2022年江西省赣州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022年江西省赣州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

AsthecentersiteoftheworshipofZeus,OlympiahostedtheopeningceremonyfortheancientOlympicgames.

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2.TimeintheAnimalMind

Humansareborntimetravelers.Wemaynotbeabletosendourbodiesintothepastorthefuture,atleastnotyet,butwecansendourminds.Wecanreliveeventsthathappenedlongagoorimagineourselvesinthefuture.Newstudiessuggestthatthetwodirectionsoftimetravelareintimatelytwistedtogetherinthehumanbrain.Butsomeexpertsonanimalbehavior.donotthinkweareuniqueinthisrespect.Theypointtoseveralrecentexperimentssuggestingthatanimalscanvisitthepastandfutureaswell.

Thefirstcluesaboutthetwistsandturnsofmentaltimetravelcamefrompeoplewithcertainbraininjuriesthatcausedthemtoforgetautobiographicaldetailswithoutforgettingtheinformationtheyhadpickedupalongtheway.AmanknownasK.C.,forinstance,couldplaychesswithnomemoryofhavingeverplayedit.K.C.couldremembersentencespsychologiststaughthimwithoutanymemoryofthelessons.K.C.hadlostwhatpsychologistsnowcallepisodicmemory.EndelTulving,aCanadianpsychologist,definedepisodicmemoryastheabilitytorecallthedetailsofpersonalexperiences:whathappened,whereithappened,whenithappenedandsoon.Dr.Tulvingarguedthatepisodicmemorywasdistinctfromotherkindsofmemorythatdidnotinvolvepersonalexperience.Peoplecanrememberhowtogettoasubwaystop,forexample,withoutrecallingthefirsttimetheywerethere.

Episodicmemorywasalsouniquetoourspecies,Dr.Tulvingmaintained.Foronething,hearguedthatepisodicmemoryrequiredself-awareness.Youcan'trememberyourselfifyoudon'tknowyouexist.Healsoarguedthattherewasnoevidenceanimalscouldrecollectexperiences,evenifthoseexperiencesleftanimpressiononthem.

Manyanimalbehavior.expertsagreedwithDr.Tulving,eventhoughtheyhadnotactuallyrunexperimentstestingtheidea.ButwhenNicolaClayton,acomparativepsychologist,firstheardabouttheclaim,shehadadifferentreaction.Dr.Claytonbegantotestwesternscrubjays(灌丛鸦)toseeiftheymetanyofthecriteriaforepisodicmemory.Thejayscanhideseveralthousandpiecesoffoodeachyearandrememberthelocationofeachone.Dr.Claytonwonderedifscrubjayssimplyrememberedlocations,oriftheyrememberedtheexperienceofhidingthefood.

Sherananexperimentusingtwokindsoffood:mothlarvae(幼虫)andpeanuts.Scrubjayspreferlarvaetopeanutswhilethelarvaearestillfresh.Whenthelarvaearedeadforafewhours,thejayspreferpeanuts.Dr.Claytongavethebirdsachancetohidebothkindsoffoodandthenputtheminanothercage.Shelaterreturnedthebirdstotheirhiding-places,insomecasesafterfour,hoursandinothercasesafterfivedays.Thetimethescrubjaysspentawayfromtheircacheshadabigeffectonthetypeoffoodtheylookedfor.Thebirdsthatwaitedfourhourstendedtodiguplarvae,andthebirdsthathadtowaitforfivedayspassedthelarvaebyandduguppeanutsinstead.

In1998,Dr.Claytonandhercolleaguespublishedtheresultsoftheirexperiment,declaringthatscrubjaysmetthestandardsfor"episodic-like"memory.OtherscientistshavefollowedDr.Clayton'sleadandhavesearchedforsignsofepisodic-likememoryinetheranimals.Whenratsareexploringamaze,forexample,theyseemtobeabletorecallwhichkindsoffoodtheyencounteredalongtheway.Hummingbirds(蜂鸟)seemtorememberwhereandwhentheyvisitedindividualflowersfornectar.Rhesusmonkeys(恒河猴)canrememberwheretheyputfood,butnothowlongagotheyputitthere.

