专四模拟试题之阅读共30篇

专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）

专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）

GlacierNationalParkinMontanasharesboundarieswithCanada,anAmerican

Indianreservation,andanationalforest.AlongtheNorthForkoftheFlatheadRiver,

theparkalsobordersabout17,000acresofprivatelandsthatarecurrentlyusedfor

ranching,timber,andagriculture.Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatand

migratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.Theseprivate

landsareessentiallytheonlyonesavailablefordevelopmentintheregion.

Withencouragementfromthepark,locallandownersinitiatedalanduseplanning

efforttoguidethefutureoftheNorthFork.Theparkisapartnerinaninterlocal

agreementthatcallsforresourcemanagingagenciestoworktogetherandwiththe

morethan400privateownersinthearea.Adraftplanhasbeenprepared,with

objectiveofmaintainingtraditionaleconomicusesbutlimitingnewdevelopmentthat

woulddamageparkresources.Voluntaryactionbylandowners,incooperationwith

theparkandthecounty,ishelpingtorestrictsmalllotsubdivisions,maintainwildlife

corridors,andminimizeanyharmfulimpactontheenvironment.

Thewillingnessoflocallandownerstoparticipateinthisprotectioneffortmayhave

beenstimulatedbyconcernsthatcongresswouldimposealegislativesolution.

Nevertheless,manylocalresidentswanttoretaintheexistingcharacterofthearea.

Meetingsbetweenparkofficialsandlandownershaveledtoadramaticallyimproved

understandingofallconcerns.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A.theendangeredspeciesinGlacierNationalPark

B.theprotectionoflandssurroundingGlacierNationalPark

C.conservationlawsimposedbythestateofMontana

D.conservationlawsimposedbyCongress

2.WhyaretheprivatelandssurroundingGlacierNationalParksoimportant?

A.Theyfunctionasahuntingpreserve.

B.Theyarerestrictedtogovernmentuse.

C.Theyareheavilypopulated.

D.Theycontainnaturalhabitatsofthreatenedspecies.

3.Therelationshipbetweenparkofficialsandneighboringlandownersmaybestbe

describedas.

A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointing

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorinterestoftheofficialsofGlacier

NationalParkisto.

A.limitlanddevelopmentaroundthepark

B.establishanewparkinMontana

C.influencenationallegislation

D.settleborderdisputeswithCanada

答案解析：

l.B）这是一道主旨题。通过阅读文章可知，为了保护冰川国家公园的濒危物种

和资源，公园当局和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划，故答案为B。

2.D）这是一道细节题。根据第一段第三句"Thislandisanimportantpartofthe

habitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.”

（这片土地是非常重要的，因为这里是几种经常光顾此公园的濒危物种的栖息地

和迁徙路线。）可知选项D为正确答案。

3.C）根据第二段可知，公园当局和地方土地所有者密切合作来保护资源，因此

他们的关系是"cooperative"（合作性的）。

4.A）这是一道推理题。根据第二段第三句和阅读全文，我们很容易就可以得到

这样一个信息：为了保护自然资源和濒危物种，公园管理者限制那些会破坏资源

的土地开发。因此选项A为正确答案。

专四模拟试题（阅读篇2）

Humanbeingshaveusedtoolsforaverylongtime.Insomepartsoftheworldyou

canstillfindtoolsthatpeopleusedmorethantwomillionyearsago.Theymadethese

toolsbyhittingonestoneagainstanother.Inthisway,theybrokeoffpiecesfromone

ofthestones.Thesechipsofstonewereusuallysharpononeside.Peopleusedthem

forcuttingmeatandskinfromdeadanimals,andalsoformakingothertoolsoutof

wood.

Humanbeingsneededtousetoolsbecausetheydidnothavesharpteethlikeother

meateatinganimals,suchaslionsandtigers.Toolshelpedpeopletogetfoodmore

easily.Workingwithtoolsalsohelpedtodevelophumanintelligence.Thehuman

braingrewbigger,andhumanbeingsbegantoinventmoreandmoretoolsand

machines.Thestonechipwasoneofthefirsttoolsthatpeopleused,andperhapsitis

themostimportant.Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytosuccessofmankind.

1.Thestonechipisthoughttobethemostimportanttoolbecauseit.

A.wasoneofthefirsttools

B.developedhumancapabilities

C.ledtotheinventionofmachines

D.wascrucialtothedevelopmentofmankind

2.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstosuggestthatlifeinfutureis.

A.disastrousB.unpredictableC.excitingD.colorful

.D）这是一道细节题。根据文章第二段尾句

“Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytothesuccessofmankind^^

可知"stonechip”对于人类的发展起到了非常重要的作用，这与D正好相符。

2.B）在文章最后-一段中作者说人类在过去的儿百万年时间

里一直使用“stonechip”，人类社会发生的变化很小。

而我们使用“siliconchips”才不过儿年，生活却发生了巨大的变化。

于是作者发出了疑问：“二十年后的生活会是什么样子的呢？”，

“二百万年后的世界又会是什么样子呢？”，

表明将来的生活无法预料，这与选项B相符

专四模拟试题（阅读篇3）

AsmanyasonethousandyearsagointheSouthwest,theHopiandZuniIndiansof

NorthAmericawerebuildingwithadobe-sunbakedbrickplasteredwithmud.Their

homeslookedremarkablylikemodernapartmenthouses.Somewerefourstorieshigh

andcontainedquartersforperhapsathousandpeople,alongwithstoreroomsfor

grainandothergoods.Thesebuildingswereusuallyputupagainstcliffs,bothto

makeconstructioneasierandfordefenseagainstenemies.Theywerereallyvillages

inthemselves,aslaterSpanishexplorersmusthaverealizedsincetheycalledthem

"pueblos"，whichisSpanishfortown.

ThepeopleofthepueblosraisedwhatarecalledHthethreesisters',-com,beans,and

squash.Theymadeexcellentpotteryandwovemarvelousbaskets,somesofinethat

theycouldholdwater.TheSouthwesthasalwaysbeenadrycountry,wherewateris

scarce.TheHopiandZunibroughtwaterfromstreamstotheirfieldsandgardens

throughirrigationditches.Waterwassoimportantthatitplayedamajorroleintheir

religion.Theydevelopedelaborateceremoniesandreligiousritualstobringrain.

Thewayoflifeoflesssettledgroupswassimplerandmorestronglyinfluencedby

nature.SmalltribessuchastheShoshoneandUtewanderedthedryandmountainous

landsbetweentheRockyMountainsandthePacificOcean.Theygatheredseedsand

huntedsmallanimalssuchassmallrabbitsandsnakes.IntheFarNorththeancestors

oftoday'sInuithuntedseals,walruses,andthegreatwhales.Theylivedrightonthe

frozenseasinshelterscalledigloosbuiltofblocksofpackedsnow.Whensummer

came,theyfishedforsalmonandhuntedthelordlycaribou.

TheCheyenne,Pawnee,andSiouxtribes,knownasthePlainsIndians,livedonthe

grasslandsbetweentheRockyMountainsandtheMississippiRiver.Theyhunted

bison,commonlycalledthebuffalo.Itsmeatwasthechieffoodofthesetribes,andits

hidewasusedtomaketheirclothingandcoveringoftheirtentsandtipis.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.ThearchitectureofearlyAmericanIndianbuildings.

B.ThemovementofAmericanIndiansacrossNorthAmerica.

C.CeremoniesandritualsofAmericanIndians.

D.ThewayoflifeofAmericanIndiantribesinearlyNorthAmerica.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedwellingsoftheHopiandZuni

were.

A.verysmallB.highlyadvancedC.difficulttodefendD.quicklyconstructed

答案

答案：

LD）根据阅读短文可知，作者主要描述了北美地区不同印第安部落的不同的生

活方式。故选项D为正确答案。

2.B）此题为推断题。根据文章第一段可知，早在一千年前Hopi和Zuni两支北

美印第安部落就用一种砖坯"adobe”来建造房屋，高可达四层楼高，有居住室还

有储藏室，颇像现代的公寓，故选项B（高度发达）为正确答案。

专四模拟试题（阅读篇4）

GlacierNationalParkinMontanasharesboundarieswithCanada,anAmerican

Indianreservation,andanationalforest.AlongtheNorthForkoftheFlatheadRiver,

theparkalsobordersabout17,000acresofprivatelandsthatarecurrentlyusedfor

ranching,timber,andagriculture.Thislandisanimportantpartofthehabitatand

migratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.Theseprivate

landsareessentiallytheonlyonesavailablefordevelopmentintheregion.

Withencouragementfromthepark,locallandownersinitiatedalanduseplanning

efforttoguidethefutureoftheNorthFork.Theparkisapartnerinaninterlocal

agreementthatcallsforresourcemanagingagenciestoworktogetherandwiththe

morethan400privateownersinthearea.Adraftplanhasbeenprepared,with

objectiveofmaintainingtraditionaleconomicusesbutlimitingnewdevelopmentthat

woulddamageparkresources.Voluntaryactionbylandowners,incooperationwith

theparkandthecounty,ishelpingtorestrictsmalllotsubdivisions,maintainwildlife

corridors,andminimizeanyharmfulimpactontheenvironment.

