecameonethatsimultaneouslygraspedboththeforegroundandthebackgroundofthemomentThenextproblemwastoworkoutexactlyhowthebrainmanagestoproducethesetwocontrastingstyles.Manyresearchersoriginallylookedfortheexplanationinasimplewiringdifferencewithinthebrain.Thistheoryheldthatneuronsintheleftcortexmightmakesparse,short-rangeconnectionswiththeirneighbors,whilecellsontheothersidewouldbemorerichlyandwidelyconnectedTheresultwouldbethattherepresentationofsensationsandmemorieswouldbeconfinedlosmallish,discreteareasinthelefthemisphere,whileexactlythesameinputtoacorrespondingareaoftherightsidewouldformasprawlingevenimpressionisticpatternofactivity.Supportersofthisideaarguedthatthesestructuraldifferenceswouldexplainwhyleftbrainlanguageareasaresogoodatpreciserepresentationofwordsandwordsequenceswhiletherightbrainseemstosupplyawidersenseofcontextandmeaning.Astrikingfindingfromsomepeoplewhosufferright-brainstokesisthattheycanunderstandtheliteralmeaningofsentences-theirleftbraincanstilldecodethewords•—buttheycannolongergetjokesorallusions.Askedtoexplainevenacommonproverb,suchas"astitchintimesavesnine",theycanonlysayitmusthavesomethingtodowithsewing.Anintactrightbrainisneededtomakethemoreplayfulconnections.1.Thelocalorglobalimageismorequicklyandaccuratelyidentifiedinthebrainif（

）.

2.Handednessandbrainasymmetryarestrictlyhumantraits,asisshownin（

）.3.Accordingtothetext,asmartbrainhasallthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPT（

）.

4.Whatistheproblemofthepeoplewhosufferright-brainstrokes?5.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe（

）.问题1选项A.testsofreactiontimesbackupthenotionofthetwohemispheresB.animagegoestoonehemisphere〜n:st,andthentotheoppositesideofthebrainC.thenatureofthestimulusandthepreferenceofthehemispherematchupD.thepersoncanmatchtheimagewithanobject问题2选项A.thebrainsofchimpsandperhapsotherprimatesB.thefactthatthegreatbrainreorganizationallowedourancestortousetoolsC.thefactthathumanbeingsalonecanusetools,speakandthinkrationallyD.thetwobrainhemispheresofchimpsandbaboons问题3选项A.withdifferentprocessingstyleB.withsharedmentalfacultyC.eachsidecontributinginacomplementaryD.graspingtheforegroundandthebackgroundofthemoment问题4选项A.Theycanhardlyunderstandtheliteralmeaningofsentences.B.Theirleftbraincanstilldecodethewords.C.Theydonotunderstandthecommonproverb"astitchintimesavesnine".D.Theycannotgraspthemeaningofjokesorallusions.问题5选项A.LeftBrain,RightBrainB.TheLocalofGlobalImageC.HumanBrainandAnimalBrainD.TheSmartBrain2.单选题Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.Onemicronisathousandthofamillimeter:apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallyfromtwotofourmicronslong,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,ifyouenlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejustaboutthesizeofapinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6kilometers)tall.Evenwithanordinalmicroscopy,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheirstructure.Usingspecialstains,onecanseethatsomebacteriahaveattachedtothemwavy-looking"hairs"calledflagella.Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathroughthewater.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannotmoveaboutbytheirownpower,whileotherscanglidealongoversurfacesbysomelittle-understoodmechanismFromthebacterialpointofview,theworldisaverydifferentplacefromwhatitistohumans.Toabacterium,waterisasthickasmolassesistous.BacteriaaresosmallthattheyareinfluencedbythemovementsofthechemicalmoleculesaroundthemBacteriaunderthemicroscope,eventhosewithnoflagella,oftenbounceaboutinthewater.Thisisbecausetheycollidewiththewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofasecondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones;evenbacteriawithoutflagellaarethusconstantlyexposedtoachangingenvironment.1.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Bacteriaaremeasuredin（

）.3.Whichofthefollowingisthesmallest?4.Accordingtothepassage,someonewhoexaminesbacteriausingonlyamicroscopethatmagnifies100timeswouldsee（

）.

