Unit1 Festivals Around the World知识点复习总结

Unit1FestivalsAroundtheWorld知识点复习总结Unit1FestivalsAroundtheWorld知识点复习总结24/24PAGE24Unit1FestivalsAroundtheWorld知识点复习总结Unit1FestivalsAroundtheWorld知识点复习总结Unit1FestivalsAroundtheWorld词汇讲义1.takeplace发生；举行Inthemeantime,aneconomiccrisistookplace.TheOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.联想拓展 takeone’splace=taketheplaceof...代替…inplaceof代替takethefirstplace获得第一名易混辨析takeplace/happen/breakout/occurtakeplace通常表示计划、安排之内的“发生”。happen指事情偶然的发生，常带有未能预见的含义；另外，还有“碰巧”之意。breakout指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。occur指按计划发生，常指（某想法、某事）出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构:Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that表示“某人想起某事”。ItoccurredtomethatIhadforgottenmykeys.①Itwasinthechurchthattheirwedding_________________(举行).②Willyouattendthemeeting_____________(代替)me?③(就座),please!Wearereadytostart.2.inmemoryof=tothememoryof作为对某人的纪念；纪念某人（memory前不加任何冠词）Manyceremoniesareinmemoryoffamouspeople.Theywillbuildamonumentinmemoryofthenationalhero.联想拓展：inhonourof为了纪念……；向……表示敬意inpraiseof歌颂；称赞infavourof赞同,支持 inchargeof负责inneedof需要；缺少insearchof寻找inpossessionof拥有(1)Thismonumentwasbuiltthelittlehero.A.inplaceof B.insearchofC.inmemoryof D.inneedof(2)用由“in+n.+of”构成的短语填空。①Amonumentwassetup(纪念)thedeadsoldiers.3.belief

n.[C/U]信任；信仰，信心believevi.&vt.相信常用结构：havebeliefinsth./sb.对某物/某人的真实性和正确性有信心beyondbelief难以置信inthebeliefthat...相信……Itismybeliefthat...我相信……Itisbeyondbeliefthat…Hehasgreatbeliefinhisdoctor.他对他的医生无比信赖。ShehaslostherbeliefinGod.她已不相信上帝。4.dressup盛装，打扮(常用于dressupassb./dressupinsth.结构)Wearesupposedto_______________(打扮成)moviecharactersfortheparty.Whatanovelidea!She______________(穿着)Elizabethancostumeforthefancydressball.常用结构：bedressedin穿着……衣服bedressedas打扮成bewelldressed衣着讲究dressoneself穿衣，打扮dresssb.给某人穿衣服getdressed指动作inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.Dressed B.TodressC.Dressing D.Havingdressed5.trickn.①[C]诡计；骗局；谋略；花招Oneoftheproblemsofoldageisthatyourmemorycanstarttoplaytricksonyou.②窍门，招数，手法Dailypracticeisthetrickinlearningaforeignlanguage.Heusedtheoldtrickofattackinginordertodefendhimself.Thetrickistokeepyourbodystillandyourarmsrelaxed.playatrick/tricksonsb.搞恶作剧;诈骗;开玩笑ThechildrenplayedatrickontheirteacheronAprilFool’sDay.联想拓展：playajokeonsb.开某人的玩笑makefunofsb.取笑某人laughatsb.嘲笑某人smileatsb.向某人微笑makeafoolof愚弄；嘲笑用适当的介词填空。①Tomlikedmakingfunothersinpublic.②It’sbadmannerstolaughthedisabled.③Theseboyslikeplayingtrickstheirteacher.④Hesmiledmewhenheheardmyfunnyanswer.6.易混辨析：gain/win/get/earn/acquiregain指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而“获得……”，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得”。