Someresearchershavenotbeenpersuadedbythesestudies,however."Animalsseemtobelivingverymuchinthepresent,"saidThomasSuddendorf,acomparativepsychologistattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.Dr.Suddendorfarguesthatascrubjaycouldremembertypeof

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3.

ThestoryofMirabelleillustratesacommonuseofgossip—itmakesthegossipingones______.

4.

Whenyousoundor"hear"wordsasyouread,youshouldforceyourselftofocusonimportantwordsand______.

5.

Nonewerefullyawareoftheunsafeconditionsforloadingammunitionuntiltheexplosionoccurred.

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6.Thevolunteersweresurprisedatthefactthatineverydaydecision-making,people'sbeliefsareoften______.

7.

Itisrecommendedthattheexercisershouldpickupanactivityhe/shelikessothathe/shemay______.

8.Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheChoice:DoomsdayorArborDay

Environmentalissuesaffecteverylifeonthisplanetfromthesmallestparasitetothehumanrace.Thereasonforthisissimple.AsingledisruptionintheEarth'sdelicatebalancecanmeancertaindestructionoftheveryplacethatcradlesthelivesofmanyspecies.Onesuchissuethatrequiresconsiderationisdeforestation.Treeshavebeenorarebeingcutdownatincreasinglyhighrates.Ifthisisnotstoppedmanyunfavorableandirreversibleeffectscouldresult.

WhyTreesMatter

Tounderstandwhydeforestationissuchapressingandurgentissue,forestsmustfirstbegivencreditforwhattheybringtoglobalecosystemsandthequalityoflifethatallspeciesmaintain.TropicalRainforestspresentlygiveaplacetocallhomefor50%—90%ofallorganisms,90%ofourrelatives,theprimates,and50millioncreaturesthatcanlivenoplacebuttherichrainforests.Notonlyareotherspeciesatrisk,butthehumanracealsobenefitsfromwhatthetreesgive.Fromsomethingasminorasthespicesthatindulgefoodtolife-givingmedicines,therainforestsamplifyandsavelives.Theforestsgivelife,notonlytootherspecies,buttheyhelptoprolongthehumanrace.

PopulationGrowthandDeforestation

Sothisleadsintoaveryconfusingquestionofthe20thcentury.Whyarethesetreesbeingtorndown?TheWorldWideForestReportfoundthatwhentheRomanEmpirewasincontrolofEurope90%ofthecontinentwasforested.Today500,000hectorsvanishinasingleweek.Thereisnooneeasyanswerastherearemanycausesattherootofdeforestation.Oneisoverpopulationincitiesanddevelopingcountries.Populationiscontinuallygrowinginthethirdworld.Somehadlanduntilincreasesinpopulationforcedthemoffitandtheybecamelandlesspeasantsthatareforcedtolookforlandintheuntouchedforests.Thismovementtotheforestsisinsomewaysaresultofgovernmentpressures.Inplaceofimplementingprogramstohelpthepoorthesegovernmentsconcentrateonthecheapestandeasiestwaytokeeppovertyoutofsightandgivethepoornootherchoicebuttoforceotherspeciesoutandthemselvesin.Thepoorarepushedinfurtherandfurtheranddestroymoreeverytimetheymustmoveon.

LoggingandDeforestation

Thesmallfarmerplaysabigrole,butitismodemindustrythattoocutsdownthetrees.Theloggingindustryisfueledbytheneedfordisposableproducts.11millionacresayeararecutforcommercialandpropertyindustries.PeterHellerfoundthatMcDonald'sneeds800squaremilesoftreestomaketheamountofpapertheyneedforayear'ssupplyofpackaging.BritishColumbiaisreportedtomanufacture7,500,000pairsofchopsticksaday,andthereisalsothehighdemandforfuelwood.Loggingdoestoohaveitsrepercussions(影响).

