高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练：我们要睡满八小时吗

高考英语外刊阅读理解训练——我们要睡满八小时吗？——改编自Dowereallyneedeighthoursofsleep?Thevalueoftimeissomethingthatweoftentakeforgranted.CharlesDarwinmadethepointthatpeoplewhowasteevenjustonehouroftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.Ifanindividuallivestobeahundredyearsold,that'sonlytwelve-hundredmonths–andwhenyoulookatitasdays,hoursandminutes,it'squitefrightening.Thequestion,then,iswhethereighthoursofsleepeachnightisnecessaryormerelyamyth.Whilemostscientistsagreethatseventoninehoursistheoptimalamountofsleep,it'snotthatsimple.Basedonyourage,youmightneedmoreorlesssleep.Generally,aboutsevenandahalfhoursissufficientforadults.AttheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenter,researchersconductedastudyontwogroupsthatsleptforsixandahalfandsevenandahalfhoursrespectively.Thestudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.Also,thegenesofpeoplewhodidnotgetenoughsleepbecamemoreactive,specificallygenesassociatedwithinflammation,theimmunesystem,andstressresponse,plusdiabetesandcancerrisks.Oneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleepistheconstantpropagationofmythsregardingthesame.Forexample,haveyoueverheardsomeonesaythatyoucantrainyourselftorequirelessornosleep?Thatisentirelyuntrue;everyonerequiressomerest.Whileeighthoursmaynotbetheexactnumber,andageisanimportantfactor,there'sindeedacertainamountofsleepweallrequire.So,letususeourtimeefficiently,includingoursleepinghours.【重点词汇】重点单词：1.Memory['meməri]n.记忆，记忆力2.Essential[ɪˈsenʃl]adj.必要的，关键的3.Function['fʌŋkʃn]n.功能，作用4.Brain[breɪn]n.大脑5.Store[stɔr]v.储存6.Retrieve[rɪ'triv]v.检索，取回7.Short-term['ʃɔrt'tərm]adj.短期的8.Long-term['lɔŋ'tərm]adj.长期的9.Hold[həʊld]v.拥有，持有10.Information['ɪnfə'meɪʃn]n.信息，资料11.Decay[dɪ'keɪ]v.衰退，腐败12.Revisit[,ri:'vɪzɪt]v.重访13.Weak[wi:k]adj.弱的14.Biological[`baɪə'lɔdʒɪkl]adj.生物学的15.Trace[treɪs]n.痕迹16.Perform[pə'fɔ:m]v.履行，执行17.Challenging['tʃæləndʒɪŋ]adj.具有挑战性的18.Juggle['dʒʌg(ə)l]v.同时处理，（尤指）难以应付19.Simultaneously[sɪml'teɪnɪəslɪ]adv.同时地20.Exercise['eksəsaɪz]v.锻炼，操练21.Age[eɪdʒ]n.年龄22.Shrink[ʃrɪŋk]v.缩小23.Volume['vɒljʊm]n.容量，体积24.Decline[dɪ'klaɪn]v.下降，衰退25.Worth[wɜːθ]adj.值得的，有价值的26.Forgetting[fɔ:'getɪŋ]n./v.忘却，遗忘27.Frustrating['frʌstreɪtɪŋ]adj.令人沮丧的28.Natural['nætʃrəl]adj.自然的，天然的29.Constant['kɒnstənt]adj.持续不断的，不变的30.Usage['ju:sɪdʒ]n.使用，应用31.Sharp[ʃɑ:p]adj.敏锐的，渐进的32.Trivial['trɪvɪəl]adj.琐碎的，微不足道的33.Waste[weɪst]v.浪费，挥霍34.Energy['enədʒi]n.能源，精力35.Encounter[ɪn'kaʊntə]v./n.遭遇，邂逅36.Brainfunction[breɪn'fʌŋkʃn]大脑功能，智力活动37.Concentrationlevel[ˌkɒnsən'treɪʃnˈlevl]注意力水平，浓度38.Inflammation[ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪʃən]n.炎症，发炎39.Immunesystem[ɪˈmju:nˈsɪstəm]免疫系统40.Stressresponse[strɛsrɪ'spɔns]应激反应41.Diabetes[ˌdaɪəˈbi:tiz]n.糖尿病42.Cancerrisk['kænsərrɪsk]癌症风险43.Perpetuate[pə'petjʊeɪt]v.永久保持，使不朽44.Trainoneself[treɪnwʌn'self]自我训练45.Optimal['ɒptɪm(ə)l]adj.最佳的，最理想的46.Complicated['kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]adj.复杂的，难懂的47.Infant['ɪnfənt]n.婴儿，幼儿48.Irritation[ˌɪrɪ'teɪʃn]n.烦恼，生气49.Remembrance[rɪˈmɛmbrəns]n.回忆，纪念50.Recall[rɪ'kɔːl]v.回【阅读理解练习题】1.WhatdidCharlesDarwinsayaboutwastingtime?A.Peoplewhowasteevenonehouroftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.B.Peoplewhowasteevenonedayoftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.C.Peoplewhowasteevenoneyearoftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.D.Peoplewhowastetimeunderstandtheworthoflifebetterthanthosewhodon't.