get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。①I’mnewinthejobbutIhavealready_______experience.②Pleasemeaglassofwater.③Hisperseverancehimmanyfriendsandagoldmedal.④Heupto$50,000ayearbywritingstories.⑤Aftersixyears’study,hehasagoodknowledgeofEnglish.7.gathervt.1)收集；召集；使聚集[(+together)]Heisgatheringmaterialsforanewbook.Thekidsweregatheredtogetherinoneroom.2)积聚；积蓄Thisclothgathersdust.3)收拾；摘；采集；收割[(+in/up)]Thegirlisgatheringflowers.Peopleslowlygatheredtheirbelongingsandleftthehall.4)渐增Thesledgatheredspeedasitmoveddownthehill.5)猜想,推测[+(that)]Igatherthatheistheoneincharge.6)使皱起Shegatheredherbrowsintoafrown.8.awardvt.授予，奖给(后多接双宾语)；判定awardsth(tosb.)awardsb.sth(forsth)beawardedsthforsthThejudgesawardedbothfinalistsequalpoints.这位裁判判给进入决赛的选手们同样的分数.n.奖，奖品；奖金Hegotthehighestawardinthecontest.易混辨析：award/prize/rewardaward既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。prize为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。reward既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。Hewontheawardforthebeststudentoftheyear.Aprizewasgiventothepersonwhohadthewinningnumber.Hereceivedamedalasarewardforhiscourage.例:Threeuniversitydepartmentshavebeen_____$600,000todevelopgoodpracticeinteachingandlearning.A.promoted B.includedC.secured D.awarded9.admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语，但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。admiresb.forsth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人Theyadmiredourgarden.Iadmirehimforhissuccessinbusiness.Aren’tyougoingtoadmiremynewhouse?admirationn.赞美，钦佩；令人赞美的人或物expressadmirationforsb.对某人表示钦佩havegreatadmirationforsb.十分钦佩某人inadmirationof表示钦佩with/inadmiration心怀钦佩地admirern.钦佩者；羡慕者admiringadj赞赏的，羡慕的10.lookforwardto期待某事/做某事(to为介词，后接名词或动名词)Weshouldlookforwardtothefuturity.Shemustbelookingforwardasmuchtohisreturnashehimselfistoher.A.seeB.haveseenC.seeingD.beseeing用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Theboyhurriedforward(see)theworldfamousoilpaintingbecausehehadbeenlookingforwardto____(see)itforalongtime.2.Iusedto_________(get)uplate,butnowI’musedto_______________(get)upearly.11.asthoughasthough/asif引导方式状语从句和表语从句：①引导方式状语从句Sheactedasthoughnothinghadhappened.她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。注意:当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有动词be时，可把主语和be一起省略。Helookedaboutasthough(hewas)insearchofsomething.他四下张望,好像在寻找什么。②引导表语从句Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.看样子要下雨了。③asthough\asif从句和虚拟语气一、基本用法以asif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气。1.当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时,则不用虚拟语气