CattleGrazingandDeforestation

Anotherofthemoredevastatingforcesbehinddeforestationiscattlegrazing.Withtheinternationalgrowthoffastfoodchainsthisseemstobeanevidentfactorintheclearingoftreestoday.Largecorporationslookingtobuybeefforhamburgerandevenpetfoodseekcheappricesandarefindingthemwiththegrowthofcattlegrazing.IntheAmazonr

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9.

Ifrhymeisusedinthetaglineandthebrandnameismentioned,makesurethatthenameis______.

10.

WhenWilcoxlivedinthevalley,hewassatisfiedwiththefactthattheremainsof______wasundisturbed.

11.

Somestudentsdon'tfeelcomfortablewhencallingateacheronthetelephoneiftheyneedhelp.

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12.SuggestionsforYourWork

Annieisalongtimesecretary/receptionistfortwoseniorvicepresidentsatabigcompany.Theyhavebeendoingalotofhiringlately,andalmostallofthenewmiddle-managementpersonnelhavebeeninterviewedbyoneortheotherofAnnie'stwobosses,sonaturallytheycomethroughherofficefirst.

Someofthesepeopleareunbelievablyrude.EithertheytreatAnnielikeapieceoffurniture(nohello,noeyecontact)ortheythinksheistheirerrand(差使)girl.Lately,Annie'stwobosseshavestartedaskingherforherimpressionsofjobcandidates.Sofarthisweek,twohavebeendiscourteous(失礼的)anddismissive,soAnniegaveboththethumbs-down.Neitherisgettingcalledbackforthenextroundofinterviews.

Nooneknowshowcommonthisis,butifyouarejobhunting,it'snecessarytobeawarethatthedummyatthereceptiondeskmaybeanythingbutnot"justasecretary".

SuggestionstoJobHunters

AccordingtoAnnieStevensandGregGostanian,twopartnersataBoston-basedexecutivecoachingfirmcalledClearRock,it'snotunusualthesedaysforahiringmanagertoaskeveryonewhomeetsapotentialnewhiretogiveanopinionofhimorher."Oneofthebiggestreasonssomanynewlyrecruitedmanagersfailinanewjobistheirinabilitytofitinandgetalongwiththepeoplewhoarealreadythere,"saysStevens."Soemployersnowwanttogetstaffers'impressionsrightatthestart."

AddsGostanian:"Alotcanbelearnedfromhowcandidatestreatreceptionists,Ifthejobseekerisrude,condescending,orarrogant,thismightbeanindicationofhowheorshewouldtreatcoworkersordirectreports."

Obviously,anyonelookingforanewjobwoulddowellnottoalienatethepersonwhositsoutsidetheinterviewer'sdoor.StevensandGostanianofferthesesixtipsforgettingofftotherightstart:

-introduceyourselfasyouwouldtoanyotherpotentialnewcolleague.Smile,shakehands,andsoon.Itseemsoddthatthishastobespelledout,butapparentlyitdoes;and,besidesbeingamatterofcommoncourtesy,ordinaryfriendlinessoffersapracticaladvantage."Learningandrememberinganinterviewer'sreceptionist'snamecanonlyhelpasyouadvanceintheinterviewingprocess,"Stevensnotes.

-Don'tregardareceptionistorotherassistantasanunderling(部下)--atleast,notasyourownpersonalunderling."Alwaysasktheinterviewerifyouneedhelpfromanyoneelseintheofficewhereyou'reinterviewing,insteadofseekingthisdirectlyyourself,"saysGostanian.Inotherwords,ifyou'dliketoleaveanextracopyofyourresume,refrainfromsendingtheinterviewer'sassistanttotheXeroxmachine.