5.Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostnearlyanalogoustowhichofthefollowing?问题1选项A.ThecharacteristicsofbacteriaB.HowbacteriareproduceC.ThevariousfunctionsofbacteriaD.Howbacteriacontributetodisease问题2选项A.InchesB.CentimetersC.MicronsD.millimeters问题3选项A.ApinheadB.AroundedbacteriumC.AmicroscopeD.Arod-shapedbacterium问题4选项A.tinydotsB.small’’hairs”C.largerodsD.detailedstructures问题5选项A.Ariderjumpingonahorse'sbackB.AballbeinghitbyabatC.AboatpoweredbyamotorD.Adoorclosedbyagustofwind.3.单选题Thecriminalmadea(n)（

）forfreedombytryingtorunaway.问题1选项A.resortB.pleaC.appealD.bid4.单选题TheyaregoingtoLondon,buttheir（

）destinationisRome.问题1选项A.ultimateB.primeC.nextD.cardinal5.单选题Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassicalrationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoals,assessingtheproblem,formulatingoptions,estimatinglikelihoodsofsuccess,makingadecision,andonlythentakingactiontoimplementthedecision.Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,theseseniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedintuitiontomanageanetworkofinterrelatedproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,andsurprise;andtointegrateactionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmangersrelyheavilyonintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplayapoorgraspofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheoppositeofrationality;othersviewitasanexcuseforcapriciousness.Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthatmanagers’intuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuseintuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.First,theyintuitivelysensewhenaproblemexists.Second,managersrelyonintuitiontoperformwell-learnedbehaviorpatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnotarbitraryorirrational,butisbasedonyearsofpainstakingpracticeandhands-onexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctionofintuitionistosynthesizeisolatedbitsofdataandpracticeintoanintegratedpicture,ofteninanAha!experience.Fourth,somemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerationalanalysis.Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofaction.Finally,managerscanuseintuitiontobypassin-depthanalysisandmoverapidlytoengenderaplausiblesolution.Usedinthisway,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneouscognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthinkingisinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknowwhatisrightbeforetheycananalyzeandexplainit,theyfrequentlyactfirstandexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoactioninthinking/actingcycles,inwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesandorganizationsnotbyanalyzingaproblematicsituationandthenacting,butbyactingandanalyzingincloseconcert.Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissuesthattheyface,seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinking/actingcyclesisthatactionisoftenpartofdefiningtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.1.Accordingtothetext,seniormanagersuseintuitioninallofthefollowingwaysexceptto（

）.2.Thetextsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthewritersonmanagementmentionedinline1,paragraph2?3.ItcanbereferredfromthetextthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybeonemajordifferenceinbehaviorbetweenManagerX,whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions,andManagerY,whousesonlyformaldecisionanalysis?4.Thetextprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowingstatements?5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext?问题1选项A.speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem.B.identifyaproblem.C.bringtogetherdisparatefacts.D.stipulatecleargoals.问题2选项A.Theyhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassicalrationalmodelofdecisionanalysis.B.Theyhavenotbasedtheiranalysesonasufficientlylargesampleofactualmanagers.C.Theyhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssayratherthanonwhatmanagersdo.D.Theyhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmakingbusinessdecisions.问题3选项A.ManagerXanalyzesfirstandthenacts;ManagerYdoesnot.B.ManagerXcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembysystematicanalysis;ManagerYdoesnot.C.ManagerXtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoaproblem;ManagerYdoesnot.D.ManagerYdrawsonyearsofhands-onexperienceincreatingasolutiontoaproblemsManagerXdoesnot.问题4选项A.Managerswhorelyonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewhorelyonformaldecisionanalysis.B.Managerscannotjustifytheirintuitivedecisions.C.Managers’intuitionwinkscontrarytotheirrationalandanalyticalskills.D.Intuitionenablesmanagerstoemploytheirpracticalexperiencemoreefficiently.问题5选项A.Anassertionisnudeandaspecificsupportingexampleisgiven.B.Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced.C.Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized.D.Twoopposingpointsofviewarepresentedandevaluated.6.单选题Idecidedtoquitthejobbecauseitis（

