被动语态专项练习及详解

------------------------------------------------------------------------被动语态专项练习及详解被动语态专项练习（一）一、选择题（2×15=30分）

()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted

()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

()8.--When___thiskindofcomputers______?--Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used

()9.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown

()10.Who_____thisbook_____?

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written

()11.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus

()12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

()13.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.

A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput

()14.Olderpeople____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

()15.Ourteacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened

二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．6.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

7.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.

8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

9.What_______knives______(make)of?

They_______________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.

10.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary?

11.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

12.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

13.Someflowers_______________(water)byLiMingalready.

14.Thiskindofshoes__________(sell)well.

15.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?

16.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.17.Look!Someone__________(dance).

三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。（1×30=30分）1.IsteagrowninSouthChina？（改为主动语态）_______people_________teainSouthChina？2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear．（同义句转换）Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyear．3.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(对划线提问)How______________theworkgoingtobefinished?

4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)

AnEnglishsong___________________bythechildren.

5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)

It______________________byyounow.

6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改为被动语态)

Metal________________________makingmachines.

7.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)

I____________________________thatforhim.

8.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatch_____________________bythem.9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?(改为被动语态)

__________abridge____________herebythemayearago?

10.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)

Thelightgreendresses____________________________out.

11.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)Thegame_______________“Lianliankan”byus.四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。(1×10=10分)①Thenewbike______________________（买给我）bymyparentsasapresentlastweek．②_______yourmobilephone______________________（是国产的吗）？③Thewholemountainis__________________(覆盖)thesnow.五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。（10分）①Ihavealotofhomeworktobedonetonight．____________②Isyourhistoryteacherlistenedcarefullyinclass？____________③LeiFeng'snamerememberedbyallChinesepeople．____________④Themusicissoundedbeautiful.____________⑤BywhowasthisneweducationalCD-ROMdesigned?_____________Answers一、选择题（2×15=30分）

1.B2.D3.A4.C5.6.C7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.D13.B14.B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.willbebuilt2.isbeingdiscussed3.isspoken4.hasn’tbeenfound5.werecut6.aretold7.mustbesent8.aresold9.aremade,aremade10.betaken11.iscleaned12.beseen13.havebeenwatered14.sells15.hasbeen16.smells17isdancing三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。（1×30=30分）1.Do,grow2.isgiventome3.soonis4.willbesung5.needn’tbedone6.isusedfor7.wasmadetodo8.isbeingwatched9.wasbuilt10.havebeensold11.iscalled四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。(1×10=10分)①wasboughtforme②IsmadeinChina③coveredwith五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。（10分）①bedone改为do②listened改为listenedto③remembered改为wasremembered④issounded改为sounds⑤Bywho改为Bywhom被动语态专项练习（二）

Ⅰ单项选择

1.Goodbooks____againandagain.

A.shouldbereadedB.shouldberead

C.mustreadD.oughttoread

2.Thechildren____bythenurse.

A.werelookedB.lookedafter

C.werelookedafterD.looked

3.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.

A.gave,didn'tlistenB.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened

C.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten

4.When____theaccident_____?

A.was,happenB.did,happen

C.is,happenD.was,happened

5.Thequestion____byussoon.

A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscuss

C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed

6.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.

A.wasbuildedB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt

7.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.

A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup

8.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.

A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished

9.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.

A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grewD.was…grown

10.He____bytheteachers.

A.isalwayspraisedB.praises

C.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised

11.Greatchanges____place.Manynewschools____.

A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopen

C.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened

12.Thepicture______inOctober,1996.

A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken

13.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.

A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired

14.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.

A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing

15.Thewar______in1941.

A.brokeoutB.hadbeenbrokenout

C.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout

16.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapour.

A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats

17.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.

A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking

18.They______dayandnight.

A.aremadeworkB.aremadetowork

C.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork

19.Chang'anRoadis______ofpeople.

A.filledB.fillC.fullD.fulled

20.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.

A.wassentupB.issentup

C.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup

21.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.

A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung

22.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.

A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned

23.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____?

A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found

24.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.

A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended

25.Yourexercisebooks_____afterclass.

A.willhandinB.musthandinC.handedinD.mustbehandedin

26.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.

A.beplantedB.plantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted

27.Thesun_____atnightasusual.

A.canbeseenB.can'tseeC.can'tbeseenD.doesn'tsee

28.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.

A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon

29.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.

A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen

30.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.

A.broke,isbrokenB.isbroken,wasbroken

C.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken

Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态

1.Isawtheboyrunyesterday.

2.Hetoldmethathewouldcomebacksoon.

3.Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages.

4.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday?

5.Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight.

6.Ithinkthatheisright.

7.Hehadnotthrownthebadfood.

8.Motherwasnotmendingthetrousers.

9.TheywouldnottakehimtoBeijing.

10.Nobodyknewmeinthistownatthattime.

参考答案

Ⅰ单项选择

1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C

6.B7.B8.A9.A10.A

11.A12.C13.D14.A15.A

16.A17.C18.B19.C20.C

21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D

26.A27.C28.B29.C30.B

Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态

1.Theboywasseentorunbymeyesterday.