-It'sfinetoacceptifyou'reofferedabeverage,butkeepitsimple."Don'taskforparticularbrandnamesorexpecttobebrewedafreshpotofcoffee,"Stevenssays.Andofcourse,needweaddthatdispatchinganybodytoStarbucksisoutofthequestion?

-Feelfreetomakesmalltalk,butknowthatanythingyousaymaywellgetbacktotheinterviewer."Don'taskprobingquestionsaboutthecompanyorofferunsolicitedopinions,"Gostardanadvises.Nomatterhowhideoustheofficedoor,endlessthehikefromtheparkinglot,orinconvenientthewaittoseetheinterviewer,keepittoyourself.Plentyoftimeforwhining(抱怨)andgrumblingafteryou'rehired.

-Don'ttalkonyourcellphoneinfrontofthereceptionist,andtrytoputyourBlackBerryaside."Ifyouhavetomakeortakeacall,leavethereceptionarea,"Stevenssays.Preoccupationwithwirelessdeviceswillmarkyou,shesays,as"acoldandfixatedperson".

-"Don'tforgettosaygood-bye."Failuretosaygood-byetosomeoneyou'vejustmetreflectsnegativelyonyou,"Gostaniannotes."You'llcomeacrossasimpersonalanduncaring."That'shardlytheim

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13.

Asaresultofsteadyandpredictableincreasesinsciencefunding______.

14.

Whichgroupofpeopleareadvisedtoholdshealthinsurance?

A.Thosewhocan'taffordthemedicaldebts.

B.Thosewhorunprivatebusinesses.

C.Thosewhoareabove65yearsold.

D.Thosewhoareunder65yearsold.

15.Himalaya'sRecedingGlaciers

Thegreatmajorityoftheworld'sglaciersappeartobedecliningatratesequaltoorgreaterthanlong-establishedtrends,accordingtoearlyresultsfromajointNASAandUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)projectdesignedtoprovideaglobalassessmentofglaciers.Atthesametime,asmallminorityofglaciersareadvancing.

ScientistsmonitoronlyafewofIndia'svitalglaciers,whicharerecedingbyasmuchas100feeteachyear.

BillionsofpeopleinChinaandtheIndiansubcontinentrelyonSouthAsia'sHimalayanglacierstheworld'slargeststoreoffreshwateroutsidethepolaricecaps.Themassiveicefloesfeedsevenoftheworld'sgreatestAsianriversinoneoftheworld'smostdenselypopulatedregions.

YetasglobalclimatechangeslowlymeltsglaciersfromAfricatotheAndes,scientistssaytheglaciersintheHimalayasareretreatingairarateofabout33to49feeteachyear—fasterthaninanyotherpartoftheworld.

IntheHimalayas,theGangotriGlacier,oneofIndia'slargest,isentitledtoanevenmoredubiousdistinction.RecentstudiesrevealthattheGangotri,whichformsamassoficeabout18mileslong,isretreatingatarateofmorethan100feetayear.ButaccordingtogovernmentofficialsandenvironmentalgroupslikeGreenpeace,verylittlehasbeendoneinthewayofarigorousscientificstudy.Scientistsaremonitoringglacialmeltingononlyahandfulofthe7,000glaciersthatcovertheIndianHimalayas.

Whileicereflectsthesun'srays,lakewaterabsorbsandtransmitsheatmoreefficientlytotheunderlyingice,kickingoffafeedbackthatcreatesfurthermelting.Andatsucharapidretreat,agradualincreaseindroughts,flashfloods,andlandslidesarenottheonlyissuetoworryabout,sayenvironmentalists.Glacierchangesinthenext100yearscouldsignificantlyaffectagriculture,watersupplies,hydroelectricpower,transportation,mining,coastlines,andecologicalhabitats.Justwhen

powercompaniesareplanningmoreenergysourcestopowerIndia'sgrowingeconomy,arisinglevelofsedimentinregionalriversiscreatinghavocformanygrids.