答案：A。解析：文章第一句提到了CharlesDarwin对时间价值的看法，他认为那些浪费了甚至只是一个小时时间的人没有理解生命的价值。2.Howmanymonthsdoesapersonliveiftheymakeitto100yearsold?A.1,200B.12,000C.24,000D.30,000答案：A。解析：文章第二句中提到如果一个人活到100岁，那么只有1200个月时间，也就是说非常宝贵。3.Iseighthoursofsleepnecessaryforeveryone?A.Yes,everyoneneedsexactlyeighthoursofsleep.B.No,theamountofsleepneededvariesfrompersontopersonandisinfluencedbyage.C.Yes,theUniversityofSurreystudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.D.No,it'samyththatpeopleneedanyspecificamountofsleep.答案：B。解析：文章第三句指出充足的睡眠时间大约应该是七个半小时，因为不同年龄段的人需要的睡眠时间可能会有所不同。4.WhatwastheresultofthestudyconductedattheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenter?A.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedimprovedconcentrationlevels.B.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedreducedcancerrisks.C.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencedincreasedstressresponseandinflammation.D.Peoplewhosleptlessexperiencednohealthrisks.答案：C。解析：在UniversityofSurrey睡眠研究中心的研究表明，睡眠不足会导致患炎症、免疫系统和压力反应方面的健康问题以及增加糖尿病和癌症的风险。5.Canapersontrainthemselvestorequirelessornosleep?A.Yes,itisentirelypossible.B.No,thisisentirelyuntrue.C.Itdependsonhowmuchsleeptheycurrentlyget.D.Itdependsontheirage.答案：B。解析：文章指出这个说法是一个错误的谣言，并不存在可以训练自己少或者不需要休息的情况。6.Iseveryone'soptimalamountofsleepseventoninehours?A.Yes,therearenoexceptions.B.No,itvariesbasedonageandotherfactors.C.Yes,theUniversityofSurreystudyfoundthatsevenandahalfhoursistheoptimalamountforeveryone.D.No,everyoneneedsexactlyeighthoursofsleep.答案：B。解析：虽然大多数科学家都认为七到九个小时是最佳的睡眠时间，但是文章也指出不同的年龄段需要的睡眠时间可能会有所不同。7.Whatisoneofthesignificantissuesrelatedtosleep?A.Mythsabouttheamountofsleeppeopleneed.B.Thecostofmattressesandpillows.C.Rumorsaboutwhichfoodscanhelpyousleepbetter.D.Conflictingscientificstudiesonthebenefitsofsleeping.答案：A。解析：文章的第五段谈到了与睡眠相关的传言，其中提到人们在这方面的认识可能不准确。8.Shouldweuseourtimeefficiently,includingoursleepinghours?A.Yes,becausetimeisvaluableandwerequiresomeamountofsleep.B.No,it'sbettertowastetimeandnotworryaboutgettingenoughsleep.C.Itdoesn'tmatter,aslongasweareproductiveduringourwakinghours.D.Noneoftheabove.答案：A。解析：文章最后一句表明，我们应该充分利用时间，包括睡眠时间，因为时间很宝贵，每个人都需要一定的睡眠。【全文逐句对照翻译】我们常常认为时间的价值是理所当然的。Thevalueoftimeissomethingthatweoftentakeforgranted.查尔斯·达尔文曾说过，浪费哪怕一个小时的人是不懂得生命的价值的。CharlesDarwinmadethepointthatpeoplewhowasteevenjustonehouroftheirtimedon'tunderstandtheworthoflife.如果一个人活到一百岁，那只有一千二百个月——当你把它看成天、小时和分钟时，这是相当可怕的。Ifanindividuallivestobeahundredyearsold,that'sonlytwelve-hundredmonths–andwhenyoulookatitasdays,hoursandminutes,it'squitefrightening.那么问题来了，每晚8小时的睡眠是必要的还是只是一个神话。Thequestion,then,iswhethereighthoursofsleepeachnightisnecessaryormerelyamyth.虽然大多数科学家都认为7到9小时是最佳睡眠时间，但事情并没有那么简单。Whilemostscientistsagreethatseventoninehoursistheoptimalamountofsleep,it'snotthatsimple.根据你的年龄，你可能需要更多或更少的睡眠。Basedonyourage,youmightneedmoreorlesssleep.一般来说，7个半小时左右的睡眠对成年人来说就足够了。Generally,aboutsevenandahalfhoursissufficientforadults.在萨里大学睡眠研究中心，研究人员对两组人进行了一项研究，他们分别睡了六个半小时和七个半小时。AttheUniversityofSurreySleepResearchCenter,researchersconductedastudyontwogroupsthatsleptforsixandahalfandsevenandahalfhoursrespectively.研究发现，那些睡眠较少的人会感到烦躁，注意力也会下降。Thestudyfoundthatthosewhosleptlessexperiencedirritationandreducedconcentrationlevels.此外，睡眠不足的人的基因变得更加活跃，特别是与炎症、免