2.Iwastoldthathewouldcomebacksoon.

3.Alotofdifferencescanbefoundbyyoubetweenthetwolanguages.

4.Areyourflowerswateredeveryday?

5.Thebigtreewasblowndownlastnight.

6.Itisthoughtthatheisright.

7.Thebadfoodhadnotbeenthrown.

8.Thetrouserswerenotbeingmendedbymymother.

9.HewouldnotbetakentoBeijing.

10.Iwasknownbynobodyinthistownatthattime.被动语态专项练习（三）

一、单项选择()1.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?—Yes.Ourclassroom___everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning()2.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology___intheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.give()3.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()4.—DidyougotoJack’sbirthdayparty?—No,I____.A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite()5.—Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?—Whenyourhomework___,youcan.A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did()6.Twenty—year—oldsshouldnot____todriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.beallowedD.allowed.()7.Seeinghimrushintotheroomwithtearsinhiseyes,Iaskedhimwhat___.A.wouldhappenB.hadhappenedC.happenedD.washappened.()8.ThebookBusiness@theSpeedofThought___in1999.A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswritten.()9.Treesandflowers__everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted.()10.China’ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang___GoodWillAmbassadors(亲善大使)forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed.()11.Theearthisourhome.It___well.A.mustbeprotectedB.shouldprotectC.needprotectD.shouldprotected.()12.Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremade___whattheyarenot___.A.todo;interestedinB.todo;interestedC.do;interestedD.do;interested.()13.___anewlibrary____inyourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;builtD.Did;built.()14.Anaccident___onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened.()15.Cotten____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow.()16.Sofar,themoon___bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited.()17.Howmanytrees___thisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted.()18.Alotofthings___bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone.()19.Neitherofthem___inChinaA.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made.()20.Look!Anicepicture___forourteacher.A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws.()21.Yourshoes___.Youneedanewpair.A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn.()22.Thedoctor___foryet.A.isn’tsentB.hasn’tbeensentC.won’tbesentD.wasn’tsent.()23—When___thiskindofcomputer___?—Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()24.TheGreatWall__aboutallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown.()25.I___insummer.A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn.()26.HesaysthatMrZhang___tothefactorynextweek.A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent.()27.Who___thisbook__?A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.do;writtenD.was;written()28.Mary___showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto()29.Astory__byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus()30.Themonkeywasseen____outofthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump参考答案1~5CBABA6~10CBDCB11~15AABDA16~20CCBAB21~25CBBCB26~30DBBBD二、单项选择1()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused2()1Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed3()1Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking()2Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't4()1-Myshoesarewornout.-___.A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?()2___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are()3___thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do5()1Why___totalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld()2Whowasthebook___?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby()3Where___theseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD.am6()1Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater()2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow()3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended7()1Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt()2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown()3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild8()1Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept()2Thepot___for___hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep()3Tea___inthesouthofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow()4Thebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt()5Wetclothesareoften__upnearafireinrainyweather.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung9()1Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing()2Theteapot___water.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled()3Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento()4Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell10()1Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare()2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens()3Thesewalls___stones.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto11()1Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid()2Thepapers___tothem.A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown()3Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto12()1I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven()2Goodcare____suchthings.A.shouldtakeofB.shouldbetakenC.shouldbetakingD.shouldbetakenof()3Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou13()1Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done()2Theboy___streetswithoutpayintheolddays.A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean()3Thesechildren____dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto14()1Thesestones___well.A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted()2Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted()3Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had15()1Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace()2Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown()3Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened()4Thewatchhasoften___down.A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell16()1Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken()2Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting()3Whattime___thedoor___everyday?A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close17()1Canhe___himself?A.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadof()2Hefellfromhisbikeand___.A.ishurtB.getshurtC.gothurtD.hurt()3Lookout,pleasekeepawayfromthefire,oryourtrouserswill__.A.burntB.burnC.burningD.getburnt18()1Theapple___verysweet.A.istastedB.tasteC.tastesD.aretasting()2You___morebeautifulinthelightblueshirt.A.seeB.watchC.lookD.lookat()3Whatyousaid___likeagoodidea.A.heardB.listenedC.soundD.sounded19()1-WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplay?-Wonderful.Itisworth___asecondtime.A.watchingB.watchedC.seenD.seeing()2Howdirtythetablesare!Theyneed___.A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned()3Thebookisworth___.A.seeingB.readingC.seenD.read参考答案：1.1-5BDDDC2.1-5BCBBC3.1-3ABB4.1-3ABA5.1-3BDB6.1-3BAD7.1-3ABA8.1-5DBBCD9.1-4BADD10.1-3BBA11.1-3BAC12.1-3DDB13.1-3BAA14.1-4BCB15.1-4BDAC16.1-3ABC17.1-3BCD18.1-3CCD19.1-3ACB在实际语言应用中，有很多动词多以被动形式出现在句子中，但在意义上却无被动之感，中学阶段常见的如下：

一、表示空间位置等意义的动词。例如：

1．Johnwasseatedinachair.