"ThepowergridinUttarkashiisconstantlybreakingdownandthat'sbecauseoftheriseinsedimentinthewaterbeingusedatthehydro-powerprojects,"saysJosephThsetanGerganfromtheWADIAInstituteofHimalayanGlaciology,apartoftheIndianDepartmentofScienceandTechnology."Whenthepowerbreaksdown,thepeopleblametheGeologicalSurveyofIndiaortheCentralWaterCommissionfornotdoingitsworkproperly,butthat'slikethinkingofdiggingawellwhenyourhouseisalreadyonfire."

WhiletheGangotrihasbeenretreatingsincemeasurementsbeganin1842,therateofretreat,whichwasaround62feetperyearbetween1935and1971,hasalmostdoubled.GlobalwarmingiscausingHimalayanglacierstorapidlyretreat,threateningtocausewatershortagesforhundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhorelyonglacier-dependentriversinChina,IndiaandNepal.InnorthwestChina,theQinghaiPlateau'swetlandshaveseendeclininglakewaterlevels,lakeshrinkage,theabsenceofwaterflowinriversandstreamsandthedegradationofswampwetlands

Anaddeddifficulty,saysMr.Gergan,isthelackofasustainedresearcheffortsincethe1970s.TheIndiangovernment'sownrecommendations,issuedinMarch2002bythestandingcommitteeonScienceandTechnology,notedthatglacialmeltingrequiredimmediateimplementationofaprogramtomeasureandmonitorthechangestotheGangotrianditsimpactontheGangesriversystems.

"It'snotenoughtojustnotethefactthattheglaciersaremelting,"Gergansays."Theimpactofthatisnotbeingfocusedonatall."Meltingicemaycauseseriousproblemsandalltheseimpactswillchangewithtime.

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16.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestion1--7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8--10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Geniuses

In1905,AlbertEinsteindevelopedthetheoryofspecialrelativity.Healsoprovedthatatomsexistandfiguredoutthatlightbehavesasbothaparticleandawave.Totopitalloff,hedevelopedhisfamousequationE=mcc,whichdescribestherelationshipbetweenmatterandenergy,thesameyear.Hewasonly26yearsold.

Withoutadoubt,Einsteinwasagenius.SowasIsaacNewton-asanyfanof"StarTrek".TheNextGenerationcansayheinventedphysics.Healsoplayedabigroleinthedevelopmentofcalculus,whichsomepeoplehavetroublecomprehendingevenafterextensiveclassroomstudy.Anothergenius,WolfgangAmadeusMozart,startedcomposingmusicwhenhewas5yearsold.Mozartwrotehundredsofpiecesbeforehisdeathin1760atage35.

Accordingtoconventionalwisdom,geniusesaredifferentfromeveryoneelse.Theycanthinkfasterandbetterthanotherpeople,Inaddition,manypeoplethinkthatallthatextrabrainpowerleadstoeccentricorquirkybehavior.Andalthoughgeniusesarefairlyeasytospot,definingexactlywhatmakesonepersonageniusisalittletrickier.Figuringouthowthatpersonbecameageniusisharderstill.

Therearetwobigthingsthatmakeitdifficulttostudygenius:

Thegeniuslabelissubjective.Somepeopleinsistthatanyonewithanintelligencequotient(IQ)higherthanacertainvalueisagenius.OthersfeelthatIQtestsmeasureonlyalimitedpartofaperson'stotalintelligence.Somebelievehightestscoreshavelittletodowithrealgenius.

Geniusisabig-pictureconcept.Mostscientificandmedicalinquiries,ontheotherband,examinedetails.Aconceptassubjectiveasgeniusisn'teasytoquantify,analyzeorstudy.