）tolistentoourboss’sconstantcomplaints.问题1选项A.delightfulB.sensationalC.preventiveD.irksome7.单选题Thepooroldmanwas（

）withdiabetesandwithoutpropermedicaltreatmenthewouldlosehiseyesightandbecomecrippledverysoon.问题1选项A.sufferedB.afflictedC.inducedD.infected8.单选题Becausefolkartisneithercompletelyrejectednoracceptedasanartformbyarthistorians,theirfinalevaluationsofitnecessarilyremain（

）.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.estimableC.unspokenD.equivocal9.单选题Toeveryone'ssurprise,thewomancandidatefromasmallparty（

）thepollinthefirstroundofvoting.问题1选项A.eclipsedB.outshinedC.toppedD.deprived10.单选题ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（

）awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.问题1选项A.circulationB.reproductionC.manipulationD.penetration11.单选题The150millionpeoplewholiveoutsidethecountryoftheirbirthmakeuplessthan2.5percentofworldpopulation,buttheyhaveanimportancefarbeyondtheirnumbers.Someinternationalmigrantsarerefugeesorstudents,butthosewiththemostimpactareeconomicmigrants,drawntoplacessuchasLosAngeles,wherethewagesmaybethreetimesgreaterthanthoseinBombay.Thesemigrantstendtobeyoungandwillingtoworkforlowwages.Thoughtraditionallyunskilled,agrowingnumberarehighlyeducated.Immigrationisnowthemajorcontributortodemographicchangeinmanydevelopedcountries.IntheU.S.,accordingtothelatestU.S.CensusBureauprojection,thepopulationwillgrowby129millionintheperiodfrom2000to2050,butifimmigrationstopsitwouldgoupbyjust54million.WesternEurope’spopulationis42percentgreaterthanthatoftheU.S.,butitsprojectedimmigrationisonlyabouthalfthatoftheU.S.;asaconsequence,theregionexpectedtolose28millionpeopleoverthenext50years.Japan,whichhasclosetozeronetmigration,isprojectedtolose26millionby2050.(DeathswillstartoutrunningbirthsinwestEuropeandJapanaroundthemiddleofthisdecade).Duringthepastsixyears,theU.S.received27percentoftheworldinternationalmigrants,comparedwith9percentbyGermany,thesecondmostpopulardestination.OnefourthofallmigrantstotheU.S.wenttoCalifornia;favoritecities,inorderofthenumberofforeign-bom,areLosAngeles,NewYorkCity,SanFrancisco,MiamiandChicago.Internationalmigrantsprimarilycomefromdevelopingcountries,withChinaat14percentandMexicoat8percentbeingthelatestsources.Afewdevelopingcountries,suchasAfghanistan,Bosnia,LiberiaandRwanda,havehadsignificantinfluxesinrecentyears,butthesereflectmainlythemovementofrefugees.Mostdevelopingcountrieshadnegativenetmigration.Inthepastfewyears,Europeancountrywithconsiderableimmigrationhashadareactionagainstforeignwork,accordingtosocialscientistChristopherJencksofHarvardUniversity.SomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990striedtorepatriatemigrantworkers.ThusfartheU.S.showsnosignsofreinstitutingtheextremelyrestrictiveImmigration,lawsofthepast,amajorreasonbeingthedependenceofmanyindustriesonasupplyofforeignlabor.Indeed,theAFL-CIO,onceanopponentofhighimmigrationquotashasreversepositionandisnowattemptingtoorganizeimmigrant.ThischangeinattitudeamongotherreasonsleadsJenckstoconcludethatasubstantialreversalofthecurrentliberalpoliciesisunlikely.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOTexactlydescribetheeconomicmigrants?2.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.immigrantsintheperiodfrom2000to2050willgrowby（

）.3.Manyrefugeesmovefromtheirnationstosuchdevelopingcountriesas（

）.