Thewillingnessoflocallandownerstoparticipateinthisprotectioneffortmayhave

beenstimulatedbyconcernsthatcongresswouldimposealegislativesolution.

Nevertheless,manylocalresidentswanttoretaintheexistingcharacterofthearea.

Meetingsbetweenparkofficialsandlandownershaveledtoadramaticallyimproved

understandingofallconcerns.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A.theendangeredspeciesinGlacierNationalPark

B.theprotectionoflandssurroundingGlacierNationalPark

C.conservationlawsimposedbythestateofMontana

D.conservationlawsimposedbyCongress

2.WhyaretheprivatelandssurroundingGlacierNationalParksoimportant?

A.Theyfunctionasahuntingpreserve.

B.Theyarerestrictedtogovernmentuse.

C.Theyareheavilypopulated.

D.Theycontainnaturalhabitatsofthreatenedspecies.

3.Therelationshipbetweenparkofficialsandneighboringlandownersmaybestbe

describedas.

A.indifferentB.intimateC.cooperativeD.disappointing

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorinterestoftheofficialsofGlacier

NationalParkisto.

A.limitlanddevelopmentaroundthepark

B.establishanewparkinMontana

C.influencenationallegislation

D.settleborderdisputeswithCanada

l.B）这是一道主旨题。通过阅读文章可知，为了保护冰川国家公园的濒危物种

和资源，公园当局和地方土地所有者制订了限制土地使用计划，故答案为B。

2.D）这是一道细节题。根据第一段第三句"Thislandisanimportantpartofthe

habitatandmigratoryroutesforseveralendangeredspeciesthatfrequentthepark.”

（这片土地是非常重要的，因为这里是几种经常光顾此公园的濒危物种的栖息地

和迁徙路线。）可知选项D为正确答案。

3.C）根据第二段可知，公园当局和地方土地所有者密切合作来保护资源，因此

他们的关系是"cooperative"（合作性的）。

4.A）这是一道推理题。根据第二段第三句和阅读全文，我们很容易就可以得到

这样一个信息：为了保护自然资源和濒危物种，公园管理者限制那些会破坏资源

的土地开发。因此选项A为正确答案。

专四模拟试题（阅读篇5）

About5,000yearsago,theEgyptiansandotherpeopleintheNearEastbegantouse

picturesaskindofwriting.Theydrewsimplepicturesorsignstorepresentthingsand

ideas,andalsotorepresentthesoundsoftheirlanguage.Thesignsthesepeopleused

becameakindofalphabet.

TheEgyptiansusedtorecordinformationandtotellstoriesbyputtingpicturewriting

andpicturestogether.Whenanimpoitantpersondied,scenesandstoriesfromhislife

werepaintedandcarvedonthewallsoftheplacewherehewasburied.Someofthese

picturesarelikemoderncomicstripstories.IthasbeensaidthatEgyptisthehomeof

thecomicstrip.But,fortheEgyptians,picturesstillhadmagicpower.Sotheydidnot

trytomaketheirwayofwritingsimple.Theordinarypeoplecouldnotunderstandit.

Bytheyear1,000BC,peoplewholivedintheareaaroundtheMediterraneanSeahad

developedasimplersystemofwriting.Thesignstheyusedwereveryeasytowrite,

andtherewerefewerofthemthanintheEgyptiansystem.Thiswasbecauseeachsign,

orletter,representedonlyonesoundintheirlanguage.TheGreeksdevelopedthis

systemandformedthelettersoftheGreekalphabet.TheRomanscopiedtheidea,and

theRomanalphabetisnowusedallovertheworld.

Thesedays,wecanwritedownastory,orrecordinformation,withoutusingpictures.

Butwestillneedpicturesofallkinds:drawing,photographs,signsanddiagrams.We

findthemeverywhere:inbooksandnewspapers,inthestreet,andonthewallsofthe

placeswhereweliveandwork.Pictureshelpustounderstandandrememberthings

moreeasily,andtheycanmakeastorymuchmoreinteresting.

1.PicturesofanimalswerepaintedonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpain

because.

A.thehunterswantedtoseethepictures

B.thepainterswereanimallovers

C.thepainterswantedtoshowimagination

D.thepictureswerethoughttobehelpful

2.TheGreekalphabetwassimplerthantheEgyptiansystemforallthefollowing

reasonsEXCEPTthat.

A.theformerwaseasytowrite

B.therewerefewersignsintheformer

C.theformerwaseasytopronounce

D.eachsignstoodforonlyonesound

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.TheEgyptiansignslaterbecameaparticularalphabet.