如：Itsoundsasifitisraining．听起来像是在下雨。

Hetalksasifheisdrunk．从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。

2.asif从句用虚拟语气的情况是当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时

如：Youlookasifyoudidn”tcare．你看上去好像并不在乎。

Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas．他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。

如：HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore．他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。

Thegirllistenedasifshehadbeenturnedtostone．那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，像已经变成了石头似的。（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”。

如：Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething．他张开嘴好像要说什么。

Itlooksasifitmightsnow．看来好像要下雪了。

二、两点说明(1)从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气：Itlooksasifwe’llbelate.我们似乎要迟到了。Thismeattastesasifithasalreadygonebad.这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。在现代英语中，有时即使从句内容不是事实，也可能用陈述语气：Ifeelasif[asthough]I’mfloatingonair.他感到好像漂浮在空中。Thestuffeddogbarkedasifitis[were,was]arealone.玩具狗叫起来像真狗。(2)注意Itisn’tasif…的翻译：Itisn’tasifhewerepoor.他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。Itisn’tasifyouweregoingawayforgood.又不是你离开不回来了。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。①Thepencillooksasifit(break)withhalfofitintheglassofwater.②LiMingspeaksEnglishverywellasthoughhe__________(be)anEnglishman.③Itseemsasifourteam(be)goingtowin.④Hetalksaboutpyramidsasthoughhe___________(see)themhimself.12.permissionn.[U]许可，允许常用结构with/without(one’s)permission得到允许/未经允许asksb.forpermission征求某人的许可givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事haveone’spermission得到某人的同意permitvt.准许，许可，允许permitsbtodosth允许某人干某事permitdoingsth允许做某事Withyourpermission,I’dliketosayafewwords.完成句子。①Theyenteredthearea_________(未经允许).13.turnup出席(某活动)(常用于口语)；出现；找到；把(收音机等的)音量调大一些；到场I’msureyourwatchwillturnuponeofthesedays.Weinvitedhertodinnerbutshedidn’tevenbothertoturnup.Ican’theartheradioverywell;couldyouturnitupabit?联想拓展：turnagainst反对；背叛turndown（音量等）调小；拒绝turnoff关掉turnon打开；发动turnout结果是……；证明是……turntosb.forhelp向某人求助turnaway走开；转过脸去；把……打发走turnin进入；交出；上交turnover打翻；移交；反复考虑turninto把……变成……Hepromisedtocomeyesterday,buthehasn’t_____yet.A.turnedin B.turnedupC.turnedon D.turnedout14.keepone’sword守信用；履行诺言word意为“诺言”时，是不可数名词，不可以用复数形式，其前面不可以用冠词修饰。Youshould________________________(信守你许下的承诺).联想拓展：breakone’sword食言getinaword插嘴ina/oneword=inshort总而言之inotherwords换句话说wordforword逐词haveawordwithsb.与某人谈话havewordswithsb.与某人争吵Wordcamethat...有消息传来15.holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸Theracewassoclosethateveryonewasholdinghisbreath（屏住呼吸）atthefinish.takeadeepbreath=breathedeeply深呼吸loseone’sbreath喘不过气来outofbreath上气不接下气，喘不过气来Afterarrivingatthetopofthemountain,wewereall_________________(上气不接下气).16.apologizevi.道歉，认错apologizetosbfor(doing)sth因（做）某事向某人道歉apologizetosbthat+从句向某人道歉You____________________(必须向你的老师道歉)forbeingsorude.IapologizedtomymotherthatIwenthomelate.apologyn.道歉，谢罪make/offeranapologytosbfor(doing)sth因某事向某人道歉accept/refuseanapology接受/拒绝道歉Imust__________________________(向她道歉)fornotgoingtoherparty.17.obviousItis/wasobvious/clearthat...=obviously/clearly,...表示“很明显……，显而易见……”，属于Itis/was+adj./n./p.p.+thatclause结构。Itisnecessary/important/natural/strange+that+sb.shoulddosth.做某事是有必要的/重要的/自然的、竟然怎样。Itisapity/ashame/nowonder+that+sb.shoulddo遗憾的是/羞愧的是/难怪某人竟然/应该……Itissaid/reported/announced/expected/...+that...据说/报道/宣布/预计……It’ssuggested/orderedthatsb.(should)do建议/要求某人（做）某事It’snoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea.Itwasquiteclearthattheyhadnodesireforpeace.______usedtobethoughtthattheearthwassquare.A.He B.WhatC.ItD.That17.setoff出发；动身；使爆炸Whattimeareyouplanningtosetofftomorrow?Theterroristsetoffabombinthecitycentreandkilledsixpeople.联想拓展:setoffforaplace出发到某地setaboutdoingsth.开始(某工作);着手做某事setout从某地出发上路setouttodosth.开始做某事setsth.up摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立setsth.aside将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留金钱或时间setdown记下、写下用set相关短语的适当形式填空。①Thenewgovernmentmustfindingsolutionstothecountry’seconomicproblems.②Thechildrenthefireworks(烟花)intheyard.③Sheabitofmoneyeverymonth.④Theyastatueinhonourofthenationalhero.⑤They’veonajourneyroundtheworld.19.remindvt.提醒；使想起常用结构:remindsb.of/aboutsth.提醒某人记住/想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...提醒某人/使某人想起……IremindedGeraldofhispromise.Pleaseremindmetowritetomymothertomorrow.20.starve