4.WhathappenedtosomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990s?5.TheAFL-CIOlikestoorganizeimmigrantsnowbecause（

）.问题1选项A.TheytendtobeyoungB.ManyofthemarehighlyeducatedC.TheyarewillingtoworkforlowwagesD.Theyconstitute2.5%oftheworldpopulation.问题2选项A.129millionB.54millionC.75millionD.28million问题3选项A.AfghanistanB.ChinaC.MexicoD.Pakistan问题4选项A.Theytriedtoattractmiremigrantworkers.B.Theywantedtodependmoreonforeignworkers.C.Theymanagedtoorganizeimmigrants.D.Theyattemptedtosendbackforeignworkers问题5选项A.itisanopponentofhighimmigrantquotasB.itsdevelopmentisdependentonforeignlaborC.ithasareactionagainstforeignworkersD.itshowsnosignofreinstitutingimmigrationlaws12.单选题Anobviouschangeofattitudeatthetoptowardswomen’sstatusinsocietywill（

）throughthecurrentlawsysteminJapan.问题1选项A.permeateB.probeC.violateD.grope13.单选题The（

）effectsofmanyillnessesmadehimaweakmanandhestilldidn’twanttodosportseveryday.问题1选项A.cumulativeB.formidableC.eternalD.prospective14.单选题Morethan85percentofFrenchCanada'spopulationspeaksFrenchasamothertongueand（

）totheRomanCatholicfaith.问题1选项A.catersB.adheresC.ascribesD.subscribes15.单选题Suchanapproachforcesthemanagerstocommunicatewithoneanotherandhelps（

）rigiddepartmentalboundaries.问题1选项A.passoverB.standforC.breakdownD.setoff16.单选题Youhavemadethemistakeofthinkingthathisbehavioris（

）;actually,veryfewofhisgroupbehavethatwayhedoes.问题1选项A.genericB.viableC.idiosyncraticD.soporific17.单选题Onceyougettoknowyourmistakes,youshould（

）themassoonaspossible.问题1选项A.rectifyB.reclaimC.refrainD.reckon18.单选题ItoldhimthatIwould（

）himtoactformewhileIwasawayfromoffice.问题1选项A.identifyB.authorizeC.rationalizeD.justify19.单选题SpreadacrosstheUnitedStatesareabout500,000doctors,cheekedbyjowl,inthebigcitiesandthinonthegroundinisolatedsmalltowns.InJune1986,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,Dr.OtisBowen,passedonaviewofhisexperts:5%-15%ofAmerica’s500,000doctorsshouldbecandidatesfordisciplinaryaction,manyofthembecauseofdrugtakingoralcoholism.Othersgivetheirpatientspoorcarebecausetheyaresenile,incompetent,guiltyofmisconductoroutoftouchwithdevelopmentsinmedicine.Thegranting,orwithdrawal,oflicensestopracticeisinthehandsofstatemedicalboards,buttheyareoverwhelmedwithcomplaintsandlackthemoneytohandleevenafractionofthem.Recently,however,thingshavebeenchanging.In1985,406doctorslosttheirlicenses(comparedwith255in1984),nearly500wereplacedonprobationandnearly1,000receivedreprimandsorhadtheirrighttopracticecurtailed.Thefederalinspectorgeneraldemanded,andwontherightforthestatesandthefederalgovernment,whichprovidehealthcarefortheelderlyandforthepoorundertheMedicareandMedicaidprogramme,torefusepaymenttothedoctorsconsideredunsatisfactory.Yetputtingthesepowersintopracticeisprovingtobefarfromeasy.Ofthe35doctorssofardeniedreimbursementfromMedicare,almostallworkinlightlypopulatedruralareas.OnMarch27th,theirindignationandthatoftheirpatientswereasympathetichearingbytheSenateFinanceCommittee.Ruraldoctorsmaynotbeasuptodateasthoseinthebigtowns,buttheyareoftentheonlysourceofmedicalhelpformilesaroundandtheirpatientsareloyaltothem.Membersofthereviewboards,whicharepaidbythegovernment,insist,however,thatelderlyandpoorpeopleshouldnotbeforcedtoreceive(andthestatetopayfor)inferiorcare.AninnovationisonthehorizoninTexas,themostunder-doctoredstateinthecountry(withonlyonedoctorforevery1,100residents).LubbockUniversityissettingupacomputernetworkthatwillenablecountrydoctorstoobtainmedicalexpertiseandaccesstomedicalrecordsinahurry.Theaimistoreducetheisolationofthecountrydoctorsandthus,inthelongrun,toattractmoreyoungdoctorstoruralareas.1.Themaintopicofthepassageis（