B.TheEgyptianslikedtowritecomicstripstories.

C.TheRomanalphabetwasdevelopedfromtheEgyptianone.

D.TheGreekscopiedtheirwritingsystemfromtheEgyptians.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpictures.

A.shouldbemadecomprehensible

B.shouldbemadeinteresting

C.areofmuchuseinourlife

D.havedisappearedfromourlife

1.D）根据文章第•段第五行"Perhapsthepaintersthoughtthattheirpictureswould

helpthemtocatchtheseanimals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，

故选项D为正确答案。

2.C）在做此类题时要注意题干的要求。通过阅读文章第四段很清楚就知道选项

C“前者容易发音”在文中没有提及，故为正确答案。

3.A）可用排除法来做本题。通过阅读文章很清楚选项B和D为错误陈述。选项

C"罗马字母是从埃及字母发展而来的，，根据文章第四段第四，五句可知为错误论

述，因此只有选项A为正确答案。

4.C）文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途，故选项C为正确答案

专四模拟试题（阅读篇6）

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theone

mostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.

Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewed

thenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andthey

soughtthroughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Those

measureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeated

untiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedor

veiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthe

stories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievedthatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoserites

containedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmost

alwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,and

whentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymade

betweenthe"actingarea"andthe^^auditorium^,.Inaddition,therewereperformers,

and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesinthe

enactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksand

costumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,and

mimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivalofthe

Sun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfrom

religiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.

Accordingtothisview,tales（aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats）aregradually

elaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebya

narratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.A

closelyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicaland

gymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Theoriginsoftheater.B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance.

C.Theimportanceofstorytelling.D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.

2.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?

A.Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.

B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.

C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.

D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterand

ritual?

A.Dance.B.Costumes.C.Music.D.Magic.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama.

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

5.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

A.Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.

B.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.

D.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.

1.A）这是一道主旨题。根据文章第一^句“Therearemanytheoriesaboutthe

beginningofdramainancientGreece.”及第三段第•句“Anothertheorytracesthe

theatefsoriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.”可知本文是讨论戏剧的起源

的。故选项A为正确答案。

2.C）这也是一道主旨题。本题可用排除法来做。通过阅读第一段，首先很明显

可将选项B和D排除；选项A（戏剧无法预测的原因）也不正确，故只有选项

C（神话与戏剧情节的联系）为正确答案。

3.D）这是一道细节题。在做本题时要注意题干中的NOT。通过阅读文章很明显

选项DMagic为正确答案。

4.D)根据文章第二段可知尽管有人说戏剧起源于宗教仪式，但是它们还是有区

别的，例如：戏剧演出“performances”要有合适的演出地点；戏剧表演时，“表演

区"("actingarea")和"观看区"("auditorium”)有明显的分界线，另外表演戏

剧还要有演员。而宗教仪式在进行过程中为了避免犯错误都是由宗教领袖来进

行，由他们戴上面具，穿上服装来模仿其他人，动物或超自然的东西，做出一些

动作以求达到一些目的，例如：在打猎或战斗中取得胜利，祈雨等。由此可判断

宗教仪式都有一定的宗教目的，而戏剧却没有，这正符合选项D。

5.A)通过阅读文章可知，选项A为正确答案。

专四模拟试题(阅读篇7)

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Allliving

creature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingabout

thelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimal

that,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayand

nightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutis

consideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhas

subsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstube

feet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.Commonincool

wateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsand

anddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrownto

sandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythe

creaturesarecucumbershaped-hencetheirname-andbecausetheyaretypicallyrock

inhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeinto

creviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershave

thecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate-feedingsparinglyor

notatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhave

achancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefood

availableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Its

majorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgans

intowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumber

willeviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched；itwilldothe

sameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoo

polluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant?

A.Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.

B.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.

D.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers'existence

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

A.Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternal

organsintothewater?

A.AtouchB.FoodC.UnusuallywarmwaterD.Pollution.

l.B）通过阅读文章可以排除选项A、C、D,因为文中没有提及，故选项B为

正确答案。

2.0此题为段落主旨题。通过阅读第四段可知作者都是讲述海参的进食习惯,

故选项C为正确答案。

3.A）此题为推论题。根据最后一段可知海参在受到外界刺激时，会做出一定

的反应，这也反映出它的防御机制非常敏感，故A为正确答案。

4.B）此题为细节题。根据最后一段可知惟有food不会使海参将体内器官吐出

来，故其为正确答案。

专四模拟试题（阅读篇8）

Municipalsewageisofrelativelyrecentoriginasapollutant.Itwasfirstbroughtto

publicattentioninthe19thcenturybyaLondonphysicianwhoshowedthatthecity's

choleraoutbreakhadbeencausedbyjustonecontaminatedwell.Eventhoughthe

contaminationofdrinkingwaterbydiseasegermshasbeennearlyeliminatedinthis

country,hundredsofcommunitiesarestilldischargingrawsewageintostreamsand

rivers.Whenweconsiderthatthissewagecontainseffluentsfromtoilets,hospitals,

laundries,industrialplants,etc.,thenthepotentialofthepollutantsasahealthhazard

isapparent.