So,whenexploringhowgeniuseswork,it'sagoodideatostartbydefiningpreciselywhatageniusis.Forthepurposeofthisarticle,ageniusisn'tsimplysomeonewithanexceptionallyhighIQ.Instead,ageniusisanextraordinarilyintelligentpersonwhobreaksnewgroundwithdiscoveries,inventionsorworksofart.Usually,agenius'workchangesthewaypeopleviewtheworldorthefieldinwhichtheworktookplace.Inotherwords,ageniusmustbebothintelligentandabletousethatintelligenceinaproductiveorimpressiveway.

GeniusandtheBrain

Thebrainregulatesthebody'sorgansystems.Whenapersonmovesaround,itsendsimpulsesalongthenervesandtellsthemuscleswhattodo.Thebraincontrolsthesensesofsmell,taste,touch,sightandhearing,andthepersonexperiencesandprocessesemotionsusinghisbrain,Ontopofallthat,thebrainallowspeopletothink,analyzeinformationandsolveproblems.Buthowdoesitmakesomeonesmart?

Scientistshaven'tfiguredoutexactlyhowallthegraymatterinthebrainworks,buttheydohaveanideaofwhichpartletspeoplethink.Thecerebralcortex(大脑皮层),whichistheoutermostpartofthebrain,iswherethoughtandreasoninghappen.Thesearethebrain'shigherfunction--thelowerfunctions,whichrelatetobasicsurvival,takeplacedeeperinthebrain.

Thecerebralcortexisthelargestpartofthebrain,andit'sfullofwrinklesandfoldsthatallowittofitintheskull.Ifanadulthuman'scerebralcortexisremovedandstretchedout,itwouldbeaboutaslargeasafewpagesofanewspaper.It'sdividedintos

A.AlbertEinstein.

B.StarTrek.

C.WolfgangMozart.

D.IsaacNewton.

17.

TheMilkyWaybegantoform.about11.billionyearsearlierthanEarth.

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18.

CollegeeducationistoblameforthefailureofAmerica'smathandscienceeducation.

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19.

Theperiodbetweenanearlysenseofforebodingandanactualcareerinflectionpointisthetimeforyouto______.

20.

"Waterclocks"wasthefirstdevicethatdidn'tusetheobservationofthecelestialbodiestocalculatethepassageoftime.

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(25)

A.Therearefourchildreninthefamily.

B.Tomistooyoungtostartschooling.

C.Janemustbetheeldestinhisfamily.

D.Billwouldbeastudentnextyear.

22.【B10】

23.(22)

A.Thetransformer.B.Thebattery.C.Thefuses.D.Thewires.

24.(34)

A.Theimprovementofconversationalskills.

B.Themanagementofguncontrolorganizations.

C.America'sgun-relatedviolence.

D.Theprohibitionofweapons.

25.听力原文：W:Howdoyouusuallyspendyourweekend?

M:Inthesummer,Iusuallysitinthepark.Intheautumn,Igoforlongwalks.Atotherstimesoftheyear,Iliketodooddjobsaroundthehouseorpaint.

Q:Whatdoyouteamfromtheconversation?

(18)

A.Themansitsintheparkinspringatweekend.

B.Themandoessomeoddjobsinwinteratweekend.

C.Themangoesforlongwalksinautumnatweekend.

D.Themanliketopainthishouseinsummeratweekend.

26.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Theweatherisn'texactlywhatIwouldcallcomfortableforplayingfootball.Itisquitechilly.

W:Isn'tit,though?IwishIhadbroughtmyheavysweateralong.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkabouttheweather?

(12)

A.Shebroughthersweateralongincaseitisgettingcold.

B.Shedoesn'tthinktheweatheriscoldenough.

C.Sheagreesthattheweatherwasn'tsupposedtobesocold.

D.Shebelievesitisagooddaytoplayfootball.

27.(44)

28.(43)

29.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.He'drathernotgotothelecture.

B.He'sgoingtoattendthelecture.

C.He'llgivealectureondrawing.

D.Hedoesn'tmindifthewomangoestothelecture.

30.听力原文：W:We'veallheardthesaying"Laughteristhebestmedicine."Howimportantisittoouthealth,Dr.Berk?

