Unit+2+词汇拓展及练习 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit2IconicAttractionsiconic/aɪˈkɒnɪk/adj.符号的；图标的iconn.偶像；象征；图标foundation/faʊnˈdeɪʃn/n.创建；基础；地基layasolidfoundationforfoundvt.创建；建立；把......建立在；foundern.创建人；建立者political/pəˈlɪtɪkl/adj.政治的politiciann.政客；政治家；politicsn.政治；政治事务didgeridoo/ˌdɪdʒəriˈduː/n.迪吉里杜管located/ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/adj.位于（SYNsituated）belocatedinlocatevt.找出......的准确位置；把......安置在（或建造于）；locationn.位置；地点；地方equator/ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/n.赤道koala/kəʊˈɑːlə/n.考拉；树袋熊barbecue/ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/n.(abbr.BBQ)户外烧烤；烤架bakery/ˈbeɪkəri/n.面包(糕饼)店；面包厂joint/dʒɔɪnt/n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节adj.联合的；共同的jointlyadv.联合地；共同地butcher/ˈbʊtʃə(r)/n.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手premier/ˈpremiə(r);NAmEprɪ'mɪr/adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n.总理；首相herb/hɜːb/n.药草；香草；草本herbaladj.药草的；香草的dimsim/ˌdɪm'sɪm/(特指澳大利亚的)点心dessertdesertv.遗弃hollow/ˈhɒləʊ/adj.中空的；空心的shallowadj.肤浅的vibrate/vaɪ'breɪt/vt.&vi.(使)振动fluctuatev.波动vibrationn.振动vibratorn.振动器horn/hɔːn/n.(乐器)号pitch/pɪtʃ/n.音高straightforward/ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/adj.坦率的；简单的straightforwardlyadv.坦率地；直截了当地slogan/ˈsləʊɡən/n.标语；口号minister/ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/n.部长；大臣；外交使节primeminister首相；总理frog/frɒɡ/n.蛙；青蛙arrow/ˈærəʊ/n.箭；箭头entitle/ɪnˈtaɪtl/vt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利beentitled/qualifiedtotitlen.（书、诗歌等的）名称；标题；职称；头衔headlineunderlinegetaway/ˈɡetəweɪ/n.适合度假的地方dive/daɪv/vi.&n.(dived/dove,dived)潜水；跳水；俯冲divern.潜水员；跳水运动员；divingn.跳水；潜水kayaking/ˈkaɪækɪŋ/n.划皮艇peakseason高峰季节freedom/ˈfriːdəm/n.自由；不受……影响的状态freeadj.自由的；免费的；不含有害物的；没有......的；（人或时间）空闲的；空着的freelyadv.自由地domain/dəˈmeɪn;dəʊˈmeɪn/n.领域；领土；范围dominateinsponsor/ˈspɒnsə(r);NAmE'spɑːnsər/vt.倡议；赞助；主办n.(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者sponsorshipn.赞助liberty/ˈlɪbəti/n.自由liberatev.解放，释放golf/ɡɒlf/n.高尔夫球运动strait/streɪt/n.海峡sample/ˈsɑːmpl/n.样本；样品monument/ˈmɒnjumənt/n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹monumentaladj.纪念碑的；作为纪念的monumentallyadv.纪念地，非常地kiwi/ˈkiːwiː/n.几维(新西兰鸟)geyser/ˈɡiːzə(r)；ˈɡaɪzər/n.间歇泉sulphuric/sʌl'fjʊərɪk/pool硫磺池sulphurn.硫磺manuka/mə'nu:kə/honey麦卢卡蜂蜜bungee/ˈbʌndʒi/jumping蹦极跳aflock/flɒk/of—群(羊或鸟)Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚geothermal/ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/park地热公园evaporatev.蒸发distribution/ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/n.分布；分配；分发distributevt.分布；分配；分发（~to）pouch/paʊtʃ/n.育儿袋；小袋子；荷包temporary/ˈtemprəri/adj.暂时的；短暂的(OPPpermanent)temporarilyadv.暂时地；短暂地contemporaryadj.当代的；现代的；属同时期的phase/feɪz/n.阶段；时期stagetrunk/trʌŋk/n.树干truckivorylicensed/laɪsnst/adj.得到正式许可的license/ˈlaɪsns/vt.批准；许可n.(=licence)许可证；执照(SYNpermit)session/ˈseʃn/n.—场；一段时间；会议conferenceseminarsessionaladj.开庭的，开会的frequency/ˈfriːkwənsi/n.发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率frequentadj.经常的；频繁的；frequentlyadv.经常地；频繁地violent/ˈvaɪələnt/adj.暴力的；猛烈的violentlyadv.暴力的；猛烈的violence/ˈvaɪələns/n.暴力；暴行nest/nest/n.巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点mammal/ˈmæml/n.哺乳动物vertebraten.脊椎动物biology/baɪˈɒlədʒi/n.生理；生物学biologistn.生物学家biologicaladj.