Theproblemofmunicipalsewagedisposaliscomplicatedbythefactthat,years

ago,mostcitiescombinedtheirstormandwastedisposalsewers.Manyofthese

combinedsystemsworkwell,butotherscannotcopewithsuddenheavyrains.When

suchstormsoccur,watermixedwithsewagemayfloodanddisabletreatmentplants

unlessbypassed,untreated,intoastream.Ineithercase,thepeoplemayhavelittle

protectionforseveraldaysfromthesewastesthatmaycontaindiseasegerms.Even

ifadequatelytreatedtoeliminatethehealthhazard,sewageisaesthetically

undesirablebecauseofodorsandcolorsproduced.Detergentshaveposedaparticular

disposalproblem.Althoughthereisnoindicationthattheyareinjurioustohealth,

theycancausefoaming,whichcanclogtreatmentplantsand,attheleast,spoilthe

scenicbeautyofstreams.Ruralandsuburbanresidentsshouldbeawarethatseptic

tanksandcesspoolsareapotentialsourceofpollutiontogroundwatersupplies.This

isespeciallytrueinthesuburbanareaswithahighpopulationdensityandwithno

municipalsewagedisposalandtreatmentsystemavailable.Insomeareas,sewage

disposalisaccomplishedbycesspools.Soilresearchisfurnishingguidelinesformore

effectiveandsaferuseofsystemssuchasthese.

1.Thispassageisconcernedprimarilywiththe.

A.problemsofwastedisposal

B.dangersofdrinkingfromwells

C.turbidityofpollutedwater

D.outbreakofcholera

2.TheauthormentionstheLondoncholeraepidemicto.

A.provethatthecityrefusedtodealwithpollution

B.provethatmedicalscienceonceknewlittleaboutpollution

C.introducetheideaofcontaminatedwatersupplies

D.recallahistoricalfact

3.Indenselypopulatedsuburbanareas,adangerexitsfrom.

A.streamsthatdonotflowdirectlytoopenbodiesofwater

B.cesspoolsandseptictanksthatcontaminatewatersupplies

C.stormandwastedisposalsewersthathavebeencombined

D.theundesirableodorsofsewage

4.Indevelopingthemainpoint,theauthormakesuseof.

A.scientificarguments

B.convincingtestimony

C.commonsenseobservations

D.analogy

l.Ao此题为主旨题。线索词为"sewage"、"pollutant"、"sewagedisposal”等,这些

词贯穿文章始终，可见A项符合题意。B、C、D三项皆为文中细节，不能反映

主题。

2.Co此题为细节题。答案在第一段。线索词为“Londoncholera”。此题考查作者

引用的目的。A项与文中所述事实相反。B项文中未涉及此话题。D项”London

cholera”是一个”historicalfact",却不是作者引用之目的。

3.Bo此题为细节题。答案在最后一段的主题句中。线索词为“suburban"、“source

ofpollution"^"groundwater"0

4.Co此题为篇章结构题。作者首先提出排污系统为污染源，然后通过观察、分

析、归纳来阐述观点，而没用A项“科学论证“、B项”令人信服的证据”或D项”

类比”。

专四模拟试题（阅读篇9）

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Allliving

creature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthe

littleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,

amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcan

livewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsidered

supremelyediblebygourmets?Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallits

eccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptable

enoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oron

thesurfaceofmudflats.

CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilityto

suckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscome

inavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearly

white.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber

shaped-hencetheirname-andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,this

shape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyare

safefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,

eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveat

alowmetabolicrate-feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthe

marineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotfor

thisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwould

probablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.Butthemostspectacularthingaboutthe

seacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,when

attacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructures

suchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitis

attackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureis

toohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant?

A.Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.

B.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.

D.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers9existence

3.Whatcanbeinfen*edaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

A.Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseits

internalorgansintothewater?

A.Atouch.

B.Food.

C.Unusuallywarmwater.

D.Pollution.

LB）通过阅读文章可以排除选项A、C、D,因为文中没有提