约翰坐在椅子上。

2．LondonislocatedonthebanksoftheRiverThames.

伦敦坐落在泰晤士河畔。

3．OurcollegeissituatedinthecityofBeijing.

我们学院在北京。

4．Thesoldierswerestationedonthehill.

士兵驻扎在山上。

二、表示“倾注、专心、意愿、推测”等意义的动词。例如：

1.Theprofessorwasemployed/engagedinpreparinghislessons.

教授正忙于备课。

2.Hewasdevotedtohisresearch.

他专注于他的研究工作。

3.Shewaslostinthought.她陷入沉思。

4.Weshouldbeconcernedwiththegrowthoftheyoungergeneration.

我们应该关心青年一代的成长。

5.Weareallpreparedforthefinalexamination.

我们都做好了期终考试的准备。

6.HeisdeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.

他决心学好英语。

7.Heissupposedtobehereatseven.

他应该七点到这儿。

三、表示人的情感变化、心理活动、喜怒哀乐等意义的动词。例如：

1.Wewereallworriedabouthisillness.

我们都担心他的病情。

2.Theteacherwassatisfied/pleasedwithmyanswer.

老师对我的回答很满意。

3.Hewastoofrightenedtomoveinthedarkness.

黑暗中他太害怕了，不敢动。

4.I’mtiredofyouremptywords.

我听厌了你的空话。

5.Hewasdelighted/disappointedatthenews.

听到这消息他很高兴/失望。

6.Shewasshockedatthesightofthatman.

看到那个男人，她感到很震惊。

7.Motherwaspuzzledbymyquestion.

母亲对我提的问题迷惑不解。

四、表示“装配、装饰、盛满”等意义的动词。例如：

1．Thebottleisfilledwithoil.

这瓶子盛满了油。

2．Thetruckwasloadedwithcoal.

卡车装载着煤。

3．Sheisalwaysdressedinred.

她总是穿红衣服。

4．Hismindwascrowdedwithwhys.

他满脑子全是为什么。

5．Thenewplantwasequippedwithmodernmachines.

这家新工厂装配着现代化的机器。

6．Thetownismarkedwithanoldcastle.

该城以一个古堡为标志。

五、其他一些常见的用法。例如：

1．Theartistwasbornin1928.

这位画家出生于1928年。

2．Mybrotherwasmarried/engagedlastyear.

我弟弟去年结婚/订婚。

3．Heisexperiencedinteaching.

他富有教学经验。

4．Thefilmisonlyintendedfortheteenagers.

这部电影是仅为青少年拍的。

5．Soonhebecameaddictedtocigarettes.

他很快就有了烟瘾。

6．Facedwithadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.

面对艰难的处境，阿诺德决定征求老板的建议。被动语态详解（一）(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：

Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)

Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)

汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。

(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give为例，列表如下：

一般现在时：am/is/are+given

一般过去时：was/were+given

一般将来时：shall/will+be+given

一般过去将来时：should/would+be+given

现在进行时：am/is/are+being+given

过去进行时：was/were+being+given

现在完成时：have/has+been+given

过去完成时：had+been+given

将来完成时：shall/will+havebeen+given

过去将来完成时：should/would+havebeen+given

［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(三)被动语态常用的八种时态

1.一般现在时：

Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

2.一般过去时：

Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth.

Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.

Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.

Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten.

3.一般将来时：

Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.

Carswillbesentabroadbysea.

Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.

Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.

4.过去将来时：

Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.

Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.

Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.

Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.

5.现在进行时：

TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.

Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.

Wearepaintingtherooms.

Theroomsarebeingpainted.

6.过去进行时：

—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?

—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.

Becausetheroadwasbeingmended.

Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

7.现在完成时：

Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.

Thepricehasbeenbroughtdown.

8.过去完成时：

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.

Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.

9.含有情态动词的被动语态：

含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.

Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.

Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.

Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.

(四)被动语态的使用

1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。

“Mr.White,thecupwithmixturewasbrokenafterclass.”

(只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。

2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。

TheserecordsweremadebyJohnDenver.

ThecupwasbrokenbyPaul.

3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in+名词作状语，而代替by短语。

ThesecarsweremadeinChina.

15,000carswillbeproducedeachyearinthenewfactory.

(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法

（1）Myauntinvitedmetoherdinnerparty.

主语谓语宾语

→Iwasinvited(bymyaunt)toherdinnerparty.

主语谓语宾语

（2）Theschoolsetupaspecialclasstohelppoorreaders.

→Aspecialclasstohelppoorreaderswassetupintheschool.

1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be+过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。

3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in+地点名词作状语。

(六)语态转换时所注意的问题

1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。

Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.

Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正确)

Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(错误)

2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.

Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.

如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.

注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：

bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell等。

Thecupwithmixturewasshowedtotheclass.

Mybikewaslenttoher.

一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for,如：

build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing等。

Mothermademeanewskirt.(Anewskirtwasmadeforme.)

Themeatwascookedforus.

Somecountrymusicwasplayedforus.