）.2.Accordingtothetext,disciplinaryactionshouldbetakenagainstthosewhogivepatientspoorcarebecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheunfitdoctors?4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatinthenearfuture（

）.

5.Theparagraphfollowingthetextwouldprobablydiscuss（

）.问题1选项A.thepresentsituationofAmericandoctorsB.thelegislationonruralmedicalservicesC.theproblemsofcountrydoctorsandpossiblesolutionsD.somefactorsofdisqualificationofcountrydoctors问题2选项A.takingdrugsanddrinkingalcoholB.feelingremorseoftheirbadbehaviorC.beingprofessionalunskillfulD.beingsickandconservative问题3选项A.1,500doctorsweredeprivedoftherighttopracticemedicine.B.Thefederalgovernmenthasgottherighttodenyreimbursementtothoseunqualifieddoctors.C.AlmostallthedoctorswhofailtogetpaymentfromMedicareworkindenselypopulatedurbanareas.D.Patientsintheruralareascomplainaboutthepoortreatmenttheirdoctorsgivethem.问题4选项A.therewillbemorequalifieddoctorsinruralareasB.therewillbeanevenmoreseriousimbalanceofthenumberofruralandurbandoctorsC.countrydoctorsarecompetitiveinbreakingmedicalrecordsD.morepatientswillgotoruralareasformedicaltreatment问题5选项A.problemsofurbandoctorsB.othersolutionstoimprovethepresentsituationC.researchinmedicalscienceD.reductionofstaffinruralhospitals20.单选题I（