M:Thissayinghasbeenscientificallyproven!Accordingtoourresearch,laughterstrengthenstheimmunesystemandlowersthelevelsofstresshormones...

W:Canyoubemorespecific?

M:Well,(23)afteraboutoflaughter,bloodpressuredropstoalower,healthierlevelthanwhenthelaughterbegan.Dr.WilliamFryofStanfordUniversityfoundthat"twentysecondsofguffawinggivestheheartthesameworkoutasthreeminutesofhardrowing".

W:Whatelse?

M:Anotheryear-longstudyofheartattackvictimsdoneattheOakhurstHealthResearchInstituteinCaliforniafoundthatofthosepatientswhospenthalfanhouradaywatchingcomedyvideos,10percenthadasecondheartattack,whereas30percentofthosewhodidnotwatchhadasecondattack.

W:Wow!Laughterisreallyagoodmedicinetopatients.Sodowehavetolearntolaugh?

M:Notnecessarily.(24)Sincelaughingissomethingpeoplecandosittingdown,costsnomoney,andrequiresnospecialexerciseequipmentorskill,it'stheperfectworkoutforanyonewhodoesn'thavethetimeordesiretoparticipateinaregularfitnessprogram.

W:Oh,Isee.Whataboutthesituationinwhichyouaren'tinamoodtolaugh?

M:OK,remember,(25)evenwhenyoufakeasmileorlaugh,yougetthesamephysiologicalbenefitsaswhenit'stherealthing,becauseyourmindissmart,butyourbodyisstupidandcan'ttel1thedifference.

W:Great!I'velearnedit.Thankyouverymuch!

M:Mypleasure.

(20)

A.Thelevelsofhisstresshormoneswillbelowered.

B.Hisbloodpressurewilldroptoalowerlevel.

C.Hewillhaveabetterappetite.

D.Hisbodytemperaturewillrise.

31.听力原文：M:I'msotired,Ican'tseestraight.

W:You'vebeentiredalotlately,haven'tyou?

M:Well,forthelastfewweeks,Ihavehadmstayupmostofthenighttoobservestarconfigurationsforaprojectformyastronomyclass.It'sawful!NomatterwhattimeIgotobed,Ialwayswakeupat6:00a.m.That'sthetimeIusuallygetup.

W:Yourbiologicalrhythmsprobablyhaven'tbeenadjustedtoyournewschedule.I'vereadthatsomepeoplehavealotoftroublewhentheirsleeprhythmissointerrupted.Evensleepingpillsdon'thelpthem.

M:Iknow.InfactI'veheardtherearenowseveralspecialtreatmentcentersforsleepdisordersacrossthecountry.Somepeoplesleeptoolittle.Somepeoplesleeptoomuch.Somewalkintheirsleep.

W:I'dliketofindouthowtheytreatproblemslikethat.Maybeyoushouldgotooneofthosecenters.

M:Notme.Afternextweek,myprojectwillbefinishedandI'llgobacktomyregularhours.NowIknowforsurethatIdon'twanttobeanastronomer.

(20)

A.Astronomy.

B.Psychology.

C.Jobcounselling.

D.Physicaltherapy.

32.听力原文：About25millionchildrenindevelopingcountrieshavenohomes.Sotheyliveoncitystreets.Another75millionchildrenliveathomebutworkonthestreets.UnitedNationsChildren'sFundsaysmostofthesechildrendonotreceiveeducationorhealthcare.Theprivateorganizationknownas"ChildHopeU.S.A."istryingtodosomethingtohelpthesechildren.

Thegrouphasmanygoals.ChildHopeU.S.A.wantstohaltthespreadofAIDSandtheuseofillegaldrugsamongchildren.Itwantstoprotectyounggirlsfrombeingmistreatedsexually.Itwantstoteachchildrenhowtoprotectthemselves,howtosurviveconditionsonthestreetsandhowtofeelgoodab