1)vi.饿死；挨饿；渴望，急需要（die/long）Theplants_________________(急需要水).Theygotlostinthedesertandstarvedtodeath.2)vt.使挨饿，使饿死She’sstarvingherselftryingtoloseweight.starvationn.挨饿；饿死常用结构：starveforsth.渴望得到……starvetodosth.渴望去做某事starvetodeath饿死bestarvedtodeath饿死bestarvedof极需，缺乏osth./doingsth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事Manypeople______deathintheearthquakeasaresultofthedelayofthesupplies.A.werestarvedof B.starvedtoC.werestarved D.starvedfor21.feastn.盛会，宴会aweddingfeastafeastofcoloursafeastfortheeyes大饱眼福thefeastofChristmasTheeveningwasarealfeastformusiclovers.v.(on/uponsth)Wesatintheyardfeastingonbarbecuedchickenandbeer.feastone’seyeson尽情欣赏(艺术品景色等)22.arrivaln.1)到达Weapologizeforthelatearrivalofthetrain.Thereare120arrivalsanddepartureseveryday.2)到达者We’reexpectinganewarrivalinthefamilysoon.WiththearrivalofJohn’sfriends,thepartybecamereallyenjoyable.23.independencen.[U]独立,自主(fromsb/sth)Cuba___________（独立于）Spainin1898.ThearmyiscommittedtoensuringtheindependenceofthecountryHevalueshisfinancialindependence.independentadj.独立的(ofsb/sth)、自主的(ofsb/sth)Thepoliceforceshouldbeindependentofdirectgovernmentcontrol.Twoindependentresearchbodiesreachedthesameconclusions.24.clothingn.(总称)衣服，服装[U]Checkyourbelongingsandmakesureyoudon’tleaveyourarticlesofclothingbehind.Food,clothingandshelterareeveryone’spriorities.易混辨析：clothing/clothes/clothclothing是衣服、被褥的总称，为不可数名词；clothes指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的具体的衣服，它没有单数形式，只能说many/some/afewclothes;cloth则指做衣服所用的布料，为不可数名词。①Theindustryinthisareahasbeengoingfromstrengthtostrength.②It’scoldoutside.You’dbetterputonmore.③Howmuchdoesittaketomakeablouseforagirl?25.customn.风俗、习俗Itisthecustom(forsb)todosth做……是一种习俗/惯例Socialcustomsaredifferentfromcountrytocountry.ItisthecustomforanArabtostandclosetohisfriendwhentalking.易混辨析：custom/habitcustom“风俗习惯”，即社会或团体许多人长期形成的习惯。habit指一个人的习惯、习性。26.drownvt.drownsthwith/in把某物浸泡在液体中bedrownedin沉浸在……adrowningman快要淹死的人likeadrownedrat（湿的）像落汤鸡Hewoulddrownhissadnessincoffee.27.forgivevi.&vt.原谅；饶恕forgivesbfor(doing)sth.原谅某人（做）某事forgivesb/sth.原谅某人/某事forgivesbsth.原谅某人某事forgivedoingsth.原谅做某事Pleaseforgivehimforrudeness.Reading:长句难句：1.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind，especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。Starve(v.)1)tocauseapersonorananimaltosufferseverelyordiefromhunger

挨饿；饿死Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.战争中数百万人挨饿至死。2)starveforsth;starvesbofsth:(causesbto)sufferorlongforsthgreatlyneededorwanted(使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏Thehomelesschildrenwerestarvedforlove.这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。3)tofeelveryhungry感觉很饿。仅用于进行时态Whenwilldinnerbeready?I’mstarving.

晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。starvation(n.):

(U)sufferingordeathcausedbylackoffood挨饿；饿死

dieofstarvation饿死

starvationwages不够维持基本生活的工资2.…orsatisfytheancestors,whocouldreturneithertohelportodoharm.……或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也可能带来危害。harm(1)(n.):damage,injury损害；伤害doharmtosb=harmsb伤害某人domoreharmthangood:haveaneffectwhichismoredamagingthanhelpful弊大于利Ifwesolvetheprobleminthisway,itmaydomoreharmthangood.如果我们以这种方式处理问题，那可能是弊大于利。(2)(v.):causeharmto(sb/sth)损害或伤害某人/某事物Thiseventdidn’tharmhisreputation.

这个事件没有损害他的名誉。3.Halloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.

万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。origin(n.):theplaceorsituationinwhichsomethingbeginstoexist起源；由来，可用做可数名词或不可数名词，通常用作复数形式ThetraditionhasitsoriginsintheMiddleAges.这个传统发源于中世纪。Hetoldmeitwasawordofunknownorigin.他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。belief(n.):anideathatyoubelievetobetrue,especiallyonethatformspartofasystemofideas信任；信心；信仰。

注意：

belief通常用作不可数名词，当作可数名词时，词义略不同于用作不可数名词时religiousbeliefs宗教信仰Severalmembersholdverystrongpoliticalbeliefs.有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。4.Itisnowachildren’sfestival,whentheycandressupandgototheirneighbours’homestoaskforsweets.万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。dress(1)(v.):toputclothesonyourselforsomeoneelse穿衣服。可作及物或不及物动词。dressup是动词词组,意思使是towearspecialclothesforfun,ortoputspecialclothesonsomeone(2)(n.)1)[C]garmentforawomanorgirl,consistingofabodiceandskirtinonepiece;frock连衣裙,(上下连身的)女装Shemakesallthedressesforherdaughter.她女儿的连衣裙都是她做的。2)[U]clothes,esp.outergarments,foreithermenorwomen衣服（男女均可）casualdress便服答案：U