）theminister’sfigures,thetruecostoftheprojectismuchhigher.问题1选项A.contendB.agreeC.disputeD.disagree21.单选题AbudgetapprovedbytheEuropeanParliamentfortheEuropeanEconomicCommunitywasdeclaredadoptedTuesdaydespiteoppositionbyministers.ThepresidentoftheParliament,SimoneVeil,signedthe$24.2billion1982budget,（1）theEECintoitsthird（2）budgetconflict.Minutesafterreceivinga（3）fromministersto（4）thesigningtogivetimetoworkouta（5），VeiltoldBritain'sFinancialSecretarytotheTreasury,NicholasRidley,shehadadoptedthebudget.Ridleytoldreporters（6）speakingtoVeilbytelephone,"Shehasadoptedit,andsheisabsolutely（7）thattheministersshouldwritetoherinthiswaywithout（8）consultation”.EECsources（9）mostmemberstateswouldprobably（10）tomakefullpaymentstothebudgetasadopted,andtheconflictwaslikelyto（11）wellintonextyear.Theministers'lettertoVeil,（12）afterameetinginBrusselsTuesday,（13）ofseriousconsequences（14）thebudgetwereadopted.“Thecouncilofministersappealstoyoutoputofftileadoptionofthe1982budget（15）aconsensuscanbefound..."itsaid.Theadoption（16）sixmonthsoftortuousnegotiationsbetweenthe434-memberAssemblyandEECbudgetministersover1982（17）.（18）wasblockedinthe（19）byparliament’sadditionearlierthismonthofsome$250millionmuchofitforjobsprograms.Thenumberofpeopleoutof（20）intheEECinNovemberreachedarecordofalmost10millionorninepercentoftheworkingpopulation,accordingtotheEECstatisticsoffice.问题1选项A.undergoingB.confrontingC.plungingD.converting问题2选项A.consecutiveB.consequentC.sequentialD.preceding问题3选项A.bulkB.pleaC.honorD.grant问题4选项A.delayB.detainC.prolongD.extend问题5选项A.cooperationB.combinationC.compromiseD.coincidence问题6选项A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.as问题7选项A.furiousB.cautiousC.apprehensiveD.nervous问题8选项A.urgentB.crucialC.priorD.durable问题9选项A.saidB.questionedC.toldD.addressed问题10选项A.contradictB.denyC.refuseD.concede问题11选项A.stretchB.lastC.gearD.proceed问题12选项A.outlinedB.draftedC.polishedD.compiled问题13选项A.warnedB.disposedC.dreamtD.conceived问题14选项A.evenifB.ifC.sothatD.for问题15选项A.untilB.whileC.althoughD.since问题16选项A.characterizedB.followedC.stimulatedD.brought问题17选项A.spendingB.provisionsC.surveyD.slogan问题18选项A.clashB.agreementC.optionD.abundance问题19选项A.endB.dawnC.eventD.dark问题20选项A.reachB.shapeC.pulseD.work22.单选题Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth.Theydonot“learn”onlyinschool;theylearnalsoduringplay,fromentertainment,andinsociallifewithadultsandwithotherchildren.Totakelargechunksoftimeoutofachild’slife——timeduringwhichheorsheisnotpositively,thatis,educationally,occupied——meanstointerferewithhealthfulmentalgrowth.Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.Agreatdealoflearningcomesintheformofentertainment,andagreatdealofentertainmentpainlesslyteachesimportantthings.Bynostretchofcriticalstandardscanthetextincomicsqualifyasliterature,orthedrawingsasart.Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil.Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife.Ihaveknownmanyadultswhohavetreasuredthroughouttheirlivessomeofthebookstheyreadaschildren.Ihavenevercomeacrossanyadultoradolescentwhohadoutgrowncomicbookreadingwhowoulddreamofkeepinganyofthesebooksforanysentimentalorotherreason.Inotherwords,childrenspendalargeamountoftimeandmoneyonthesepublicationsandhavenothingpositivetoshowforit.Andsincealmostallgoodchildren’sreadinghassomeeducationalvalue,comicsbytheirnaturearenotonlynon-educational;theyareanti-educational.Theyfailtoteachanythingthatmightbeusefultoachild;theydosuggestmanythingsthatareharmful.1.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethatcomicbooks（

）.2.Inline2,theunderlinedword“question”mostnearlymeans（

）.

3.Theauthorcriticizesthosewhowould“makeasharpdistinction”(line7)becausetheauthorbelievesthat（

）.

4.Inlines11-13,thethreesentencesbeginningwith‘"they”primarilyserveto（

）.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.问题1选项A.impairsocialdevelopmentB.couldbenefitfromself-regulationC.havenoeducationalvalueD.areobtainedtooeasily问题2选项A.matterB.requestC.objectionD.possibility问题3选项A.thebesteducatorsarealsoentertainersofasortB.withoutentertainmentlittlelearningtakesplaceC.entertainmentandlearningarecloselyinterrelatedD.textbooksoftenadoptcertainhumoroustechniques问题4选项A.lamentstudents’lackofinterestintraditionallearningB.condemnthosewhoprofitbypanderingtochildrenC.indicatewaysinwhichchildrenareshortchangedD.specifyhowcomicbooksmightbeimproved问题5选项A.facetiousB.severeC.sarcasticD.analytical23.单选题Withtherapidglobalizationofscienceitself(morethan40percentofscientificPh.D.studentstrainedintheUnitedStatesarenowforeignnationals,roughlyhalfofwhomreturntotheircountriesoforigin),theonceundisputedU.S.scientificlead,whetherrelevanttoproductleadornot,isdiminishing.Thecompetitionofforeignstu