生物学的；生物的；biologicallyadv.生物学上；生物学地hatch/hætʃ/vi.孵出；破壳vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋hatchern.孵卵器；策划者capacity/kəˈpæsəti/n.能力；容量capableadj.有能力的；有才能的；incapableadj.没有能力的；没有才能的ahandfulof少数人(或物)；一把(的量)fence/fens/n.栅栏；围栏prison/'prɪzn/n.监狱；监禁sentencev.判处，处刑besentencedtodeath判处死刑prisonern.囚犯；俘虏inprison坐牢grand/ɡrænd/adj.大；宏大的grandeurn.庄严grandioseadj.宏伟的巩固练习一、根据句意和汉语提示写出单词。1.Iamtoldthatifthedoughissticky，addmore______（面粉）.2.“Pleasedon’tgo，”hesaid,_________（抓紧）herarmwithbothhands.3.Aninnovationcompanyshouldrewardfailurebutpunish______(不作为).4.Shesteppedbackwardsalittleandwaswithinan_______（英尺）ofbeingkilled.5.Thecompanywantstokeepdown______（劳动）costs.6.Lookingathismother’sbackgoaway,hiseyes______（变模糊）behindtheglasses.7.Thejobwillrequireyoutotakeadvantageofallyourskillstothe________（最大化）.8.Hesaidtheywereopposedtothepresenceof_________(外国的)forcesintheregion.二、根据句意用适当的单词填空。1.Itturnedout________Iknewthepersonwhogotshot.2.Manyoftheseideasappeartobeinconflict______eachother.3.Itissaidthattheflourinthisfactoryissuperior________thatofotherfactories.4.Themanfell____thetreeandbrokehisleftleg.5.Mendelstartedexperimenting_____peasgrowninhisgarden.6.Aliceoftenasksmetoaccompanyher_____discountshops.7.Ihave____appointmentwithDrSmith，butIneedtochangeit.7.WhenitcomestothebestshoppingstreetsinParis，scentisjustasimportanttoabrand’ssuccess____thequalityofitswindowdisplays.三、根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Sixteenteamsaretakingpart,________(divide)intofourgroups.2.Don’t_______(take)inbyhisappearance—he’sinfactathief.3.Withlesstimespent_______(fetch)water，girlshavemoretimetogotoschool.4.ThisChinesecompanyhasan________(urge)desiretokeeppacewiththedevelopmentofhightechnologyintheworld.5.Thecarranslowlyonthe_____(mud)countrysidestreet.6.“I’msorryI’mlateagain.”saidJohnwitha_____(guilt)lookonhisface.7.Theexperimentwasconductedbythe_____(divide)ofvolunteersintoagegroups.8.Dickenshadledan______(explode)inboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadership.9.Withfoodourbiggest______(week)householdexpense，SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamily.10.The______(declare)oflovetheyoungmanmadeinthemovieimpressedtheaudiencedeeply.11.Theywereperforminga________(calculate)，notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.12.Allconsultationsareby________(appoint)only.13.TheUKpromises______(reduce)itscarbonemissionsby80percentby2050.14.Deliverymenoftenbreaktrafficrules，_____(put)notonlytheirownlivesatrisk，butthelivesofothersaswell.15.Themusicallowsme_____(learn)thatteachingisaboutsharingandrespect，andmostofall，anunderstandingofeachother.四、单句写作1.她惊讶地发现这个国家可以随意与其他国家发生冲突。(atrandom)_________________________2.出于某种原因，我有一种冲动，想展示我的皮衣比他的好。(feelanurge)_________________________3.是我侄女去办公室给我拿手帕的。(Itis/was...that)_________________________4.这名推销员很难实现他的目标。(Itis...forsb.todo)_________________________5.那个司机躺在地上，好像受了重伤。(asif)_________________________五、选通读短文然后用适当的单词或所给单词的适当形式填空。Chinesedragonsarefictionalcreatures,arootofChinesepeoplewhoconsidered1____(they)asthedescendants(后代)ofdragons.Sincetheircreation,Chinesedragons2____(win)thedeeplovefromChinesepeople,becauseoftheirstrongpowerandsymbolicmeanings.Theyplayed3____importantroleinthehistoryofChinesenation,politics,religion,cultureandChineselanguageandbecameasymbolofChinaandChinesepeople.DragonisabeliefofChinesenationanda4____(gold)Chineseelement(元素).5____apersonhearsthenameofdragon,Chinawillcometohisorhermind.Asthestrongestanimal6____(select)byChinesepeople,dragonhasthestrongestpower7____helpsitgototheHeavenandtheHell,andmakecloudandrains.Inancienttimes,asabelief,dragongavestrongsupportstotherulingofabignation,andtopeople’sfragilespiritsandhardlifebecausepeoplesuffered8.extremenaturaldisastersandlackofthesupportsfromscience.The9____(important)ofdragontoChinesepeopleislikewatertocreatures，andit10____(reflect)inpeople’sspirit，beliefs，andideology(思想观念).六、阅读理解AlistofBenjaminFranklin’sinventionsrevealsamanofmanytalentsandinterests.Hisnaturalcuriosityaboutthingsandthewaytheyworkmadehimtrytofindwaystomakethemworkbetter.Benhadpoorvisionandneededglassestoread.Hegottiredofconstantlytakingthemoffandputtingthembackon，sohedecidedtofigureouthowhisglasseswouldlethimseebothnearandfar.Hehadtwopairsofglassescutinhalfandputhalfofeachlens(镜片)inasingleframe.Today，wecallthembifocals(双光眼镜).EveryoneknowsthestoryofBen’sfamouskiteflight.Althoughhemadeimportantdiscoveriesandadvancements，Bendidnot“invent”theelectricity.Hedid，however，inventthelightningrodwhichprotectsbuildingsandshipsfromlightning.IncolonialAmerica，mostpeoplewarmedtheirhomesbybuildingafireinafireplaceeventhoughitwasdangerousandusedalotofwood.Benfiguredthattherehadtobeabetterway.Hisinventionofanironfurnacestoveallowedpeopletowarmtheirhomeslessdangerouslyandwithlesswood.ThefurnacestovethatheinventediscalledtheFranklinStove.Interestinglyenough，Benalsoestablishedthefirstfirecompanyandthefirstfireinsurancecompanyinordertohelppeoplelivemoresafely.Asapostmaster，Benhadtofigureoutroutesfordeliveringthemail.Hewentoutridinginhiscarriagetomeasuretheroutesandneededawaytokeeptrackofthedistance.Heinventedasimpleodometer(里程表)andattachedittohiscarriage.Later，otherfamousinventors，likeTomasEdisonandAlexanderGrahamBell，followedinBen’sfootstepsbytryingtofindwaystohelppeoplelivebetter.1.HowmanythingsinventedbyBenjaminFranklinarementionedinthepassage?A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheFranklinStove?A.Itismadeofironandeasytocarry.B.Itismuchsaferandcansavewood.C.Itismuchsmallerthanthetraditionalstove.D.Itreachestherequirementsofthefirecompany.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Franklininventedthebifocalsbecauseofhispoorvision.B.Franklininventedtheodometertomakehisridingeasier.C.Franklinfirstinventedtheelectricityandthenthelightningrod.D.Franklininventedtheodometerwhenheworkedinapostoffice.4.WhatcharacteristicdidFranklin，EdisonandBellhaveincommon?A.Theyhadastrongdesiretomakelifebetter.B.Theywereexcellentstudentsatschool.C.Theywereborninthesameage.D.Theymadepeople’slifesimple.七、书面表达。用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成作文。某英文报社Science栏目向中学生征文，主题为“未来家用机器人”。请你展开合理想象用英语写一篇文章投稿。Thoughitisdifficulttopredictwhatfuturehouseholdrobotsmightbelike，1_____________________(我想描述一下他们是多么的令人惊异).Youwillbealarmedtofindthat2.________________(他们更像人而不是机器).Withtheirhelp，youwillbefreeofallhouseholdchores，suchascooking，washing，andcleaning.Moreimportantly，equippedwithanintelligentcomputerbrain，3.__________________(它们能帮你留出时间进行户外锻炼).Whenaccompani